A Comparative Study between Think-Pair-Share and Direct Instruction Method in Teaching Speaking (An Experimental Research at the 11th grade of Senior High School 4 Surakarta in 2017/2018 Academic Year) - UNS Institutional Repository

  

A Comparative Study between Think-Pair-Share and Direct

Instruction Method in Teaching Speaking

th

  

(An Experimental Research at the 11 grade of Senior High School

  

A THESIS

Indri Nastiti

K2213032

  

Submitted to Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret

University as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of Obtaining the

Undergraduate Degree of Education

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

  

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY

SURAKARTA

2017

  

PRONOUNCEMENT

  I would like to certify that this thesis entitled “A Comparative Study between Think-Pair-Share and Direct Instruction Method in Teaching Speaking (An Experimental Research at the 11th grade of Senior High School 4 Surakarta in 2017/2018 Academic Year) ” is not a product of plagiarism or made by others.

Anything related to others’ work is written in quotations, the source of which is listed

  on the bibliography.

  If then this pronocement proves wrong, I am ready to accept any academic punishment.

  Surakarta, October 2017 Indri Nastiti

  This thesis has been examined by the Examiners of Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta and has been accepted as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for achieving the Undergraduate Degree of Education in English Education Department. Date : Day : The Board of Examiners: 1.

  Chairman Teguh Sarosa, SS., M.Hum. (

  ………………………… ) NIP. 197302052006041001 2. Secretary

  Drs. Martono M.A ( ………………………… )

  NIP. 196003011988031004 3. First Examiner

  Dr. Ngadiso, M.Pd. ( ………………………… )

  NIP. 196212311988031009 4. Second Examiner

  Dewi Sri Wahyuni, S.Pd., M.Pd ( ………………………… )

  NIP. 197808182003122002 Teacher Training and Education Faculty

  Sebelas Maret University The Dean,

  Prof. Dr. Joko Nurkamto, M.Pd NIP 196101241987021001

  

ABSTRACT

Indri Nastiti. K2213032.

A Comparative Study between Think-Pair-Share and

  

Direct Instruction Method in Teaching Speaking (An Experimental Research at

th

the 11 Grade of Senior High School 4 Surakarta in 2017/2018 Academic Year).

  A Thesis, Surakarta: Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret University, October, 2017.

  This study was aimed to find out: (1) whether there is a significant difference in

speaking skill between students taught using Think-Pair-Share and those taught using

Direct Instruction Method; and (2) whether Think-Pair-Share is more effective than

Direct Instruction Method to teach speaking. The research method used in this

research is an experimental research design. This research was conducted at Senior

High School 4 Surakarta in 2017/2018 Academic Year. The population of the

th

research is the 11 grade of Social Class of Senior High School 4 Surakarta. The

samples are class XI IPS 4 as the experimental class which consists of 30 students

and class XI IPS 3 as the control class which consists of 30 students. The research

instrument used to collect the data in this study is test. The data were analysed by

using t-test formula. The computation of the t-test shows that t observation (t o ) =

3.117 is higher than t table (58, 0.05) = 2.001. Therefore, it can be concluded that

there is a significant difference in speaking skill between the students taught using

Think-Pair-Share and those taught using Direct Instruction Method. The mean score

of experimental group is 76.6, while the mean score of control group is 72.1.

Therefore, it can be concluded that Think-Pair-Share is more effective than Direct

Instruction Method to teach speaking.

  Key words: Think-Pair-Share, Direct Instruction Method, Speaking Skill.

  MOTTO

  When you have nobody to cry on, you still have Allah to put your head on Think positively, positive things will come

  (Indri Nastiti)

DEDICATION

  This thesis is dedicated to: 1.

  Allah SWT 2. My beloved parents 3. My older sister.

  

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

  First of all, the writer praises Allah SWT for His blessing to me that the writer can finish this thesis successfully. This thesis cannot be done without the assistance and guidance from many people. Therefore, the writer would like to offer her sincere thanks to:

  1. The Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret University.

  2. Teguh Sarosa, M.Hum as The Head of English Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty 3. Dr. Ngadiso, M.Pd., the writer’s first consultant, for his guidance and critical corrections during his busy schedule to make this thesis better.

  4. Dewi Sri Wahyuni, S.Pd., M.Pd. as the writer’s second consultant, for her guidance and advices.

  5. Drs. Martono, MA., the researcher’s academic consultant, for the motivation, kindness, and advice.

  6. Drs. M. Thoyibun, S.H., M.M., the Headmaster in SMA 4 Surakarta, who has given the writer permission for conducting the research.

  7. Drs. Isnaini Boedi Ratnawati, the English Teacher in SMA 4 Surakarta, for her sincerity in guiding the writer during the research. Thank you for the lesson.

  8. The English Education Department Lecturers for patiently giving valuable knowledge and experience for these years.

  9. The writer’s family, her beloved parents, for the prayers, supports, and patience.

  10. The writer’s best friends, Iik, Sari, Sita, Risti, Amira, Ayuk for being her second family.

  11. Arya Seta Martana, for being the writer’s reminder and always supports the writer. Thank you for the prayers.

  12. The writer’s best friend since Junior High School, Diah, Lina, Asna. Thank you for always supporting me.

  13. The writer’s best friend who are in the same consultant Risti, Makna, Ika.

  Thank you for the prayers and support.

  14. The writer’s best friend since Senior High School Mbon and Tea.

  15. Mb Gedis, thank you so much for a lot of help that is given to the writer.

  16. The A Class of English Education Department 2013 for the togetherness and memories for more than 4 years.

  17. KKN Purna Ngenden 18.

D’chiko army, Mbak Debby, Mbak Dimar, Ainy, Tea, Fatin, Afifah

  The writer is the one who is responsible of any errors that may remain in this work. Therefore, constructive feedback, comments, suggestions, and criticism are gratefully welcome for the betterment of this thesis. The writer hopes this thesis will give some knowledge for the reader and can contribute for further research in the future.

  Surakarta, October 2017 Indri Nastiti

  

TABLE OF CONTENTS

  Page TITLE OF THE RESEARCH .............................................................................. i PRONOUNCEMENT .......................................................................................... ii APPROVAL ......................................................................................................... iii LEGALIZATION OF EXAMINERS .................................................................. iv ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................... v MOTTO ......................................................................................................... vi DEDICATION ..................................................................................................... vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................... viii TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................... x LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................... xiii LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................. xiv LIST OF APPENDICES ...................................................................................... xv

  CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A.

  1 Background of the Study ...........................................................

  B.

  4 Problem Identification ...............................................................

  C.

  5 Problem Limitation ....................................................................

  D.

  5 Problem Statements ...................................................................

  E.

  5 Objectives of the Study .............................................................

  F.

  6 Benefit of the Study ..................................................................

  CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE A. The Nature of Speaking ............................................................ 7 1.

  7 Definition of Speaking .......................................................

  2.

  8 Theories of Indicators ..........................................................

  3. Teaching Speaking .............................................................. 11 4.

  Testing Speaking ................................................................. 16 B. Think-Pair-Share ......................................................................... 22 1.

  Definition of Think-Pair-Share ............................................ 22 2. The Steps of Think-Pair-Share ............................................ 23 3. The Advantages of Think-Pair-Share .................................. 25

  4. The Disadvantages of Think-Pair-Share .............................. 25 C. Direct Instruction Method ......................................................... 25 1.

  The Definition of Direct Instruction Method ....................... 25 2. The Steps of Direct Instruction Method ............................... 26 3. The Advantages of Direct Instruction Method .................... 28 4. The Disadvantages of Direct Instruction Method ................ 29 D. Rationale ................................................................................... 29 E. Hypothesis ................................................................................. 31

  CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD A. The Method of the Research ...................................................... 32 B. The Setting of the Research ...................................................... 32 C. The Subject of the Research ..................................................... 33 1. Population ............................................................................

  33 2. Sample .................................................................................

  33 3. Sampling ..............................................................................

  34 D. The Technique of Collecting Data ............................................. 34 E.

  The Techniques of Analyzing Data .......................................... 35 1.

  Descriptive Statistics ........................................................... 35 2. Normality Test ..................................................................... 38 3. Homogeneity Test ................................................................ 38 4. T-test .................................................................................... 39 F. Statistical Hypothesis ................................................................. 40

  CHAPTER IV THE RESULT OF THE STUDY A. Description of the Data ............................................................. 41 1. Pre-test Score ....................................................................... 41 a. Experimental Group ....................................................... 41 b. Control Group ................................................................ 44 2. Posttest Scores ..................................................................... 46 a. Experimental Group ....................................................... 46 b. Control Group ................................................................ 49 B. Prerequisite Tests ....................................................................... 51

  1. Pre-test Scores ...................................................................... 51 a.

  Similarity of Two Classes .............................................. 51 b.

  The Result of Normality Test ........................................ 52 c. The Result of Homogeneity Test ................................... 53 2. Posttest Scores ..................................................................... 53 a.

  The Result of Normality Test ......................................... 53 b. The Result of Homogeneity Test ................................... 54 C. Hypothesis Testing .................................................................... 54 1.

  The First Hypothesis ............................................................ 54 2. The Second Hypothesis ....................................................... 55 D. Discussion ................................................................................. 55

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION, IMPLICATION, AND SUGGESTION A. Conclusion ................................................................................ 58 B. Implication ................................................................................ 58 C. Suggestion ................................................................................. 59 BIBLIOGRAPHY ...............................................................................................

  61 APPENDICES .....................................................................................................

  65

  

LIST OF TABLES

Table 2.1 Criteria of Pronunciation proficiency .................................................. 19Table 2.2 Criteria of Grammar proficiency

  ………….… ................................... 19

Table 2.3 Criteria of Vocabulary proficiency ......................................................... 20Table 2.4 Criteria of Fluency proficiency ............................................................... 20Table 2.5 Criteria of Comprehension proficiency ................................................. 21Table 3.1 The schedule of the research .................................................................. 33Table 3.2 Readability of the instruction ................................................................. 35Table 4.1 The frequency distribution of experimental group pre-test scores ......... 42Table 4.2 The frequency distribution of control group pre-test scores ................... 45Table 4.3 The frequency distribution of experimental group post-test scores ....... 47Table 4.4 The frequency distribution of control group post-test scores ................. 50Table 4.5 The result of normality test for experimental and control groups pre- test scores ................................................................................................ 52Table 4.6 The result of normality test for experimental and control groups posttest scores ......................................................................................... 53

  

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 4.1 The Histogram of the Data Distribution of Pre-test Scores of the

  Experimental Group ...................................................................... 43

Figure 4.2 The Polygon of the Data Distribution of Pre-test Scores of the

  Experimental Group ..................................................................... 43

Figure 4.3 The Histogram of the Data Distribution of Pre-test Scores of the Control Group ......................................................................... 45Figure 4.4 The Polygon of the Data Distribution of Pre-test Scores of the

  Control Group ............................................................................... 46

Figure 4.5 The Histogram of the Data Distribution of Posttest Scores of the Experimental Group ................................................................ 47Figure 4.6 The Polygon of the Data Distribution of Posttest Scores of the

  Experimental Group ...................................................................... 47

Figure 4.7 The Histogram of the Data Distribution of Posttest Scores of the Control Group ......................................................................... 50Figure 4.8 The Polygon of the Data Distribution of Posttest Scores of the

  Control Group ............................................................................... 51

  LIST OF APPENDICES th Appendix 1 Syllabus of grade 11 of Senior High School ...............................

  65 Appendix 2 Lesson plan of the experimental and the control group ................

  70 Appendix 3 Readability of Try-out Test ........................................................... 137 Appendix 4 The Result of Readability of Speaking Test ................................. 138 Appendix 5 Speaking Test Instruction .............................................................. 141 Appendix 6 Pre-test scores of Experimental and Control Groups .................... 143 Appendix 7 Descriptive statistics of pre-test scores of experimental and control groups

  ………………………………………………....... 145 Appendix 8 Normality test of pre-test of experimental and control groups ..... 149 Appendix 9 Homogeneity test of pre-test of experimental and control groups 153 Appendix 10 Computation of t-test of pre-test of experimental and control groups ............................................................................................ 156 Appendix 11 Posttest scores of experimental and control groups ...................... 158 Appendix 12 Descriptive statistics of posttest scores of experimental and control groups ......................................................................... 160 Appendix 13 Normality test of posttest of experimental and control groups ..... 164 Appendix 14 Homogeneity test of post-test of experimental and control groups

  ........................................................................................................ 168 Appendix 15 Computation of t-test of post-test of experimental and control groups ............................................................................................ 171 Appendix 16

Students’ Worksheet ..................................................................... 176

  Appendix 17 Standard normal distribution table ................................................ 173 Appendix 18 Lilliefors table ............................................................................... 178 Appendix 19 Chi-square distribution table ......................................................... 179 Appendix 20 t-distribution table ......................................................................... 180 Appendix 21 Legalization ................................................................................... 181 Appendix 22 Photographs ................................................................................... 185