S IPSE 1205678 Table of content
CONTENT
Page
SHEET OF LEGITIMATION...................................................................
i
DECLARATION.........................................................................................
ii
ABSTRACT.................................................................................................
iii
PREFACE....................................................................................................v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT..........................................................................
vi
CONTENTS.................................................................................................
viii
LIST OF TABLES......................................................................................
xi
LIST OF FIGURES....................................................................................
xii
LIST OF APPENDICES............................................................................
xiii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. Background...........................................................................................
1
B. Research Problem.................................................................................
4
C. Research Questions...............................................................................
4
D. Limitation of Problem...........................................................................
4
E. Research Objectives..............................................................................
5
F. Research Benefits.................................................................................
5
G. Organization Structure of Research Paper............................................
6
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW
A. Nature of Science................................................................................
7
1. Empirical Nature of Science...........................................................
8
2. Scientific Theories and Laws.........................................................
9
3. Creative and Imaginative Nature of Scientific Knowledge...........
10
Amaira Utami, 2016
THE PROFILE OF STUDENTS NATURE OF SCIENCE (NOS) ON INTERACTION OF ORGTANISMS AND
ITS ENVIRONMENT TOPIC AT SEKOLAH INDONESIA KUALA LUMPUR
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
4. Theory-laden Nature of Scientific Knowledge.......................
11
5. Social and Cultural Embeddedness................................................
11
6. Tentative Nature of Scientific Knowledge.....................................
12
B. Students’ Conceptual Understanding..................................................
13
C. Constructed Response Test Item.......................................................
16
D. Interaction of Organisms and Its Environment..................................
17
1. Biotic Component.........................................................................
18
2. Abiotic Component.......................................................................
19
3. Food Chain....................................................................................
20
4. Food Web......................................................................................
21
5. Ecological Pyramid.......................................................................
22
6. Classification of Organisms...........................................................
23
E. Relevant Research..............................................................................
24
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Research Method and Research Design.............................................
26
1. Research Method..........................................................................
26
2. Research Design............................................................................
26
B. Population and Sample.......................................................................
27
C. Operational Definition.......................................................................
27
D. Research Instrument..........................................................................
27
E. Data Collection..................................................................................
29
F. Instrument Analysis...........................................................................
31
1. Validity.........................................................................................
31
2. Reliability......................................................................................
32
3. Difficulty Index.............................................................................
33
4. Discriminating Power....................................................................
34
G. Data Collecting...................................................................................
36
H. Data Analysis Technique....................................................................
36
I. Research Procedure............................................................................
37
Amaira Utami, 2016
THE PROFILE OF STUDENTS NATURE OF SCIENCE (NOS) ON INTERACTION OF ORGTANISMS AND
ITS ENVIRONMENT TOPIC AT SEKOLAH INDONESIA KUALA LUMPUR
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
J. Research Scheme................................................................................
39
CHAPTER IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
A. Research Result..................................................................................
40
1. Students’ Nature of Science (NOS)...............................................
40
B. Research Discussion...........................................................................
52
1. Students’ Nature of Science (NOS)...............................................
52
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
A. Conclusion...........................................................................................
58
B. Recommendation.................................................................................
59
REFFERENCES........................................................................................... 61
APPENDICS...............................................................................................
67
AUTOBIOGRAPHY..................................................................................
109
Amaira Utami, 2016
THE PROFILE OF STUDENTS NATURE OF SCIENCE (NOS) ON INTERACTION OF ORGTANISMS AND
ITS ENVIRONMENT TOPIC AT SEKOLAH INDONESIA KUALA LUMPUR
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LIST OF TABLES
Page
Table 2.1
Cognitive Process Skills Level (C1-C4)...........................
14
Table 2.2
Bloom’s Taxonomy Revised...........................................
16
Table 2.3
The Analysis of Core Competence and Basic Competence
on Interaction of Organisms and Its Environment...........
Table 3.1
Blueprint of Nature of Science (NOS) and Conceptual
Understanding before Validation......................................
Table 3.2
18
Blueprint
of
Nature
of
Science
and
28
Conceptual
Understanding after Validation........................................
29
Table 3.3
The Blueprint Indicator of Nature of Science...................
30
Table 3.4
Validity Interpretation.....................................................
31
Table 3.5
Reliability Interpretation..................................................
32
Table 3.6
Difficulty Level Interpretation.........................................
34
Table 3.7
Discrimination Power of the Answer According to D 35
Value................................................................................
Table 3.8
Blueprint of Nature of Science Limited Test Analysis 36
Result by ANATES..........................................................
Table 3.9
Data Collecting Instrument..............................................
36
Table 4.1
Nature of Science Result from Each Class....................
42
Amaira Utami, 2016
THE PROFILE OF STUDENTS NATURE OF SCIENCE (NOS) ON INTERACTION OF ORGTANISMS AND
ITS ENVIRONMENT TOPIC AT SEKOLAH INDONESIA KUALA LUMPUR
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LIST OF FIGURES
Page
Figure 2.1
Examples of Terrestial and Marine Food Chains.............
21
Figure 2.2
An Antartic Marine Food Web.........................................
21
Figure 2.3
An Idealized Pyramid of Net Production..........................
23
Figure 3.1
Flow Chart of Research Plot............................................
39
Figure 4.1
The Percentage of Nature of Science Aspect Achieved by
the Students...............................................................
40
Figure 4.2
Students’ Result of Empirical Nature of Science Aspect..
44
Figure 4.3
Students’ Result of Scientific Theory and Law Aspect....
45
Figure 4.4
Students’ Result of Creative and Imaginative Nature of
Scientific Knowledge Aspect............................................
Figure 4.5
Students’ Result of Theory-laden Nature of Scientific
Knowledge Aspect.........................................................
Figure 4.6
Figure 4.7
46
48
Students’ Result of Social and Cultural Embeddedness of
Scientific Knowledge........................................................
50
Students’ Result of Tentative Nature of Science Aspect...
51
Amaira Utami, 2016
THE PROFILE OF STUDENTS NATURE OF SCIENCE (NOS) ON INTERACTION OF ORGTANISMS AND
ITS ENVIRONMENT TOPIC AT SEKOLAH INDONESIA KUALA LUMPUR
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LIST OF APENDICES
Page
A.
B.
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
Appendix A.1
Instrument Judgement...........................................
68
Appendix A.2
Instrument Test before Validation.........................
71
Appendix A.3
Instrument Test after Validation...........................
74
Appendix A.4
Nature of Science (NOS) Scoring Guide................
77
RESULT OF RESEARCH DATA
Appendix B.1
C.
Data Processing of Nature of Science (NOS)
Result....................................................................
81
Appendix B.2
Result of Students’ Nature of Science................
83
Appendix B.3
Students’ Result of Nature of Science (NOS) in
Each Aspects and Class.....................................
86
Appendix B.4
Students’ Data..................................................
89
Appendix B.5
Art Subject Syllabus of Even Semester................
95
Appendix B.6
Students’ Answer of Nature of Science (NOS)...
98
Appendix B.7
The Capture of Students’ Answer......................
102
Documentation .........................................................................
106
Amaira Utami, 2016
THE PROFILE OF STUDENTS NATURE OF SCIENCE (NOS) ON INTERACTION OF ORGTANISMS AND
ITS ENVIRONMENT TOPIC AT SEKOLAH INDONESIA KUALA LUMPUR
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
Page
SHEET OF LEGITIMATION...................................................................
i
DECLARATION.........................................................................................
ii
ABSTRACT.................................................................................................
iii
PREFACE....................................................................................................v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT..........................................................................
vi
CONTENTS.................................................................................................
viii
LIST OF TABLES......................................................................................
xi
LIST OF FIGURES....................................................................................
xii
LIST OF APPENDICES............................................................................
xiii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. Background...........................................................................................
1
B. Research Problem.................................................................................
4
C. Research Questions...............................................................................
4
D. Limitation of Problem...........................................................................
4
E. Research Objectives..............................................................................
5
F. Research Benefits.................................................................................
5
G. Organization Structure of Research Paper............................................
6
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW
A. Nature of Science................................................................................
7
1. Empirical Nature of Science...........................................................
8
2. Scientific Theories and Laws.........................................................
9
3. Creative and Imaginative Nature of Scientific Knowledge...........
10
Amaira Utami, 2016
THE PROFILE OF STUDENTS NATURE OF SCIENCE (NOS) ON INTERACTION OF ORGTANISMS AND
ITS ENVIRONMENT TOPIC AT SEKOLAH INDONESIA KUALA LUMPUR
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
4. Theory-laden Nature of Scientific Knowledge.......................
11
5. Social and Cultural Embeddedness................................................
11
6. Tentative Nature of Scientific Knowledge.....................................
12
B. Students’ Conceptual Understanding..................................................
13
C. Constructed Response Test Item.......................................................
16
D. Interaction of Organisms and Its Environment..................................
17
1. Biotic Component.........................................................................
18
2. Abiotic Component.......................................................................
19
3. Food Chain....................................................................................
20
4. Food Web......................................................................................
21
5. Ecological Pyramid.......................................................................
22
6. Classification of Organisms...........................................................
23
E. Relevant Research..............................................................................
24
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Research Method and Research Design.............................................
26
1. Research Method..........................................................................
26
2. Research Design............................................................................
26
B. Population and Sample.......................................................................
27
C. Operational Definition.......................................................................
27
D. Research Instrument..........................................................................
27
E. Data Collection..................................................................................
29
F. Instrument Analysis...........................................................................
31
1. Validity.........................................................................................
31
2. Reliability......................................................................................
32
3. Difficulty Index.............................................................................
33
4. Discriminating Power....................................................................
34
G. Data Collecting...................................................................................
36
H. Data Analysis Technique....................................................................
36
I. Research Procedure............................................................................
37
Amaira Utami, 2016
THE PROFILE OF STUDENTS NATURE OF SCIENCE (NOS) ON INTERACTION OF ORGTANISMS AND
ITS ENVIRONMENT TOPIC AT SEKOLAH INDONESIA KUALA LUMPUR
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
J. Research Scheme................................................................................
39
CHAPTER IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
A. Research Result..................................................................................
40
1. Students’ Nature of Science (NOS)...............................................
40
B. Research Discussion...........................................................................
52
1. Students’ Nature of Science (NOS)...............................................
52
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
A. Conclusion...........................................................................................
58
B. Recommendation.................................................................................
59
REFFERENCES........................................................................................... 61
APPENDICS...............................................................................................
67
AUTOBIOGRAPHY..................................................................................
109
Amaira Utami, 2016
THE PROFILE OF STUDENTS NATURE OF SCIENCE (NOS) ON INTERACTION OF ORGTANISMS AND
ITS ENVIRONMENT TOPIC AT SEKOLAH INDONESIA KUALA LUMPUR
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LIST OF TABLES
Page
Table 2.1
Cognitive Process Skills Level (C1-C4)...........................
14
Table 2.2
Bloom’s Taxonomy Revised...........................................
16
Table 2.3
The Analysis of Core Competence and Basic Competence
on Interaction of Organisms and Its Environment...........
Table 3.1
Blueprint of Nature of Science (NOS) and Conceptual
Understanding before Validation......................................
Table 3.2
18
Blueprint
of
Nature
of
Science
and
28
Conceptual
Understanding after Validation........................................
29
Table 3.3
The Blueprint Indicator of Nature of Science...................
30
Table 3.4
Validity Interpretation.....................................................
31
Table 3.5
Reliability Interpretation..................................................
32
Table 3.6
Difficulty Level Interpretation.........................................
34
Table 3.7
Discrimination Power of the Answer According to D 35
Value................................................................................
Table 3.8
Blueprint of Nature of Science Limited Test Analysis 36
Result by ANATES..........................................................
Table 3.9
Data Collecting Instrument..............................................
36
Table 4.1
Nature of Science Result from Each Class....................
42
Amaira Utami, 2016
THE PROFILE OF STUDENTS NATURE OF SCIENCE (NOS) ON INTERACTION OF ORGTANISMS AND
ITS ENVIRONMENT TOPIC AT SEKOLAH INDONESIA KUALA LUMPUR
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LIST OF FIGURES
Page
Figure 2.1
Examples of Terrestial and Marine Food Chains.............
21
Figure 2.2
An Antartic Marine Food Web.........................................
21
Figure 2.3
An Idealized Pyramid of Net Production..........................
23
Figure 3.1
Flow Chart of Research Plot............................................
39
Figure 4.1
The Percentage of Nature of Science Aspect Achieved by
the Students...............................................................
40
Figure 4.2
Students’ Result of Empirical Nature of Science Aspect..
44
Figure 4.3
Students’ Result of Scientific Theory and Law Aspect....
45
Figure 4.4
Students’ Result of Creative and Imaginative Nature of
Scientific Knowledge Aspect............................................
Figure 4.5
Students’ Result of Theory-laden Nature of Scientific
Knowledge Aspect.........................................................
Figure 4.6
Figure 4.7
46
48
Students’ Result of Social and Cultural Embeddedness of
Scientific Knowledge........................................................
50
Students’ Result of Tentative Nature of Science Aspect...
51
Amaira Utami, 2016
THE PROFILE OF STUDENTS NATURE OF SCIENCE (NOS) ON INTERACTION OF ORGTANISMS AND
ITS ENVIRONMENT TOPIC AT SEKOLAH INDONESIA KUALA LUMPUR
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LIST OF APENDICES
Page
A.
B.
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
Appendix A.1
Instrument Judgement...........................................
68
Appendix A.2
Instrument Test before Validation.........................
71
Appendix A.3
Instrument Test after Validation...........................
74
Appendix A.4
Nature of Science (NOS) Scoring Guide................
77
RESULT OF RESEARCH DATA
Appendix B.1
C.
Data Processing of Nature of Science (NOS)
Result....................................................................
81
Appendix B.2
Result of Students’ Nature of Science................
83
Appendix B.3
Students’ Result of Nature of Science (NOS) in
Each Aspects and Class.....................................
86
Appendix B.4
Students’ Data..................................................
89
Appendix B.5
Art Subject Syllabus of Even Semester................
95
Appendix B.6
Students’ Answer of Nature of Science (NOS)...
98
Appendix B.7
The Capture of Students’ Answer......................
102
Documentation .........................................................................
106
Amaira Utami, 2016
THE PROFILE OF STUDENTS NATURE OF SCIENCE (NOS) ON INTERACTION OF ORGTANISMS AND
ITS ENVIRONMENT TOPIC AT SEKOLAH INDONESIA KUALA LUMPUR
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu