IMPLIKASI PBI NO. 14/8/PBI/2012 TENTANG KEPEMILIKAN SAHAM BANK UMUM TERHADAP PELAKSANAAN GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DAN PRINSIP NATIONAL TREATMENT PADA UU NO. 25 TAHUN 2007 TENTANG PENANAMAN MODAL.
Im p lik a s i P B I N o . 1 4 /8/P B I/2 0 1 2 T e n ta n g K e p e m ilik a n S a h a m
B ank U m um
T e rh a d a p P e la k s a n a a n P rin s ip G o o d C o rp o ra te G o v e rn a n c e d a n D itin ja u D a ri
P r i n s i p N a t i o n a l T r e a tm e n t P a d a U U N o . 2 5 T a h u n 2 0 0 7 T e n t a n g P e n a n a m a n
M odal
A B S T R A K
G e n e M a x c e ll
110110090389
P asal 3 3
b e rd a s a rk a n
U U D
a ta s
asas
m a s y a ra k a t. P e ra n
p e n t in g
yang
d ila k u k a n
m en ghendak i bah w a
k e b e rs a m a a n
d a r i le m b a g a
d i I n d o n e s ia
k e p e m ilik a n
1945
s e h in g g a
o le h
bank.
saham nya
d a la m
p e rb a n k a n
p e m e r in t a h
S a la h
yang
s a tu
p e r e k o n o m ia n
ra n g k a
dapat
k e s e ja h t e r a a n
in t e r m e d ia s i s a n g a t
m e n g a w a s i s e c a ra
c a ra n y a
d ih a r a p k a n
m e w u ju d k a n
s e b a g a i le m b a g a
p e r lu
n a s io n a l d is u s u n
a d a la h
dengan
m e n d o ro n g
k e t a t k e b ija k a n
m e n a ta
p e n e ra p a n
s tru k tu r
ta ta
k e lo la
b a n k y a n g b a ik ( g o o d c o r p o r a t e g o v e r n a n c e ) . P e n a t a a n s t r u k t u r k e p e m ilik a n s a h a m
d ila k u k a n
u n tu k
m e n g h in d a r i
s e h in g g a
fu n g s i
I n d o n e s ia
m e n g e lu a r k a n
check
K e p e m il ik a n S a h a m
and
adanya
b a la n c e s
P e ra tu ra n
B ank U m um
s t r u k t u r k e p e m ilik a n
saham
d o m in a s i
d a ri
k e p e m il ik a n
pem ega ng.
B a n k I n d o n e s ia
um um .
P em egang
t e r t e n t u w a jib m e n y e s u a ik a n k e p e m i lik a n n y a d a la m
ju g a ,
penanam
I n d o n e s ia ,
p e ra tu ra n
m oda l
w a jib
a s in g
m em enuhi
ters e b u t.
P e rs y a ra ta n
s e p e r t i m e la n g g a r p r in s ip
s e b a g a im a n a
yan g
te rc a n tu m
in g in
d a la m
ta m b a h a n
ta m b a h a n
d a la m
penanam an
P asal
4
bagi
k a re n a
bank
it u ,
B ank
T e n ta n g
u n t u k m e la k u k a n p e n a t a a n
saham
b e rd a s a rk a n
k a te g o ri
ja n g k a w a k t u t e r t e n t u . S e la i n it u
m e m i lik i
p e rs y a ra ta n
O le h
s u a tu
N o m o r 1 4 /8 /P B I/2 0 1 2
sebagai payung hukum
bank
pad a
saham
pad a
yang
te rd a p a t
penanam
m o d a l y a it u
um um
pada
m odal
p r in s ip
U n d a n g -U n d a n g
bank
di
P asal
a s in g
5
t e r lih a t
n a t io n a l t r e a t m e n t
N om or
25
Tahun
2007
T e n t a n g P e n a n a m a n M o d a l.
P e n u l is a n
dengan
b e rd a s a rk a n
d a la m
di
s k r ip s i in i d ik a ji b e r d a s a r k a n
m e to d e
d a ta
d e s k r ip t if
yang
a n a lit is ,
d ip e r o le h
y a it u
yang
k e m u d ia n
p e r u n d a n g - u n d a n g a n t e r k a it h u k u m
I n d o n e s ia ,
p e n e lit ia n
lit e r a t u r
la p a n g a n
s e rta
u n tu k
b a ja n
la in
m e to d e
d ia n a l is a
y u r id is
n o r m a t if
pem ecahan
m a s a la h
b e rd a s a rk a n
k e te n tu a n
penanam an m oda l dan hukum
peb ankan
yang
m e m p e r o le h
p e n d e k a ta n
m e m fo k u s k a n
b e rh u b u n g a n
d a ta
p r im e r
den gan
m e la lu i
p e n e l it ia n
w a w a n c a ra
dan
dan
s e la n ju t n y a d a t a d ia n a lis is s e c a r a y u r id is k u a lit a t if .
P ada
p ra k te k n y a ,
p e m b e r la k u a n
d a ri
p e ra tu ra n
B ank
I n d o n e s ia
te rs e b u t
b e r im p lik a s i p a d a m e n in g k a t n y a t in g k a t g o o d c o r p o r a t e g o v e r n a n c e - n y a k a r e n a p a r a
pem egang
saham
in g in
te ta p
m e m p e rta h a n k a n
p re s e n ta s e
k e p m ilik a n n y a
b a n k t e r t e n t u . S e la in it u , p e m b e r la k u a n p e r s y a r a t a n t a m b a h a n b a g i p e n a n a m
d a la m
m odal
a s in g y a n g in g in m e m ilik i s a h a m n y a p a d a b a n k d i I n d o n e s ia , t id a k m e la n g g a r p r in s ip
n a t io n a l t r e a t m e n t k a r e n a p r in s ip t e r s e b u t h a n y a m e la r a n g p e m b e r la k u a n
y a n g m e n g h a m b a t m a s u k n y a a r u s m o d a l d a n d a la m
p e ra tu ra n
h a l in i I n d o n e s ia t e t a p b e r h a k
u n t u k m e n e t a p k a n p e a t u r a n y a n g s e ja la n d e n g a n k e p e n t in g a n n a s io n a ln y a .
iv
T h e I m p l e m e n t a ti o n o f B a n k I n d o n e s i a R u l e s N u m b e r 4 / 8 / P B I/ 2 0 1 2 Y e a r 2 0 1 2
C o n c e rn in g S h a re O w n e rs h ip O n B a n k ’s to E n fo re c e m e n t o f G o o d C o rp o ra te
G o v e rn a n c e P rin c ip le a n d
N a tio n a l T re a tm e n t B a s e d O n L a w
N um ber 25 Y ear
2 0 0 7 C o n c e rn in g In v e s tm e n t
A B S T R A C T
G e n e M a x c e ll
110110090389
I n d o n e s ia n e c o n o m ic a s s t ip u la t e d o n A r t ic le 3 3 T h e 1 9 4 5 C o n s t it u t io n o f t h e
R e p u b l ic
I n d o n e s ia
s h a ll b e
o r g a n iz e d
p r in c ip le s o f t h e f a m ily s y s t e m
I n d o n e s ia n
e c o n o m ic ,
th e
as
a
com m on
endeavour
based
upon
th e
in t h e c o n t e x t o f s o c ia l w e lf a r e . T o o b t a in t h e g o a l o f
G o v e rn m e n t
needs
b a n k in g
in s t it u i o n
as
s u p p o r t in g
in s t it u io n f o r I n d o n e s ia n d e v e lo p m e n t . B a n k h a s a n im p o r t a n t r o le in I n d o n e s ia , a n d
th e
G ovenm ent
m ust
r e s t r u c t u r in g
of
th e
e n fo rc e m e n t
w ill
be
be
s u p e r v is e
s h a r e h o ld e r s ,
in c r e a s e d .
e v e ry
p o l ic y
p e rh a p s
w h ic h
th e
R e s t r u c t u r in g
of
bank
good
e n a c te d .
c o rp o ra te
s h a r e h o ld e r s
T h ro u g h
g o v e rn a n c e
m ust
be
p e rform
r e g a r d in g t o o p t im a liz e c h e c k a n d b a la n c e s f u n c t io n . H e n c e , B a n k o f I n d o n e s ia h a s
e n a c te d
B ank
of
O w n e r s h ip ’s o n
set
t h e ir
w a n te d
I n d o n e s ia
B a n k (“th e
o w n e r s h ip
to
r e q u ir e m e n t s
under
in v e s t o r lo o k s lik e
to
1 4 /8 /2 0 1 2
c o n c e r n in g
s h a r e h o ld e r s h a s a n
c e r t a in
T h e re fo re ,
t im e
l im it t h a t t h e
A r t ic le
v io l a t e d
N um ber
R e g u la t io n ” ) . C e r t a in
under
in v e s t u p
R e g u la t io n
5
of
to
th e
p e r io d .
R e g u la t io n
f o r e ig n
s ta te d , h a s
R e g u la t io n .
A d d it io n
n a t io n a l t r e a t m e n t p r in c ip le
an
S h a re
o b l ig a t io n
in v e s t o r
o b lig a t i o n
r e q u ir e m e n t s
a s s t ip u la t e d
to
w ho
to
f u l lf il
f o r f o r e ig n
on
A r t ic le
4
L a w N u m b e r 4 o f 2 0 0 7 c o n c e r n in g I n v e s tm e n t .
T h e m e t h o d u s e d f o r t h is r e s e a r c h
th ro u g h
d a ta
d e s c r ip t iv e
and
lit e r a t u r e s a n d
p r im a r y
a n a ly s is
r e g u la t io n s
d a ta
m e th o d
r e g a r d in g
o t h e r m a t e r ia ls
by
in t e r v ie w .
w h ic h
b a n k in g
r e la t e d
The
based on
to
fo c u s
la w
th e
c o l le c t e d
n o r m a t iv e ju r id ic a l a p p r o a c h in g
on
a nd
p r o b le m
s o lv in g
in v e s t m e n t
la w
re s e a rc h
d a ta
a re
and
th e n
f ie l d
p u rs u a n t
in
re s e a rc h
a n a ly z e d
w it h
to
I n d o n e s ia ,
to
o b t a in
q u a lit a t iv e
ju r id ic a l m e t h o d .
I n f a c t, t h e e n f o r c e m e n t o f t h e r e g u la t io n c a u s e d in c r e a s in g o f g o o d c o r p o r a t e
g o v e rn a n c e
fro m
b a n k ’s b e c a u s e
m a n y s h a r e h o ld e r s
w a n t to
h o ld
t h e ir o w n e r s h ip
o n c e r t a in b a n k s . T h e r e f o r e , e n f o r c e m e n t a d d it io n r e q u ir e m e n t s f o r f o r e ig n i n v e s t o r
d id
n o t v io la t e d
u n d e r n a t io n a l t r e a t m e n t p r in c ip le
an
e n fo rc e m e n t
of
th e
r e g u la t io n
th a t
caused
beca use
t h is p r i n c ip le
r e s is t a n c e
fo r
p r o h ib it e d
in v e s tm e n t ,
I n d o n e s ia h a s ju r is d ic t io n t o r u le d b y c o n t in o u s ly c o n s id e r in g t h e n a t io n a l in t e r e s t .
v
yet
B ank U m um
T e rh a d a p P e la k s a n a a n P rin s ip G o o d C o rp o ra te G o v e rn a n c e d a n D itin ja u D a ri
P r i n s i p N a t i o n a l T r e a tm e n t P a d a U U N o . 2 5 T a h u n 2 0 0 7 T e n t a n g P e n a n a m a n
M odal
A B S T R A K
G e n e M a x c e ll
110110090389
P asal 3 3
b e rd a s a rk a n
U U D
a ta s
asas
m a s y a ra k a t. P e ra n
p e n t in g
yang
d ila k u k a n
m en ghendak i bah w a
k e b e rs a m a a n
d a r i le m b a g a
d i I n d o n e s ia
k e p e m ilik a n
1945
s e h in g g a
o le h
bank.
saham nya
d a la m
p e rb a n k a n
p e m e r in t a h
S a la h
yang
s a tu
p e r e k o n o m ia n
ra n g k a
dapat
k e s e ja h t e r a a n
in t e r m e d ia s i s a n g a t
m e n g a w a s i s e c a ra
c a ra n y a
d ih a r a p k a n
m e w u ju d k a n
s e b a g a i le m b a g a
p e r lu
n a s io n a l d is u s u n
a d a la h
dengan
m e n d o ro n g
k e t a t k e b ija k a n
m e n a ta
p e n e ra p a n
s tru k tu r
ta ta
k e lo la
b a n k y a n g b a ik ( g o o d c o r p o r a t e g o v e r n a n c e ) . P e n a t a a n s t r u k t u r k e p e m ilik a n s a h a m
d ila k u k a n
u n tu k
m e n g h in d a r i
s e h in g g a
fu n g s i
I n d o n e s ia
m e n g e lu a r k a n
check
K e p e m il ik a n S a h a m
and
adanya
b a la n c e s
P e ra tu ra n
B ank U m um
s t r u k t u r k e p e m ilik a n
saham
d o m in a s i
d a ri
k e p e m il ik a n
pem ega ng.
B a n k I n d o n e s ia
um um .
P em egang
t e r t e n t u w a jib m e n y e s u a ik a n k e p e m i lik a n n y a d a la m
ju g a ,
penanam
I n d o n e s ia ,
p e ra tu ra n
m oda l
w a jib
a s in g
m em enuhi
ters e b u t.
P e rs y a ra ta n
s e p e r t i m e la n g g a r p r in s ip
s e b a g a im a n a
yan g
te rc a n tu m
in g in
d a la m
ta m b a h a n
ta m b a h a n
d a la m
penanam an
P asal
4
bagi
k a re n a
bank
it u ,
B ank
T e n ta n g
u n t u k m e la k u k a n p e n a t a a n
saham
b e rd a s a rk a n
k a te g o ri
ja n g k a w a k t u t e r t e n t u . S e la i n it u
m e m i lik i
p e rs y a ra ta n
O le h
s u a tu
N o m o r 1 4 /8 /P B I/2 0 1 2
sebagai payung hukum
bank
pad a
saham
pad a
yang
te rd a p a t
penanam
m o d a l y a it u
um um
pada
m odal
p r in s ip
U n d a n g -U n d a n g
bank
di
P asal
a s in g
5
t e r lih a t
n a t io n a l t r e a t m e n t
N om or
25
Tahun
2007
T e n t a n g P e n a n a m a n M o d a l.
P e n u l is a n
dengan
b e rd a s a rk a n
d a la m
di
s k r ip s i in i d ik a ji b e r d a s a r k a n
m e to d e
d a ta
d e s k r ip t if
yang
a n a lit is ,
d ip e r o le h
y a it u
yang
k e m u d ia n
p e r u n d a n g - u n d a n g a n t e r k a it h u k u m
I n d o n e s ia ,
p e n e lit ia n
lit e r a t u r
la p a n g a n
s e rta
u n tu k
b a ja n
la in
m e to d e
d ia n a l is a
y u r id is
n o r m a t if
pem ecahan
m a s a la h
b e rd a s a rk a n
k e te n tu a n
penanam an m oda l dan hukum
peb ankan
yang
m e m p e r o le h
p e n d e k a ta n
m e m fo k u s k a n
b e rh u b u n g a n
d a ta
p r im e r
den gan
m e la lu i
p e n e l it ia n
w a w a n c a ra
dan
dan
s e la n ju t n y a d a t a d ia n a lis is s e c a r a y u r id is k u a lit a t if .
P ada
p ra k te k n y a ,
p e m b e r la k u a n
d a ri
p e ra tu ra n
B ank
I n d o n e s ia
te rs e b u t
b e r im p lik a s i p a d a m e n in g k a t n y a t in g k a t g o o d c o r p o r a t e g o v e r n a n c e - n y a k a r e n a p a r a
pem egang
saham
in g in
te ta p
m e m p e rta h a n k a n
p re s e n ta s e
k e p m ilik a n n y a
b a n k t e r t e n t u . S e la in it u , p e m b e r la k u a n p e r s y a r a t a n t a m b a h a n b a g i p e n a n a m
d a la m
m odal
a s in g y a n g in g in m e m ilik i s a h a m n y a p a d a b a n k d i I n d o n e s ia , t id a k m e la n g g a r p r in s ip
n a t io n a l t r e a t m e n t k a r e n a p r in s ip t e r s e b u t h a n y a m e la r a n g p e m b e r la k u a n
y a n g m e n g h a m b a t m a s u k n y a a r u s m o d a l d a n d a la m
p e ra tu ra n
h a l in i I n d o n e s ia t e t a p b e r h a k
u n t u k m e n e t a p k a n p e a t u r a n y a n g s e ja la n d e n g a n k e p e n t in g a n n a s io n a ln y a .
iv
T h e I m p l e m e n t a ti o n o f B a n k I n d o n e s i a R u l e s N u m b e r 4 / 8 / P B I/ 2 0 1 2 Y e a r 2 0 1 2
C o n c e rn in g S h a re O w n e rs h ip O n B a n k ’s to E n fo re c e m e n t o f G o o d C o rp o ra te
G o v e rn a n c e P rin c ip le a n d
N a tio n a l T re a tm e n t B a s e d O n L a w
N um ber 25 Y ear
2 0 0 7 C o n c e rn in g In v e s tm e n t
A B S T R A C T
G e n e M a x c e ll
110110090389
I n d o n e s ia n e c o n o m ic a s s t ip u la t e d o n A r t ic le 3 3 T h e 1 9 4 5 C o n s t it u t io n o f t h e
R e p u b l ic
I n d o n e s ia
s h a ll b e
o r g a n iz e d
p r in c ip le s o f t h e f a m ily s y s t e m
I n d o n e s ia n
e c o n o m ic ,
th e
as
a
com m on
endeavour
based
upon
th e
in t h e c o n t e x t o f s o c ia l w e lf a r e . T o o b t a in t h e g o a l o f
G o v e rn m e n t
needs
b a n k in g
in s t it u i o n
as
s u p p o r t in g
in s t it u io n f o r I n d o n e s ia n d e v e lo p m e n t . B a n k h a s a n im p o r t a n t r o le in I n d o n e s ia , a n d
th e
G ovenm ent
m ust
r e s t r u c t u r in g
of
th e
e n fo rc e m e n t
w ill
be
be
s u p e r v is e
s h a r e h o ld e r s ,
in c r e a s e d .
e v e ry
p o l ic y
p e rh a p s
w h ic h
th e
R e s t r u c t u r in g
of
bank
good
e n a c te d .
c o rp o ra te
s h a r e h o ld e r s
T h ro u g h
g o v e rn a n c e
m ust
be
p e rform
r e g a r d in g t o o p t im a liz e c h e c k a n d b a la n c e s f u n c t io n . H e n c e , B a n k o f I n d o n e s ia h a s
e n a c te d
B ank
of
O w n e r s h ip ’s o n
set
t h e ir
w a n te d
I n d o n e s ia
B a n k (“th e
o w n e r s h ip
to
r e q u ir e m e n t s
under
in v e s t o r lo o k s lik e
to
1 4 /8 /2 0 1 2
c o n c e r n in g
s h a r e h o ld e r s h a s a n
c e r t a in
T h e re fo re ,
t im e
l im it t h a t t h e
A r t ic le
v io l a t e d
N um ber
R e g u la t io n ” ) . C e r t a in
under
in v e s t u p
R e g u la t io n
5
of
to
th e
p e r io d .
R e g u la t io n
f o r e ig n
s ta te d , h a s
R e g u la t io n .
A d d it io n
n a t io n a l t r e a t m e n t p r in c ip le
an
S h a re
o b l ig a t io n
in v e s t o r
o b lig a t i o n
r e q u ir e m e n t s
a s s t ip u la t e d
to
w ho
to
f u l lf il
f o r f o r e ig n
on
A r t ic le
4
L a w N u m b e r 4 o f 2 0 0 7 c o n c e r n in g I n v e s tm e n t .
T h e m e t h o d u s e d f o r t h is r e s e a r c h
th ro u g h
d a ta
d e s c r ip t iv e
and
lit e r a t u r e s a n d
p r im a r y
a n a ly s is
r e g u la t io n s
d a ta
m e th o d
r e g a r d in g
o t h e r m a t e r ia ls
by
in t e r v ie w .
w h ic h
b a n k in g
r e la t e d
The
based on
to
fo c u s
la w
th e
c o l le c t e d
n o r m a t iv e ju r id ic a l a p p r o a c h in g
on
a nd
p r o b le m
s o lv in g
in v e s t m e n t
la w
re s e a rc h
d a ta
a re
and
th e n
f ie l d
p u rs u a n t
in
re s e a rc h
a n a ly z e d
w it h
to
I n d o n e s ia ,
to
o b t a in
q u a lit a t iv e
ju r id ic a l m e t h o d .
I n f a c t, t h e e n f o r c e m e n t o f t h e r e g u la t io n c a u s e d in c r e a s in g o f g o o d c o r p o r a t e
g o v e rn a n c e
fro m
b a n k ’s b e c a u s e
m a n y s h a r e h o ld e r s
w a n t to
h o ld
t h e ir o w n e r s h ip
o n c e r t a in b a n k s . T h e r e f o r e , e n f o r c e m e n t a d d it io n r e q u ir e m e n t s f o r f o r e ig n i n v e s t o r
d id
n o t v io la t e d
u n d e r n a t io n a l t r e a t m e n t p r in c ip le
an
e n fo rc e m e n t
of
th e
r e g u la t io n
th a t
caused
beca use
t h is p r i n c ip le
r e s is t a n c e
fo r
p r o h ib it e d
in v e s tm e n t ,
I n d o n e s ia h a s ju r is d ic t io n t o r u le d b y c o n t in o u s ly c o n s id e r in g t h e n a t io n a l in t e r e s t .
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yet