Brand names found in Reader`s Digest Magazine February 2014 Edition

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BRAND NAMES FOUND IN

READER'S DIGEST

MAGAZINE

FEBRUARY 2014 EDITION

AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS

Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

For the Degree of

Sarjana Sastra

in English Letter

By

JOHANNES P. SITUMORANG

Student Number: 104214001

ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAM

DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTER

FACULTY OF LETTERS

SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY

YOGYAKARTA

2014

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Sarjana

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Undergraduate Thesis

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Student Number: 104214001

Approved by:

Dr. B. Ria Lestari, M. Sc.

November 6, 2014

Advisor

Adventina Putranti, S. S., M. Hum.

November 6, 2014

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Undergraduate Thesis

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Student Number: 104214001

Defended before the Board of Examiners

On November 28, 2014

and Declared Acceptable

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XAMINERS

Name

Signature

Chairperson

:

Dr. F. X. Siswadi, M. A.

.

Secretary

:

Dra. A. B. Sri Mulyani, M. A., Ph. D. .

Member 1

:

Dr. Fr. B. Alip, M. Pd.., M. A.

.

Member 2

:

Dr. B. Ria Lestari, M. Sc.

.

Member 3

:

Adventina Putranti, S. S., M. Hum.

.

Yogyakarta, November 28, 2014

Faculty of Letters

Sanata Dharma University

Dean

Dr. F. X. Siswadi, M. A.

PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

(5)

v

STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY

I certify that this undergraduate thesis contains no material which has been

previously submitted for the award of any other degree at any university, and that,

to the best of my knowledge, this undergraduate thesis contains no material

previously written by any other person excepts where due reference is made in the

text of undergraduate thesis.

Yogyakarta, November 6, 2014

(6)

vi

LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH

UNTUK KEPENTINGAN AKADEMIS

Yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini, saya mahasiswa Universitas Sanata Dharma

Nama

: Johannes P. Situmorang

Nomor Mahasiswa

: 104214001

Demi Pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan, saya memberikan kepada Perpustakaan

Universitas Sanata Dharma karya ilmiah saya yang berjudul

BRAND NAMES FOUND IN

R

PAQPR

'S

QR SPS

T

_MAGAZINE

FEBRUARY 2014 EDITION

beserta perangkat yang diperlukan (bila ada). Dengan demikian saya memberikan

kepada Perpustakaan Universitas Sanata Dharma hak untuk menyimpan,

mengalihkan dalam bentuk media lain, mengelolanya dalam bentuk pangkalan

data, mendistribusikan secara terbatas, dan meminta ijin kepada saya maupun

memberikan royalti kepada saya selama tetap mencantumkan nama saya sebagai

penulis.

Demikian pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sebenarnya.

Dibuat di Yogyakarta

Pada tanggal 6 November 2014

Yang menyatakan

Johannes P. Situmorang

(7)

vii

"I never had a policy; I have

just tried to do my very

best each and every day."

(8)

viii

This Undergraduate Thesis Is Dedicated to

My Beloved Mother and Brother

and

My Late Uncle

(9)

ix

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

irst of all

, I am indebted to

Jesus Christ for giving me uncountable

blessings. He continues to bless me even though I am a sinner.

I would like to thank my mother for supporting and guiding me. I thank her

for her prayers and love.

I would like to thank Dr. B. Ria Lestari, M. Sc. for the suggestion, advices,

and patience on guiding me to write my undergraduate thesis.

I would like to thank Adventina Putranti, S. S., M. Hum. for the suggestion,

advices, and correction on my undergraduate thesis.

I would like to thank Dr. Fr. B. Alip, M. Pd., M. A. for giving me some

suggestion, correction, and advices to make my undergraduate better.

I would also like to thank all lecturers of English Department for guiding me

during my study in Sanata Dharma University.

I would like to thank all staff of Sanata Dharma University, especially the

library staff for accommodating me to find reliable sources for my undergraduate

thesis.

I would like to thank Mr. F.X. Sugiharto for giving me a shelter to study in

Yogyakarta. I would like also to thank my boarding house mates for

accompanying me for the last three years.

I would like to thank my English Letter Department friends for supporting

and befriending me. I thank them all for their support and care.

(10)

x

TITLE PAGE

ii

APPROVAL PAGE

iii

ACCEPTANCE PAGE

. iv

LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI ILMIAH

v

STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY

vi

MOTTO

vii

DEDICATION PAGE

... viii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

ix

. x

LIST OF TABLES

xii

ABSTRACT

. xiii

ABSTRAK

xiv

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

. 1

A. Background of the Study

1 B. Problem Formulation

3 C. Objective of the Study

.. 4

D. Definition of Terms

. 4

CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF STUDIES

7 A. Review of Related Studies

7 B. Review of Related Theories

9 C. Theoretical Framework

. 19

CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY

20 A. Object of the Study

.. 20

B. Approach of the Study

. 21

C. Method of the Study

21 1. Data Collection

21 2. Data Analysis

.. 21

CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS

. 23

A. Forms of Brand Names

.. 23

1. Based on Noun Categories

23 2. Based on Morphological Forms

.. 25

a. Compounding

. 25

b. Affixation

26 c. Acronym

. 30

d. Blending

.. 30

e. Conversion

31 f. Onomatopoeia

31 g. Eponyms

32 h. Word Borrowing

.. 34

i. Cranberry Morpheme

34

(11)

xi

. The Change of Pronounciation of the Words

.

34 1. Without Change

35 2. With Changes

.. 36

C. The Meaning of Brand Names .

37 1. Derived from Meaning Change

.. 39

a. Facebook .

39 b. Twitter .

.. 39

c. Reader's Digest

. 40

d. Blackberry

.. 40

e. Time .

40 f. i-Pad

41 g. Flyin-Saucer

..

.. 41

h. New York Times

42 2. Derived from Affixation Process

42 a. Dumpster

..

. 42

b. Cosmopolitan

. 42

3. Derived from Word Borrowing Process

43 a. Parasol

.. 43

,

b. Hula-Hoops

43 c.

Concorde

. 44

d. Aspirin ..

. 44

4. Derived from Persons, Things, and Places Name

44 a. Polo

. 44

b. Shaun the Sheep

45 c. Winnie the Pooh

..

.. 45

d. Lacoste

.

.. 46

e. Frisbee

... 46

f. Apollo 7

46 g. Armani ..

.. 46

h. Prada

.. 46

i. Thai

.. 46

5. Derived from Other Sources

. 47

a. Instagram

.. 47

b. Wham-O

47 c. NASA

.. 47

d. Actifed

.. 48

CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION

49 BIBLIOGRAPHY

51 APPENDICES

.. 55

Appendix 1: Data Collection of Coined Words

55

(12)

xii

LIST OF TABLES

Table

Title

Page

V W

ata of

rand

am

es

Common vs. Proper Noun

24

3 Tree Diagram of

Cosmopolitan

27

4 Tree Diagram of

Dumpster

27

5 Tree Diagram of

Times

28

6 Tree Diagram of

Hoops

28

7 Tree Diagram of

Reader's

29

8 Tree Diagram of

Flyin (Flying)

30

9 Pronunciation of Brand Names

36

(13)

xiii

ABSTRACT

S

ITUMORANG, JOHANNES, P.

Brand Names Found in

Reader's Digest

Magazine February 2014 Edition.

Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters,

Faculty of Letters, Sanata Dharma University, 2014.

Mass media, such as magazines, influences the development of a language.

They change the language of people by introducing new vocabularies from the

articles they write. One of new vocabularies which they introduce are brand

names. Brand names refer to the names of the products or trademarks which are

created by the companies to attract the costumers..

This research analyzes the brand names found in

Reader's Digest

magazine February 2014 edition. The popularity of the magazine and the

simplicity of the sentences in its articles are the reason why the writer decides to

choose this magazine to collect the data. In order to get deeper analysis, the writer

formulates three problems as followed: 1.What are the forms of brand names that

are found in

Reader s Digest

magazine? 2. What are the changes of the

pronunciation of brand names because of the word formation? 3. What are the

meanings of brand names?

There are 27 words which are collected from the magazine. Those words

are analyzed by using morphological approach since this research focuses on the

internal structure of words.

From the analysis of noun category, the writer finds all brand names are

uncountable. From the analysis of morphological forms, there are seven brand

names derived from compounding process. The writer finds two brand names

created from affixation process. There is one acronym. There are two brand names

comes from blending process. The writer finds one from conversion process.

There are two created from onomatopoeia process. The writer finds eight brand

names created from eponyms process. There is one brand name created from word

borrowing process. Last, there is one brand created by cranberry morpheme

process. From the analysis of pronunciation changes, the writer finds out two

brand names which the pronunciations change. The rests remain. From analysis of

the meanings, there are eight words which meanings are derived from the meaning

change process. The writer finds two brand names which meanings are taken from

the affixation process. Four brand names which meanings are taken from the word

borrowing process. There are nine brand names which meanings are derived from

the name of a person, a place, or a thing. Last, there are four brand names which

meanings are derived from the other sources.

(14)

xiv

ABSTRAK

S

ITUMORANG, JOHANNES, P .

Brand Names Found in

Reader's Digest

Magazine February 2014 Edition.

Yogyakarta: Program Studi Sastra Inggris,

Fakultas Sastra, Universitas Sanata Dharma, 2014.

Media massa, seperti majalah, mempengaruhi perkembangan suatu bahasa.

Mereka mengubah bahasa dengan mengenalkan kosa kata baru dalam artikel

artikel yang mereka tulis. Salah satu kosa kata baru tersebut adalah nama nama

brand. Nama brand merujuk pada nama produk atau trademark yang dibuat oleh

peusahaan - perusahaan untuk menarik minat pelanggan.

Riset ini menganalisis nama brand yang ditemukan pada majalah

Reader

Digest

edisi Februari 2014. Popularitas majalah dan kesederhanaan

kalimat-kalimat dalam artikel-artikelnya menjadi alasan penulis memilih majalah ini untuk

mengkoleksi data. Untuk mendapatkan analisis yang lebih dalam, penulis

memformulasikan tiga masalah sebagai berikut: 1. Apa saja bentuk bentuk dari

nama - nama brand yang ditemukan dalam majalah

Reader s Digest? 2. Apa saja

perubahan pengucapan pada nama - nama brand karena proses pembentukan kata.

3. Apa makna dari nama - nama brand tersebut?

Ada 27 kata yang dikumpulkan dari majalah. Kata tersebut dianalisis

menggunakan pendekatan morfologikal karena riset ini berfokus pada struktur

internal dari kata kata.

Dari analisis kategori kata benda, penulis menemukan semua kata koin

tidak dapat dihitung. Dari analisis bentuk morfologikalnya, ada tujuh nama brand

yang terbentuk dari proses kata majemuk. Penulis menemukan dua nama brand

berasal dari proses afiksasi. Ada satu akronim. Ada tiga nama brand yang

terbentuk melalu proses kata campuran. Penulis menemukan satu nama brand

berasal dari proses konversi kata. Ada dua nama brand dibentuk dari proses

onomatopoeia. Penulis menemukan delapan nama brand dibentuk dari proses

eponim., ada satu nama brand berasal dari proses peminjaman kata. Ada satu

nama brand terbentuk dari proses cranberry morfem. Dari analisis perubahan

pengucapan, penulis menemukan ada dua brand yang pengucapannya berubah.

Sisanya tetap. Dari analisis makna, ada delapan nama brand yang maknanya

berasal dari proses perubahan makna. Penulis menemukan dua nama brand yang

maknanya berasal dari proses afiksasi. Empat nama brand yang maknanya berasal

dari proses peminjaman kata. Ada sembilan nama brand yang maknanya berasal

dari nama orang, tempat, atau benda. Terakhir, ada empat nama brand yang

maknanya berasal dari sumber lain.

(15)

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PBC8616 .01 8 0 986 , 205->18 03 .-,4,97617-,->;.6 ,/,6= 05656.05 4<1->

18 0?-./>-.=617-,3 .-905 5 S

TBC8616 .01 8 0= 06 ,7 , 25->1 8 -50; .6 ,/,6= 05S

C. jective of the Study

V65 0/ -, 3 .-;<0= >-.=4< 61 7 -,: 1 8 0.0 6 .0 1 8 .0 0 -;W091 7X05 7 , 1 8 0 .0506 .98 B

Y8 0>7.5 1-;W091 7X07 5 1 -6,6< OM018 0>-.=5->; .6 ,/ ,6=05

.

Y8 0.06 .01?-1O305-> >-.= 5 1 861 6 .0 6 ,6<OM0/ 7 , 1 875 5 14/ O

.

N7.51

,

1- 7/ 0,1 7 >O 1 80 >-.= ;65 0/ -, 18 0 9-4,16;7 <7 1 O -> 1 8 0 ?-./5Z ?8 018 0. 18 0 ? -./5 6 .0 9-4,16;< 0 -. 4, 9-4,16;< 0

.

[09-,/75 1 -7 / 0,17>O18 0 >-.=5;650/ -,1 80 ?-./>-.=61 7 -,3 .- 9055 BY80 5 09-,/

-;W091 7X0 75 1 - 7 / 0,17>O 1 8 0 986 , 205 7 , 3 .-,4 ,97617-, 6 >>0 910/ ;O 18 0 ?-./

>-.= 61 7 -, 3 .-905 5B \,/ 18 0 187./ -;W091 7X0 7 5 1 - ],-? 18 0 = 06 ,7 ,25 - > ; .6,/

,6= 05

.

D. Definition of Terms

1. Definition of Morphology

^-.38 -<-2O

,

69 9-./7 ,2 \.6,-> > 6 ,/ N4/ 0= 6 ,

(

P QAQ@ P

),

75 18 0 ; .6 ,98 -> <7,2475 17951 861/ 06<5?7 18? -./5 :18 07.7,1 0.,6<5 1 .4 91 4.0

,

6 ,/8 - ?18 0 O6 . 0> -.= 0/ B

(19)

or insta

`ab

,

c dbef ghi jkl m an``fcobogf pb`hf e`q `c fn ` rs bn`q` tuvwxngc y z{`

af `cgnyc

,

cdb ef gh ijklm| q y snhb vx ugf s c ef xn gcy} c dbefgh ~ n `h n xwvgnw

b`hq `t|

.

pheme

sfgx dbs b qycdbsq`qsnwv `q c f u w n`tvntb

.

{c q ycdvy n ` ngoq cgngrv `qf `

f u n y fv `h n`h n sbn `q `t c dnc an ``fc ob uvgcdbg n `nwrbh

(

_gf spq` bc

.

,

).

sfgx dbsbang gqbyq`ufg snc qf `n ofvcc dbuv`ac qf `n `hs bn `q` t

.

3. Stem

ycbs q y c db onyb cf edqad f `b fg sfg b n uuqby ng b nc cn ad bh c f agbnc b n

sfg b af sxw b ufgs cdnc snr o b n`fcdbg y c bs fg n efg h

(

_gf s pq ` bc

.

,

).

{c sbn `y cdnc n y cbs an ` ob af s oq `bh q `c f n `fcdbg ycbs f g sfgx dbs b c f

agbncbn`b eefg hz

4. Word

fg `or

(

)

yc n c bhc dncnefghqyny fv ` h fgtgfvxf uyfv `hyc dnc

bxg by yby n sbn `q ` t n `h ufg sy n ` q `hbx b`hb`c v`qc f u n wn `tvntb

.

{c sbn`y c dnc

c dbadng nacbgq yc q af unef g hqyc dncq csvy caf `cnq`cdbsbn `q `t

.

5. Word Coinage

vwb

(

)

y c ncbhcdncefghafq`ntbqy

c db efgh ufg snc qf ` xg f abyy q` edqad n `be efgh q y ag bnc bh bqcdbg

hbwqobgnc bwr fg naaqh b`cnwwr eq c dfvc vyq`t c db fcdbg efg h ufg snc qf `

xgf aby yby n`h f uc b` ugfs y bbsq ` twr `fc dq`t

.

dqy q y n bgr gngb n ` h

v `af ssf ` s bc df h cf ag bnc b `b e efg hy } ovc q ` cdb s bhq n

,

x bfxwb cgr c f

fvc hfbnadfc dbgeq c dsfg bn `hobccbgef g hycf`n sbcdbqgxgf hv ac y zucb`

c dbyb c gn h bsng p `n s by ng b nhfxcbh or c d b sny y by n `h c dbr o bafs b

(20)

6

¡¢ ¢£¢ ¤ ¥ ¢¦¥¢¤ £ §¢ £ ¨ ©¥ £§ ¤ ¨¢ £

¢£¢ ¢ ¢¥ § ¢¡¢¢ ª¢

.

« ¤ §¢ ¤ ¢ ¤ ¬¥¢§ ¢ ¡£¥¢¤ ¢® ¤¤

¯ ¢¢ ° ± ¢¦ §¨ª ¢

,

²³´µ¶ ¤ ¨ ¥ ¢ ¤ ¥ ¢ ¥ ¢§ · ¥ ¢§ £ ¥¢

¢¨ª ¢¤ ¥¢ ¤¥ ¥ ¢§ ¤¬ ¥¤ ¢¦ §¨ª ¢

,

§¢

,

¸¹º ³

x

¢£¢ ¤ ¥ ¥¢

¨ ¥ ¨»§ ¢

,

¼³½´µ ¢£¢¤¥¥ ¢§ ¥ »ª ¢

.

(21)

7

¾¿ À

PT

R

ÂÂ

R

V

Â Á

W O

L

Â ÄÁ

R

TUR

ÅÆ ÇÈÉ Ê ËÈ ÌÍÇÎ ÏÐ ÇÈÎ ÑÏÉÇÎÏ ÏÎÒÉÎ ÑÊ ÇÈÎ Ï ÎÓ ÌÇÎÔ ÊÇÕÔÖ ÌÆÔ ÇÈÎ×ÏÉ ÎÊØ ÙÈÎ

Ê ÇÕÔÉ ÎÊÌÆÔÇÈÎ ×ÏÉÎ ÊÚÏ ×ÛÍÏÎÒÉ ×Õ ÊÑÏÉÇÎ Ï ÊÌÏ ÎÕ ÊÎÔÇ×ÜÎ ÇÔÎÎÍ ÎÏÕ ÆÔ ÎÏ ÊÇ ÌÆÔÉ ÆÜ×Æ

ÇÈÎ ÍÏÎ ÊÎ ÆÇ ÏÎÊÎÌÏËÈØ Ù ÈÎÏÎ ÌÏ Î ÇÈÏÎÎ ÍÌÏ ÇÊ ×Æ ÇÈÉ Ê ËÈ ÌÍÇÎÏÝ ÏÎÒÉ ÎÑ ×Ú ÏÎ ÓÌÇÎÔ

Ê ÇÕÔÉ ÎÊ ÐÏÎÒÉÎ Ñ×ÚÏÎÓ ÌÇÎÔÇÈÎ×ÏÉÎ Ê ÐÌÆÔÇÈÎ ×Ï ÎÇÉË ÌÓÚÏ ÌÛÎ Ñ× ÏÞØ

ÙÈÎÏÎ ÌÏÎ ÇÑ ×ÏÎ Ó ÌÇÎÔ Ê ÇÕÔÉ ÎÊ ÑÈÉ ËÈÌÏÎ Õ ÊÎÔÇ×È Î Ó Í ÇÈÉÊÏÎ ÊÎ ÌÏ ËÈ ØßÉÏ ÊÇ ÐÉÇ

É Ê ÌÆ Õ ÆÔÎÏÜÏ ÌÔÕÌÇÎ ÇÈ Î ÊÉ Ê Î ÆÇÉ Ç ÓÎÔ à áâ

udy of

the

ãäåæ

ish

ndonesi

èä

éêëä ëæ

ogic

èæèä ìí

orphologic

èæéîëï

esses of

ndonesi

èäéîëìðï

t

ñ èò

ing

óÖÅÊ ÇÉ

ôÏ ÌÇÉ ÑÉØ õ ÎË×ÆÔ ÉÊ ÚÏ ×Û ö ×Û ÍÕÏ Ì÷ Ì ßÏ ÌÆÊ õ Õ ÊÎÜ× õÌÏÌ ÜÉÈ

'

Ê Õ ÆÔÎÏÜÏÌÔÕ ÌÇ Î ÇÈÎ ÊÉ Ê Î ÆÇÉÇÓÎÔø

he

éî ù

fix

úù ûüàáâ

udy on

ts

orphology

èä ìí

e

èä ý

ngs

ÙÈÎ ÑÏÉÇÎÏ ÌÓÊ × ÍÏ Î ÊÎÆÇ Ê ÌÆÔ ÏÎÒÉÎ Ñ Ê Ê×Û Î Ï Î ÓÎ Ò ÌÆÇ ÇÈÎ ×ÏÉÎ Ê ÚÏ ×Û Ê ×ÛÎ

ÎÿÍÎÏÇ ÊØÙÈ ×ÊÎÇÈÎ ×ÏÉ Î ÊÌÏÎÈÎ ÓÍÚÕ ÓÇ ×ÌÆÊÑ ÎÏÇÈÎÍÏ×ó ÓÎÛÚ×ÏÛ Õ ÓÌÇÉ×ÆØ

ÅÆ ÇÈ Î ÇÈÎ ×Ï ÎÇÉË ÌÓ ÚÏÌÛÎÑ ×ÏÞÐ ÇÈÎ Ñ ÏÉÇÎÏ ÎÿÍÓ ÌÉÆÊ ÇÈÎ Ë×ÆÇÏÉóÕ ÇÉ ×Æ×Ú ÇÈ ×Ê Î

Ê ÇÕÔÉ ÎÊ ÌÆÔ ÇÈÎ ×ÏÉÎ Ê Ç× Ç ÈÎ ÍÏÎ Ê ÎÆÇ ÊÇÕÔÖÐ ÌÆÔ Ñ ÈÖ ÇÈ ×ÊÎ Ê ÇÕÔÖ ÌÆÔ ÇÈÎ× ÏÉ ÎÊ ÌÏÎ

ÆÎÎÔÎÔÌÆÔÈ ×ÑÇÈÎÖÌÏÎÌÍÍÓÉÎÔØ

R

w

u

w

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ÅÊ ÇÉ ô ÏÌÇÉÑÉ ÑÏ×ÇÎ ÊÉ ÛÉÓÌÏ Ç ×ÍÉË Ç × ÇÈÎÍÏÎÊÎ ÆÇ ÑÏÉÇÎÏ ÊÇ ×ÍÉËØ ÆÈÎ Ï ÇÈÎÊÉÊ

Î ÆÇÉÇÓÎÔ à áâ

udy of

the

ãäåæ

ish

ndonesi

èä é

honologic

èæ èä ì í

orphologic

èæ

(22)

8

!" # $% # & '!" # $% # #( ) ! '*%+

& , -" & ./ %+0 ) " ' +*(1 + 0 + $ + +" !" #$% #

& '!" #$% #!'% ) ! '* %+ & ,

" ' + * (2" %%#* + " + ! ' *%+ & !! ' 1 + "

& (## .# 2 (# # .# 2 +' (## .# 2 ! #((# # .# , 3 " # %%# * + " +

+" ' 1' !" # $ % # ! '% ! '* %+ & *%"

& # +2 $&+#+ 2&+ +" 2& +* 2) ' 0 ' +2+%,3"

# ) * +" + & '!" # $% # ! '% %%* '' ! '*%+ &

*%" %&! *$2 ' 0 + 2 " '+$ 2 +" ' *'% 2 )# %+2

'*!# % +,

4 ' + 1 + * ( & # ' + +" ! ' + + * (, - " #( ) +" 1 '

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rs

igest

& $ : ; . '* '( <=>? + #

#(: $+ " & '!" #$ % # !" # $% # ! ' % ) +" + ,@10 '2+"

+ * ())' +)'&4 ' + 1 + * (,-" !'++ * () %* #(+" +

) * + " & $ : 1 "# 4 ' + 1 $ + " ' + " + )'& AB C A 9

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ore

, -" ! ' +' '%" & '+ #%+"' '%" # + # H .*++ "

& $.'*$"+.(+ " + ,

2 T

J KL M

u

y

OPQ KRS T SUOPL

u

PP T

x

VK W

@ & ! *' / ;' 3 * $ 3 ' $" 1'+ * '$' * + + " + + #

he

Y E6

fix re

Z [ A GF

udy on

ts

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orphology

7^ 8 ]

e

7^_^ `a b ./ %+ 0 ) "

+ * ( + + )(+ " & $)! ' ) c

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(23)

de fghi g jf k llf mno pq r rpq fstilj puiv ri wqih j ri hflw mi ejkj pf e fx j ri

f gpypeqk ehmik epe yqfxjriz eyo pqrui gsq{ pjrjrin gix p|

r

}x gf mj{fij~mfo f y ~ h pljpf ek gpiq

he

ew

xford

eric

iction

k eh

he

eric

erit

icti

of the

ish L

jflfo oiljjrihkj k

erpq keko~q pqvr ixfw eh fwjj rkjjri fgpypefx {f ghq{pj rn gixp |

re

kgi

z eyo pqrv kj p ev gi el rv f gq iv k eh gi i i koq f xfw eh jrkj jrigi k gi q p|

mik ep eyq j rkj k gi s gfwyrj s~ j ri qwxxp |

re-

ri~ k gi

(

)

again

(

)

redo

(something) differently in order to change

(

)

again or redo (something)

differently in order to change,

(

)

back or again

(

)

back against

v keh

(

)

back or away

j ri g jrk e j rfq i qp| i |jgk mikep eyqv j ri n gi x p|

re-

l k e koq f xw eljpf ej fi mn rkqp if gqrpxjj rimik epeyf xkgffj

rpqn giq i ejq jwh~pqkoq fk eko~ pe yj rimik epe yfxj ri hkj kf {iu i gjrpq

q jwh~ pq h pxxigi ej xgf m ¡ kgkypr¢q jriqpq ri h kjk { rpl r k gi k eko~ ih f e j ri

mik ep ey pe jrpq q jwh~ pq jri s gk eh ek miq {rpl r k gi xfw eh p e j ri mkyk pei ri

hkjk lfoo i ljpf e pq ko q f hpxxi gi ej x gf m j riqpq { rpl r {kq {gpjji e s~ ¡kgkypr ri

hkjkk gij k iexgf m

Readers Digest

mkyk p eiisgwk g~£ ih pj pf e

¤¥

R

¦§¨ ¦

w

©ª« ¦¬®¦¯°±¦©²¨ ¦³

´¥ °± ¦©²

y

©ªµ ©²¯¶©²· ® ¨©¸

¹f ghl gikj pf epqkoq flkooih{f ghxfgmkjpf eºk e ~{fghxfgmkjpf eqfllwg

pe z eyo pqr

'

gkh~ i j ko mi ej pf eih q f mi xf gmq fx {f ghq ri~ kgi

lf mnfw eh p eyv k l gf e~m v f ef mkj fnfi pkv so iehpeyv sk l xf gmkjpf e v lo pnn peyv

lf eui gqpf e

l gkesigg~ mf gn ri miv kx xp |kj pf ev k eh lf peih {f ghq rfqi xf gmq

(24)

0

¼½¾¿ ½ÀÁÂÃÁ Ä Å ½ÆÂÇ ÈÆÉ Ê ËÉ Ì ½¾ÍÃÁÈÊ Ã ½Á ½Î Ê Å ½ Å ½ÆÂÇ ½Æ ¾ ½ÆÉ Ê ½ Ì ÆÉÈÊ É

Á ÉÅ ¾ ÉÈÁÃ ÁÄÏ Ð½ Æ ÉÑ È ¾¿ Ò ÉÓ

green

house

, pickpocket, blue collar, highborn,

rainbow, etc.

ÔÌ Æ½ÁÕ¾ Ã Ç È Å ½ÆÂ Î Æ½ ¾ ÊËÉ Ã ÁÃÊ ÃÈ Ò ½Î Ç ÉÖÉÆÈ Ò Å½ÆÂÇ Ó Ç ÀÌË

as UNESCO

Î Æ½¾

United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization

Ó½Æ

RAMS

(random access memory)

×Á ½¾ÈÊ ½¿ ½ÉÃÈ Ã Ç ÊËÉ Ç ½ ÀÁÂÇ ½Î Å ½ÆÂÇ Ç À¿¿ ½ÇÉÂ ÒÕ Ã¾Ã ÊÈÊ É ÊËÉ Ç ½ÀÁÂ ½ Î

ÁÈÊÀ ÆÉÏÐ½ÆÉÑ È ¾¿ ÒÉÓÃÁØ Á ÄÒÃ Ç ËÅÉÇ ÈÕ

cock-a-doodle-doo

Ê½ÆÉ¿ Æ ÉÇ ÉÁÊÊ ËÉÆ½Ç ÊÉÆ Ç Ì Æ½Å Ï

ÙÒ ÉÁÂÃ ÁÄ ÃÇ Ç Ã ¾Ã ÒÈ Æ Ê ½ Ì½¾¿ ½ÀÁÂÃÁ ÄÓ ÍÀÊ Ç½¾ É ¿È ÆÊÇ ½Î Å ½ÆÂ ÈÆ É ÌÀÊ ½Î Î

ÈÁÂÂ ÉÒÉÊ ÉÂÇ½Å É¾ÈÕÇÈÕ È Ò ÉÇ Ç Ì½¾¿ ½ÀÁÂÃÁÄ ÏÚ ½¾ ÉÅ ½ÆÂÇ ÒÃ ÛÉ

smog (smoke

+ fog), motel (motor + hotel), and brunch (breakfast + lunch)

È ÆÉ ÉÑÈ¾¿ ÒÉÇ ½Î ÍÒÉÁÂÇ Ï

ÙÈÌ ÛÎ ½Æ¾ÈÊ Ã ½Á ÃÇÊËÉ ¿Æ½Ì ÉÇÇ ½Î ¾È ÛÃÁÄÁÉÅ Å½ ÆÂÇ ÍÉÌÈÀÇÉ ½ÎÊËÉÀÇ É ½Î

Ê ËÉ Ã ÁÌ½ÆÆ ÉÌÊ ¾ ½ Æ¿ Ë½Ò½ÄÃÌÈÒ ÈÁÈÒÕÇÃ Ç Ï Ü É ÆÍÇ Ó ÒÃÛÉ

hawk

stoke

swindle

Ó ÈÁÂ

edit

Ì ½¾ÉÈÇÍÈÌ ÛÝÎ ½ Æ¾ÈÊÃ½ÁÇ½Î

hawker

stoker, swindler,

ÈÁÂ

editor.

Þ ½ÆÂÇ ÒÃÛÉ

prof

Î ½Æ

professor

½Æ

doc

Î½Æ

doctor

È ÆÉ ÌÈ ÒÒ ÉÂ È ÍÍÆ ÉÖÃ ÈÊÃ½ÁÏ

ßËÃ Ç¿ Æ½Ì ÉÇÇÃÇÇ½¾ÉÊÃ¾ÉÇÌÈ ÒÒÉÂÌ ÒÃ¿¿Ã Á ÄÏ

¼½Á ÖÉÆÇÃ½ÁÃÇÈ¿ Æ½Ì ÉÇ Ç ÊËÈÊÈÇ ÇÃÄÁÇÈÁÈÒ ÆÉÈÂÕÉÑ ÃÇ Ê ÃÁ Ä Ê ½Á ÉÅÈÇÕÁÊ ÈÌÊ ÃÌ

ÌÈÊ É Ä½ÆÕÏ àÊ ¾ÉÈÁÇ ÊËÈÊ ÊËÉ Å½ÆÂ Ã Ç ÄÃ ÖÉÁ È Á ÉÅ ÇÕÁÊÈÌÊÃ Ì ÌÈÊÉ Ä½ÆÕÈÁÂ ¾ÉÈÁÃ ÁÄÏ

Ð½ÆÉÑÈ¾¿ ÒÉÓÁ ½ÀÁÇÒÃÛÉ

walk, report, permit,

ÈÁÂ

contest

È ÆÉÂÉÆÃ ÖÉÂÎ Æ½¾ÖÉÆÍÇ

.

ßËÉÆÉ È Æ É Ç½¾É Å½ÆÂÇ ÅËÃ Ì Ë ¾ ½Æ¿ Ë½Ò ½ ÄÃÌÈ Ò Ç ÊÈÊ À ÇÉÇ È ÆÉ È ¾ÍÃÄÀ ½ÀÇÏ àÁ È

ÌÈÇ É½Î

cranberry

ÈÁÂ

huckleberry,

Ê ËÉÅ ½ÆÂÇ

cran-

ÈÇÅÉÒÒÈÇ

huckle-

Ã ÇÊ Æ ÉÈÊ ÉÂÈÇ

(25)

a bound m

or

âãäåäæ çèåäéêëèãéèèãäì íé êêîèïäð êñäâä êñäêè òîóñëæôãð ëõð êñîö

òîó ñëð ëíé÷ ÷ä ñè ãäíóéêï äóóìåîóâãäå äæ

øîå äòîó ñë éó äñäóð ù ä ñöóîåâóîâä óêéå ä ëîöðêñðùðñúé ÷é êñâ ÷é íä ëæô ã ä

âóî íä ë ëð ëíé ÷÷ä ñäâî ê ìåë

(

ûú ÷äüýþþÿ

)

æøîå ää éåâ ÷äëîöäâî ê ìå ëéó äèéõä ê

öóîåèãä êéå äîö è ã ä ñðëíîùäóä ó é êñ öîú êñäóüöî óðêëè é êíäü èãä êéåäî ö

rd

üè ãä

íéóå é êúöé íè úóäó üð ë è éõäê öóîå ð è ë öîú êñäóü ä êóì î ó ñæôãäó äéóä é ÷ ëî èéõä êèãä

êéåäîöâ ÷é íä üöîóð êëèé ê íä üòîó ñ

j

e

ð ëè éõäêöó îåè ãäíðèìîö ä êîéüçèé÷ìæ

ôãäóä ð ë é ÷ëî èãä é ööð éèð î ê âóî íä ëëæ ôãðë âóî íäë ë ðë è ãä åî ëè íîåå î ê

åîóâãî ÷îðíé÷ â óî íä ë ë ðê ÷é êú é äæ ôãäóä é óä èãóää èìâ ä ë îö éööð ä ëæ ô ãä ì éóä

âóäöðü ëúööð üé êñ ðêöð æ âóä öð ð ë éê éö öð òãðíã ðë éè èéíãäñ è î èãä öóîêè îö ðèë

ïé ëä üöîóä éåâ ÷äè ãäòîóñ

re

-play.

ëúööð ð ë é êéööð èãé èðëéèè éíãä ñèîèãää êñ

îöð è ëïé ëä üöîóä éåâ ÷äèãäòîó ñ

hunt er.

ôãä öéó ÷ä ë ë íîåå î êéööðüä ëâä íð é÷ ÷ì

ð ê ê÷ð ëã ü ðë ðêöðü é èìâ ä î ö éööð è ãéè î ííúóë òð èãðê èãä ïé ëäæ éëä ñ î ê è ãä

íéèä îóì íãé êä ë é êñâó î ñú íèð ùðèìü èãäó äéó ä èòî ñð ëèðêíèð î êîö éööð ä ë ü òãðíãéóä

ð êö ÷äíè ðî êé ÷ éööðäë é êñ ñäóðùéèð î êé ÷æ çêö ÷äíè ðî êé ÷ éööð ðë é ê éööð èãéè ðë ú ëä ñ èî

ëãî òè ãäíãé êäð êè ãäö îóåîöòî óñëïäíéú ëäîöè ãäóéåå éèð íé ÷óä é ëî êëüëú íãé ë

èä êëä üâäó ëî êüêúå ï äó üâ î ë ëä ë ëð ùä êäë ë üíé ë ä üé êñ ä êñäóæçêö ÷äíè ðî êé ÷éööð ñîäë êè

íãé êä äð èãäó èãä óéå åéèðíé÷ íéè ä îóì î ó èãä èìâ ä îö å äé êð ê ð ê è ã ä òîó ñëæ

äé êòãð ÷äü ñäóð ùéèð î êé÷ éööð öîóåë é òîóñ òð èã é êä ò å äé êðê é êñ îó è ãä

íãé êä ðê èãä ó éåå éè ð íé ÷ íéè ä îó ìæ ÷ ëî ü èã ä ð ê ö÷ä íè ðî êé ÷ éööð ä ë è ìâðíé ÷ ÷ì ã éùä

óä÷éèð ùä÷ì÷ð è è÷ä äíäâèð î êüöîóä éå â ÷ä üèãäëúööð ë íé ê íîåïðêäòð èã éêì êîú êë

(26)

!"# #$ ! %&& !% ' #$ (& ! )

"##$

ize

! %('* ) + # ( ' ,

-) . "% ) ! * * /.! ) ")

Kodak

nylon

Honda

Vaseline

( * * ) ) . #(

(% ' , 0( * #( $ . * 1

Kleenex

# ( ) *

clean

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(

'

@ 8 7; A6 B C7:DEFF GHEIEJ

)

2 T

L MNO

y

NP QNORS NTU VW MX

YZ( + , !

(

[\\]1 [^

)

* !% *

Z&)%Z & .! ." .,-) . " %) ( %

** / .!),0& #' (")_$

, Kleenex, and Honda

(( " ) . ( # ## ' # ) %& #

& "

(

'

a % , !]bcb1]dc

)

'

a %, ! ! )& '!

)* * #()'( , e( ) ' ()

* ! %"' &. !(

fK gL MNO

y

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)

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hat

n* ) ! & & " ( # & # && ! & ! " %

(27)

forth

(

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)

x t v y zv{ t r y

Joe, Yogyakarta

Indonesia

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car.

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s w yv{ t zsuv

idea, sugar, water,

air

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a little

much

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each, several

many

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(

qrs tu vwxyz {|} ~ }

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(

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)

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s s zyt s wv ytv

clothing, equipment,

food. The

v y zv zrs ytv w v

coffee, the tea, water,

milk

xvv y zvzs ytv

ice, bread, butter

silver

x v vyzv y v y tv

air, oxygen, hydrogen,

smoke

x v

v y zv ytws zv ytv ts v y rw x v vy zv y wtyw s ytv

idea

{

beauty,

grammar

x v v yzv zyry v ytv

Indonesian, English

{

Japanese

French

xv v y zvs v z w ryt v

chemistry

{

economics

{

mathematics

linguistics

xv v y zv tvtvyw s ytv

basketball

{

football

{

(28)

and

baseball

¡¢ ¢ £ ¤¥ ¦§¢ ¨ ©ª «¢¬¢¤§ ¤®¯° ±°¯° ¢ ¨ ¤¢

playing, reading, writing,

watching

² ¤¬³ ©¯¡¢ «¢ ´ ¬³¨ ¡¢ ¢ £ ¤¥¦§ ¢ ¨ ©ª ¬¤¯´ ¤§ ¦¡¢ ¬©¥¢ ¬ ¤ ¤¢

weather

fog

²¤¬³

humidity

µ¶

T

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y

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(

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)

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(

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)

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(

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)

«¤±¢¤¬¢ £ ¤¥¦§ ¢©¬¯¡¢ª ©§ § ©Â°¬«¨¢¬¯¢ ¬®¢Ê

Amazingly, he already loves her.

¡° ¨

(29)

sente

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him

ÕÒÜ

her.

àá ×Ùß×ÞÔ

ÝÔÒ × ÔÒÓ ÔØÔßÖÚ ÔÙ ×ÙÝ

John met Mary yesterday,

×ÞÔÙÒ ×ÔÚÛ ÚÔ×Õ× ÙÖÒâ Ùã ãØÔÓ ãÔ ÕÚÔÚä

åæ çè éêë

y

êìí êëî

B

êëëêï ð ñ ò

óÕÝ ÖãÜ ÕÒÜ ôÖÒÒ ÖÚõöÙÒ ×ÖÒ

(

÷øøùú ÷ ûü

)

Ý × Õ×ÔÜ ×ÞÕ× ã ÙÒýá ÙÝ × ÙÓ ØÖÚÚÖâ ÙÒý ÙÝ

×ÞÔ ÕÜ ÖÛ ×Ù ÖÒ Öß Ôã ÔþÔÒ ×Ý ßÚÖþ ÕÒ Ö×ÞÔÚ ã ÕÒýáÕýÔ ÖÚ Ü ÙÕã ÔÓ×ä ÿÞ Ô ØÖÚÚÖâ ÔÜ

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öÙÒ × ÖÒ

(

÷øøùú ÷ ûü

)

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Ó ÖÒ ßÖÚþ×ÖÒÕ×ÙÔãÙÒýá ÙÝ×ÙÓÚá ãÔÝÕÛ ÚÖÓÔÝÝÒ Öâ ÒÕÝÕÜÕÛ ×Õ× ÙÖÒÙÒâ ÞÙÓ ÞßÖÚÔÙýÒ

ÝÖáÒÜÝÖÓÓá ÚÚÙÒý ÙÒã ÖÕÒâ ÖÚÜÝ ÕÚÔÚÔÛ ãÕÓ ÔÜØ ×ÞÔÙÚÒ ÔÕÚÔÝ×Û ÞÖÒ Ô×ÙÓÔá ÙÕãÔÒ ×Ý

ÙÒ × ÞÔ ØÖÚÚÖâ ÙÒý ã ÕÒýá ÕýÔäóÖ Ú ÔÕþÛ ã Ô Òýã ÙÝÞ âÖÚÜÝ ã ÙÔ

touring, team, tube,

ÕÒÜ

tank

Þ ÕÔ ØÔÔÒ ÕÜÕÛ ×ÔÜ ÙÒ ÕÛ ÕÒ ÔÝ Ô ÕÝ

tsuringu

tiimu

tyuubu

ÕÒÜ

tanku

(

óÕÝÖãÜÕÒÜôÖÒÒ ÖÚõöÙÒ × ÖÒ

(

÷øøùú÷ ûü

)

6

æ çè éêë

y

êì è é

u

ëéêìí êëî

Û ÔÒÓ ÔÚ

(

ûûú üü

)

þÔÒ× ÙÖÒ ÔÜ ×ÞÕ× ×ÞÔ þÔÕÒ ÙÒý Öß Õ Û ÞÚ ÕÝ Ô × ÔÒÜÝ × Ö ØÔ

Ü Ô×ÔÚþÙÒ ÔÜ Ó ÖþÛ ÖÝÙ× ÙÖÒ Õã ã ßÚÖþ ×ÞÔ þÔÕÒ ÙÒý Öß Ù×Ý ÓÖþÛ ÖÒ ÔÒ × âÖ ÚÜÝ Õ ã× ÞÖáýÞ

×ÞÔ þÔÕÒ ÙÒý Ö ß â Ö ÚÜÝ Ù Ý Ò Ö× Õã âÕ Ý Ü Ô×ÔÚþÙÒ ÔÜ Ó ÖþÛ ÖÝÙ× ÙÖÒ Õãã ä × þÔÕÒÝ × ÞÕ×

âÞÔÒ ÕâÞÖãÔ ÙÝÝ ÔÔÒ ÕÝ Õâ ÞÖãÔâÔ ÓÕÒÚÔÔÕã ×ÞÔþÔÕÒ ÙÒýØá × Ù × ÙÝ ÕÛÕÚ× ÖßÕ

âÖÚÜ× ÞÔ þÔÕÒ ÙÒýÙÝ Ò Ö× ÚÔãÕ×ÔÜ âÙ× Þ× ÞÔ âÞÖã Ô þÔÕÒ ÙÒýä óÖÚÔÕþÛ ã Ô

blue

ÕÒÜ

grass

ÞÕÔ × ÞÔÙ Ú ÖâÒ þÔÕÒ ÙÒýä ÖâÔÔÚ × ÞÔ ÓÕÒÒ Ö× Ü Ô×Ô ÚþÙÒ Ô ×ÞÔ þÔÕÒ ÙÒý

âÞÔÒ ×ÞÖÝÔ âÖ ÚÜÝ Õ ÚÔ ÓÖþØÙÒ ÔÜ ÕÝ ÙÒ

bluegrass. Bluegrass

Ü ÖÔÝ Ò Ö× þÔ ÕÒ ýÚÕÝÝ

×ÞÕ× ÙÝ Øãá Ôä

Bluegrass

þÔÕÒÝ

traditional country music played on stringed

(30)

6 y

E

P

u

"#$

ry language in the

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, -'$+4 &/ .- , %+ 3 - *'& 5 6* +. ' =2 *+//$( 4$$- , %.- * + / +''&%./6 &' 2&4 0($-$

2( &,5 '$7<#&%$(.,+#&.2 $4 &).:. $)13)$: ./ . -$, *+0$&:,5 0$ ' = 6(&-- +( 0+, , +6$>./

: &'4./ 6 -*$ , &5/ ) - *$ + . ' 0+, ,$, :'$$(3 +/ ) ./ + 2 &/ -./5 &5 , , - '$+4 - *'&5 6* -*$

0*+'3/ ?+/ )- *$4 &5 - *7@ . 0*-*&/ 6,+'$2 &4 1./ +-. &/ ,&:-%&#&% $(, &5/ ),./ &/ $

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(

B 2*'$5 )$ 'CDE8F CD G=H I

)

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(

DE JM C8

)

79*$ 3+ '$N 1N;N)N;N: N; N6N ;N *N;NO N;N(N; N4N;N/N;N N ;N 0N;N'N;N, N; N N ;N- N;N N;N

ð

NN#N ;N%N; N 3N; NP N ;N Q N ;N*% N; NRN ; +/ ) N N7 9 * $ ,&5/ ) N 1N ., 0'&)52 $) %* $/ ; %$ , +3 ; : & ' $? +4 0($; - *$ % &' )

boat

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dark

79* $,&5/ ) N: N.,0'&)52 $)% *$/% $, + 3-*$%& ')

far

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gold.

9*$, &5/ )N*N.,0 '&)52$)% *$/%$, +3;:&' $? +4 0( $ -*$ %&')

home.

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cold.

9*$ , &5/ ) N( N ., 0'&)52 $) %* $/ % $ ,+3; : &' $? +4 0($; - *$ %&')

let

7 9 *$ , &5/ )N4 N .,0'&)52 $)% *$/% $,+3;:&'$? +4 0($; - *$%&')

man.

9*$,&5/)N/ N ., 0'&)52$)%$, +3;: & '$? +4 0($;-*$%&')

next.

9* $, &5/ )N N.,0'&)52 $)% *$/%$ , + 3; : &' $? +4 0( $; -*$ %&')

ring.

9*$ ,&5/ ) N 0N ., 0'&)52 $) %* $/ %$ , + 3; : &' $? +4 0($; - *$%&')

part.

9*$,&5/ )N 'N .,0'&)52$ )% *$/%$ ,+3;: &'$? +40( $;-*$

(31)

TUVW

r

rst

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send

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s

hip.

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ten.

YZ[ \ U]^W _ _ ` \ a VUW] b[W

TZ[^ T[ \cde fUV [gchai [e j Z[ T UVW

think.

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that.

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very.

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TUVW T[^ jX YZ[ \U]^W _d_ ` \ a VUW] b[W T Z[^ T[ \ c de fUV [gchai [ejZ[ TUVW

you.

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zoo.

Y Z[\ U]^W _ _

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pleasure.

YZ[ \ U]^W U f _ ZT_ `\

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when.

YZ[ \U]^W _ n_ `\ a VUW] b[W

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children.

o^W f`^ ci idej Z[ \ U]^W_ _ ` \a VUW] b [W T Z[^ T[

\c defUV[gchai [ej Z[T UVW

age

o bbUVW`^p j U qcW[fU p[W

(

rsstu tv

)

ew^ pi` \ Z Zc\ rx l UT[i \ TZ`bZ cV[ _ c_e

æ

_e _[_ e_ _e _` _e__e _ _ e _ _ e _U_e _ ]_e _ _ e_ _e _ _ c^W _ _ X YZ[ \ U]^W _c_ ` \ a VUW] b[W

TZ[^T[\cdefUV [gchai [ejZ[TUVW

ham.

YZ [\U]^WUf_

æ

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\c de fU V [g chai [e j Z[ T UVW

hack.

YZ[ \ U]^W _ [_ ` \ a VUW] b[W T Z[^ T [ \ c de fUV

[g chai[ejZ[TUVW

pen.

YZ[\U]^W_ y_` \ a VUW] b[WTZ[^T [ \ cdefU V[g c hai[ejZ[

TUVW

pet.

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bean.

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split.

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the.

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a VUW] b[W TZ[^ T [ \cd jZ[ T UVW fUV [g chai[

bird.

YZ[ \U]^W _ U_ ` \ a VUW] b[W

TZ[^T[\cdj Z[efUV[gchai [ejZ[T UVW

robe.

Y Z [\U]^W_ ]_` \a VUW] b[W TZ[^T [

(32)

8 book.

{|} ~ ~ } |} } ~ } } |}

body.

{|}

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bard.

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|}}~ } } |}

door

{|} ~ ~ ~ | |~

(

)

~ } |}} }

| |~ ~ | | | }

æ

} {|}

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cry.

{| }~ ~

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cow.

{|} ~

æ

~ }

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shall

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there.

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shall.

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feel

{|} ~ ~ } |} } ~ } }

weigh.

{|}

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major.

{|}~

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boy.

¡ ¢£¤

y

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P

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| | } ~ ~ |} ~ | } ~ | |}

| | }

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faded

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waited

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work

ed

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(33)

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ÝÊÌÓÍ Ó ÎÞ ÈÉ ÐÑÊ ÏÉÊÐËÍÊÑ ÉÌß Ê ÏÉÊÍ Ë ÐØÓ Ú ÐÓ ÏËÍ Ö ÕÏÍÐÓÑ ÏÐØÌË Ô Ï ÉÍÑ ÒË ÊÑ ÊÓ Ï

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