Pragmatic Competence In Compliment Response Strategies In English
REFERENCES
Austin, J. L. (1962). How to do things with words. Oxford, England: Oxford
University Press.
Austin,
T. (1998). Cross-cultural pragmatics-building in analysis of
communication across cultures and languages: Examples from Japanese.
Foreign Language Annals, 31, 326-346.
Bergqvist, T. (2009). Compliment responses among native and non-native English
speakersEvidence of Pragmatic transfer from Swedish into English.
Bialystok, E. (1993). Symbolic representation and attentional control in
pragmatic competence. In Kasper, G., & Blum-Kulka, S.
(Eds.) Interlanguage Pragmatics (pp. 43-57). Oxford: Oxford University
Press.
Blum-Kulka, S., House, J., & Kasper, G. (Eds.). (1989). Cross cultural
pragmatics: Requests and apologies. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
Bogdan and Biklen. (1992). Qualitative Research for Education: an Introduction
to Theory and Method. Boston: Allyn and Bacon Inc.
Boxer, D. (1993). Complaining and commiserating: A speech act view of
solidarity in spoken American English. NY: Peter Lang
Brown, P. Levinson, S.C. (1983). Pragmatics. New York: Cambridge University
Press.
Canale, M. & Swain, M. (1980). Theoretical bases of communicative approaches
to second language teaching and testing. Applied Linguistics,1, 1-47.
Chen-Hsin Tang, and Grace Qiao Zhang. (2009). A contrastive study of
compliment responses among Australian English and Mandarin Chinese
speakersJournal of Pragmatics, Volume 41, Issue 2, February 2009,
Pages 325–345.
Chen, S.E. (2003). Compliment Response Strategies in Mandarin Chinese:
Politeness Phenomenon Concentric: Studies in English Literature and
Linguistics 29.2: 157-184.
Chen, Ping. (1999). Modern Chinese: History and sociolinguistics. Cambridge
University Press.
Chiang, B. and Pochtrager, F. (1993). A Pilot Study of Compliment Responses of
American-Born English Speakers and Chinese-Born English Speakers.
(ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED364932)
61
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Chomsky, N. (1980). Rules and Representations. New York: Columbia University
Press and Oxford: Basil Blackwell Publisher.
Cohen. D. (1996). Law, social policy, and violence: The impact of regional
cultures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 961-978.
Cutting, J. (2002). Pragmatics and Discourse. London and New York: Routledge.
Crystal, D. (1997). English as a global language. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
Farenkia, B.M. (2014). Face-Enhancing Strategies in Compliment Responses by
Canadian University Students. International Journal of Linguistics ISSN
1948-5425 2014, Vol. 6, No. 3 Goody, E.N. (1918) Toward a theory of
question. In Goody (ed.), Question and politeness. Combridge:CUP. 1743.
Farghal, M. and Haggan, M. (2006). “Compliment Behaviour in Bilingual
KuwaitiCollege Students”, International Journal of Bilingual Education
and Bilingualism, 9(1), 94-118.
Fasold, R (1990). The Sociolinguistics of Language. Cambridge: Basil Blackwell
Limited.
Fraser, B., E. Rintell and J. Walters. (1980). An approach to conducting research
on the acquisition of pragmatic competence in a second language. In D.
Larsen-Freeman (ed), Discourse analysis in second language research.
Massachusetts: Newbury House.
Fraser, B. (1990). Perspectives on politeness. Journal of Pragmatics, 14, 219-236.
Grundy, P. (2000). Doing Pragmatics. New York: Oxford University Press
Inc.Hill, et al.
H. Paul Grice. (1975). Logic and conversation. In Cole, P., and J.L. Morgan, eds.
Speech Acts. New York: Academic Press, 41–58).
Hartford, B.S. & K. Bardovi-Harlig. (1992). Closing the conversation: Evidence
from the academic advising session. Discourse Processes, 15, 93-116.
Herbert, R.K. (1990). Sex-Based Differences in Compliment Behavior. Language
in Society, 19,p. 201-224.
Herbert, R. K. (1989). The structure of English compliment and compliment
responses: A contrastive sketch. In W. Olesky (eds.), contrastive
pragmatics. Amesterdam: John Benjamins. 3.35.
Holmes, J. (1988). Compliment and Compliment Responses in New Zealand
English. Anthropologist Linhuistics, 28. p. 485-507.
62
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Huth, T. (2006). Negotiating structure and culture: L2 learners’ realization of L2
compliment response sequences in talk-in-talk interaction. Journal of
Pragmatics, 38, 2025-2050.
Hymes, D. H. (1972). On Communicative Competence. In Pride, J. B., & Holmes,
J. (Eds.), Sociolinguistics, 269-293. Baltimore, USA: Penguin Education,
Penguin Books Ltd.
Jacob L. Mey. (2001). Pragmatics: An Introduction, 2nd Edition. WileyBlackwell
Jiang, W. (2000). The relationship between culture and language. ELT Journal,
54(4), 328-334
Jin-Pei, Z. (2013). Compliments and compliment responses in Philippine English.
GEMA Online™ Journal of Language Studies 25 Volume 13(1), 25-41.
Johnson, D. M., and Roen, D. H. (1992). Complimenting and involvement in peer
reviewers: Gender variation. Language in Society 21:27-57.
Jurafsky, Dan and Martin, James. (2000). Speech and Language Processing.
Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall
Kasper, G. (1990) Linguistic politeness: current research issues. Journal of
pragmatics 14(2): 193-218.
Kasper, G. & Rose, K. R. (2002). Pragmatic development in a second
language.Oxford: Blackwell.
Lakoff, R. (1973). The logic of politeness. Papers from the 9th Regional Meeting
of the Chicago Linguistic Society. Chicago Linguistic Society, 292-305
Leech, G. (1983). Principles of Pragmatics. London: Longman Group Limited.
Manes, J. (1983). Compliments: a mirror of cultural values. In N. Wolfson & E.
Judd (Eds.). Sociolinguistics and Language Acquisition (pp.96-102).
New York, NY: Newbury House Publishers
Manes, J., and Wolfson, N., (1980). The compliment formula. In F. columns (ed.),
Conversational routines. 115-32.
Ma´rquez Reiter, Rosina. (2000). Linguistic Politeness in Britain and Uruguay: A
Contrastive Study of Requests and Apologies. John Benjamins,
Philadelphia.
Miles, M.B , Huberman, A.M, & Saldana,J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis, A
Methods Sourcebook, Edition 3. USA: Sage Publications
63
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Pomerantz, A. (1978). Compliment Responses: Notes on the Cooperation of
Multiple Constraints. In J. Schenkein (Eds) Studies in the Organization
of Conversational Interaction (pp. 79-112). New York: Academic Press.
Ranney, S. (1992). Learning a new script: An exploration of sociolinguistic
competence. Applied Linguistics. 13.25–50
Rintell, E. (1981). Sociolinguistic variation and pragmatic ability: a look at
learners. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 27, 11-34.
Smith, James Bryant. (2009). The acquisition of pragmatic competence:
compliment response strategies in learners of Spanish. LSU Doctoral
Dissertations. 2569.
Spencer-Oatey, H. (2000). Culturally Speaking: Managing Rapport through Talk
across Cultures. London: Continum. p. 11-44.
Thomas, J. (1983). Meaning in interaction: An introduction to pragmatics. New
York:Longman.
Van Dijk, T. A. (1981). Studies in the pragmatics of discourse. New York:
Mouton de Gruyter.
Trosborg, A. (1995). Interlanguage pragmatics : Requests, complaints, and
apologies. NewYork: Mouton de Gruyter.
Watts, A.G. (2006), Career Development Learning and Employability, The
Higher Education Academy, York.
Wierzbicka, A. (2003). Cross-Cultural Pragmatics: The Semantic of Human
Interaction. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. p. 51-148
Wildner-Bassett, M. (1994). Intercultural pragmatics and proficiency: 'Polite'
noises for cultural awareness. International Review of Applied
Linguistics, 32, 3-17.
Wolfson, N., and Manes, J. (1980). The compliment as a social strategy. Papers in
linguistics 13: 391-410.
64
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Austin, J. L. (1962). How to do things with words. Oxford, England: Oxford
University Press.
Austin,
T. (1998). Cross-cultural pragmatics-building in analysis of
communication across cultures and languages: Examples from Japanese.
Foreign Language Annals, 31, 326-346.
Bergqvist, T. (2009). Compliment responses among native and non-native English
speakersEvidence of Pragmatic transfer from Swedish into English.
Bialystok, E. (1993). Symbolic representation and attentional control in
pragmatic competence. In Kasper, G., & Blum-Kulka, S.
(Eds.) Interlanguage Pragmatics (pp. 43-57). Oxford: Oxford University
Press.
Blum-Kulka, S., House, J., & Kasper, G. (Eds.). (1989). Cross cultural
pragmatics: Requests and apologies. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
Bogdan and Biklen. (1992). Qualitative Research for Education: an Introduction
to Theory and Method. Boston: Allyn and Bacon Inc.
Boxer, D. (1993). Complaining and commiserating: A speech act view of
solidarity in spoken American English. NY: Peter Lang
Brown, P. Levinson, S.C. (1983). Pragmatics. New York: Cambridge University
Press.
Canale, M. & Swain, M. (1980). Theoretical bases of communicative approaches
to second language teaching and testing. Applied Linguistics,1, 1-47.
Chen-Hsin Tang, and Grace Qiao Zhang. (2009). A contrastive study of
compliment responses among Australian English and Mandarin Chinese
speakersJournal of Pragmatics, Volume 41, Issue 2, February 2009,
Pages 325–345.
Chen, S.E. (2003). Compliment Response Strategies in Mandarin Chinese:
Politeness Phenomenon Concentric: Studies in English Literature and
Linguistics 29.2: 157-184.
Chen, Ping. (1999). Modern Chinese: History and sociolinguistics. Cambridge
University Press.
Chiang, B. and Pochtrager, F. (1993). A Pilot Study of Compliment Responses of
American-Born English Speakers and Chinese-Born English Speakers.
(ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED364932)
61
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Chomsky, N. (1980). Rules and Representations. New York: Columbia University
Press and Oxford: Basil Blackwell Publisher.
Cohen. D. (1996). Law, social policy, and violence: The impact of regional
cultures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 961-978.
Cutting, J. (2002). Pragmatics and Discourse. London and New York: Routledge.
Crystal, D. (1997). English as a global language. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
Farenkia, B.M. (2014). Face-Enhancing Strategies in Compliment Responses by
Canadian University Students. International Journal of Linguistics ISSN
1948-5425 2014, Vol. 6, No. 3 Goody, E.N. (1918) Toward a theory of
question. In Goody (ed.), Question and politeness. Combridge:CUP. 1743.
Farghal, M. and Haggan, M. (2006). “Compliment Behaviour in Bilingual
KuwaitiCollege Students”, International Journal of Bilingual Education
and Bilingualism, 9(1), 94-118.
Fasold, R (1990). The Sociolinguistics of Language. Cambridge: Basil Blackwell
Limited.
Fraser, B., E. Rintell and J. Walters. (1980). An approach to conducting research
on the acquisition of pragmatic competence in a second language. In D.
Larsen-Freeman (ed), Discourse analysis in second language research.
Massachusetts: Newbury House.
Fraser, B. (1990). Perspectives on politeness. Journal of Pragmatics, 14, 219-236.
Grundy, P. (2000). Doing Pragmatics. New York: Oxford University Press
Inc.Hill, et al.
H. Paul Grice. (1975). Logic and conversation. In Cole, P., and J.L. Morgan, eds.
Speech Acts. New York: Academic Press, 41–58).
Hartford, B.S. & K. Bardovi-Harlig. (1992). Closing the conversation: Evidence
from the academic advising session. Discourse Processes, 15, 93-116.
Herbert, R.K. (1990). Sex-Based Differences in Compliment Behavior. Language
in Society, 19,p. 201-224.
Herbert, R. K. (1989). The structure of English compliment and compliment
responses: A contrastive sketch. In W. Olesky (eds.), contrastive
pragmatics. Amesterdam: John Benjamins. 3.35.
Holmes, J. (1988). Compliment and Compliment Responses in New Zealand
English. Anthropologist Linhuistics, 28. p. 485-507.
62
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Huth, T. (2006). Negotiating structure and culture: L2 learners’ realization of L2
compliment response sequences in talk-in-talk interaction. Journal of
Pragmatics, 38, 2025-2050.
Hymes, D. H. (1972). On Communicative Competence. In Pride, J. B., & Holmes,
J. (Eds.), Sociolinguistics, 269-293. Baltimore, USA: Penguin Education,
Penguin Books Ltd.
Jacob L. Mey. (2001). Pragmatics: An Introduction, 2nd Edition. WileyBlackwell
Jiang, W. (2000). The relationship between culture and language. ELT Journal,
54(4), 328-334
Jin-Pei, Z. (2013). Compliments and compliment responses in Philippine English.
GEMA Online™ Journal of Language Studies 25 Volume 13(1), 25-41.
Johnson, D. M., and Roen, D. H. (1992). Complimenting and involvement in peer
reviewers: Gender variation. Language in Society 21:27-57.
Jurafsky, Dan and Martin, James. (2000). Speech and Language Processing.
Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall
Kasper, G. (1990) Linguistic politeness: current research issues. Journal of
pragmatics 14(2): 193-218.
Kasper, G. & Rose, K. R. (2002). Pragmatic development in a second
language.Oxford: Blackwell.
Lakoff, R. (1973). The logic of politeness. Papers from the 9th Regional Meeting
of the Chicago Linguistic Society. Chicago Linguistic Society, 292-305
Leech, G. (1983). Principles of Pragmatics. London: Longman Group Limited.
Manes, J. (1983). Compliments: a mirror of cultural values. In N. Wolfson & E.
Judd (Eds.). Sociolinguistics and Language Acquisition (pp.96-102).
New York, NY: Newbury House Publishers
Manes, J., and Wolfson, N., (1980). The compliment formula. In F. columns (ed.),
Conversational routines. 115-32.
Ma´rquez Reiter, Rosina. (2000). Linguistic Politeness in Britain and Uruguay: A
Contrastive Study of Requests and Apologies. John Benjamins,
Philadelphia.
Miles, M.B , Huberman, A.M, & Saldana,J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis, A
Methods Sourcebook, Edition 3. USA: Sage Publications
63
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Pomerantz, A. (1978). Compliment Responses: Notes on the Cooperation of
Multiple Constraints. In J. Schenkein (Eds) Studies in the Organization
of Conversational Interaction (pp. 79-112). New York: Academic Press.
Ranney, S. (1992). Learning a new script: An exploration of sociolinguistic
competence. Applied Linguistics. 13.25–50
Rintell, E. (1981). Sociolinguistic variation and pragmatic ability: a look at
learners. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 27, 11-34.
Smith, James Bryant. (2009). The acquisition of pragmatic competence:
compliment response strategies in learners of Spanish. LSU Doctoral
Dissertations. 2569.
Spencer-Oatey, H. (2000). Culturally Speaking: Managing Rapport through Talk
across Cultures. London: Continum. p. 11-44.
Thomas, J. (1983). Meaning in interaction: An introduction to pragmatics. New
York:Longman.
Van Dijk, T. A. (1981). Studies in the pragmatics of discourse. New York:
Mouton de Gruyter.
Trosborg, A. (1995). Interlanguage pragmatics : Requests, complaints, and
apologies. NewYork: Mouton de Gruyter.
Watts, A.G. (2006), Career Development Learning and Employability, The
Higher Education Academy, York.
Wierzbicka, A. (2003). Cross-Cultural Pragmatics: The Semantic of Human
Interaction. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. p. 51-148
Wildner-Bassett, M. (1994). Intercultural pragmatics and proficiency: 'Polite'
noises for cultural awareness. International Review of Applied
Linguistics, 32, 3-17.
Wolfson, N., and Manes, J. (1980). The compliment as a social strategy. Papers in
linguistics 13: 391-410.
64
Universitas Sumatera Utara