Agroforestry System: An Effort To Critical Land Rehabilitation At Sulung Area PT. Citra Borneo Indah Central Kalimantan

Proceedings of the International Symposium on Tropical Forest Ecosystem Science and Management 2013

AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM: AN EFFORT TO CRITICAL LAND REHABILITATION AT
SULUNG AREA PT. CITRA BORNEO INDAH CENTRAL KALIMANTAN
By:
Abdul Rauf *1, Rahmawaty 2, Rimbun Situmorang3, and Dwi Hartanto3
1
Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Sumatera Utara University
Email: a_rauf_soil@yahoo.co.id
2
Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, Sumatera Utara University
Email: rahmawaty1974@gmail.com
3
PT. Citra Borneo Indah, Pangkalan Bun, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia
Summary: A land area of approximately 118.52 ha of PT. Citra Borneo Indah (CBI) located in
Sulung Area, Arut Selatan, Kotawaringin Barat, Central Kalimantan Province is a very critical
area with a thickness of 0-15 cm soil solum (very shallow), rocky, flat to wavy, and the expanse
of impermeable layer in some places the surface. Land with this condition can not be cultivated
for oil palm cultivation which is the main commodity of PT. CBI. In 2006, this critical area began
empowered by the application of agroforestry systems based on cattle/forage grass, fruit trees,
and forests. In Agroforestry systems can be classified into Agrosilvopastural type. Based on

observations in February 2013 note that 49.48 ha (41.75%) of the degraded grazing land has
become (grazzing/ pasture/runch) with the type of grass were Bracharia decomben, Tully
Grass, Paspalum dilatatum, Buffel Grass, and Star Grass. On a land area of 35.30 ha
(29.78%) is land with orchard grass for cut grass (species Taiwan Grass, King Grass, Elepant
Grass, Panikum maximum and Setaria. Forest conservation and captive deer are in an area
of 24.89 ha (21%). The remaining area of 8.85 ha (7.47%) in the form of land plant fruit trees
(Durian, Rambutan, Orange, Longan, and Mango).
Keywords: Critical land, Agroforestry, Agrosilvopastural

INTRODUCTION
Currently, critical areas such as any form have become a resource that should be empowered
to fulfill the necessities of life, food, clothing, shelter, and energy. Degraded land caused by
land degradation and soil erosion resulting in lower layers of soil and even rock surface slopes
to the steep hills were commonly cultivated, both with high agro technology (capital-intensive),
and the simple Agro technology (Rauf, 2011). Cultivation on degraded lands can be done
through several ways, namely: big hole, hole in hole, vertical mulch, ponds, rorak, swales, and
terassering (Arsyad, 2000). Thus, critical land gradually increase the value of economic, social
and environmental
Degraded land due to inundation, tidal land, wetlands, and other types of wetlands that had
been abandoned, already reclaimed to agriculture, such as: surjan system, ponds,

Silvofishery. Even for garden or recreation (water-based) such as: dams, fishing land, area of
natural habitat for fish and birds and others. Likewise with critical land in the concession area
of PT. Citra Borneo Indah (CBI) covering an area of approximately 118.52 acres located in
Sulung Area, Arut Selatan, Kotawaringin Barat, Central Kalimantan Province, since 2006 has
been developed for the application of agroforestry systems based on cattle/forage grass, fruit
trees, and forests.
Land is very critical (0-15 cm soil solum thickness/very shallow), rocky, flat to wavy, and the
expanse of impermeable layer in some places the surface is now used for the cultivation of
Corresponding

author

1

Proceedings of the International Symposium on Tropical Forest Ecosystem Science and Management 2013

forage grass crops in combination with fruits and forests as well as maintaining an integrated
cattle. In Agroforestry systems can be classified into Agrosilvopastural type (Chundawat and
Gautam, 1993; Michon et al.,1989). Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the extent of
degraded land in the concession area of PT. Citra Borneo Indah (CBI) that can be empowered

to agro-based economic activities with a major component of grass and cattle (type
agrosilvopastural), plant / fruit trees and forest trees.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Land rehabilitation studies based on agroforestry system was done in PT. Citra Borneo Indah
(CBI) in March 2013. The study was conducted using descriptive methods, field surveys and
interviews with managers of the farm division of PT. Citra Borneo Indah. Some of the activities
that have been undertaken, namely: the collection of secondary data (related to cattle, fodder
grass, cultivation, and distribution) and primary data (observation forage grass, fruit trees,
forest trees, livestock, pasture, and soil conditions).
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Critical land in the concession area of PT. Citra Borneo Indah (CBI) with area of 118.52
hectares was distributed based on typology of various of land uses, as presented in Table 1.
Table 1: Types of critical land use in PT. Citra Borneo Indah (CBI) based on typology of land
No.

Typology of Land

1

Flat to wavy, solum:

shallow to very
shallow, rocky coralgravel

2

Flat to wavy, solum:
moderate deep,
gravel

Area
Types of use
Ha
%
49.48
41.75 grazzing/pasture/
runch

35.30

29.78 Gardens Grass

3

Wavy to slope, there
24.89
21.00 Forest
is the river channel,
conservation
solum: moderate
deep
4
Wavy to slope, banks
8.85
7.47 Fruits Garden
of the
swamp/reservoirs,
solum: moderate
deep
Total
118.52 100.00

Sources: Observations and interviews (2013)

Component
Bracharia decomben,
Tully Grass,
Paspalum dilatatum,
Buffel Grass, and
Star Grass
Taiwan Grass, King
Grass, Elepant grass,
Panikum maximum,
and Setaria
tropical forest and
captive deer

Durian, Rambutan,
Orange, Longan,
Mango and grass
under the stand
-

Based on Table 1, on the land area approximately 49.48 hectares with Flat to wavy, solum:
shallow to very shallow, rocky coral-gravel (even without solum), planted with grass for
grazing pastures with rotation such that the land does not get damaged and recovery occurs
tillers/shoots grass. If the block is not used for grazing (rested), the fertilization with manure
and compost use of existing cowshed. Whereas the slightly more fertile land with moderate
deep solum (35.3 ha) planted with non-grazing forage grass (Taiwan Grass, King Grass,
Elepant grass, Panikum maximum, and Setaria). The critical areas with different types of use,

2

Proceedings of the International Symposium on Tropical Forest Ecosystem Science and Management 2013

can be used to sustain the increased of productivity and controlling land degradation (Table
1).
On the Wavy to slope with moderate deep solum, there is the river channel, land area of
approximately 24.89 ha, in the upper reaches of the estimated prone to landslides and erosion
as well as to secure the springs and river channel dedicated to forest conservation to the type
of natural vegetation and tropical forests in one part is used for captive deer. While on the
downstream with conditions Wavy to slope, banks of the swamp/reservoirs, moderate deep

solum planted with fruit trees such as: Durian, Rambutan, Orange, Longan, Mango and grass
under the stand. All fruit trees and forage grass that was cultivated fertilized using manure
comes from cows raised cage by PT. CBI. Thus, critical land previously not utilized a resource
that can provide economic benefits and the land can be rehabilitated which provide social and
environmental benefits.
The births of cattle average per year for two years (2011-2012) is 168.5 (Table 2). This
provides economic benefits. While the births of cattle per month in 2011 and 2012 in PT.Citra
Borneo Indah presented in Figures 1 and 2.
Table 2: The total of cattle births per month in the last two years in PT.CBI
Month

2011
2012
bull
heifer
Total
bull
heifer
Total
88

71
159
107
71
Average
7.33
5.92
13.25
8.92
5.92
Source: Archives Management of Livestock Division PT. CBI (2013)
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0

Total
178
14.84

bull
heifer

Figure 1: The births of cattle per month in 2011 in PT.Citra Borneo Indah
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0

bull
heifer

Figure 2: The births of cattle per month in 2012 in PT. Citra Borneo Indah

3

Proceedings of the International Symposium on Tropical Forest Ecosystem Science and Management 2013

Based on Table 2, it can be seen that the births of cattle average per month in 2011 is 13.25
and in 2012 increased to 14.84. in terms of the increasing of cattle, bulls are generally better
than the heifer that is 1.24 times more in 2011 and 1.51 times more in 2012. The bulls will be
more profitable because the price is more expensive than the heifer.
In terms of land management can be seen that there are linkages between the upstream
region (in the form of forest conservation as a backup) and a water source and in the middle
(in the form of pasture and grazing), while downstream of the form of cultivation of horticulture
crops (fruits) that transect of land use these can be categorized into agroforestry systems with
land distribution sequentially. In terms of its constituent components, agroforestry systems are
categorized as Agrosilvopastural (the combination of agricultural commodities (in this case
fruit trees) and trees (vegetation) of forest and pasture and livestock (cattle). This study is in
agreement with Lal (1995) and Nair (1989).
CONCLUSIONS
Critical land in the concession area of PT. Citra Borneo Indah (CBI) rehabilitated by applying
the concept of agroforestry with agrosilvopastural type. Of 118.52 hectares of critical land in
the area PT.CBI, approximately 24.89 acres in the upper reaches are used for conservation
and captive deer, the middle area of 60.19 hectares are used for pasture and forage grass
cultivation, while in the downstream area of 8.85 hectares used for the cultivation of fruit trees.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We are grateful to the Management of PT. Citra Borneo Indah (especially to Mr. Rimbun
Situmorang, Mr. Budi Setiawan, Mr. Ramzi Sastra, and Mr. Dwi Hartanto for providing
professional assistance and the University of Sumatera Utara (USU), Medan, Indonesia, for
support this study.
REFERENCES
Rauf, A. (2011). Agroforestry systems; Measuring Empowerment Sustainable Land. USU
Press. Medan.
Arsyad, S. (2000). Soil and Water Conservation. Cetakan ke 3. IPB Press, Bogor.
Chundawat, B.S., and S.K. Gautam. (1993). Textbook of Agroforestry. Oxford & IBH
Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
Lal, R. (1995). Sustainable Management of Soil Resources in the Humid Tropics. United
Nation University Press, Tokyo.
Michon, G., F. Mary., and J. Bompard. (1989). Multistoreyed Agroforestry Garden System in
West Sumatra Indonesia, In. Agroforestry System in The Tropics. Edited by: P.K.R.
Nair. Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands. p. 242-268.
Nair, P.K.R. (1989). Agroforestry System in The Tropics. Kluwer Academic Publishers, The
Netherlands.

4

12/2/2018

Gmail - Submission-Oral and Poster Presentation-rahmawaty et al.

Rahmawaty PhD

Submission-Oral and Poster Presentation-rahmawaty et al.
4 messages

rahmawaty hamsuddin
To: zara@btu.upm.edu.my, Dr seca
Cc: rahmawaty
Bcc: a_rauf_soil@yahoo.co.id, ramzisastra

Tue, Aug 20, 2013 at 11:13 AM

Dear Dr. Seca Gandaseca and Dr. Zamri bin Rosli
please find our full paper both oral and poster as attached. kindly to
inform me if the paper already receipt.
thank you
regards,
Rahmawaty
On 8/1/13, zara@btu.upm.edu.my wrote:
> Dear all,
>
> Our technical committee have decided to extend the date for submitting the
> extended abstract before or on 20 August 2013 (Tuesday). Any extended
> abstract that is received after 20 August 2013 (Tuesday) will not be
> published in proceedings.
>
> Please note that the deadline is at midnight at Malaysian Time.
>
> Thank you very much for your kind attention and cooperation.
>
>
>
> Sincerely,
>
> The Secratariat
> International Symposium
> 2nd International Symposium on Tropical Forest Ecosystem Science and
> Management: Challenges and Solutions
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
2 attachments
Oralpresentation-rahmawatyetal-USU.docx
50K
Poster-rahmawatyetal-USU.docx
40K
https://mail.google.com/mail/u/1?ik=346879a4fa&view=pt&search=all&permthid=thread-f%3A1443859793265699358&simpl=msg-f%3A14438597932…

1/2

12/2/2018

Gmail - Re: Acceptance letter-Rahmawaty

Rahmawaty PhD

Re: Acceptance letter-Rahmawaty
9 messages

Rahmawaty
To: "zara@btu.upm.edu.my"

Mon, Jun 17, 2013 at 2:14 PM

Thank you so much for the information..
Could you Pls to send me acceptance letter?
Sent from my iPad
On 17 Jun 2013, at 09:42, zara@btu.upm.edu.my wrote:
>
> Dear Assoc. Prof. Dr. Rahmawaty,
>
> Received.
>
> Thank you very much.
>
>
> Secratariat
> International Symposium 2013
> Bintulu Sarawak
>
> _______________________________________________________________
>> Fyi,
>>
>> Regards,
>>
>> Rahmawaty
>>
>> Sent from my BlackBerry® smartphone from Sinyal Bagus XL, Nyambung
>> Teruuusss...!
>>
>> -----Original Message---->> From: Rahmawaty
>> Date: Mon, 17 Jun 2013 09:10:54
>> To: seca@btu.upm.edu.my
>> Cc: rahmawaty
>> Subject: SAP-Rahmawaty
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>
>
> ZAHORA BINTI ISMAIL
> Pegawai Penyelidik
> Fakulti Sains Pertanian dan Makanan
> Universiti Putra Malaysia Kampus Bintulu Sarawak
>
> Tel. Pejabat : 086-85470
> Email : zara@btu.upm.edu.my
>
zara@btu.upm.edu.my

Mon, Jun 17, 2013 at 3:16 PM

https://mail.google.com/mail/u/1?ik=346879a4fa&view=pt&search=all&permthid=thread-f%3A1438072973229671678&simpl=msg-f%3A14380729732…

1/4

12/2/2018

Gmail - Re: Acceptance letter-Rahmawaty

To: Rahmawaty
Cc: seca@btu.upm.edu.my, zamri@btu.upm.edu.my
Dear Assoc. Dr. Rahmawaty,
I am pleased to send you the official invitation letter.
Kindly please find it on the attached file.
See you in Bintulu Sarawak & have a nice day ahead!
[Quoted text hidden]

Invitation Letter- Assoc. Prof. Dr. Rahmawaty.pdf
292K
rahmawaty1974@gmail.com
Reply-To: rahmawaty1974@gmail.com
To: zara@btu.upm.edu.my

Mon, Jun 17, 2013 at 6:53 PM

Thank you so much and see you in bintulu serawak
Regards,
Rahmawaty
Sent from my BlackBerry® smartphone from Sinyal Bagus XL, Nyambung Teruuusss...!
-----Original Message----[Quoted text hidden]

zara@btu.upm.edu.my
To: rahmawaty1974@gmail.com

Fri, Jun 28, 2013 at 9:42 AM

Dear Assoc. Dr. Rahmawaty
We need your date of birth to proceed the air fare tickets booking.Please
email to us as soon as possible.
Thank you.

> Thank you so much and see you in bintulu serawak
>
> Regards,
> Rahmawaty
> Sent from my BlackBerryŽ smartphone from Sinyal Bagus XL, Nyambung
[Quoted text hidden]

rahmawaty1974@gmail.com
Reply-To: rahmawaty1974@gmail.com
To: zara@btu.upm.edu.my

Fri, Jun 28, 2013 at 10:45 AM

Fyi, my date b'day:
21 July 1974
thanks
Sent from my BlackBerry® smartphone from Sinyal Bagus XL, Nyambung Teruuusss...!
-----Original Message----From: zara@btu.upm.edu.my
Date: Fri, 28 Jun 2013 10:42:09
To:
Subject: Re: Acceptance letter-Rahmawaty
https://mail.google.com/mail/u/1?ik=346879a4fa&view=pt&search=all&permthid=thread-f%3A1438072973229671678&simpl=msg-f%3A14380729732…

2/4

12/2/2018

Gmail - Re: Acceptance letter-Rahmawaty

Dear Assoc. Dr. Rahmawaty
We need your date of birth to proceed the air fare tickets booking.Please
email to us as soon as possible.
Thank you.

> Thank you so much and see you in bintulu serawak
>
> Regards,
> Rahmawaty
> Sent from my BlackBerry® smartphone from Sinyal Bagus XL, Nyambung
[Quoted text hidden]

Zahora Ismail
To: "rahmawaty1974@gmail.com"

Fri, Jun 28, 2013 at 10:59 AM

Noted and thank you very much.

Sent from my iPhone
[Quoted text hidden]

rahmawaty1974@gmail.com
Reply-To: rahmawaty1974@gmail.com
To: Zahora Ismail

Fri, Jun 28, 2013 at 11:12 AM

You r wellcome
Sent from my BlackBerry® smartphone from Sinyal Bagus XL, Nyambung Teruuusss...!
-----Original Message----[Quoted text hidden]

zara@btu.upm.edu.my
To: rahmawaty1974@gmail.com
Cc: zara@btu.upm.edu.my, seca@btu.upm.edu.my, zamri@btu.upm.edu.my

Mon, Jul 1, 2013 at 10:11 AM

Dear Dr. Rahmawaty,
Please find herewith attached travel itinerary for your reference and kind
perusal. Have a safe trip and see you in Bintulu.
Thank you.
Zahora
3 attachments
Rahmawaty (KL-BTU-KL).pdf
469K
Rahmawaty (Medan-KL-Medan).pdf
456K
AAV-ID-2013-0328263-HHD7FB-Rahmawaty Rahmawaty-EN-1.pdf
76K
rahmawaty1974@gmail.com
Reply-To: rahmawaty1974@gmail.com

Mon, Jul 1, 2013 at 11:50 AM

https://mail.google.com/mail/u/1?ik=346879a4fa&view=pt&search=all&permthid=thread-f%3A1438072973229671678&simpl=msg-f%3A14380729732…

3/4

12/2/2018

Gmail - Re: Acceptance letter-Rahmawaty

To: zara@btu.upm.edu.my
Cc: seca@btu.upm.edu.my, zamri@btu.upm.edu.my
Dear Dr Seca and Dr Zahora,
Thank you so much for the tickets..cu in bintulu
Regards,
Rahmawaty
Sent from my BlackBerry® smartphone from Sinyal Bagus XL, Nyambung Teruuusss...!
-----Original Message----From: zara@btu.upm.edu.my
Date: Mon, 1 Jul 2013 11:11:24
To:
Cc: ; ;
Subject: Re: Acceptance letter-Rahmawaty
[Quoted text hidden]

https://mail.google.com/mail/u/1?ik=346879a4fa&view=pt&search=all&permthid=thread-f%3A1438072973229671678&simpl=msg-f%3A14380729732…

4/4

12/2/2018

Gmail - Fw: Extended Abstract Submission-Oral Presentation

Rahmawaty PhD

Fw: Extended Abstract Submission-Oral Presentation
1 message

rahmawaty1974@gmail.com
Reply-To: rahmawaty1974@gmail.com
To: abdul rauf

Thu, Aug 1, 2013 at 12:48 PM

Fyi
Powered by Telkomsel BlackBerry®
-----Original Message----From: zara@btu.upm.edu.my
Date: Thu, 1 Aug 2013 09:46:31
To: ; ; ; ;
; ; ; ;
; ; ; ;
; ; ; ;
; ; ; ;
; ;
Cc: ;
Subject: Extended Abstract Submission-Oral Presentation
Dear all,
Our technical committee have decided to extend the date for submitting the
extended abstract before or on 20 August 2013 (Tuesday). Any extended
abstract that is received after 20 August 2013 will not be published in
proceedings.
Thank you very much for your kind attention and cooperation.
Sincerely,
The Secratariat
International Symposium
2nd International Symposium on Tropical Forest Ecosystem Science and
Management:Challenges and Solutions

Guideline for extended abstract-1.docx
101K

https://mail.google.com/mail/u/1?ik=346879a4fa&view=pt&search=all&permthid=thread-f%3A1442144429727527291&simpl=msg-f%3A14421444297…

1/1