Pragmatic Competence In Compliment Response Strategies In English
PRAGMATIC COMPETENCE IN COMPLIMENT RESPONSE
STRATEGIES IN ENGLISH
A THESIS
By:
ARIEF MUADZ
147052017/MBE
POSTGRADUTE PROGRAM
FACULTY OF CULTURAL SCIENCES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN
2017
i
Universitas Sumatera Utara
PRAGMATIC COMPETENCE IN COMPLIMENT RESPONSE
STRATEGIES IN ENGLISH
A THESIS
Submitted as the Partial Fulfillment of Requirement for the Degree of
Master of Arts (M.A.) in English Postgraduate Study Program, Faculty of
Cultural Sciences, University of Sumatera Utara
By:
ARIEF MUADZ
147052017/MBE
FACULTY OF CULTURAL SCIENCES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN
2017
ii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Title of Thesis
:
Pragmatic Competence In Compliment
Response Strategies In English
Name
:
Arief Muadz
Reg. Number
:
147052017
Study Program
:
English Postgraduate
Approved by
Adviser Commission
(Prof. Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A.)
Adviser I
(Dr. Ridwan Hanafiah, S.H., M.A.)
Adviser II
Head of
English Postgraduate Program
Dean of
Faculty of Cultural Sciences
(Dr. Ridwan Hanafiah, S.H., M.A.)
(Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S.)
Passing Date
: 29th July 2017
iii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Has been examined on
Date
: 29th July 2017
Board of Examiners :
Chief
: Prof. Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A.
(…………………….)
Members
: Dr. Ridwan Hanafiah, S.H., M.A.
(…………………….)
Dr. Eddy Setia, M.Ed.TESP.
(…………………….)
Dr. Drs. Umar Mono, Dipl. Trans, M.Hum. (…………………….)
Dr. T. Thyrhaya Zein Sinar, M.A.
(…………………….)
iv
Universitas Sumatera Utara
DECLARATION
PRAGMATIC COMPETENCE IN COMPLIMENT RESPONSE
STRATEGIES IN ENGLISH
I certify that the thesis I wrote as one of the requirements to obtain the
degree of Master of Arts from English Postgraduate Study Program, Faculty of
Cultural Sciences, University of Sumatera Utara, is exactly my own work.
I certify that I clearly mentioned the reference of the citations I used in
some specific parts of this thesis based on norm, rule, and etiquette of the
technique of a scientific writing.
I certify, in the future, that I am willing to accept the sanction of the
renovation of my academic degree which I receive and other sanction in
accordance with the prevailing laws and regulations, provided some parts or all
parts of this thesis are invented not to be my own work or to commit plagiarism.
Medan, July 2017
The Writer
Arief Muadz
v
Universitas Sumatera Utara
PRAGMATIC COMPETENCE IN COMPLIMENT RESPONSE
STRATEGIES IN ENGLISH
ABSTRACT
Compliment responses are one of speech act types in pragmatic study that deals
with the compliment given by the complimenter to the hearer in order to maintain
good communication. This study analyzed the pragmatic competence in
responding compliment particularly among English Department Students, Faculty
of Cultural Sciences, University of Sumatera Utara. The objective of this study are
to find out what strategies are applied by the students in responding to the
compliment in English, to describe the problems that students encounter in
responding to compliment in English, and to explain why the problems occur in
responding to compliment in English. This study engaged with a qualitative
descriptive approach. The data in this study are 40 results of compliment
responses from English Department students which involves of eight discourse
situations were given by different interlocutors that dealt with relationship
between interlocutors. This study used a Discourse Completion Task (DCT)
questionnaire. The social factors is the most dominant problem in this study. The
reason for the frequency of this response is due to the lack of the grammatical
abilities.
Keywords : Pragmatic competence, Compliment response, Strategies,
Interlucutors, Social factor.
i
Universitas Sumatera Utara
KOMPETENSI PRAGMATIK DALAM STRATEGI MERESPON PUJIAN
DIDALAM BAHASA INGGRIS
ABSTRAK
Tanggapan terhadap pujian adalah salah satu jenis tindak tutur dalam studi
pragmatik yang berhubungan dengan pujian yang diberikan oleh pemberi pujian
kepada pendengar untuk menjaga komunikasi yang baik. Penelitian ini
menganalisis kompetensi pragmatik di kalangan mahasiswa Jurusan Bahasa
Inggris, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Sumatera Utara. Tujuan dari
penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan strategi yang diterapkan oleh mahasiswa
dalam merespon pujian didalam bahasa Inggris, mendeskripsikan masalah yang
dihadapi oleh mahasiswa dalam merespon pujian didalam bahasa Inggris, dan
menjelaskan penyebab mengapa terdapat masalah dalam merespon pujian oleh
mahasiswa didalam bahasa Inggris. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan
deskriptif kualitatif. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah 40 hasil tanggapan
mahasiswa yang melibatkan delapan situasi wacana yang diberikan oleh lawan
bicara yang berbeda dan memiliki hubungan antara lawan bicara. Penelitian ini
menggunakan kuesioner Tugas Penyelesaian Wacana. Mahasiswa laki-laki
cenderung menerima pujian. Kualitas kemampuan gramatikal adalah alasan
untuk frekuensi respon tersebut.
Kata kunci: Kompetensi Pragmatik, Respon Pujian, Strategi, lawan bicara,
Faktor Sosial.
ii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Alhamdulillah, all praises to Allah SWT. The Almighty god, for the
blessing and guidances to writer in finishing this thesis. Shalawat and Salam to the
Prophet Muhammad SAW, the most inspiring person around the world.
In doing this thesis, it is imposible to finish it without any contributions,
helps, suggestions, comments, and motivation from many poeple. And in this
valuable chance, the writer would like to give the sincerest gratitude and great
appreciation to:
1.
Prof. Dr. Runtung Sitepu, S.H, M.Hum. as The Rector of University of
Sumatera Utara.
2.
Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S. as The Dean of Faculty of Cultural Sciences.
3.
Dr. Ridwan Hanafiah, S.H, M.A. as The Head of English Postgraduate
Program, and Dr. Drs. Umar Mono, Dipl.Trans, M.Hum. as The Secretary
of English Postgraduate Program, for their continuous encouragement and
kindly advice throughout the writer study.
4.
Prof. Dr, Syahron Lubis, M.A. and Dr. Ridwan Hanafiah, S.H., M.A. as the
writer supervisors, for their warm support, inspiration, and thoughtful
guidance for this thesis.
5.
Dr. Eddy Setia, M.Ed.TESP., Dr. T. Thyrhaya Zein Sinar, M.A. and Dr. Drs.
Umar Mono, Dipl.Trans, M.Hum. as The thesis examiner, for thier
constructive criticism and advice to improvement of this thesis.
iii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
6.
All lecturers who have shared their knowledge during studying in English
Postgradute Program, especially for Dr. Eddy Setia, M.Ed.TESP. for
providing the books for references.
7.
Adri Wiyanni Ridwan, S.S as the staff of English Postgraduate Program for
her contribution in accomplishing the administration.
8.
Drs. H. Mu‟adz Vohry, MM. and Hj. Rasyidah, S.Pdi. as my parents for
their patience, understanding, and support throughout the writer academic
career. And especially, Ledy Astantia for her continuous support, patience,
and love.
9.
My classmates in English Postgraduate Program, Syarah Aisha, Sri Utari,
and Endah for became the writer friends in this process. Especially for
Saidatul Hanim and Siti Nurhayati for their helps and supports, the writer
could not have done this thesis without you.
Constructive suggestion and revised correction are really needed for this
thesis. However, the writer hopes that this thesis can be used by everyone who
concern to Pragmatic in the future time.
Medan, July 2017
Arief Muadz
iv
Universitas Sumatera Utara
CURRICULUM VITAE
Personal Data
Name
: A‟rief Mu‟adz
Place, Date of Birth
: Medan, 19th Januari 1990
Gender
: Male
Religion
: Islam
Nationality
: Indonesia
Address
: Jl. Harapan Pasti Timur
gg. Ritonga No. 25B. Medan
Phone Number
: 0821 6585 2013
Email
: arief.muadz@gmail.com
Academical Background
1. 2008 – 2012
Bachelor of English Education Program (S.Pd.) of Faculty of Teacher‟s
training and Education Muhammadiyah University of Sumatera Utara.
2. 2015 – 2017
Master of Arts in English (M.A.) Faculty of Cultural Sciences University
of Sumatera Utara.
v
Universitas Sumatera Utara
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... i
ABSTRAK ..................................................................................................... ii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ............................................................................... iii
CURRICULUM VITAE ............................................................................... v
TABEL OF CONTENTS .............................................................................. vi
LIST OF TABLE ........................................................................................... ix
LIST OF FIGURE ......................................................................................... x
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ....................................................................... xi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ................................................................
1
1.1 Background of Study .......................................................
1
1.2. Problems of study ............................................................
4
1.3. Objectives of study ..........................................................
5
1.4. Scope of study .................................................................
5
1.5. Significances of study......................................................
5
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERTURE ...............................................
7
2.1. Previous Relevant Studies ...............................................
7
2.2. Speech Act Theory ..........................................................
9
2.3. Pragmatic Competence ....................................................
11
2.4. Pragmatic and Politeness ................................................
16
2.5. Discourse Completion Task ...........................................
19
2.6. Compliment Response .....................................................
20
2.6.1. Compliment response strategies ............................
23
vi
Universitas Sumatera Utara
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY .....................................
26
3.1. Research Design ..............................................................
26
3.2. Subjects of study..............................................................
27
3.3. Source of data and data....................................................
27
3.4. Technique of Collecting Data..........................................
29
3.5. Technique of Data Analysis ............................................
29
CHAPTER IV DATA ANALYSIS, FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ....
31
4.1. Data Analysis ...................................................................
31
4.1.1. Compliment response use by interlocutors ...........
31
4.1.2. Compliment response strategy use by gender .......
42
4.1.3. Compliment response use by age ..........................
44
4.2. Sosial Factors...................................................................
45
4.2.1. Age ........................................................................
46
4.2.2. Gender ...................................................................
46
4.2.3. Level of power.......................................................
47
4.2.4. Familiarity. ............................................................
48
4.3. Compliment response types .............................................
48
4.3.1. Acknowledgments .................................................
48
4.3.2. Upgrade/Agreement ..............................................
49
4.3.3. Explanation............................................................
50
4.3.4. Refusal/Downgrade ...............................................
50
4.3.5. Return Compliment ...............................................
50
4.3.6. Insults ....................................................................
51
4.3.7. Questioning of Compliment ..................................
51
vii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
4.3.8. Change Topic ........................................................
51
4.4.Research Findings ............................................................
52
4.5. Discussion........................................................................
54
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ...............................
58
5.1.Conclusion ........................................................................
58
5.2. Suggestion .......................................................................
60
REFERENCES .............................................................................................
61
APPENDICES
viii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
LIST OF TABLES
No.
Tittle
Page
Table 3.1. Gender of Participants...................................................................
27
Table 3.2. Collage Year Participants..............................................................
28
Table 3.3. Age of Participants ........................................................................
28
Table 4.1. Compliment Response Strategy used with a lecturer ...................
32
Table 4.2. Compliment Response Strategy with student of the
opposite gender ..........................................................................
33
Table 4.3. Compliment Response Strategy use with an elderly friend .........
35
Table 4.4. Compliment Response strategy use with a close friend
of the same gender.......................................................................
36
Table 4.5. Compliment Response strategy use with a co-worker .................
37
Table 4.6. Compliment Response strategy use with a young child ..............
39
Table 4.7. Compliment Response use with a foreign exhange student
of the same gender ......................................................................
40
Table 8.8. Compliment Response strategy use with a stranger .....................
41
ix
Universitas Sumatera Utara
LIST OF FIGURE
No.
Tittle
Page
Figure 2.1. Flow Chart of Theoretical Framework .......................................
25
x
Universitas Sumatera Utara
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
DCT
= Discourse Completion Task
CR
= Compliment Response
L1
= Fisrt Language
L2
= Second Language
ESL
= English as a Second Langauge
ILP
= Interlanguage Pragmatic
xi
Universitas Sumatera Utara
STRATEGIES IN ENGLISH
A THESIS
By:
ARIEF MUADZ
147052017/MBE
POSTGRADUTE PROGRAM
FACULTY OF CULTURAL SCIENCES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN
2017
i
Universitas Sumatera Utara
PRAGMATIC COMPETENCE IN COMPLIMENT RESPONSE
STRATEGIES IN ENGLISH
A THESIS
Submitted as the Partial Fulfillment of Requirement for the Degree of
Master of Arts (M.A.) in English Postgraduate Study Program, Faculty of
Cultural Sciences, University of Sumatera Utara
By:
ARIEF MUADZ
147052017/MBE
FACULTY OF CULTURAL SCIENCES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN
2017
ii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Title of Thesis
:
Pragmatic Competence In Compliment
Response Strategies In English
Name
:
Arief Muadz
Reg. Number
:
147052017
Study Program
:
English Postgraduate
Approved by
Adviser Commission
(Prof. Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A.)
Adviser I
(Dr. Ridwan Hanafiah, S.H., M.A.)
Adviser II
Head of
English Postgraduate Program
Dean of
Faculty of Cultural Sciences
(Dr. Ridwan Hanafiah, S.H., M.A.)
(Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S.)
Passing Date
: 29th July 2017
iii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Has been examined on
Date
: 29th July 2017
Board of Examiners :
Chief
: Prof. Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A.
(…………………….)
Members
: Dr. Ridwan Hanafiah, S.H., M.A.
(…………………….)
Dr. Eddy Setia, M.Ed.TESP.
(…………………….)
Dr. Drs. Umar Mono, Dipl. Trans, M.Hum. (…………………….)
Dr. T. Thyrhaya Zein Sinar, M.A.
(…………………….)
iv
Universitas Sumatera Utara
DECLARATION
PRAGMATIC COMPETENCE IN COMPLIMENT RESPONSE
STRATEGIES IN ENGLISH
I certify that the thesis I wrote as one of the requirements to obtain the
degree of Master of Arts from English Postgraduate Study Program, Faculty of
Cultural Sciences, University of Sumatera Utara, is exactly my own work.
I certify that I clearly mentioned the reference of the citations I used in
some specific parts of this thesis based on norm, rule, and etiquette of the
technique of a scientific writing.
I certify, in the future, that I am willing to accept the sanction of the
renovation of my academic degree which I receive and other sanction in
accordance with the prevailing laws and regulations, provided some parts or all
parts of this thesis are invented not to be my own work or to commit plagiarism.
Medan, July 2017
The Writer
Arief Muadz
v
Universitas Sumatera Utara
PRAGMATIC COMPETENCE IN COMPLIMENT RESPONSE
STRATEGIES IN ENGLISH
ABSTRACT
Compliment responses are one of speech act types in pragmatic study that deals
with the compliment given by the complimenter to the hearer in order to maintain
good communication. This study analyzed the pragmatic competence in
responding compliment particularly among English Department Students, Faculty
of Cultural Sciences, University of Sumatera Utara. The objective of this study are
to find out what strategies are applied by the students in responding to the
compliment in English, to describe the problems that students encounter in
responding to compliment in English, and to explain why the problems occur in
responding to compliment in English. This study engaged with a qualitative
descriptive approach. The data in this study are 40 results of compliment
responses from English Department students which involves of eight discourse
situations were given by different interlocutors that dealt with relationship
between interlocutors. This study used a Discourse Completion Task (DCT)
questionnaire. The social factors is the most dominant problem in this study. The
reason for the frequency of this response is due to the lack of the grammatical
abilities.
Keywords : Pragmatic competence, Compliment response, Strategies,
Interlucutors, Social factor.
i
Universitas Sumatera Utara
KOMPETENSI PRAGMATIK DALAM STRATEGI MERESPON PUJIAN
DIDALAM BAHASA INGGRIS
ABSTRAK
Tanggapan terhadap pujian adalah salah satu jenis tindak tutur dalam studi
pragmatik yang berhubungan dengan pujian yang diberikan oleh pemberi pujian
kepada pendengar untuk menjaga komunikasi yang baik. Penelitian ini
menganalisis kompetensi pragmatik di kalangan mahasiswa Jurusan Bahasa
Inggris, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Sumatera Utara. Tujuan dari
penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan strategi yang diterapkan oleh mahasiswa
dalam merespon pujian didalam bahasa Inggris, mendeskripsikan masalah yang
dihadapi oleh mahasiswa dalam merespon pujian didalam bahasa Inggris, dan
menjelaskan penyebab mengapa terdapat masalah dalam merespon pujian oleh
mahasiswa didalam bahasa Inggris. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan
deskriptif kualitatif. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah 40 hasil tanggapan
mahasiswa yang melibatkan delapan situasi wacana yang diberikan oleh lawan
bicara yang berbeda dan memiliki hubungan antara lawan bicara. Penelitian ini
menggunakan kuesioner Tugas Penyelesaian Wacana. Mahasiswa laki-laki
cenderung menerima pujian. Kualitas kemampuan gramatikal adalah alasan
untuk frekuensi respon tersebut.
Kata kunci: Kompetensi Pragmatik, Respon Pujian, Strategi, lawan bicara,
Faktor Sosial.
ii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Alhamdulillah, all praises to Allah SWT. The Almighty god, for the
blessing and guidances to writer in finishing this thesis. Shalawat and Salam to the
Prophet Muhammad SAW, the most inspiring person around the world.
In doing this thesis, it is imposible to finish it without any contributions,
helps, suggestions, comments, and motivation from many poeple. And in this
valuable chance, the writer would like to give the sincerest gratitude and great
appreciation to:
1.
Prof. Dr. Runtung Sitepu, S.H, M.Hum. as The Rector of University of
Sumatera Utara.
2.
Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S. as The Dean of Faculty of Cultural Sciences.
3.
Dr. Ridwan Hanafiah, S.H, M.A. as The Head of English Postgraduate
Program, and Dr. Drs. Umar Mono, Dipl.Trans, M.Hum. as The Secretary
of English Postgraduate Program, for their continuous encouragement and
kindly advice throughout the writer study.
4.
Prof. Dr, Syahron Lubis, M.A. and Dr. Ridwan Hanafiah, S.H., M.A. as the
writer supervisors, for their warm support, inspiration, and thoughtful
guidance for this thesis.
5.
Dr. Eddy Setia, M.Ed.TESP., Dr. T. Thyrhaya Zein Sinar, M.A. and Dr. Drs.
Umar Mono, Dipl.Trans, M.Hum. as The thesis examiner, for thier
constructive criticism and advice to improvement of this thesis.
iii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
6.
All lecturers who have shared their knowledge during studying in English
Postgradute Program, especially for Dr. Eddy Setia, M.Ed.TESP. for
providing the books for references.
7.
Adri Wiyanni Ridwan, S.S as the staff of English Postgraduate Program for
her contribution in accomplishing the administration.
8.
Drs. H. Mu‟adz Vohry, MM. and Hj. Rasyidah, S.Pdi. as my parents for
their patience, understanding, and support throughout the writer academic
career. And especially, Ledy Astantia for her continuous support, patience,
and love.
9.
My classmates in English Postgraduate Program, Syarah Aisha, Sri Utari,
and Endah for became the writer friends in this process. Especially for
Saidatul Hanim and Siti Nurhayati for their helps and supports, the writer
could not have done this thesis without you.
Constructive suggestion and revised correction are really needed for this
thesis. However, the writer hopes that this thesis can be used by everyone who
concern to Pragmatic in the future time.
Medan, July 2017
Arief Muadz
iv
Universitas Sumatera Utara
CURRICULUM VITAE
Personal Data
Name
: A‟rief Mu‟adz
Place, Date of Birth
: Medan, 19th Januari 1990
Gender
: Male
Religion
: Islam
Nationality
: Indonesia
Address
: Jl. Harapan Pasti Timur
gg. Ritonga No. 25B. Medan
Phone Number
: 0821 6585 2013
: arief.muadz@gmail.com
Academical Background
1. 2008 – 2012
Bachelor of English Education Program (S.Pd.) of Faculty of Teacher‟s
training and Education Muhammadiyah University of Sumatera Utara.
2. 2015 – 2017
Master of Arts in English (M.A.) Faculty of Cultural Sciences University
of Sumatera Utara.
v
Universitas Sumatera Utara
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... i
ABSTRAK ..................................................................................................... ii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ............................................................................... iii
CURRICULUM VITAE ............................................................................... v
TABEL OF CONTENTS .............................................................................. vi
LIST OF TABLE ........................................................................................... ix
LIST OF FIGURE ......................................................................................... x
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ....................................................................... xi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ................................................................
1
1.1 Background of Study .......................................................
1
1.2. Problems of study ............................................................
4
1.3. Objectives of study ..........................................................
5
1.4. Scope of study .................................................................
5
1.5. Significances of study......................................................
5
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERTURE ...............................................
7
2.1. Previous Relevant Studies ...............................................
7
2.2. Speech Act Theory ..........................................................
9
2.3. Pragmatic Competence ....................................................
11
2.4. Pragmatic and Politeness ................................................
16
2.5. Discourse Completion Task ...........................................
19
2.6. Compliment Response .....................................................
20
2.6.1. Compliment response strategies ............................
23
vi
Universitas Sumatera Utara
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY .....................................
26
3.1. Research Design ..............................................................
26
3.2. Subjects of study..............................................................
27
3.3. Source of data and data....................................................
27
3.4. Technique of Collecting Data..........................................
29
3.5. Technique of Data Analysis ............................................
29
CHAPTER IV DATA ANALYSIS, FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ....
31
4.1. Data Analysis ...................................................................
31
4.1.1. Compliment response use by interlocutors ...........
31
4.1.2. Compliment response strategy use by gender .......
42
4.1.3. Compliment response use by age ..........................
44
4.2. Sosial Factors...................................................................
45
4.2.1. Age ........................................................................
46
4.2.2. Gender ...................................................................
46
4.2.3. Level of power.......................................................
47
4.2.4. Familiarity. ............................................................
48
4.3. Compliment response types .............................................
48
4.3.1. Acknowledgments .................................................
48
4.3.2. Upgrade/Agreement ..............................................
49
4.3.3. Explanation............................................................
50
4.3.4. Refusal/Downgrade ...............................................
50
4.3.5. Return Compliment ...............................................
50
4.3.6. Insults ....................................................................
51
4.3.7. Questioning of Compliment ..................................
51
vii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
4.3.8. Change Topic ........................................................
51
4.4.Research Findings ............................................................
52
4.5. Discussion........................................................................
54
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ...............................
58
5.1.Conclusion ........................................................................
58
5.2. Suggestion .......................................................................
60
REFERENCES .............................................................................................
61
APPENDICES
viii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
LIST OF TABLES
No.
Tittle
Page
Table 3.1. Gender of Participants...................................................................
27
Table 3.2. Collage Year Participants..............................................................
28
Table 3.3. Age of Participants ........................................................................
28
Table 4.1. Compliment Response Strategy used with a lecturer ...................
32
Table 4.2. Compliment Response Strategy with student of the
opposite gender ..........................................................................
33
Table 4.3. Compliment Response Strategy use with an elderly friend .........
35
Table 4.4. Compliment Response strategy use with a close friend
of the same gender.......................................................................
36
Table 4.5. Compliment Response strategy use with a co-worker .................
37
Table 4.6. Compliment Response strategy use with a young child ..............
39
Table 4.7. Compliment Response use with a foreign exhange student
of the same gender ......................................................................
40
Table 8.8. Compliment Response strategy use with a stranger .....................
41
ix
Universitas Sumatera Utara
LIST OF FIGURE
No.
Tittle
Page
Figure 2.1. Flow Chart of Theoretical Framework .......................................
25
x
Universitas Sumatera Utara
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
DCT
= Discourse Completion Task
CR
= Compliment Response
L1
= Fisrt Language
L2
= Second Language
ESL
= English as a Second Langauge
ILP
= Interlanguage Pragmatic
xi
Universitas Sumatera Utara