Interpersonal Meaning Analysis in the Editorial of The Jakarta Post Compared to The Editorial of The jakarta Globe Representing The Role of Mass Media in Indonesian Presidential Election 2014 (SFL Approach).
INTERPERSONAL MEANING ANALYSIS OF THE EDITORIAL IN THE
JAKARTA POST COMPARED TO THE EDITORIAL IN THE JAKARTA
GLOBE REPRESENTING THE ROLE OF MASS MEDIA IN INDONESIAN
PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION 2014
(SFL Approach)
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of Requirement for Sarjana Sastra Degree
at English Department The Faculty of Cultural Sciences
Sebelas Maret University
By:
VIRINA SEKAR ARUM
C0311044
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF CULTURAL SCIENCES
SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY
2015
i
ii
iii
PRONOUNCEMENT
I state truthfully that this thesis entitled “Interpersonal Meaning Analysis of The
Editorial in The Jakarta Post Comparing with The Editorial in The Jakarta Globe
Representing The Role of Mass Media in Indonesian President Election 2014 ” is
originally written by myself, as the researcher. It is no way a plagiarism. The previous
works which are related to this thesis are all written in the form of quotations and
included in the bibliography. If later, this pronouncement is proved incorrect, I as the
researcher am ready to take responsibility, including the withdrawal of my degree.
Surakarta, July 11th , 2015
Virina Sekar Arum
iv
MOTTO
Man jadda wajada
– “whoever does something persistently will be successful”
(Arabic Proverb in The Novel “Negeri 5 Menara ”)
v
DEDICATION
With wholehearted praise, I dedicate this thesis gratefully, to:
My Parents
My Older Sister
My Thesis Supervisor Prof. Drs. Riyadi Santosa, M.Ed., Ph.D
My Friends Majoring English Linguistics in English Department UNS.
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillah, all praise are given to Allah SWT due to the blessing and
mercies for us. This thesis, entitled “Interpersonal Meaning Analysis of The Editorial
in The Jakarta Post Compared to The Editorial in The Jakarta Globe Representing
The Role of Mass Media in Indonesian Presidential Election 2014”, could not be
done without His mercy.
This acknowledgement is especially dedicated to these wonderful people
supporting me in completing this thesis. I want to express my gratitude and
appreciation to all of their contribution for this masterpiece:
1. Prof. Drs. Riyadi Santosa, M.Ed., Ph.D, as the Dean of Faculty of Cultural
Sciences, Sebelas Maret University, and as my thesis consultant, for the
guidance, precious contributions and beneficial suggestions during the process
of the thesis writing.
2. Drs. Agus Hari Wibowo, M.A, PhD, the Head of English Department, for
giving me a permission to write this thesis.
3.
Ardianna Nuraeni, S.S.,M.Hum, as my academic consultant, who has
supported and inspired me through her guidance after all my academic years.
4. All of the lecturers of English Department for valuable knowledge, inspiring
story, motivation, and massive experiences motivated me to keep studying.
vii
5. Bapak (H. Eddie Cahyono, S.E.) and Ibu (Hj.Rachmani Sepsiwiarti) for the
never ending love, prayers, everything, and also to my world‟s most beautiful
older sister (Paramita Putri Larasati, S.I.Kom.), for never ending support.
6. English Department 2011, especially for Dhika, Anggita, Muthia, Devi,
Tasya, Tabita, Rahma, Nindy, Selvi, (Internship partners ;) Julio, Lukas, Reni,
for discussing and working together and also supporting and cheering each
other during completing our credits semester, including our thesis.
7. KKN- Desa Munggur , the extraordinary members; Linda, Upik, Tantan, Putri,
Fika, Julio, Made, Faisal, Itqan, to pass the plenty missions excellently, and
finally, we permit to finish study plans, including this thesis.
8. Voca Erudita- Student Choir of Sebelas Maret University, especially for Prof.
Dr. Ir. Susy Susmartini, MSIE, as the supervisor, and the incredible members,
especially for mbak Ana and mbak Widhi, thanks for sharing voice, music,
dance, meals, beverages, room, laugh, tears, knowledge, experience, and life
in the last four years.
Finally, I hope this thesis contributes to a benefit for students with
Systemic Functional Linguistics or Mass Media studies interest. Moreover, I look
forward for any suggestions or any other ideas that can make it better for the one
who reads and needs it.
Surakarta, July 11th, 2015
Virina Sekar Arum
viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE ............................................................................................................. i
APPROVAL OF THESIS CONSULTANT ................................................. ii
APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS .................................... iii
PRONOUNCEMENT .................................................................................... iv
MOTTO .......................................................................................................... v
DEDICATION ................................................................................................ vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................. vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................... ix
LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES ............................................................. xi
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... xiii
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A.Background ..................................................................................... 1
B. Research Questions ......................................................................... 6
D. Research Objectives ........................................................................ 7
E. Research Significant ........................................................................ 7
F. Research Limitation ......................................................................... 7
CHAPTER II
LITERATURE REVIEW
A. Systemic Functional Linguistics ..................................................... 8
B. Mass Media .................................................................................... 42
C. President Election in Indonesian .................................................... 49
ix
D. Political Campaign .......................................................................... 50
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Research Design .............................................................................. 52
B. Research Location ........................................................................... 53
C. Source of Data and Data .................................................................. 53
D. Sampling ......................................................................................... 54
E. Validity ............................................................................................ 54
F. Technique of Data Collection .......................................................... 55
G. Technique of Data Analysis ............................................................ 55
CHAPTER IV DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSIONS
A. Introduction ..................................................................................... 62
B. Findings ........................................................................................... 63
C. Discussions ...................................................................................... 99
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
A. Conclusions ..................................................................................... 121
B. Suggestions ...................................................................................... 125
BIBLIOGRAPHY .......................................................................................... 126
APPENDICES
x
LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES
Table 2.1 Commodity Exchange ...................................................................... 24
Table 2.2 Modulation and Modalization .......................................................... 34
Table 3.1 Example of sub-domain analysis...................................................... 56
Table 3.2 Example of sub-domain analysis...................................................... 57
Table 3.3 Presence of mood structure of The Jakarta Globe Editorial .......... 58
Table 3.4 Example of componential analysis .................................................. 60
Table 4.1 Analysis on mood structure .............................................................. 64
Table 4.2 Analysis on transitivity..................................................................... 67
Table 4.3 Analysis on thematic structure ......................................................... 72
Table 4.4 Analysis on lexis system ................................................................... 77
Table 4.5 Example of analyzing lexis system ................................................... 78
Table 4.6 Analysis on modality ........................................................................ 79
Table 4.7 Analysis on mood structure .............................................................. 83
Table 4.8 Analysis on transitivity..................................................................... 85
Table 4.9 Analysis on thematic structure ......................................................... 89
Table 4.10 Analysis on lexis system ................................................................. 93
Table 4.11 Example of analyzing lexis system ................................................. 94
Table 4.12 Analysis on modality ..................................................................... 96
Table 4.13 Analyzing Status based on Componential Analysis ....................... 100
Table 4.14 Analyzing Status based on Componential Analysis ....................... 109
xi
Figure 2.1 Mood system .................................................................................. 25
Figure 2.2 Dynamic ideology perspective ....................................................... 42
Figure 3.1 The diagram of data analysis (Spradley,1980) .............................. 55
xii
ABSTRACT
Virina Sekar Arum. C0311044. Interpersonal Meaning Analysis of The Editorial
in The Jakarta Post Compared to The Editorial in The Jakarta Globe Representing
The Role of Mass Media in Indonesian President Election 2014 (SFL Approach).
Thesis: English Department, Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Sebelas Maret
University.
This research aims to reveal the interpersonal meaning analysis of The
Editorial in The Jakarta Post and The Editorial in The Jakarta Globe relating the issue
of Indonesian voters‟ characteristics. It is also conducted to reveal the similarities and
differences between them. Finally, it aims to reveal the writers‟ reason in using
interpersonal meaning, regarding the theory of mass media, media and election, and
socio-cultural and political condition in Indonesia. Thus, it can reveal whether the
results of this research correspond with those related theories or not.
This research belongs to descriptive qualitative research applying purposive
sampling to select the data source. Thus, with several considerations, the editorials of
The Jakarta Post (are we all bigots?) and The Jakarta Globe (smear campaign hide
real message) are selected. In collecting data, it applies total sampling technique,
since involving all of clauses within the texts. This research focuses on interpersonal
meaning analysis, employing status and affect. Finally, the data are examined using
„content analysis‟ and resulting several points;
First, generally, the analysis of lexicogrammar, and genre show equal status
between the writer and the readers. It is realized by the domination proposition
clauses in the texts. Meanwhile, the different tendency of the other aspects, for
example, transitivity, and the different genre used by the text indicates that The
Jakarta Post editorial is more implicit than The Jakarta Globe editorial in persuading
the readers. Furthermore, affect of the two texts regarding the main issue is negative,
realized by negative attitude and negative polarity within the clauses.
Second, based on the analysis of ideology, the reason of writers using
interpersonal meaning is they want the election run well. The other reason is based on
the socio-cultural and political situation of Indonesia that the writer does not commit
to give opinion and certain stance related to governmental issue.
Therefore, third, the role of mass media of Indonesia is not completely
appropriate as the role of mass media in the other democratic country, for example,
United States. Although, shaping opinion in society, the interpersonal meaning of
textsdoes not indicate the opinion directing the readers to believe one of candidates.
However, the equal status indicated by the writers is one of motives in increasing the
subscriber and obtaining profit for the newspapers‟ company.
xiii
JAKARTA POST COMPARED TO THE EDITORIAL IN THE JAKARTA
GLOBE REPRESENTING THE ROLE OF MASS MEDIA IN INDONESIAN
PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION 2014
(SFL Approach)
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of Requirement for Sarjana Sastra Degree
at English Department The Faculty of Cultural Sciences
Sebelas Maret University
By:
VIRINA SEKAR ARUM
C0311044
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF CULTURAL SCIENCES
SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY
2015
i
ii
iii
PRONOUNCEMENT
I state truthfully that this thesis entitled “Interpersonal Meaning Analysis of The
Editorial in The Jakarta Post Comparing with The Editorial in The Jakarta Globe
Representing The Role of Mass Media in Indonesian President Election 2014 ” is
originally written by myself, as the researcher. It is no way a plagiarism. The previous
works which are related to this thesis are all written in the form of quotations and
included in the bibliography. If later, this pronouncement is proved incorrect, I as the
researcher am ready to take responsibility, including the withdrawal of my degree.
Surakarta, July 11th , 2015
Virina Sekar Arum
iv
MOTTO
Man jadda wajada
– “whoever does something persistently will be successful”
(Arabic Proverb in The Novel “Negeri 5 Menara ”)
v
DEDICATION
With wholehearted praise, I dedicate this thesis gratefully, to:
My Parents
My Older Sister
My Thesis Supervisor Prof. Drs. Riyadi Santosa, M.Ed., Ph.D
My Friends Majoring English Linguistics in English Department UNS.
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillah, all praise are given to Allah SWT due to the blessing and
mercies for us. This thesis, entitled “Interpersonal Meaning Analysis of The Editorial
in The Jakarta Post Compared to The Editorial in The Jakarta Globe Representing
The Role of Mass Media in Indonesian Presidential Election 2014”, could not be
done without His mercy.
This acknowledgement is especially dedicated to these wonderful people
supporting me in completing this thesis. I want to express my gratitude and
appreciation to all of their contribution for this masterpiece:
1. Prof. Drs. Riyadi Santosa, M.Ed., Ph.D, as the Dean of Faculty of Cultural
Sciences, Sebelas Maret University, and as my thesis consultant, for the
guidance, precious contributions and beneficial suggestions during the process
of the thesis writing.
2. Drs. Agus Hari Wibowo, M.A, PhD, the Head of English Department, for
giving me a permission to write this thesis.
3.
Ardianna Nuraeni, S.S.,M.Hum, as my academic consultant, who has
supported and inspired me through her guidance after all my academic years.
4. All of the lecturers of English Department for valuable knowledge, inspiring
story, motivation, and massive experiences motivated me to keep studying.
vii
5. Bapak (H. Eddie Cahyono, S.E.) and Ibu (Hj.Rachmani Sepsiwiarti) for the
never ending love, prayers, everything, and also to my world‟s most beautiful
older sister (Paramita Putri Larasati, S.I.Kom.), for never ending support.
6. English Department 2011, especially for Dhika, Anggita, Muthia, Devi,
Tasya, Tabita, Rahma, Nindy, Selvi, (Internship partners ;) Julio, Lukas, Reni,
for discussing and working together and also supporting and cheering each
other during completing our credits semester, including our thesis.
7. KKN- Desa Munggur , the extraordinary members; Linda, Upik, Tantan, Putri,
Fika, Julio, Made, Faisal, Itqan, to pass the plenty missions excellently, and
finally, we permit to finish study plans, including this thesis.
8. Voca Erudita- Student Choir of Sebelas Maret University, especially for Prof.
Dr. Ir. Susy Susmartini, MSIE, as the supervisor, and the incredible members,
especially for mbak Ana and mbak Widhi, thanks for sharing voice, music,
dance, meals, beverages, room, laugh, tears, knowledge, experience, and life
in the last four years.
Finally, I hope this thesis contributes to a benefit for students with
Systemic Functional Linguistics or Mass Media studies interest. Moreover, I look
forward for any suggestions or any other ideas that can make it better for the one
who reads and needs it.
Surakarta, July 11th, 2015
Virina Sekar Arum
viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE ............................................................................................................. i
APPROVAL OF THESIS CONSULTANT ................................................. ii
APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS .................................... iii
PRONOUNCEMENT .................................................................................... iv
MOTTO .......................................................................................................... v
DEDICATION ................................................................................................ vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................. vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................... ix
LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES ............................................................. xi
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... xiii
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A.Background ..................................................................................... 1
B. Research Questions ......................................................................... 6
D. Research Objectives ........................................................................ 7
E. Research Significant ........................................................................ 7
F. Research Limitation ......................................................................... 7
CHAPTER II
LITERATURE REVIEW
A. Systemic Functional Linguistics ..................................................... 8
B. Mass Media .................................................................................... 42
C. President Election in Indonesian .................................................... 49
ix
D. Political Campaign .......................................................................... 50
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Research Design .............................................................................. 52
B. Research Location ........................................................................... 53
C. Source of Data and Data .................................................................. 53
D. Sampling ......................................................................................... 54
E. Validity ............................................................................................ 54
F. Technique of Data Collection .......................................................... 55
G. Technique of Data Analysis ............................................................ 55
CHAPTER IV DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSIONS
A. Introduction ..................................................................................... 62
B. Findings ........................................................................................... 63
C. Discussions ...................................................................................... 99
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
A. Conclusions ..................................................................................... 121
B. Suggestions ...................................................................................... 125
BIBLIOGRAPHY .......................................................................................... 126
APPENDICES
x
LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES
Table 2.1 Commodity Exchange ...................................................................... 24
Table 2.2 Modulation and Modalization .......................................................... 34
Table 3.1 Example of sub-domain analysis...................................................... 56
Table 3.2 Example of sub-domain analysis...................................................... 57
Table 3.3 Presence of mood structure of The Jakarta Globe Editorial .......... 58
Table 3.4 Example of componential analysis .................................................. 60
Table 4.1 Analysis on mood structure .............................................................. 64
Table 4.2 Analysis on transitivity..................................................................... 67
Table 4.3 Analysis on thematic structure ......................................................... 72
Table 4.4 Analysis on lexis system ................................................................... 77
Table 4.5 Example of analyzing lexis system ................................................... 78
Table 4.6 Analysis on modality ........................................................................ 79
Table 4.7 Analysis on mood structure .............................................................. 83
Table 4.8 Analysis on transitivity..................................................................... 85
Table 4.9 Analysis on thematic structure ......................................................... 89
Table 4.10 Analysis on lexis system ................................................................. 93
Table 4.11 Example of analyzing lexis system ................................................. 94
Table 4.12 Analysis on modality ..................................................................... 96
Table 4.13 Analyzing Status based on Componential Analysis ....................... 100
Table 4.14 Analyzing Status based on Componential Analysis ....................... 109
xi
Figure 2.1 Mood system .................................................................................. 25
Figure 2.2 Dynamic ideology perspective ....................................................... 42
Figure 3.1 The diagram of data analysis (Spradley,1980) .............................. 55
xii
ABSTRACT
Virina Sekar Arum. C0311044. Interpersonal Meaning Analysis of The Editorial
in The Jakarta Post Compared to The Editorial in The Jakarta Globe Representing
The Role of Mass Media in Indonesian President Election 2014 (SFL Approach).
Thesis: English Department, Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Sebelas Maret
University.
This research aims to reveal the interpersonal meaning analysis of The
Editorial in The Jakarta Post and The Editorial in The Jakarta Globe relating the issue
of Indonesian voters‟ characteristics. It is also conducted to reveal the similarities and
differences between them. Finally, it aims to reveal the writers‟ reason in using
interpersonal meaning, regarding the theory of mass media, media and election, and
socio-cultural and political condition in Indonesia. Thus, it can reveal whether the
results of this research correspond with those related theories or not.
This research belongs to descriptive qualitative research applying purposive
sampling to select the data source. Thus, with several considerations, the editorials of
The Jakarta Post (are we all bigots?) and The Jakarta Globe (smear campaign hide
real message) are selected. In collecting data, it applies total sampling technique,
since involving all of clauses within the texts. This research focuses on interpersonal
meaning analysis, employing status and affect. Finally, the data are examined using
„content analysis‟ and resulting several points;
First, generally, the analysis of lexicogrammar, and genre show equal status
between the writer and the readers. It is realized by the domination proposition
clauses in the texts. Meanwhile, the different tendency of the other aspects, for
example, transitivity, and the different genre used by the text indicates that The
Jakarta Post editorial is more implicit than The Jakarta Globe editorial in persuading
the readers. Furthermore, affect of the two texts regarding the main issue is negative,
realized by negative attitude and negative polarity within the clauses.
Second, based on the analysis of ideology, the reason of writers using
interpersonal meaning is they want the election run well. The other reason is based on
the socio-cultural and political situation of Indonesia that the writer does not commit
to give opinion and certain stance related to governmental issue.
Therefore, third, the role of mass media of Indonesia is not completely
appropriate as the role of mass media in the other democratic country, for example,
United States. Although, shaping opinion in society, the interpersonal meaning of
textsdoes not indicate the opinion directing the readers to believe one of candidates.
However, the equal status indicated by the writers is one of motives in increasing the
subscriber and obtaining profit for the newspapers‟ company.
xiii