George Quinn Uli Kozok

  The Indonesian Way Module 3 – Daily Routine

  George Quinn & Uli Kozok

  3

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  Date of Last Revision: 26 March 2015

  The development of “The Indonesian Way” was sponsored by grant P017A090375-10 from the US Department of Education, International Research and Studies Program. The development of the print version was made possible by a grant received from the University of Tasmania.

  Module 3 Daily Routine

  The main aim of Module 3 is to provide you with the vocabulary, sentence shells and cultural skills that will enable you to ask and answer questions about the things you usually do each day. The module will also get you started connecting sentences together into extended narratives.

  The module provides the vocabulary you will need to talk about daily activities. There is special emphasis on developing your command of verbs. You will learn how to use a number of common verbs with ber- and me- prefixes. You will learn the names of the days of the week and how to tell the time of day. You will also get more practice in expressing opinions and preferences, and you will learn to give responses to the questions “why?” and “who?”

  There are a number of role plays in the module, all of which help you to speak with increasing fluency about everyday activities. The culminating role play revolves around an important institu- tion in Indonesian society, the Idul Fitri celebrations at the conclusion of the Muslim fasting month. You will be able to talk confidently, and at length, about what people usually do in the course of the day during Idul Fitri.

  Lesson 32

  Aims • To learn how to tell the time.

  Vocabulary Review

  Here are some of the frequent words used in this lesson that have ap- _{Foto: Jam Gadang di Bukittinggi, Sumatra Barat. © Eko Prianto} peared in previous lessons. Make sure that you remember their meanings. berjalan-jalan to walk around pagi morning bertanya to ask pegawai employee di antara between siang noon keluar to get out sore afternoon malam night

  “O’clock”

  There are two words commonly used in Indonesian to mark the times of the day. They are jam and pukul. They appear in front of the time expression. For example:

  Jam empat

  Four o’clock

  Pukul sepuluh

  Ten o’clock

  Both pukul and jam are widely used throughout Indonesia. Of the two terms, pukul is slightly more formal than jam. In The Indonesian

  Way we shall mostly use jam, but you should practise (and expect to hear) pukul as well.

  Jam is not exactly the same as the English “o’clock”. “O’clock” is only used in English to mark

  the hours and not the divisions of an hour. We say “two o’clock” but not “two thirty o’clock” or “half past two o’clock”. But in Indonesian jam is placed in front of all expressions of the time of day.

  To indicate “past” in the sense “minutes past the hour” most Indonesians use lewat (some also use lebih, but let’s stick to the more common lewat for the moment). Thus:

  Lesson 32 Jam dua lewat lima

  Five past two

  Jam sebelas lewat sepuluh

  Ten past eleven

  To indicate “to” in the sense “minutes to/before the hour” you count back from the hour using

  kurang (literally “less” or “minus”). Thus:

  Jam tiga kurang lima

  Five to three

  (literally “three o’clock minus five”) Jam empat kurang dua puluh

  Twenty to four

  The word for “quarter” is seperempat (derived from the number empat). So you can say: Jam satu lewat seperempat

  A quarter past one

  Jam enam kurang seperempat

  A quarter to six

  Notice the di fferent order of the components in these expressions compared with the order of the components in English.

  Now comes the hard part. In order to express the notion of “half past the hour” you have to re- orient your mind a little. There is no “half past” in Indonesian, but only “half before”. You place the word for “half” (setengah) in front of the number indicating the following hour. For example:

  Half past one

  Jam setengah dua (literally “half two o’clock”)

  Half past twelve

  Jam setengah satu

  Finally, expressions of time can be made somewhat more precise by adding the terms for “in the morning”, “in the afternoon”, “in the late afternoon” and “at night”. Of course, you have to al- ways bear in mind that Indonesian doesn’t have exact equivalents for these English terms. As you learned in Lesson 1 pagi, siang and sore cover di

  fferent hours of the day compared to the corres- ponding English terms. Study these examples: Jam dua belas siang

  Twelve noon

  Jam setengah lima sore

  Four thirty in the afternoon

  Jam satu lewat seperempat siang

  A quarter past one in the afternoon

  Jam delapan kurang seperempat pagi

  A quarter to eight in the morning

  Lesson 32 Jam sepuluh malam

  Ten o’clock at night

  Jam dua belas tengah malam

  Twelve o’clock midnight Jam setengah delapan pagi. Half past seven in the morning Cara Indonesia: Telling the Time the Indonesian Way

  As you can see from the examples above, because of the di fferent order of components in expressions of time, because of the “peculiar” way of saying “half past”, and because of the somewhat di

  fferent way Indonesians divide up the day, telling the time in Indonesian can be a bit of a headache at first for English speak- ers. You certainly have to concentrate hard to master these expressions and make them come automatically. It will probably be no comfort to know that there are at least two other domains of di

  fficulty that you will have to wrestle with (though not right now). First, as you saw above, you can use the terms lewat and kurang as equivalents of “past” and

  “to/before” together with the number indicating the hour concerned. But in everyday usage lewat and kurang are also quite normally and automatically linked with the expression for “half past”. Thus the normal way of saying “twenty to four”, for example, is jam setengah empat lewat sepu-

  luh,

  literally “a half before four plus ten”. And “twenty-five past twelve” is quite normally ex- pressed as jam setengah satu kurang lima , literally “a half before one, minus five”.

  Another complicating factor is the much greater use Indonesians make of the twenty-four hour clock. So instead of saying, for example, jam lima sore (“five o’clock in the afternoon”) it is quite common to read, and even hear people say, jam tujuh belas (“seventeen o’clock”)

  By the way, the Indonesian way of saying “half past” is derived from continental European us- age, in particular that of the Dutch. In Dutch you say half acht – literally “half eight” – where in English we would say “half past seven”. To add a final complicating twist, in Malaysia (which, un- like Indonesia, used to be ruled by the British) the Dutch-derived way of saying “half past” is un- known. In Malaysia they use an English-influenced way of telling the time. So “half past three” in Malaysia is pukul tiga setengah, not pukul setengah empat as it would be in Indonesia.

  More on lewat and kurang

  In this lesson you have learned using kurang and lewat as indicators of time in the meaning “less” and “past”

  You already encountered kurang in Lessons 11 and 18 in the meanings “insu fficient”, “not enough”, and “too little”: Ini kurang bagus (This is not good enough), Uang saya kurang (I don’t have enough money), Anak itu makan kurang (That child eats too little), Kurang dana (Insu

  fficient funds). Besides indicating “past” in time, lewat also means “to pass by”: Nanti kita lewat pabrik roti

  (Later we will pass the bread factory), and also “by way of”, “through” and “via”: Saya ke Jakarta lewat Bandung (I go to Jakarta via Bandung).

  Lesson 32

Exercise 32-01

  1. Jam sebelas

  07.05

  06.15

  4. Jakarta Mandala

  06.45

  5. Jakarta Wings Air

  06.55

  6. Denpasar Garuda

  7. Surabaya Lion Air

  06.05

  07.30

  8. Surabaya Wings Air

  10.35

  9. Balikpapan Mandala

  11.10

  10. Balikpapan Garuda

  11.25

  3. Jakarta Batavia Air

  2. Jakarta Merpati

  2. Jam tiga kurang dua puluh

  9. Jam tujuh kurang seperempat

  3. Jam setengah tujuh

  4. Jam sepuluh lewat dua puluh

  5. Jam depalan kurang lima

  6. Jam setengah empat kurang lima

  7. Jam enam

  8. Jam setengah satu

  10. Jam setengah sembilan

  What are these times? Example: Jam tiga lewat seperempat. You write: 03.15 (Note that in Indonesia you separate the hours from the minutes by using a point, not a colon.)

  Exercise 32-02

  Here are some of the regular morning flights out of Adisucipto Airport at Yogyakarta. In the righthand column, write out each departure time in words in Indonesian. Begin each answer with

  Jam or Pukul . Check the initial example first.

  Tujuan Penerbangan Berangkat Write out the time in words

  Denpasar Lion Air

  05.45 Jam enam kurang seperempat

  1. Denpasar Garuda

  06.00

  Lesson 32

  Boleh Tertawa, Boleh Juga Tidak (Laugh if you want to, but you don’t have to)

  Orang Skotlandia Mau Berjalan-Jalan

  Alastair McAlastair berkunjung ke kota Glasgow. Sesudah check in di hotel, dia ber- tanya kepada pegawai hotel: “Maaf, jam berapa orang dapat makan di hotel ini?” “Makan?” kata pegawai. “Anda boleh makan pagi dari jam tujuh sampai jam sebelas. Makan siang dari jam sebelas sampai jam tiga siang. Minum teh di antara jam tiga siang dan jam enam sore. Makan malam dari jam enam sore sampai jam sebelas malam.”

  “Aduh!” kata Alastair McAlastair. “Kalau begitu, saya tidak dapat melihat kota ini! Saya harus tinggal di hotel! Jam berapa saya dapat keluar untuk berjalan-jalan!?”

  Adapted from “Tentang Orang Skotlandia” in Matra no. 74, September 1992, page 95

Cara Indonesia: Breakfast, Lunch, and Dinner

  Indonesians typically eat three times a day. Breakfast is usually called sarapan, but sometimes also makan pagi. In- donesians typically dine twice a day which is called makan si- ang and makan malam. Lunch is unknown.

  The most typical Indonesian breakfast is nasi goreng (fried rice) prepared from the left-over rice from the previous day. The fried rice is often served with a fried egg. Breakfast time is usually between 6:00 and 9:00. Other very popular break- fast dishes are mi goreng (fried noodles) , lontong sayur, and pecal.

  Dinner dishes are both based on rice with side dishes that al- most always contain sambal (a chilli pepper based dish), kerupuk (crackers), vegetable, and occa- sionally a small piece of fish or meat. If no fresh fish or meat is served, it is usually substituted by dried anchovies (ikan teri

  ) or other salted fish (ikan asin). _{Foto: Lontong sayur served with tauco, rendang, and kerupuk udang (Kozok 2012)}

Latihan 1–Kosa Kata Lalu Jodohkan kata-kata di sebelah kiri dengan terjemahannya di sebelah kanan

  berjalan-jalan between, among bertanya from late morning to mid afternoon di antara late afternoon keluar less, doesn’t really..., not quite

  Lesson 32 kurang morning (until about 11:00) malam night pagi o

  ffice worker, employee pegawai to ask a question siang to go for a walk or stroll sore to go or come out

Latihan 2–Waktu 1 Jodohkan kata-kata di sebelah kiri dengan terjemahannya di sebelah kanan

  1. jam empat

  a. a quarter past one 2. pukul sepuluh

  b. a quarter to six 3. jam dua lewat lima c.

  five past two 4. jam sebelas lewat sepuluh d.

  five to three 5. jam tiga kurang lima

  e. four o’clock 6. jam empat kurang dua puluh

  f. half past one 7. jam satu lewat seperempat

  g. ten o’clock 8. jam enam kurang seperempat

  h. ten past eleven 9. jam setengah dua i. twenty five past twelve

  10. jam setengah satu kurang lima j. twenty to four

Latihan 3–Waktu 2

  1. jam 14.00

  a. jam sebelas lewat lima belas malam 2. jam 23.15

  b. jam sebelas kurang lima siang 3. jam 16.25

  c. jam setengah delapan pagi 4. jam 07.30

  d. jam empat pagi 5. jam 00.05

  e. jam delapan kurang seperempat malam 6. jam 12.55

  f. jam setengah lima kurang lima sore 7. jam 04.00

  g. jam dua belas lewat lima malam 8. jam 19.45

  h. jam satu kurang lima siang 9. jam 10.55 i. jam dua siang

  Lesson 32

  Latihan 4–Waktu 3 Jodohkan gambar jam waktunya.

  Latihan 5 ―Rangkai Kata Urutkan kata-kata berikut menjadi kalimat yang baik sesuai dengan arti:

  1. “Alastair McAlastair is going on a visit to Glasgow city.” Alastair McAlastair ―kota―berkunjung―ke―Glasgow.

  2. “What time will I get to leave to go for a stroll?” Jam

  ―keluar―saya―dapat―untuk―berapa―berjalan-jalan? 3. “You can eat breakfast from 7 o’clock until 11 o’clock in the morning.”

  Anda ―sampai―dari―boleh―jam tujuh―jam sebelas―sarapan―siang.

  Lesson 32

  Latihan 6 ―Isian Lengkapilah teks berikut sesuai dengan rekaman.

  ―Listen to Sound File 032-01 to fill in the blanks.

  Alastair McAlastair __________ ke kota Glasgow. __________ check in di hotel, dia __________ kepada pegawai hotel: “Maaf, jam berapa orang dapat __________ di hotel ini?” “Makan?” kata __________. “Anda boleh makan __________ dari jam tujuh sampai jam sebelas. Makan siang dari jam sebelas __________ jam tiga siang. Minum teh di __________ jam tiga siang dan jam enam sore. Makan malam dari jam enam sore sampai jam sebelas malam.” “Aduh!” kata Alastair McAlastair. “Kalau __________, saya tidak dapat __________ kota ini! Saya harus tinggal di hotel! Jam berapa saya dapat __________ untuk berjalan- jalan!?”

  Latihan 7 ―Teka-Teki Silang

  Mendatar: 4. o

  ffice worker, employee 6. how much, how many 7. late afternoon 8. city, town 10. to drink 13. past (when telling the time) 14. to go or come out 15. until (a certain time), as far as

  (a certain place) Menurun: 1. to see, to look at 2. must, have to 3. less, isn’t/aren’t really...

  5. late morning to mid afternoon 6. to ask a question 9. may 10. to eat 11. night

  Lesson 33

  Making a Date or Appointment Aims • To learn how to ask about the time of day.

  Here are some of the frequent words used in this lesson that have appeared in previous les- sons. Make sure that you remember their meanings. berkunjung ke... to visit (a place) mungkin maybe bioskop cinema nggak no, not gimana how, what is...like? pasar swalayan supermarket harus must, have to pesawat terbang airplane ikut to join in sampai until juga also sekarang now kembali to return sekeliling around kira-kira approximately teman companion, friend kuliah university lecture tempat place kurang to, before (time) mandi to take a bath

  “What Time?”

  When you ask “what time?” you expect an answer with numbers in it. The Indonesian ques- tion-word that demands or expects a reply in the form of numbers is berapa. “What time?” is jam

  berapa? (some people will say pukul berapa?). For example:

  Jam berapa?

  What time? What’s the time? Jam setengah dua belas. It’s half past eleven.

  Jam berapa sekarang?

  What time is it now? Jam dua. It’s two o’clock

  Jam berapa Anda ke bioskop?

  What time are you going to the cinema? Jam lima kurang seperempat.

  A t a quarter to five. Jam berapa pesawat terbang sampai?

  What time does/did the plane arrive? Kira-kira jam setengah empat lewat lima. About twenty-five to four. (15:35)

  33

Vocabulary Review

  Lesson 33 You can practise generating questions from the following substitutional table. Use it to practise generating questions from it. You will need to insert your own choice of a word wherever there is a line and complete the question in your own word wherever there are dots. ke... makan pagi/ siang/ malam mandi adik Anda berbelanja teman Anda belajar...

  Jam berapa (biasanya) Anda minum ____ di... ? pacar Anda pulang dari... ibu Anda ikut kuliah... naik ____ ke... tidur bertemu dengan...

  If you are asking about a particular time in the near future you can insert akan or mau. ke ... makan pagi/siang/malam mandi adik Anda berbelanja teman Anda akan belajar ...

  Jam berapa Anda mau minum ___ di ... ? pacar Anda pulang dari... ibu Anda ikut kuliah... naik ___ ke... tidur bertemu dengan...

  Sampai

  In Lesson 32 we have encountered the word sampai as a preposition indicating the time or dis- tance within which the action occurs. The meaning of sampai is 'until', 'up to', 'as far as'.

  Dia bekerja sampai jam 8.

  He works until 8 o'clock.

  Dia bekerja di Bandung dari bulan Agustus sampai bulan Oktober.

  He worked in Bandung from August until October.

  Kami berjalan kaki sampai desa Sukamakmur.

  We walked as far as the village of Sukamakmur.

  Lesson 33 Dari Sabang sampai Merauke.

  From Sabang to Merauke.

  Sabang is the westernmost point of Indonesia and Merauke is the easternmost point of In- donesia. “Dari Sabang sampai Merauke” is the title of one of Indonesia's national songs. The dis- tance is 5236 km which is about the same as the distance between Boston and Lisbon, Frankfurt and Kabul, Tokyo and Honolulu, or Melbourne and Jakarta.

  Sampai is also a verb with the meaning “to arrive”: Mereka sampai jam 15.30.

They arrive at 15:30

  Jam berapa pesawat terbang sampai?

  What time does the plane arrive?

  And finally, the preposition sampai is also used in a number of frequent expressions: Sampai nanti!

  See you later!

  Sampai jumpa! Until we meet again! / See you later. Sampai bertemu!

  So long! / Until we meet again! Exercise 33-01

  Make a question using the phrase in italics. Each question should begin with the question phrase jam berapa. Then write an answer to the question. The answer should contain the time that appears after the word jawaban (answer). It should be prefaced with the word jam and written out in full in words. Here is an example:

  Pertanyaan: pulang dari kampus Jawaban: 5.00 sore You write: Jam berapa Anda pulang dari kampus? You write: Jam lima sore.

  1. Pertanyaan: akan makan di...

  6. Pertanyaan: berbelanja di pasar swalayan

  Jawaban: 1.30 siang Jawaban: 2.45 siang

  2. Pertanyaan: mandi

  7. Pertanyaan: tidur biasanya

  Jawaban. 7.15 malam Jawaban : 10.30 malam 3. Pertanyaan: masuk kuliah...

  8. Pertanyaan: kembali ke pusat kota

  Jawaban: 11.00 siang Jawaban: 4.45 sore

  4. Pertanyaan: mau pergi ke rumah teman

  9. Pertanyaan: belajar bahasa Indonesia

  Jawaban: kira-kira 7.30 malam Jawaban: 12 tengah malam 5. Pertanyaan: akan bertemu dengan...

  10. Pertanyaan: berjalan-jalan keliling kampus

  Jawaban: 11.20 siang Jawaban: 7.05 pagi

  Lesson 33

  Making a Date or Appointment

  You have practised accepting or politely parrying an invitation. You can now elaborate on this a little by mentioning a particular hour of the day. Let’s look at two slightly di fferent ways you can ask someone for a date or make an appointment with someone.

  (1) makan dapat bertemu siang

  Apakah saya bisa belajar dengan Anda nanti sore jam ..... ? boleh minum malam bercakap-cakap

  (2) berkunjung ke... bermain tenis dapat berjalan-jalan siang

  Apakah Anda mau berbelanja dengan saya nanti sore jam ......... ? bisa belajar malam boleh makan berlari di lapangan

  Each of these shells can be the beginning point for an extended conversation. Using the lan- guage resources you have already studied you can accept the request / invitation by echoing the key word in the question (dapat, bisa, boleh, mau) then, for example, you can ask di mana? (where?). From this point the conversation can go in a variety of directions. You can also reject the request / invitation, beginning your response with maaf (sorry). Further down there are two ex- amples of how a conversation might develop. As always, first listen to the dialogues very carefully, cover up the Indonesian side with a card and, using the English translation as a prompt, try to re- produce the Indonesian from memory, moving the card down to check that you got the Indone- sian correct.

  Listen carefully to the following examples in

  Sound File 033-01. You can have a look at the translation whenever you find difficult words in the dialogue.

  Dialogue 1

  Apakah saya dapat bertemu dengan Tentu saja. Di mana? Anda nanti sore jam setengah enam?

  Eka Dian

  Bagaimana kalau di Restoran Boga Restoran Boga Ria? Di mana res- Ria? toran itu? Di samping gedung bioskop di Jalan Baik. Restoran Boga Ria itu restoran Sunan Muria, tidak jauh dari terminal apa? bus.

  Restoran Jawa. Makanannya enak O begitu. Saya suka makan ikan. sekali. Apakah Anda juga suka makan ikan?

  Lesson 33 Suka sekali. Tetapi saya lebih suka Apakah saya bisa naik bus ke sana? ayam.

  Bisa. Anda bisa juga berjalan kaki ke sana.

  Translation of Dialogue 1

  Can I meet you this afternoon at half Of course you can. Where? past five?

  Eka Dian

  What about at the Boga Ria The Boga Ria? Where is it? Restaurant? Beside the movie house in Sunan Okay. What kind of restaurant is the Muria Street, not far from the bus Boga Ria? terminal.

  It’s a Javanese restaurant. Its food is Really? I like fish. Do you like fish very nice. too?

  Very much. But I prefer chicken. Can I go there by bus? Yes, you can. You can also walk there.

  You can also refuse a request for a date or decline to make an appointment, in which case you think of an excuse and the dialogue might run something like this:

  Dialogue 2

  Apakah Anda mau berbelanja Wah, maaf. Nanti malam saya harus dengan saya nanti malam jam belajar.

  Eka

  tujuh?

  Dian

  Bagaimana kalau nanti sore jam Nanti sore? Maaf, nanti sore saya setengah lima? ke rumah kakak saya. O begitu. Di mana rumah kakak Jauh dari sini. Anda? Jam berapa Anda pergi ke sana? Maaf, tidak bisa. Saya ke sana Apakah saya boleh ikut? dengan orang tua saya. Mobilnya kecil. Maaf, tidak cukup tempat di mobil itu.

  Translation of Dialogue 2

  Would you like to come shopping Oh, I’m sorry. Tonight I’ve got to with me tonight at seven o’clock? study.

  Eka Dian

  What about this afternoon at half This afternoon? Sorry, I’m going to past four? my elder sister’s place.

  Lesson 33 Oh, I see. Where is your sister’s A long way from here. house? What time are you going there? Can I’m sorry, that’s not possible. I’m I come along? going with my parents. Their car is small. I’m sorry, but there’s not enough space in the car.

  Exercise 33-02

  Taking either of the two dialogues you have just studied as your beginning point, rewrite the dialogue changing the times, places and activities, but retaining the general shell of the dialogue. For example, if you take the second dialogue as your shell, your dialogue might begin:

  Apakah Anda mau makan dengan saya nanti siang jam satu? Wah, maaf. Tidak mungkin. Nanti siang ada kuliah.

Role Play: Making a Date / Appointment

  Taking the two questions on the previous exercise as your beginning points and using the model dialogues that follow (but varying them), conduct a role play with your teacher/tutor or with a classmate in which a possible date or appointment is discussed. Try as hard as you can to give the conversation extra life and variation by incorporating into it any of the language resources you have studied in previous lessons.

  In real life, conversations tend to meander and to be repetitive. Take advantage of this as you talk about making a date or appointment. Using the resources of Module 1, ask where someone comes from, ask about transport arrangements, ask for precise information about the location of a place, talk about food and drink etc. Using the resources of Module 2 ask about someone’s family, talk about someone’s house, wander o

  ff on a tangent and ask about the price of some- thing. In short, flesh out your conversation with every resource of vocabulary, idiom and situation that you have studied so far, while always keeping in mind that ultimately the conversation is about making a date or appointment.

  A “Street-Language” Variant of the Model Dialogue

  You can also make an appointment or date using the lively, pithy language of in- formal interaction. Here is an example that parallels the formal, standard dialogue you have been studying. What you read below is Javanese-style colloquial Indonesian. You might hear something like it in the streets of Semarang or Yogyakarta in Central Java, but probably not in the streets of Kupang (Timor) or Medan (Sumatra). Remem- ber too, that the speakers are young – older people would not normally talk like this.

  Listen to the dialogue first from Sound File 033-03, savouring the differences between it and the more formal version you studied earlier in the lesson.

  Lesson 33 Ketemu nanti sore yuk, setengah enam! Oke. Di mana? Kalo di Restoran Boga Ria, gimana? Restoran Boga Ria? Di mana sih?

  Tati Nuning

  Samping gedung bioskop, di Sunan Beres. Restoran apaan sih Boga Ria? Muria, nggak jauh dari terminal bis. Jawa punya. Makanannya lumayan. O gitu. Aku doyan ikan. Kamu juga doyan? Doyan banget. Tapi aku lebih suka ayam. Bisa ke sana pake bis? Bisa. Jalan aja ya bisa.

  Now read it through again taking in the notes in the righthand column below. From the notes you will see that colloquial Indonesian can be more colourful, subtle and emotional than the somewhat drier formal variant of the language. But equally you will see how very di

  fficult and elu- sive a really authentic command of colloquial usage can be. It demands, among other things, a confident familiarity with local cultures. And because this kind of language is not much written down, textbooks can only give you the bare basics. Mastery of it demands, above all, a really sharp ear for the way people speak in everyday life in the streets, markets, campuses and street- side eateries of Indonesia.

  ketemu: (a borrowing from Javanese) ketemu is a common collo-

  Ketemu nanti sore yuk, setengah quial variant of bertemu. yuk: a colloquial variant of ayo. enam!

  setengah enam: the marker word for times of the day, jam or pukul, is often dropped in colloquial usage. oke: from English ‘okay’.

  Oke. Di mana?

  kalo: an informal variant of kalau. gimana: an informal variant of

  Kalo di Restoran Boga Ria,

  bagaimana. Gimana may appear in the beginning or at the end of

  gimana? a phrase.

  di mana: colloquial Indonesian tends to be pithy, dropping words

  Restoran Boga Ria? Di mana sih?

  (here restoran itu) where it is clear from preceding parts of the conversation what you are referring to. sih: one of many particles that are common in informal or slangy usage. Sih adds emphasis and colour to a question, often making the question feel more pointed, even adding a note of irritation, bewilderment, puzzlement, surprise or sarcasm.

  Samping gedung bioskop, di Sunan Muria: here the preposition

  Samping gedung bioskop, di di and the marker-word for street addresses jalan are dropped. Sunan Muria, nggak jauh dari nggak: a colloquial substitute for tidak. terminal bis.

  bis: a colloquial substitute for bus. beres

  Beres. Restoran apaan sih Boga : literally “fixed up”, “put right”, “all okay”, “resolved”. Here

  beres is close to the Australian colloquialism “No worries!”

  Ria? apaan: Apaan is a slangy variant of apa meaning “what kind”.

  Apaan adds a note of humorous scepticism or cynicism to the question, especially in combination with the salty particle sih, as if you are being jokingly sarcastic about a restaurant with a preten- tious name like Boga Ria (“Joyous Cuisine”). punya: In colloquial Indonesian punya can be used with nouns,

  Jawa punya. Makanannya

  names and pronouns to express possession. As you have seen, in lumayan. standard Indonesian the possessor follows the thing possessed (rumah Anda “your house”). But in the punya expressions of collo- quial Indonesian the possessor comes before the thing pos- sessed, the sequence being: noun/name/pronoun + punya + the name of the thing possessed. For example Itu saya punya sepeda “That’s my bicycle.” So the phrase Jawa punya means

  Lesson 33

  “Javanese” (i.e. “belonging” to Java) and is probably a pithy con- traction of Jawa punya restoran “a Javanese restaurant.” By the way, this kind of punya structure was probably borrowed into In- donesian from the Malay used by Chinese migrants in the streets of old Batavia. It parallels the possessive structure found in Chinese. lumayan: “not bad”. As in colloquial English, in colloquial Indone- sian there is a tendency to understate something when in fact you are really enthusiastic about it.

  O gitu: a colloquial contraction of O begitu (I see. Really.)

  O gitu. Aku doyan ikan. Kamu

  ya: “also”, “too” (a colloquial substitute for juga) Ya in this sense

  juga doyan?

  almost always comes after the subject of a sentence, never at the end of a phrase or sentence. doyan: a borrowing from Javanese) “to like something (especially certain foods)”, “to have a taste for” banget: from Jakarta-Malay “very”, “very much”

  Doyan banget. Tapi aku lebih suka tapi: a colloquial contraction of tetapi. ayam.

  aku: an informal and intimate substitute for saya. bisa: a mildly informal equivalent of dapat. pake: is an informal

  Bisa ke sana pake bis?

  variant of pakai (to use, to wear) as a slangy counterpart of naik meaning “by (a certain mode of transport).” jalan: a colloquial contraction of berjalan kaki (to walk, to go on Bisa. Jalan aja ya bisa. foot). aja: a colloquial contraction of saja (just, simply). Jalan aja ya bisa: Literally “Walk just also can.” (You can also simply walk). The pronoun kamu (you) has been dropped and the order of words is quite di

  fferent from the formal usage you stud- ied in the model dialogue earlier in this lesson.

  Now practise this exchange with a (preferably youthful) partner, imagining the relaxed, spon- taneous circumstances in which the two of you might be meeting and talking.

Latihan 1—Menjodohkan Jodohkanlah kata di sebelah kiri dengan terjemahannya di sebelah kanan

  berkunjung approximately nggak airplane bioskop to take a bath pasar swalayan around gimana must, have to pesawat friend harus cinema sampai no, not (coll.) ikut possibly, maybe sekarang supermarket kembali to join in, follow sekeliling place kira-kira to return teman now mandi how? (coll.) tempat to sleep mungkin to visit tidur until, to arrive

  Lesson 33

  Latihan 2—Menjodohkan Jodohkan kalimat di sebelah kiri dengan terjemahannya di sebelah kanan

  1. Jam berapa? a. It’s two o’clock.

  2. Jam setengah dua belas.

  b. What time is it now?

  3. Jam berapa sekarang?

  c. At what time? 4. Jam dua.

  d. It’s half past eleven.

  5. Jam berapa Anda ke bioskop? e.

About three thirty-five

  6. Saya ke bioskop jam lima kurang

  f. What time does the plane arrive? seperempat.

  7. Jam berapa pesawat terbang

  g. What time are you going to the sampai? cinema?

  8. Kira-kira jam setengah empat le-

  h. I’m going to the cinema at a wat lima. quarter to five.

  Latihan 3—Menyimak: Pemahaman Listen to Sound File 033-01 to answer the following questions: 1. Eka and Dian are...

  A. close friends

  B. dating each other

  C. married

  D. know each other only vaguely

  2. Is the following statement true or false?: “Eka wants to meet Dian at 18:30”

  A. True

  B. False

  3. Is the following statement true or false?: “Dian agrees with the proposed time.”

  A. True

  B. False

  4. Dian knows the address of the restaurant. The restaurant is located:

  A. opposite a cinema

  B. in close proximity to a bus terminal

  C. on Jalan Sunan Muria

  D. quite far from the bus terminal

  E. in the same building where the cinema is

  F. in the Sunan Muria building

  5. When someone asks “rumah makan Andalas itu restoran apa?” then the possible match- ing answer is: A. Rumah makan Padang

  B. enak sekali makanannya

  C. rumah makan itu mahal sekali

  D. cukup besar

  Lesson 33

  B. False 9. Instead of berjalan kaki one can also say naik kaki.

  Dian Apakah saya ___________ naik bus ke sana? Eka Bisa. Anda bisa juga ___________ kaki ke sana.

  Dian O begitu. Saya ___________ makan ikan. Apakah Anda juga suka makan ___________? Eka Suka sekali. Tetapi saya lebih suka ayam.

  Dian Baik. Restoran Boga Ria itu restoran apa? Eka Restoran Jawa. Makanannya enak ___________.

  Eka Apakah saya dapat ___________ ___________ Anda nanti sore jam setengah enam? Dian Tentu saja. Di mana? Eka Bagaimana kalau di Restoran Boga Ria? Dian Restoran Boga Ria? Di mana restoran itu? Eka Di samping ___________ bioskop di Jalan Sunan Muria, tidak jauh dari terminal bus.

  B. False

  A. True

  A. True

  6. What does Dian like to eat?

  7. What phrase does Eka use to say that he prefers chicken? 8. Instead of naik bus one can also say berjalan bus.

  E. she is vegetarian

  fish

  C. pork D.

  B. beef

  A. chicken

Latihan 4—Invitation Accepted Dengarkan Rekaman 033-01 dan lengkapi teks berikut dengan memilih kata yang tepat

  Lesson 33

Latihan 5—Invitation Refused Dengarkan Rekaman 033-02 dan lengkapi teks berikut dengan memilih kata yang tepat

  Eka Apakah Anda mau __________ __________ saya nanti malam jam tujuh? Dian Wah, maaf. Nanti malam saya __________ belajar. Eka Bagaimana kalau nanti sore jam setengah lima? Dian Nanti sore? Maaf, nanti __________ saya ke __________ kakak saya. Eka O begitu. Di mana rumah kakak Anda? Dian Jauh __________ sini. Eka Jam berapa Anda __________ ke sana? Apakah saya boleh ikut? Dian Maaf, tidak bisa. Saya ke sana dengan orang tua saya. Mobilnya kecil. Maaf, tidak __________ tempat di mobil itu.

Latihan 6—Informal Style Dengarkan Rekaman 033-03 dan lengkapi teks berikut dengan memilih kata yang tepat

  Tati __________ nanti sore yuk, setengah enam! Nuning Oke. Di mana? Tati Kalo di Restoran Boga Ria, gimana? Nuning Restoran Boga Ria? Di mana sih? Tati __________ gedung bioskop, di Sunan Muria, __________ jauh dari terminal bis.

  Nuning Beres. Restoran __________ sih Boga Ria? Tati Jawa punya. Makanannya __________. Nuning O gitu. Aku __________ ikan. Kamu juga __________? Tati Doyan __________. Tapi aku lebih suka __________. Nuning Bisa ke sana __________ bis? Tati Bisa. Jalan __________ juga bisa.

  Lesson 33

  Latihan 7—Rangkai Kata Urutkan kata-kata berikut ini menjadi kalimat yang baik sesuai dengan arti:

  1. “What time are you going to the cinema?” Jam—ke—berapa—Anda—bioskop? 2.

  “I’m going to the cinema at a quarter to five.” Saya—jam—kurang—ke—lima—bioskop—seperempat. 3. “What time does/did the plane arrive?”

  Jam—terbang—berapa—pesawat—sampai? 4. “About three thirty-five.” Kira-kira—jam—lewat—empat—setengah—lima.

Latihan 8—Jodohkan: Informal Indonesian 1. This term is a common colloquial variant of bertemu

  a. apaan

  2. A colloquial variant of ayo b. gimana 3. The informal speech used to say “all okay” or “no worries”.

  c. sih 4. An informal variant of bagaimana. d. ketemu 5. A slangy particle that adds emphasis and colour to a question.

  e. nggak 6. A colloquial substitute for tidak. f. lumayan 7. A slangy variant of apa meaning ’what kind’.

  g. punya 8. Can be used with nouns, names and pronouns to express possession.

  h. yuk

  9. Used to express: “fair”, “reasonable”, “quite okay”, or “not bad” i. beres

  Lesson 33

  Latihan 9—Teka-Teki Silang Mendatar: 1. companion, friend 3. to eat, to have a meal 6. to go shopping 7. you’re welcome 9. an informal variant of bagaimana

  11. must, have to 13. cinema 16. to drink 17.

  field, ground, open space 18. to sleep, to go to bed 19. to play 20. around, all around Menurun: 2. an informal variant of tidak 4. to study at a university 5. to run 6. to meet 8. possibly, maybe 10. place, location 12. until, as far as, up to 14. now 15. to go or come along, to join in

  Lesson 34

  34 “Who Do You Go Shopping With?”

  Aims

• To practice talking about what you do at certain times of the day, and with whom.

  Vocabulary Review

  Here are some of the frequent words used in this lesson that have appeared in previous lessons. Make sure that you remember their

  Berbelanja di Pasar Ikan (Pantai Depok) © Yan Arief meanings.

  ayah father bertemu to meet belajar to study dengan with berbelanja to go shopping lapangan

  field angkot mini bus pulang to go home bercakap-cakap to chat berangkat to depart In the morning / afternoon etc.

  You first met the word pada back in Lesson 20. It is a preposition with several different functions and meanings. It is often used in front of expressions for units of time like “day”, “year” etc. In these cases is translatable with the English words “on”, “at” and “in” depending on context. You have also already met the terms pagi, siang, sore and malam. You can squeeze more work out of these words by “book-ending” them with pada and hari (day). Study these phrases. pada pagi hari pada siang hari

  in the morning in the late morning to mid afternoon

  pada sore hari pada malam hari

  in the late afternoon at night

  pada jam 16:00 pada bulan Oktober

  at four o'clock in October

  Lesson 34 These phrases with ...hari usually appear at the beginning or at the end of a sentence. Using them you can make sentences like these.

  Biasanya saya pergi ke kampus pada pagi hari.

  I usually go to the campus in the morning.

  Pada malam hari kadang-kadang saya belajar di perpustakaan.

  At night I sometimes study in the library.

  Pada sore hari saya suka minum kopi di ruang keluarga.

In the late afternoon I like to drink co ffee in the sitting room

  These phrases do not relate to a specific day, but they describe what you usually do (or where you are etc) at a certain part of the day. They hence di ffer considerably from nanti siang, nanti

  

sore, and nanti malam that you learned in Lesson 33 which all relate to single events occurring at

  the present day: Nanti siang saya masuk kantor.

At around noon (roughly between 10 and 14:00) I will go to my o ffice

  Nanti malam saya berangkat ke Jakarta.

  Tonight I am leaving for Jakarta.

  Dengan (with, together with) can help you describe who you do things with. Study this substi-

  tution table. Use the vocabulary you already know to add more items to the columns in the latter part of the sentence. For example, in the verb column you could mention activities like makan,

  

duduk, minum etc., and instead of the last two columns you could substitute the names of real

people you know.

  berjalan-jalan anak saya. pagi hari bercakap-cakap ayah saya. siang hari (kadang-kadang) bertemu ibu saya. Pada sore hari (biasanya) saya belajar dengan pacar saya. malam hari berbelanja teman saya. bermain tenis suami saya. bermain musik adik saya.

  “With whom?”