AN ANALYSIS OF LOGICO-SEMANTIC RELATION OF CLAUSE COMPLEXES IN BREAKING NEWS OF VOA
AN ANALYSIS OF LOGICO-SEMANTIC RELATION OF
CLAUSE COMPLEXES IN BREAKING NEWS OF VOA
By:
EMI WIDIASTUTI
2009-32-250
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY
MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY
2013
i
ii
AN ANALYSIS OF LOGICO-SEMANTIC RELATION OF
CLAUSE COMPLEXES IN BREAKING NEWS OF VOA
SKRIPSI
Presented to the University of Muria Kudus
in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing the Sarjana
Program in the Department of English Education
By:
EMI WIDIASTUTI
2009-32-250
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY
MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY
2013
iii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
MOTTO
Say no to hopelesness.
If Allah has a will, so it is happened.
“Whatever your past may have been, but your future is still spotless”
“A person who never made mistake, never tried anything new”
DEDICATION
This skripsi is dedicated to:
Allah SWT (the best Architec in my life).
My beloved parents (Mr. Santoso and Mrs.
Lasmi) who always give me love, pray and
support.
My beloved sister (Eva Adelia Agustina)
who gives motivation in finishing this
research.
My late grandfather and uncle (Mr. Matrejo
and Mr. Sutarno) who always did the best
and supported me when they were still alive.
My beloved friends who always support me.
iv
ADVISORS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the Skripsi of Aniq Emi Widiastuti (2009-32-250) has
been approved by the Skripsi advisors for further approval by the Examining
Committee.
Kudus, July 15, 2013
Advisor I
Advisor II
v
EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the Skripsi of Emi Widiastuti (2009-32-250) has been
approved by the examining committee as a requirement for the Sarjana Degree of
English Education.
Kudus, July 2013
Skripsi Examining Committee
Chairperson
Member
Agung Dwi Nurcahyo,S.S, M.Pd
NIS. 0610701000001187
Member
Member
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alkhamdulillah. Praise to Allah, my gratitude runs to Allah who gives me
an amazing power in accomplishing my skripsi entitled “An Analysis of LogicoSemantic Relation of Clause Complexes in Breaking News of VOA”.
I realize, without any support, suggestion, encouragement, and guidance
from many people I would not be able to finish this skripsi. In this opportunity,
then I would like to express her deep appreciation to:
1. Dr. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd as the dean of Teacher Training and Education
Faculty of Muria Kudus University.
2. Diah Kurniati, S.Pd, M.Pd as the Head of English Education Department of
Muria Kudus University.
3. Rismiyanto, S.S, M.Pd. as the first advisor who has given guidance,
correction, and suggestion wisely in accomplishing this research.
4. Diah Kurniati, S.Pd, M.Pd as the second advisor who has given guidance,
correction, and suggestion wisely in accomplishing this research.
5. The lecturers English Education Department who have given me great
knowledge, so that the writer can finish writing this research.
6. My beloved parents (Mr. Santoso and Mrs. Lasmi) who always give me love,
pray, care and support.
7.
My beloved sister (Eva Adelia Agustina) who gives me motivation in
finishing this research.
vii
8. My late grandfather and uncle (Mr. Matrejo and Mr. Sutarno) who always did
the best and supported me when they were still alive.
9. My beloved special friends of life (Auw, Ifa, Dwi, Erni, Anik, Nay, Nafis,
Vivin) who give me a worth togetherness.
10. My close friend (J), for his pray and care.
11. And to all everyone who gives me support that I can not mention one by one.
Finally, I will happily welcome any constructive criticism and suggestion.
Hopefully, the research would give contribution for the lecturer/teacher and
students.
Emi Widiastuti
viii
ABSTRACT
Widiastuti, Emi. 2013. An Analysis of Logico-Semantic Relation of Clause
Complexes in Breaking News of VOA. Skripsi. English Education
Department, Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Muria Kudus
University. Advisors: (i) Rismiyanto, S.S, M.Pd., (ii) Diah Kurniati, S. Pd,
M.Pd.
Key words: Logico-Semantic Relation, Clause Complex, Breaking News of VOA.
Logico semantic relation is the way in which clauses either independent or
dependent build on the meaning of the clauses that are related. It means that to
realize the meaning in a clause complex, we need logico-semantic relation.
Students still have many difficulties in analyzing clause complex. It means that
they also have difficulties in understanding logico-semantic relation. I analyze
logico-semantic relation of clause complexes in breaking newsof VOA, especially
entertaiment news. Because, I assume that there are many students are interested
in watching entertainment news, especially the students of Muria Kudus
University.
The objective of this research is to discover the use of logico-semantic
relation of clause complexes in entertainment news of breaking news’ VOA in
2013 edition. That main objective involves two further objectives are to discover
the types of taxis used in entertainment news of breaking news’ VOA in 2013
edition and to discover the kinds of logico-semantic relation used in entertainment
news of breaking news’ VOA 2013 edition
This is descriptive qualitative research. The data of the research is logicosemantic relation meanwhile the entertainment news of breaking news’ VOA is as
the data source of the research.
Based on the finding of this research, the types of logico-semantic relation
that mostly use in the entertaiment news of breaking news’ VOA is Elaboration
which the reporter of the entertaiment news of breaking news’ VOA elaborates
on the meaning of another by further specifying or describing. To report a news,
we should give a clear information by elaborating it to avoid misunderstanding.
And the least use is idea. Idea is what the someone thought and sense. It means
that if we give information to the listener, it should be be fact. And the truth that
someone thought and sense is not sure yet. The listener will be doubt if we give
information use projection idea.
From this research, I hope the lectures and students pay attention more the
logico-semantic relation, especially elaboration because it is the mostly use. And
for the further researcher, I hope that the next researchers can develop their study
probably by conducting a much more detail study about this related topic but in
other data source.
ix
ABSTRAK
Widiastuti, Emi. 2013. Analisis hubungan logico-semantic dalam kalusa kompleks
di liputan berita VOA. Skripsi. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan,
Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Universitas Muria Kudus. Pebimbing: (i)
Rismiyanto, S.S, M.Pd., (ii) Diah Kurniati, S. Pd, M.Pd.
Kata kunci: Hubungan logico-semantic , klausa kompleks, liputan berita VOA
Hubungan logico-semantic adalah proses dimana klausa induk ataupun
klausa anak membangun makna dari klausa-klausa yang berhubungan. Itu berarti
untukmerealisasikan makna dalam sebuah klausa kompleks kita membutuhkan
hubungan makna yang logis. Para murid masih mempunyai banyak kesulitan
dalam menganalisis klausa kompleks. Itu berarti mereka juga mempunyai
kesulitan dalam memahami hubungan logico-semantic.Saya menganalisis
hubungan logico-semantic dalam klausa kompleks di liputan berita VOA.
Khususnya berita hiburan. Karena saya berasumsi bahwa bnyak mahasiswa yang
tertaik menonton liputan berita hiburan, khususnya mahasiswa UMK.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penggunaan hubungan
logico-semantic dalam klausa kompleks yang terdapat dalam liputan berita
hiburan VOA edisi 2013. Tujuan utama tersebut mencakup dua tujuan lainnya
yaitu untuk mengetahui tipe taxis yang terdapat dalam liputan berita hiburan VOA
edisi 2013 dan mengetahui tipe hubungan makna logis yang terdapat dalam
liputan berita hiburan VOA edisi 2013.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Data dari
penelitian ini merupakan hubungan logico-semantic, sedangkan liputan berita
hiburan VOA sebagai sumber data dari penelitian ini.
Berdasarkan hasil penemuan dalam penelitian ini,tipe hubungan logicosemantic yang paling banyak digunakan di dalam liputan berita VOA adalah
Penjabaran yang mana pembawa berita tersebut menjabarkan makna dengan
menspesifikasikan dan menggambarkan makna tersebut. Untuk melaporkan berita,
kita harus menyampaikan informasi yang jelas untuk menghindari
kesalahpahaman. Dan yang paling banyak digunakan adalah ide. Ide adalah apa
yang seseorang pikirkan dan rasakan. Itu berarti untuk menyampaikan informsi
kepada pendengar seharusnya bersifat fakta agar mereka tidak ragu. Kebenaran
yang orang pikir itu belum tentu benar.
Dari penelitian ini, saya berharap para pengajar, dan siswa lebih
memperhatikan tentang hubungan logico-semantic, khususnya penjabaran karena
penjabaran yang paling sering digunakan. Dan untuk peneliti selanjutnya, saya
berharap agar mereka mengembangkan penelitian ini dengan topik yang
berhubungan tetapi berbeda dalam penggunaan sumber data.
x
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
COVER ........................................................................................................
LOGO ...........................................................................................................
TITLE ..........................................................................................................
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ...................................................................
ADVISOR’S APPROVAL .........................................................................
EXAMINER’S APPROVAL ......................................................................
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..........................................................................
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................
ABSTRAK ...................................................................................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................
LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................
LIST OF APPENDICES ............................................................................
i
ii
iii
iv
v
vi
vii
ix
x
xi
xiv
xvi
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Research ..................................................................
1
1.2 Statement of the Problems .....................................................................
4
1.3 Objectives of the Research ....................................................................
4
1.4 Significances of the Research ................................................................
5
1.5 Scope of the Research ............................................................................
5
1.6 Operational Definition ...........................................................................
6
CHAPTER II REVIEW TO RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Clause .......................................................................................................
6
2.1.1 Clause Classification Based on Traditional Grammar ...................
6
2.1.2 Clause Classification Based on Functional Grammar ..................... 10
2.2 Clause Complex ......................................................................................... 13
2.2.1 Definition of Clause Complex ......................................................... 13
2.2.2 Types of Relationship between Clauses........................................... 14
2.2.2.1Taxis .................................................................................... 14
2.2.2.1.1 Parataxis ............................................................... 15
2.2.2.1.2 Hypotaxis ............................................................. 16
2.2.2.2 Logico-Semantic Relation .................................................. 18
xi
2.2.2.2.1 Expansion ............................................................. 18
2.2.2.2.2 Projection .............................................................. 26
2.3 VOA ........................................................................................................... 29
2.3.1 Breaking News ................................................................................. 30
2.3.1.1 Entertaiment News in Breaking News of VOA ................. 30
2.3.1.2 Oscar 2013 .......................................................................... 30
2.4 Review to Previous Research ..................................................................... 31
2.5 Theoritical Framework ............................................................................... 32
CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH
3.1 Design of the Research .............................................................................. 33
3.2 Data and Data Source ................................................................................ 34
3.3 Data Collecting .......................................................................................... 34
3.4 Data Analysis ............................................................................................ 35
CHAPTER IV FINDING OF THE RESEARCH
4.1 The Use of Logico-Semantic Relation in Entertainment News of
Breaking News’ VOA ............................................................................... 38
4.1.1 Types of Taxis Used in the Entertainment News of Breaking
News’ VOA ................................................................................... 38
4.1.2
Types of Logico-Semantic Relation Used in the
Entertainment News of Breaking News’ VOA ............................ 46
CHAPTER V DISCUSSION
5.1 The Use of Logico-Semantic Relation of Clause Complexes in
Entertaimnet News of Breaking News’ VOA ........................................... 57
5.1.1 The Types of Taxis used in Entertaiment News of Breaking
News’ VOA ................................................................................... 57
5.1.1.1 Parataxis ............................................................................ 57
5.1.1.2 Hypotaxis .......................................................................... 69
5.1.2 The Types of Logico-Semantic Relation used in
Entertaiment News of Breaking News’ VOA............................. 79
5.1.2.1 Elaboration ...................................................................... 80
xii
5.1.2.2 Extension ........................................................................ 84
5.1.2.3 Enhancement ................................................................... 88
5.1.2.4 Locution .......................................................................... 91
5.1.2.5 Idea.................................................................................. 94
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
6.1 Conclusion ................................................................................................ 97
6.2 Suggestion ................................................................................................. 99
REFERENCES .............................................................................................
APPENDICES ...............................................................................................
STATEMENT ................................................................................................
CURRICULUM VITAE ...............................................................................
xiii
101
103
125
126
LIST OF TABLES
Table
Page
2.1 The Example of Independent and Dependent Clause ................................ 9
2.2 Example of Dependent Clause .................................................................. 9
2.3 Types of Minor Clause .............................................................................. 10
2.4 The example of Non-elliptical and Elliptical Clause ................................. 11
2.5 The Example of Using a Subordinating Relator, A Relator WHWords, and Relative Word ........................................................................ 11
2.6 The use of Group Functionong as the Predicator of Inependent
Clause ........................................................................................................ 11
2.7 The Example of Embedded and Non-Embedded ....................................... 12
2.8 The Example of the Function and the Structure in the Clause ................... 13
3.1 The Use of Logico-Semantic Relation ....................................................... 36
3.2 Recapitulation of the Calculations of Typess of Logico-Semantics
Relation ..................................................................................................... 36
4.1.1.1 The First Video “Two Films, Directors Are Top Oscar
Contenders” ....................................................................................... 39
4.1.1.2 The Second Video “Five Actresses Compete For Coveted
Oscar” ................................................................................................ 40
4.1.1.3 The third video “Most Entertaining Documentary May Win The
Oscar” ................................................................................................ 41
4.1.1.4 The fourth video “Daniel Day-Lewis Wins 3rd Oscar for
‘Lincoln” ............................................................................................ 43
4.1.1.5 The fifth video “Stars Shine at Academy Awards” ........................... 45
4.1.2.1 The first video: “Two Films, Directors Are Top Oscar
Contenders”........................................................................................ 46
4.1.2.2 The second video “Five Actresses Compete for Coveted Oscar” ........ 48
4.1.2.3 The third video “Most Entertaining Documentary May Win The
Oscar” ................................................................................................ 50
4.1.2.4 The fourth video “Daniel Day-Lewis Wins 3rd Oscar for
‘Lincoln” ............................................................................................ 52
4.1.2.5 The fifth video “Stars Shine at Academy Awards” ............................. 53
xiv
4.1.3 Recapitulation of the Calculations of Typess of Logico-Semantics
Relation ................................................................................................... 55
xv
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix
Page
1.
Two Films, Directors Are Top Oscar Contenders ..................................
103
2.
Five Actresses Compete For Coveted Oscar..........................................
105
3.
Most Entertaining Documentary May Win the Oscar ............................
107
4.
Daniel Day-Lewis Wins 3rd Oscar for 'Lincoln'.....................................
109
5.
Stars Shine at Academy Awards .............................................................
111
xvi
CLAUSE COMPLEXES IN BREAKING NEWS OF VOA
By:
EMI WIDIASTUTI
2009-32-250
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY
MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY
2013
i
ii
AN ANALYSIS OF LOGICO-SEMANTIC RELATION OF
CLAUSE COMPLEXES IN BREAKING NEWS OF VOA
SKRIPSI
Presented to the University of Muria Kudus
in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing the Sarjana
Program in the Department of English Education
By:
EMI WIDIASTUTI
2009-32-250
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY
MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY
2013
iii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
MOTTO
Say no to hopelesness.
If Allah has a will, so it is happened.
“Whatever your past may have been, but your future is still spotless”
“A person who never made mistake, never tried anything new”
DEDICATION
This skripsi is dedicated to:
Allah SWT (the best Architec in my life).
My beloved parents (Mr. Santoso and Mrs.
Lasmi) who always give me love, pray and
support.
My beloved sister (Eva Adelia Agustina)
who gives motivation in finishing this
research.
My late grandfather and uncle (Mr. Matrejo
and Mr. Sutarno) who always did the best
and supported me when they were still alive.
My beloved friends who always support me.
iv
ADVISORS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the Skripsi of Aniq Emi Widiastuti (2009-32-250) has
been approved by the Skripsi advisors for further approval by the Examining
Committee.
Kudus, July 15, 2013
Advisor I
Advisor II
v
EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the Skripsi of Emi Widiastuti (2009-32-250) has been
approved by the examining committee as a requirement for the Sarjana Degree of
English Education.
Kudus, July 2013
Skripsi Examining Committee
Chairperson
Member
Agung Dwi Nurcahyo,S.S, M.Pd
NIS. 0610701000001187
Member
Member
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alkhamdulillah. Praise to Allah, my gratitude runs to Allah who gives me
an amazing power in accomplishing my skripsi entitled “An Analysis of LogicoSemantic Relation of Clause Complexes in Breaking News of VOA”.
I realize, without any support, suggestion, encouragement, and guidance
from many people I would not be able to finish this skripsi. In this opportunity,
then I would like to express her deep appreciation to:
1. Dr. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd as the dean of Teacher Training and Education
Faculty of Muria Kudus University.
2. Diah Kurniati, S.Pd, M.Pd as the Head of English Education Department of
Muria Kudus University.
3. Rismiyanto, S.S, M.Pd. as the first advisor who has given guidance,
correction, and suggestion wisely in accomplishing this research.
4. Diah Kurniati, S.Pd, M.Pd as the second advisor who has given guidance,
correction, and suggestion wisely in accomplishing this research.
5. The lecturers English Education Department who have given me great
knowledge, so that the writer can finish writing this research.
6. My beloved parents (Mr. Santoso and Mrs. Lasmi) who always give me love,
pray, care and support.
7.
My beloved sister (Eva Adelia Agustina) who gives me motivation in
finishing this research.
vii
8. My late grandfather and uncle (Mr. Matrejo and Mr. Sutarno) who always did
the best and supported me when they were still alive.
9. My beloved special friends of life (Auw, Ifa, Dwi, Erni, Anik, Nay, Nafis,
Vivin) who give me a worth togetherness.
10. My close friend (J), for his pray and care.
11. And to all everyone who gives me support that I can not mention one by one.
Finally, I will happily welcome any constructive criticism and suggestion.
Hopefully, the research would give contribution for the lecturer/teacher and
students.
Emi Widiastuti
viii
ABSTRACT
Widiastuti, Emi. 2013. An Analysis of Logico-Semantic Relation of Clause
Complexes in Breaking News of VOA. Skripsi. English Education
Department, Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Muria Kudus
University. Advisors: (i) Rismiyanto, S.S, M.Pd., (ii) Diah Kurniati, S. Pd,
M.Pd.
Key words: Logico-Semantic Relation, Clause Complex, Breaking News of VOA.
Logico semantic relation is the way in which clauses either independent or
dependent build on the meaning of the clauses that are related. It means that to
realize the meaning in a clause complex, we need logico-semantic relation.
Students still have many difficulties in analyzing clause complex. It means that
they also have difficulties in understanding logico-semantic relation. I analyze
logico-semantic relation of clause complexes in breaking newsof VOA, especially
entertaiment news. Because, I assume that there are many students are interested
in watching entertainment news, especially the students of Muria Kudus
University.
The objective of this research is to discover the use of logico-semantic
relation of clause complexes in entertainment news of breaking news’ VOA in
2013 edition. That main objective involves two further objectives are to discover
the types of taxis used in entertainment news of breaking news’ VOA in 2013
edition and to discover the kinds of logico-semantic relation used in entertainment
news of breaking news’ VOA 2013 edition
This is descriptive qualitative research. The data of the research is logicosemantic relation meanwhile the entertainment news of breaking news’ VOA is as
the data source of the research.
Based on the finding of this research, the types of logico-semantic relation
that mostly use in the entertaiment news of breaking news’ VOA is Elaboration
which the reporter of the entertaiment news of breaking news’ VOA elaborates
on the meaning of another by further specifying or describing. To report a news,
we should give a clear information by elaborating it to avoid misunderstanding.
And the least use is idea. Idea is what the someone thought and sense. It means
that if we give information to the listener, it should be be fact. And the truth that
someone thought and sense is not sure yet. The listener will be doubt if we give
information use projection idea.
From this research, I hope the lectures and students pay attention more the
logico-semantic relation, especially elaboration because it is the mostly use. And
for the further researcher, I hope that the next researchers can develop their study
probably by conducting a much more detail study about this related topic but in
other data source.
ix
ABSTRAK
Widiastuti, Emi. 2013. Analisis hubungan logico-semantic dalam kalusa kompleks
di liputan berita VOA. Skripsi. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan,
Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Universitas Muria Kudus. Pebimbing: (i)
Rismiyanto, S.S, M.Pd., (ii) Diah Kurniati, S. Pd, M.Pd.
Kata kunci: Hubungan logico-semantic , klausa kompleks, liputan berita VOA
Hubungan logico-semantic adalah proses dimana klausa induk ataupun
klausa anak membangun makna dari klausa-klausa yang berhubungan. Itu berarti
untukmerealisasikan makna dalam sebuah klausa kompleks kita membutuhkan
hubungan makna yang logis. Para murid masih mempunyai banyak kesulitan
dalam menganalisis klausa kompleks. Itu berarti mereka juga mempunyai
kesulitan dalam memahami hubungan logico-semantic.Saya menganalisis
hubungan logico-semantic dalam klausa kompleks di liputan berita VOA.
Khususnya berita hiburan. Karena saya berasumsi bahwa bnyak mahasiswa yang
tertaik menonton liputan berita hiburan, khususnya mahasiswa UMK.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penggunaan hubungan
logico-semantic dalam klausa kompleks yang terdapat dalam liputan berita
hiburan VOA edisi 2013. Tujuan utama tersebut mencakup dua tujuan lainnya
yaitu untuk mengetahui tipe taxis yang terdapat dalam liputan berita hiburan VOA
edisi 2013 dan mengetahui tipe hubungan makna logis yang terdapat dalam
liputan berita hiburan VOA edisi 2013.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Data dari
penelitian ini merupakan hubungan logico-semantic, sedangkan liputan berita
hiburan VOA sebagai sumber data dari penelitian ini.
Berdasarkan hasil penemuan dalam penelitian ini,tipe hubungan logicosemantic yang paling banyak digunakan di dalam liputan berita VOA adalah
Penjabaran yang mana pembawa berita tersebut menjabarkan makna dengan
menspesifikasikan dan menggambarkan makna tersebut. Untuk melaporkan berita,
kita harus menyampaikan informasi yang jelas untuk menghindari
kesalahpahaman. Dan yang paling banyak digunakan adalah ide. Ide adalah apa
yang seseorang pikirkan dan rasakan. Itu berarti untuk menyampaikan informsi
kepada pendengar seharusnya bersifat fakta agar mereka tidak ragu. Kebenaran
yang orang pikir itu belum tentu benar.
Dari penelitian ini, saya berharap para pengajar, dan siswa lebih
memperhatikan tentang hubungan logico-semantic, khususnya penjabaran karena
penjabaran yang paling sering digunakan. Dan untuk peneliti selanjutnya, saya
berharap agar mereka mengembangkan penelitian ini dengan topik yang
berhubungan tetapi berbeda dalam penggunaan sumber data.
x
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
COVER ........................................................................................................
LOGO ...........................................................................................................
TITLE ..........................................................................................................
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ...................................................................
ADVISOR’S APPROVAL .........................................................................
EXAMINER’S APPROVAL ......................................................................
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..........................................................................
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................
ABSTRAK ...................................................................................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................
LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................
LIST OF APPENDICES ............................................................................
i
ii
iii
iv
v
vi
vii
ix
x
xi
xiv
xvi
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Research ..................................................................
1
1.2 Statement of the Problems .....................................................................
4
1.3 Objectives of the Research ....................................................................
4
1.4 Significances of the Research ................................................................
5
1.5 Scope of the Research ............................................................................
5
1.6 Operational Definition ...........................................................................
6
CHAPTER II REVIEW TO RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Clause .......................................................................................................
6
2.1.1 Clause Classification Based on Traditional Grammar ...................
6
2.1.2 Clause Classification Based on Functional Grammar ..................... 10
2.2 Clause Complex ......................................................................................... 13
2.2.1 Definition of Clause Complex ......................................................... 13
2.2.2 Types of Relationship between Clauses........................................... 14
2.2.2.1Taxis .................................................................................... 14
2.2.2.1.1 Parataxis ............................................................... 15
2.2.2.1.2 Hypotaxis ............................................................. 16
2.2.2.2 Logico-Semantic Relation .................................................. 18
xi
2.2.2.2.1 Expansion ............................................................. 18
2.2.2.2.2 Projection .............................................................. 26
2.3 VOA ........................................................................................................... 29
2.3.1 Breaking News ................................................................................. 30
2.3.1.1 Entertaiment News in Breaking News of VOA ................. 30
2.3.1.2 Oscar 2013 .......................................................................... 30
2.4 Review to Previous Research ..................................................................... 31
2.5 Theoritical Framework ............................................................................... 32
CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH
3.1 Design of the Research .............................................................................. 33
3.2 Data and Data Source ................................................................................ 34
3.3 Data Collecting .......................................................................................... 34
3.4 Data Analysis ............................................................................................ 35
CHAPTER IV FINDING OF THE RESEARCH
4.1 The Use of Logico-Semantic Relation in Entertainment News of
Breaking News’ VOA ............................................................................... 38
4.1.1 Types of Taxis Used in the Entertainment News of Breaking
News’ VOA ................................................................................... 38
4.1.2
Types of Logico-Semantic Relation Used in the
Entertainment News of Breaking News’ VOA ............................ 46
CHAPTER V DISCUSSION
5.1 The Use of Logico-Semantic Relation of Clause Complexes in
Entertaimnet News of Breaking News’ VOA ........................................... 57
5.1.1 The Types of Taxis used in Entertaiment News of Breaking
News’ VOA ................................................................................... 57
5.1.1.1 Parataxis ............................................................................ 57
5.1.1.2 Hypotaxis .......................................................................... 69
5.1.2 The Types of Logico-Semantic Relation used in
Entertaiment News of Breaking News’ VOA............................. 79
5.1.2.1 Elaboration ...................................................................... 80
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5.1.2.2 Extension ........................................................................ 84
5.1.2.3 Enhancement ................................................................... 88
5.1.2.4 Locution .......................................................................... 91
5.1.2.5 Idea.................................................................................. 94
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
6.1 Conclusion ................................................................................................ 97
6.2 Suggestion ................................................................................................. 99
REFERENCES .............................................................................................
APPENDICES ...............................................................................................
STATEMENT ................................................................................................
CURRICULUM VITAE ...............................................................................
xiii
101
103
125
126
LIST OF TABLES
Table
Page
2.1 The Example of Independent and Dependent Clause ................................ 9
2.2 Example of Dependent Clause .................................................................. 9
2.3 Types of Minor Clause .............................................................................. 10
2.4 The example of Non-elliptical and Elliptical Clause ................................. 11
2.5 The Example of Using a Subordinating Relator, A Relator WHWords, and Relative Word ........................................................................ 11
2.6 The use of Group Functionong as the Predicator of Inependent
Clause ........................................................................................................ 11
2.7 The Example of Embedded and Non-Embedded ....................................... 12
2.8 The Example of the Function and the Structure in the Clause ................... 13
3.1 The Use of Logico-Semantic Relation ....................................................... 36
3.2 Recapitulation of the Calculations of Typess of Logico-Semantics
Relation ..................................................................................................... 36
4.1.1.1 The First Video “Two Films, Directors Are Top Oscar
Contenders” ....................................................................................... 39
4.1.1.2 The Second Video “Five Actresses Compete For Coveted
Oscar” ................................................................................................ 40
4.1.1.3 The third video “Most Entertaining Documentary May Win The
Oscar” ................................................................................................ 41
4.1.1.4 The fourth video “Daniel Day-Lewis Wins 3rd Oscar for
‘Lincoln” ............................................................................................ 43
4.1.1.5 The fifth video “Stars Shine at Academy Awards” ........................... 45
4.1.2.1 The first video: “Two Films, Directors Are Top Oscar
Contenders”........................................................................................ 46
4.1.2.2 The second video “Five Actresses Compete for Coveted Oscar” ........ 48
4.1.2.3 The third video “Most Entertaining Documentary May Win The
Oscar” ................................................................................................ 50
4.1.2.4 The fourth video “Daniel Day-Lewis Wins 3rd Oscar for
‘Lincoln” ............................................................................................ 52
4.1.2.5 The fifth video “Stars Shine at Academy Awards” ............................. 53
xiv
4.1.3 Recapitulation of the Calculations of Typess of Logico-Semantics
Relation ................................................................................................... 55
xv
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix
Page
1.
Two Films, Directors Are Top Oscar Contenders ..................................
103
2.
Five Actresses Compete For Coveted Oscar..........................................
105
3.
Most Entertaining Documentary May Win the Oscar ............................
107
4.
Daniel Day-Lewis Wins 3rd Oscar for 'Lincoln'.....................................
109
5.
Stars Shine at Academy Awards .............................................................
111
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