EXECUTIVE'S PERCEIVED STRATEGIC UNCERTAINTY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCANNING PATTERN OF SMALL AND MIDDLE SERVICE FIRMS IN WEST SUMATERA.
e
E)'FII'IIVE'SP'RCEIVEDSII{IIGTUN(IRTAINTY AND
II{ViIONMINTAI, SCANNB{G PAIIBI' OF AMILL AND IYIIDDLD
SERVTCE FIiMI IIi fl!'[ IN'MAITRA
WENI SADLI
04 r52 084
Pdrot
d
a a pidi.l NqulrNd
to obtoh
Bect.lor
M;NAGDMEM DEpARTMGNT EcoNoMIcs
UNTVnRS]TV
^ND^LIS
PA'ING
d4w
raoolr.y
o)Tempar/Tanssa Lar BukttnQg /15 Marer 193/ b) Nama oraiQTua DatusL'
s sos dan saddyas c) Fakurras Ekonon d) Juiusan Manat€n€i e) No 3P 04
r52 0340 ranssa Luus 26 iovenber 2003 s) P,ed kal Lu us sansalMsn rskan
h) F( 334 i) Lams srud : 1 rahun 2 Bu an h)Aranato€nsrra rab6k Parsrr
KecSa mpaLns Tanah Dara. Sumbar
rhasby
wenr Sadit Al)vts.t Dt
B,"n
sE, MBA
ABSTRACT
Ths siudy €xamned trre relalonsrr p belw66n exaculv€'s psrc6plons of slral€sc lnc,ad:inly and
s rnab rY 1o Pradci an .rsanizarons
hange oi 6i€fna forcos orcsnzalon s€n iha 6nvronm6ni lo
deleopefiedve€sponselolhosochanqes.ndsiaysuryve nlrre,ulu.e Envronmenb sDsnnn9 s
prc€qu ste ro. fornualriq efieci've bus ness slr.teq es n €deviq.utsrardis
perrormne a sahple or 54 m d
n wesi sumreE was lsed ro 1*r
hypolheses ro aied ro stategi. un.erl. nly and onv,onmonials€nnn
nced:inry Erher rhan secrDB of
rhal seciors or rask €nvrcnnem !
a nly s hislr a:€cutvss is Ep.ned
senera/r€mole envronmenr
lGal€r irequency of s€nnno and broade. scope ol s€nnnq Execulves n hqh perform ns lrms
eades
rrms n
US and Niseda ro
Dn
shaL manufacruriq
d€w co
d depan
sdanq @nqur dan dnyatakan ulus pada tanqqal 26 November 2003
1,1
trobltmBacls.ound
hr d,c
las 6\o de!ades. orerDl/rlions hxve e\pe.lenred r srift in bolh
the.fte olchrnge rrJ
.J globilDarof
the
dc!rec.lcra'Se h \ \rift
asncd
s li',ked r. \.ci.nL
lcrulrlxlloi ol drmlls. dnirt.all\ driii,ig
tu{.tuhi: rim lLl
.\Friefred a siliLJi.ad crargc
tu
trnc.
nctrr fo,
.rgannrt
ns
ihc
a(
S!lrle\i,,3.r l97g). Chrg. rtut i'\Lb
.rcxrlig
lir\ n.$ irxrirrre rhe
i \o,ld
\!h.,e 1lt lirrue
rni rrd unhNabe. This lrrbulctrf uivnonnc
irdlvlduar xnd gnLps n o'gaDi/r1 n\
sincc
moi
o$afizaLons opcnre i'i
-qnN
in! po{$
n
LrDicrl
L,ex\i',,!l)
Li crp$icRcll bl
hcing unc.drin. unnrcdi.hhLc xrd nt
c\. coflhs
n-r. and
r*le\ $ .piniTrtl.ml
s.
fo .iscr
.onunJn'n Lcadcr can
ft
d
orcanizariotrs operare i', chaoric. comn
r rb'qlUU\ (i\ mrnc
ard
tr.ic
c6 atrd polit.altrrr.naintr.
B Llr c lrk
crv
enc.gi'rg
and tc.hndlogi.i sdvrncenen Nhich
chrn-qcs. detrse c.npclilion.
mx
G
{rh
e
ofnr
ianore uncetuifty and a$umc
the r
en!i.!nnlent\ Th. enegi|3 !obalrnarLet pla.e
hnsnel a.e
jN tro
rhe rodiri,inrl orgarizdiotrxl rh nkins thar
olrhe nrd) lacroA rhrcateilig
inrurs on mrlins dehiled rhns.
clearl) defiringjrbtosCoisbilrics afd neet rg [FliLLl! e{rbLished obredive\
MILIK
I
,
IOT PFNPUS'i-AKAAN
at'tott ut\u
i*,vrnsttos
lnvnoiDerhl
uircdi ) n i|rblif o
cn\nonmun (Mllllkcr. 1987: Nrrt
.r*{ed
prcrlicr
M or! iiAlior
s
d rl. l0(r0l ll0her & r-)alr (1937). r dll.trnrr
[ ] LrcL ol inrn.marn, lbotrL or!1 /lho,. xcliri{ir\ Md Ly$tr in rhc
To urde'nrnd d,r d,ansc ol c\rcmL hrccs. o'crDiTation\
enrnonmenl
{
rlmt rlret mat
inp.ole thc; pornion ir
rlre
dc(o0 cltdyc
rcsponscs Nhich
turure I hlr slan if ordel
10
!!oid
0hfning lStrton. 1933).Torh..\i. 1rhd
.da| r.
irs outsiJe efvnonfrenl
c\Lurnrl
lhrilcs rld rrc rr[ing rre.
i\ deEnd\
p.imxr] modr ol oerf
tarom lem ig
ntr 1 , r' i ..
... . 1
n.lir nxi.. (11..
1000
loD-(
on [nosing xid i'norproLing
(( h.o.
lt
Lenn ,J
rr orgrniz n,n\xbllLt
environD]cnral
l.
scurc or
surp. ses. idcnt
rhre rand.pNrrnnl.\. grin.o,rpcrntrc rhrnhg!. rnd np.$e
+.nj.rn
{ri r
trr
Lh!
lcrnning con{ltuts
a
l00li ritidne {antrir!.rdr
....1 14 -
trl'
rl7)
i,pplc6. .o'np.riro6. 1!dwn.3\ c..foD,i.. .r!) i,, \c!u'rl \rr)r. Tlru\ Dxj
lltj
Jnr]
iNrerse rnd de.rca\c thc ftqL'cnct nirl, \hich thcr s(rn. and rhcr- nar
\d.(
s.rr
nre e,rnofDrcnl
di.cdl)
.noi!lnlonnaroi Nde\
Ther.,deDcr
o.l.rn lioh olltA
ni d,u or-rrnizalnn.
aDd.hannc s.
r lItsr
olcnrnonn,eflal \canning Lliatcoiductd hl
mrnrler(inllucic.d b] nrerp.teDtnn,rbotrt eveloliare!ic utrenaiftr
t-
atrd
i4Fe oet !
Thc rim
$alegic
Wci
trncenainrJ
S0muretu.
cxcc(ire
ol lhn
.id
reserrch 10
idrciilarc rhc c\cculi\c
cnv r.nrncntr scann n-q
Thi\ oscarch aho $nJrcteJ
scannin-! bchrvio.
uncenainrv. lhe dillcrcnocs
|ln.nnafuc I m\
a .o
c.rm
hc'e'."
.l s..n,if! a
gcnc.a
cfv;.n
1'
hi.eher
ld*cr
J
l'{.\.
'1.".
ol
... 1 clicc -1
trdccdain\
oi
cau\cd
d
scv.n scctos ol
br crch \cdor ol
ni'en i'ldtr{',a
SechG i,,
gr.dcr p.r!.]!.d jialclLc troccnaidr rlln \ccloA i"
cnr bccausc
Rr\cd on rh(
tr{rj_ iil
n!Ll.
nnulidu' ig tirms Th\ i\
env n,nmcnr crcarc
i'
pefteived nrarcgic
irnier heNeen
cnrndnm. fcdrc dillcEtrl levcL.l trnceiairll of
hsk
pcrlliled
b e\mine rhc lilf€reile.f
sirh diilireDr i.vel .l
Wcnl Sumarcn pcrccivcd dillcrtnl lclcl
envir.nm.nr Nirh
pr .fl' ol scNic.
r
Iskctr! ro netrrhrsdn.di'nprurt]orguiaLior
inrai!dioi
and anal!ss. licquenc!
olscrnfins rnd
scop.ofscantrirg posnveL! re rted to rhe lc!clolperueived irdlegic rnccn{Lnty.
lligl,er leleL!luDrenrinry.
c\cr
ivcs $iLl $an
bFad$ Lrccurives olhlgher I)errirnnaf.e in
rh.i crccurivcsolloLrerpedonn ,!e
rir ns
cfvirrfncnl Dxtr li.qucni afd
ns scan etrrirotrm.fr
'noc
liDqrc
References
aerr
eraa). .u\a n! trlfiaIi\'|t r'httt td n
N
( t, rdtitt \rrr(gt t tl(rpni:.tiunrl lllannau.. it1tnnll tna^
Rrli'mrd.
^1.
Btuols.
I
werth*son.
L l 9t)1) tht Btr t\\E tir.ut' /
Rold. Walkcr. rrmcre. \1996). Mt
t,r/.s^ li xn-!-!r.lrlrfta
LieD. rt, t\ntn :
S
. P..d ce l l. l
tht p(uLIuLd
I Pmks D. (19331. (hrl .f,..!/lt! w,,,'g.
lNro,dcr\l chtlklt^ln| orlurtlm.\ ?.4.Lrdvt:. t rt,nal
,ttlt srnkgi. itlr .Ncn.nt,Lr,trl Vol 9.nlll.l lr0
l)r1r. 1.. Riclrrd.
r)avld.
l.
R..
So'
ntrfef.
(:001). ,,zrrsi. ,U.l,4r.,drlr .rr."pa dr,/dr1"r - iDtemxriontrl
cdir on.
f.rnrisc llal
.
\e\
.
cr\cr.
\urqE t]t{
L!! lt ttit tiral ]411tu\ ot nonir! hhurrr" \tltnrn
,rr,Lrx1,,.,/ /,r,k/. Vol !3. pp 137 l0l
Cmg. V K. U'alcs. B.,^.. Prcn. R L l)0Al). (ltnt r\c
^! 'Llrrnry
t"1lh :t\ t rm nknntl thlrtt^ 1 atul t tjtdttitrl .litrt
t\!7,rnttu? Srtr1gn Vo lq.',rrl,r rl. Vul lt. pp 725.7t4
Ilanhrnk. DC ( 932) tanrnrnDt( r \1tttn!rnnat4nt:ttonl rt (:4'
, \ o.1. nD. 159 71.
Sn *it ltt.trq.)t hi .,
"r'na!
llorgh. J. R.. white. V r. (2001) &.,,t,! d.ti,"\ aLd . \itr ht.ridl
dt n^ : t!dh!l,! itn,,trliD lit trrt(ln (L(^il, l|ire .
\1.,uja.nitn1tutir)n aa. tl73 7t)1
rdra. reLfi. (2001). ,q,,6r,(,r .trrn harkrl.ltn notui! tL,t!ur P,rru\i
Fakuhs tkonoml llnllcsn.s
t.ntmhd." rrantldkh .h /lkn,
Llcikov.
rr
S. (l1r'r7).
Snr!!i( r LtrLr \ d.lotru
t?t|tl
Nrr! rt( . ste\!n. \!.H. xid S\rc.. R I1AAA). ht\ru,tt"L -- nni,ry
[chati.t i d ,tr^ili.nul (u,].Dn trnb"t ha t Rts\nt )t&lrnr
tt@tttrt!,t.tt tnd, \ o. 1). oo. 10) )7.
E)'FII'IIVE'SP'RCEIVEDSII{IIGTUN(IRTAINTY AND
II{ViIONMINTAI, SCANNB{G PAIIBI' OF AMILL AND IYIIDDLD
SERVTCE FIiMI IIi fl!'[ IN'MAITRA
WENI SADLI
04 r52 084
Pdrot
d
a a pidi.l NqulrNd
to obtoh
Bect.lor
M;NAGDMEM DEpARTMGNT EcoNoMIcs
UNTVnRS]TV
^ND^LIS
PA'ING
d4w
raoolr.y
o)Tempar/Tanssa Lar BukttnQg /15 Marer 193/ b) Nama oraiQTua DatusL'
s sos dan saddyas c) Fakurras Ekonon d) Juiusan Manat€n€i e) No 3P 04
r52 0340 ranssa Luus 26 iovenber 2003 s) P,ed kal Lu us sansalMsn rskan
h) F( 334 i) Lams srud : 1 rahun 2 Bu an h)Aranato€nsrra rab6k Parsrr
KecSa mpaLns Tanah Dara. Sumbar
rhasby
wenr Sadit Al)vts.t Dt
B,"n
sE, MBA
ABSTRACT
Ths siudy €xamned trre relalonsrr p belw66n exaculv€'s psrc6plons of slral€sc lnc,ad:inly and
s rnab rY 1o Pradci an .rsanizarons
hange oi 6i€fna forcos orcsnzalon s€n iha 6nvronm6ni lo
deleopefiedve€sponselolhosochanqes.ndsiaysuryve nlrre,ulu.e Envronmenb sDsnnn9 s
prc€qu ste ro. fornualriq efieci've bus ness slr.teq es n €deviq.utsrardis
perrormne a sahple or 54 m d
n wesi sumreE was lsed ro 1*r
hypolheses ro aied ro stategi. un.erl. nly and onv,onmonials€nnn
nced:inry Erher rhan secrDB of
rhal seciors or rask €nvrcnnem !
a nly s hislr a:€cutvss is Ep.ned
senera/r€mole envronmenr
lGal€r irequency of s€nnno and broade. scope ol s€nnnq Execulves n hqh perform ns lrms
eades
rrms n
US and Niseda ro
Dn
shaL manufacruriq
d€w co
d depan
sdanq @nqur dan dnyatakan ulus pada tanqqal 26 November 2003
1,1
trobltmBacls.ound
hr d,c
las 6\o de!ades. orerDl/rlions hxve e\pe.lenred r srift in bolh
the.fte olchrnge rrJ
.J globilDarof
the
dc!rec.lcra'Se h \ \rift
asncd
s li',ked r. \.ci.nL
lcrulrlxlloi ol drmlls. dnirt.all\ driii,ig
tu{.tuhi: rim lLl
.\Friefred a siliLJi.ad crargc
tu
trnc.
nctrr fo,
.rgannrt
ns
ihc
a(
S!lrle\i,,3.r l97g). Chrg. rtut i'\Lb
.rcxrlig
lir\ n.$ irxrirrre rhe
i \o,ld
\!h.,e 1lt lirrue
rni rrd unhNabe. This lrrbulctrf uivnonnc
irdlvlduar xnd gnLps n o'gaDi/r1 n\
sincc
moi
o$afizaLons opcnre i'i
-qnN
in! po{$
n
LrDicrl
L,ex\i',,!l)
Li crp$icRcll bl
hcing unc.drin. unnrcdi.hhLc xrd nt
c\. coflhs
n-r. and
r*le\ $ .piniTrtl.ml
s.
fo .iscr
.onunJn'n Lcadcr can
ft
d
orcanizariotrs operare i', chaoric. comn
r rb'qlUU\ (i\ mrnc
ard
tr.ic
c6 atrd polit.altrrr.naintr.
B Llr c lrk
crv
enc.gi'rg
and tc.hndlogi.i sdvrncenen Nhich
chrn-qcs. detrse c.npclilion.
mx
G
{rh
e
ofnr
ianore uncetuifty and a$umc
the r
en!i.!nnlent\ Th. enegi|3 !obalrnarLet pla.e
hnsnel a.e
jN tro
rhe rodiri,inrl orgarizdiotrxl rh nkins thar
olrhe nrd) lacroA rhrcateilig
inrurs on mrlins dehiled rhns.
clearl) defiringjrbtosCoisbilrics afd neet rg [FliLLl! e{rbLished obredive\
MILIK
I
,
IOT PFNPUS'i-AKAAN
at'tott ut\u
i*,vrnsttos
lnvnoiDerhl
uircdi ) n i|rblif o
cn\nonmun (Mllllkcr. 1987: Nrrt
.r*{ed
prcrlicr
M or! iiAlior
s
d rl. l0(r0l ll0her & r-)alr (1937). r dll.trnrr
[ ] LrcL ol inrn.marn, lbotrL or!1 /lho,. xcliri{ir\ Md Ly$tr in rhc
To urde'nrnd d,r d,ansc ol c\rcmL hrccs. o'crDiTation\
enrnonmenl
{
rlmt rlret mat
inp.ole thc; pornion ir
rlre
dc(o0 cltdyc
rcsponscs Nhich
turure I hlr slan if ordel
10
!!oid
0hfning lStrton. 1933).Torh..\i. 1rhd
.da| r.
irs outsiJe efvnonfrenl
c\Lurnrl
lhrilcs rld rrc rr[ing rre.
i\ deEnd\
p.imxr] modr ol oerf
tarom lem ig
ntr 1 , r' i ..
... . 1
n.lir nxi.. (11..
1000
loD-(
on [nosing xid i'norproLing
(( h.o.
lt
Lenn ,J
rr orgrniz n,n\xbllLt
environD]cnral
l.
scurc or
surp. ses. idcnt
rhre rand.pNrrnnl.\. grin.o,rpcrntrc rhrnhg!. rnd np.$e
+.nj.rn
{ri r
trr
Lh!
lcrnning con{ltuts
a
l00li ritidne {antrir!.rdr
....1 14 -
trl'
rl7)
i,pplc6. .o'np.riro6. 1!dwn.3\ c..foD,i.. .r!) i,, \c!u'rl \rr)r. Tlru\ Dxj
lltj
Jnr]
iNrerse rnd de.rca\c thc ftqL'cnct nirl, \hich thcr s(rn. and rhcr- nar
\d.(
s.rr
nre e,rnofDrcnl
di.cdl)
.noi!lnlonnaroi Nde\
Ther.,deDcr
o.l.rn lioh olltA
ni d,u or-rrnizalnn.
aDd.hannc s.
r lItsr
olcnrnonn,eflal \canning Lliatcoiductd hl
mrnrler(inllucic.d b] nrerp.teDtnn,rbotrt eveloliare!ic utrenaiftr
t-
atrd
i4Fe oet !
Thc rim
$alegic
Wci
trncenainrJ
S0muretu.
cxcc(ire
ol lhn
.id
reserrch 10
idrciilarc rhc c\cculi\c
cnv r.nrncntr scann n-q
Thi\ oscarch aho $nJrcteJ
scannin-! bchrvio.
uncenainrv. lhe dillcrcnocs
|ln.nnafuc I m\
a .o
c.rm
hc'e'."
.l s..n,if! a
gcnc.a
cfv;.n
1'
hi.eher
ld*cr
J
l'{.\.
'1.".
ol
... 1 clicc -1
trdccdain\
oi
cau\cd
d
scv.n scctos ol
br crch \cdor ol
ni'en i'ldtr{',a
SechG i,,
gr.dcr p.r!.]!.d jialclLc troccnaidr rlln \ccloA i"
cnr bccausc
Rr\cd on rh(
tr{rj_ iil
n!Ll.
nnulidu' ig tirms Th\ i\
env n,nmcnr crcarc
i'
pefteived nrarcgic
irnier heNeen
cnrndnm. fcdrc dillcEtrl levcL.l trnceiairll of
hsk
pcrlliled
b e\mine rhc lilf€reile.f
sirh diilireDr i.vel .l
Wcnl Sumarcn pcrccivcd dillcrtnl lclcl
envir.nm.nr Nirh
pr .fl' ol scNic.
r
Iskctr! ro netrrhrsdn.di'nprurt]orguiaLior
inrai!dioi
and anal!ss. licquenc!
olscrnfins rnd
scop.ofscantrirg posnveL! re rted to rhe lc!clolperueived irdlegic rnccn{Lnty.
lligl,er leleL!luDrenrinry.
c\cr
ivcs $iLl $an
bFad$ Lrccurives olhlgher I)errirnnaf.e in
rh.i crccurivcsolloLrerpedonn ,!e
rir ns
cfvirrfncnl Dxtr li.qucni afd
ns scan etrrirotrm.fr
'noc
liDqrc
References
aerr
eraa). .u\a n! trlfiaIi\'|t r'httt td n
N
( t, rdtitt \rrr(gt t tl(rpni:.tiunrl lllannau.. it1tnnll tna^
Rrli'mrd.
^1.
Btuols.
I
werth*son.
L l 9t)1) tht Btr t\\E tir.ut' /
Rold. Walkcr. rrmcre. \1996). Mt
t,r/.s^ li xn-!-!r.lrlrfta
LieD. rt, t\ntn :
S
. P..d ce l l. l
tht p(uLIuLd
I Pmks D. (19331. (hrl .f,..!/lt! w,,,'g.
lNro,dcr\l chtlklt^ln| orlurtlm.\ ?.4.Lrdvt:. t rt,nal
,ttlt srnkgi. itlr .Ncn.nt,Lr,trl Vol 9.nlll.l lr0
l)r1r. 1.. Riclrrd.
r)avld.
l.
R..
So'
ntrfef.
(:001). ,,zrrsi. ,U.l,4r.,drlr .rr."pa dr,/dr1"r - iDtemxriontrl
cdir on.
f.rnrisc llal
.
\e\
.
cr\cr.
\urqE t]t{
L!! lt ttit tiral ]411tu\ ot nonir! hhurrr" \tltnrn
,rr,Lrx1,,.,/ /,r,k/. Vol !3. pp 137 l0l
Cmg. V K. U'alcs. B.,^.. Prcn. R L l)0Al). (ltnt r\c
^! 'Llrrnry
t"1lh :t\ t rm nknntl thlrtt^ 1 atul t tjtdttitrl .litrt
t\!7,rnttu? Srtr1gn Vo lq.',rrl,r rl. Vul lt. pp 725.7t4
Ilanhrnk. DC ( 932) tanrnrnDt( r \1tttn!rnnat4nt:ttonl rt (:4'
, \ o.1. nD. 159 71.
Sn *it ltt.trq.)t hi .,
"r'na!
llorgh. J. R.. white. V r. (2001) &.,,t,! d.ti,"\ aLd . \itr ht.ridl
dt n^ : t!dh!l,! itn,,trliD lit trrt(ln (L(^il, l|ire .
\1.,uja.nitn1tutir)n aa. tl73 7t)1
rdra. reLfi. (2001). ,q,,6r,(,r .trrn harkrl.ltn notui! tL,t!ur P,rru\i
Fakuhs tkonoml llnllcsn.s
t.ntmhd." rrantldkh .h /lkn,
Llcikov.
rr
S. (l1r'r7).
Snr!!i( r LtrLr \ d.lotru
t?t|tl
Nrr! rt( . ste\!n. \!.H. xid S\rc.. R I1AAA). ht\ru,tt"L -- nni,ry
[chati.t i d ,tr^ili.nul (u,].Dn trnb"t ha t Rts\nt )t&lrnr
tt@tttrt!,t.tt tnd, \ o. 1). oo. 10) )7.