PROS Candradewi WA, Herman K developing group investigation fulltext
Candradewi Wahyu Anggraeni
Herman Khunaivi
Semarang State University
Semarang State University
candradewi .wahyu @ gmail.com
lionelvakin@ gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Poetry was one of the requirement subjects in the undergraduate program of
English Department. Giving a report assignment in Poetry class was a good
task for assessing students' ideas toward their poetry materials. However, the
students found a barrier in writing their report. Indeed, the lecturer had to
apply an effective teaching method to overcome the barrier. Dealing with this
issue, this study was conducted to develop group investigation in writing a
report of poetry class and to examine the practicality and efficiency of group
investigation. This study was held at English Department of Islamic Sultan
Agung University Semarang (UNISSULA). The type of this study was
research and development design. The participants of this study were the
lecturer and the students of poetry class at UNISSULA. Questionnaire,
interview, and observation were used to collect the data. The study showed
the lecturer had good response to the development of using poetry group
investigation in writing a report of poetry class. The lecturer viewed that
poetry group investigation was a good choice to lead his students to think
carefully and cooperatively each other. It could be concluded that poetry
group investigation was practicality and efficiency helped students in writing
a report of poetry class. It made the students to be active, participated and
helped students to become independent learners.
Keywords: group investigation, writing a report, poetry
INTRODUCTION
English Department students need to have a good interpretation skill in doing the
literature assignments. Sims (2012) contends that readers of literature find they have different
interpretations of the same works in discussing the particular literary works. It means that the
students tend to have various interpretations toward the literature assignments. The literature
Engaging with Literature Creatively, November 11-12, 2014, UKSW
11
The S"1 International Seminar
Satya IVacaiia Christian University
assignments make the students have the sense of critical thinking for interpreting the literary
works, particularly in poetry. According to Kellem (2009), a poetry covers a source of
content-rich reading material; a model of creative language in use; a way to introduce
vocabulary in context; and a way to focus students' attention on English pronunciation,
rhythm, and stress.
Poetry is one of the requirement subjects in the undergraduate program of English
Department. The lecturer usually gives a poetry assignment in which assesses the students'
interpretation. Broughton (1999) states assessment methods should pursue the need of the
poetry activity. The assessment measures covers creative drama, puppets, writing projects, or
other media. Moreover, the lecturer tends to give the students writing projects in poetry class.
Dealing with the writing report assignment, students tend to feel anxious since they find
difficulties in pouring their ideas into written forms. It happens when the lecturer assesses the
students by giving writing assignments. Since poetry deals with literature aspect, the students
get barrier in writing the poetry report. However, students need to grasp the poetry in order to
fulfill the assessment in poetry class.
Doing writing a poetry report, the students need to state their interpretation toward the
poetry. It cannot be avoided that the students have a problem in analyzing the poetry
individually rather than in a group. Sharing ideas in a group helps the students to be more
active to join in the group discussion. Richard and Rodgers (2001) denote a group discussion
is part of cooperative learning in which the learners are able to develop their communication
competence through interaction activities. Furthermore, a specific interaction activity in
group discussion is group investigation. Hartati (2013) views group investigation gives
lecturers with one instructional strategy to achieve the inquiry, content learning and learning
Engaging with Literature Creatively, November 11-12, 2014, UKSW
12
The S"1 International Seminar
Satya IVacaiia Christian University
to work cooperatively. Zingaro (2008) propose the description of group investigation steps, as
follows:
1. The lecturer gives a problem to the class, and students choose an interest group
(grouping).
2.
Groups plan their investigation, the procedures, tasks and goals consistent with the
chosen subtopic (planning).
3.
Groups do the investigation (investigating).
4.
Groups organize their presentation (organizing).
5.
Groups conduct the presentation (presenting).
6. The lecturer and students evaluate the investigation and resulting presentations
(evaluating).
Regarding to the idea of implementing group investigation in writing the poetry
report, it can be considered that there will be additional steps of group investigation since it
deals with poetry. This study develops the group investigation in writing a report of poetry
class. Poetry Group Investigation (PGI) is developed into nine steps in which cover reading,
mapping, grouping, planning, investigating, organizing, writing, sharing and evaluating. The
purposes of the study are to develop the group investigation in writing a report of poetry class
and to examine the practicality and efficiency of group investigation. The study are guided by
two research question: Why is a group investigation needed to be developed in writing poetry
report?, How is a group investigation developed in writing poetry report?, How is the
practical and effectiveness of developing group investigation in writing poetry report?
Three aspects are influenced to the significance of this study. Theoretically, this
study hopefully provides a brief explanation, instruction and description about the
implementation of PGI. It is expected that this study will be useful as a comprehensive
Engaging with Literature Creatively, November 11-12, 2014, UKSW I
The S"1 International Seminar
Satya IVacaiia Christian University
media, especially for teachers and learners and also to be able to be used as the result of this
study for further study. Practically, PGI as a technique, it is believed that the students of
English Department will be encouraged to write the poetry report. Doing PGI, it is expected
that the students will be active, encourage them to share their own ideas toward poetry.
Pedagogically, referring to the nature of this technique, it is believed that PGI can provide
valuable contribution in improving the classroom environment. If the students are motivated,
they will try to explore what they have thought and make them to write. As the result, they
will participate more in the teaching and learning process and become independent learners.
METHODOLOGY
Research and Development Study
This study used research and development. Research and development has been
defined as a numerical method of describing observations of materials or characteristics (Gall
et al. 2003). According to Akker (1999), there are four steps in research and development,
those are:
Preliminary investigation
^r
Theoretical embedding
ir
Empirical testing
1
Documentation, analysis, and reflection on process and outcome
Figure 1: Steps of research and development.
1. Preliminary Investigation
This study is an early stage development comprising.
1.1 Literature Study
Engaging with Literature Creatively, November 11-12, 2014, UKSW
14
The S"1 International Seminar
Satya IVacaiia Christian University
Literature study is a study to learn the concepts of theories about the
model of being developed.
1.2 Field Survey
Field surveys are conducted to gather data regarding the planning and
the implementation of group investigation in learning poetry within the
classroom. Data are collected through interviews, questionnaires, documentary
studies, and observations in the classroom directly when lecturers teach
directly in the classroom.
1.3 Drafting Products
Draft product is based on the data that have been gathered from field
surveys and referring to the basics theory or concepts. First, other techniques
and group investigation are combined. After getting a new product that Poetry
Group Investigation (PGI) which is developed by giving additional activities,
mappings the groups are done by lecturer. In one hand, the lecturer handles the
classroom and guides the students in applying group investigation.
On the other hand, the lecturer has several roles for motivating the
students, leading the students, and making mind mapping to the students in
doing group investigation. After finishing drafting the product, the lecturer
applies this product that is Poetry Group Investigation (PGI).
2, Theoretical Embedding
Group investigation is known by many teachers even lecturers as cooperative
learning. It is believed that a cooperative learning method is as being able to give
opportunity for students to be involved in discussing topics. Although it considers as
an active role of students as more important, it does not mean that lecturer in the
Engaging with Literature Creatively, November 11-12, 2014, UKSW
15
The S"1 International Seminar
Satya IVacaiia Christian University
classroom is not participating. In learning process, lecturer has roles as designer,
facilitator and guide in the learning process.
A cooperative learning method has several types, namely write-pair-share
(WPS), Group Investigation (GI), Students Teams Achievement Divisions (STAD),
Teams-Games-Toumament (TGT), Team Assisted Individualized (TAI) and Jigsaw
(Isjoni, 2009). One of its interesting types is group investigation. Group investigation
is an organizational technique that allows a class to work actively and collaboratively
in small groups and enables students to take an active role in determining their own
learning goals and processes. Group investigation technique requires the students to
form small interest groups, plan and implement their investigation, synthesize the
group members' findings, and make a presentation to the entire class (Isjoni, 2009).
Group investigation is viewed as a good choice to be developed into a new
product that is Poetry Group Investigation (PGI). Adopting and developing this
technique, the lecturer is expected to be able to run the teaching learning process
effectively, especially in teaching a poetry report.
3, Empirical Testing
Referring to the nature of group investigation, it is believed that PGI can
provide valuable contribution in improving the classroom environment, motivate the
students to share their own idea. If the students are motivated, they will feel fun in
engaging the poetry class activities. As the result, they will participate more in the
learning process. Having got the new product that is PGI, PGI is ready to be
implemented in the classroom. Afterwards, the PGI implementation is checked
whether it is well applied or not.
Engaging with Literature Creatively, November 11-12, 2014, UKSW
16
The S"1 International Seminar
Satya IVacaiia Christian University
4, Documentation, Analysis, Reflection on Process and Outcome
In implementing PGI, the documentation of applying PGI is got as the data.
Furthermore, the next step is analyzing the implementation of PGI and the process of
running PGI. Finally, the outcome of applying PGI in the poetry class in making a
poetry report is revealed.
Context of the Study and Participants
This study was conducted at English Department of Sultan Agung Islamic
University in an English Poetry class. The class consisted of 38 students. This study
employed one poetry class's lecturer and 38 students of poetry class.
Instrument of Data Collection
Observations, documentary, questionnaire, and interview are used in order to
acquire sufficient data. The results of the data acquired were in the appendices (see
appendices).
DISCUSSION
This part covers the findings of the study based on the instruments of data collection.
The description as the following:
A. Poetry Group Investigation (PGI)
Group Investigation (GI)
Poetry Group Investigation (PGI)
1
Grouping -> Planning -> J Investigating
1
Reading
4
Organizing -> Presenting -> Evaluating
4
Planning-> ^Investigating^
^Mapping -^Grouping ->
6
Organizing-> 7Sharing->
Evaluating^ 9Writing
Figure 2: The steps of Group Investigation to Poetry Group Investigation
Engaging with Literature Creatively, November 11-12, 2014, UKSW
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The S"1 International Seminar
Satya IVacaiia Christian University
Regarding to Figure 2, there were different number of the steps. In common
group investigation, they were six steps applied. PGI in writing poetry report covered
nine steps. The nine steps were explained as below:
1. Reading
Before the lecturer divided the students into several groups, the lecturer read
the whole sentences or stanza in the poetry. Afterwards, he generally interpreted the
poetry. The aim of reading the whole poetry was to activate the students' schemata
related to the topic.
2. Mapping
The lecturer made a mapping to divide the students into several groups. The
function of mapping was to know the ability of each student in order to become a
balanced group.
3. Grouping
The lecturer divided the students into small groups which consisted of four to
five students which had the same ability.
4. Planning
The lecturer gave an instruction to the students to do the poetry based on the
questions, those were: What does the poem tell us about?, What is or are the subject
in the poem?, What lesson can you take from the poem?, What is your impression
about this poem?, What is the author's background?. All the questions were given by
the lecturer to know how the students investigated the poem and made a poetry report.
5. Investigating
Each group should answer the questions that were given by the lecturer
previously. In one hand, a group had to discuss with the whole members of the group
Engaging with Literature Creatively, November 11-12, 2014, UKSW
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The S"1 International Seminar
Satya IVacaiia Christian University
in order to get the final appropriate answer relating to the questions. On the other
hands, the others members could share their own knowledge to the group, and
discussed their opinions with others. The best answer would be agreed by the group.
6. Organizing
The best answer had been already got by the groups. After getting the answer
the groups had to make a report based on the topic available and the given questions
by the lecturer. In organizing step, the students should organize the answer to be
report poetry. Some groups might answer the questions based on the number, while
some groups might answer the questions and arranged the answer into a paragraph.
7. Sharing
After organizing the best answer of each question, the students tried to share
the answer with the members; afterwards the students shared the answer with other
groups. In this step, they tried to share their opinion to other groups relates to the
decision of their discussion. When they were going to share their ideas with other
groups, they tried to explore their findings.
8. Evaluating
The students tried to evaluate what they once got. They compared their own
opinions or ideas in answering the questions. Moreover, the lecturer gave explanation
related to the question, and the lecturer also concluded what they already investigated.
There would not be correct and incorrect answer since the answer should be the
interpretation of each group.
Engaging with Literature Creatively, November 11-12, 2014, UKSW
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The S"1 International Seminar
Satya IVacaiia Christian University
9. Writing
The students should make a report in writing form. By doing sharing and
evaluating they would get more information relates to the poetry. Finally, as their
assignment the students made a poetry report writing.
Poetry Group Investigation (PGI) had been implemented successfully in the
poetry class. Based on the classroom observation, the lecturer applied PGI and the
students actively joined the classroom activity. Therefore, PGI could help the
students' writing a poetry report, because they shared their own ideas with their
members in a group, discussed their ideas and finally the best decision of answering
questions had been already got by the group.
B. The practicality and efficiency of Poetry Group Investigation
The practicality and efficiency of PGI derived to the two points, those covered
benefits of the developed group investigation, the lecturer and students' perspectives
toward PGI in writing poetry report.
1. Benefits of Poetry Group Investigation
Based on the data acquired, it was found that PGI gave several advantages.
The benefits cover the answer of each question would be better, since it was another
student' ideas, then sharing their ideas, and evaluating their ideas based on their
findings of each group. Besides, other students got a chance to share their own ideas
in the group or even in the evaluating session.
2. Lecturer's Perspectives
Based on the data interview it could be concluded that the students basically
found the difficulty in writing the poetry report. The first thing that the lecturer did
Engaging with Literature Creatively, November 11-12, 2014, UKSW
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The S"1 International Seminar
Satya IVacaiia Christian University
was leading the students to make report poetry by getting the explanation from the
lecturer, then analyzed the poetry generally. The lecturer viewed that PGI helped the
students to investigate poetry and motivated the students to write a poetry report. The
interview result could be seen as follows:
Extract 1: Interview with Mr. Sam (pseudonym)
"Group investigation helped the students in investigating a poetry. In doing some
investigations, it was believed that by applying group investigation the problem could
be solved. Besides, group investigation also motivated the students to write a poetry
report. The roles of the lecturer were motivator, guide, and facilitator."
There was a different viewpoint applying PGI and not applying PGI in the
classroom. When the lecturer did not apply group investigation, the students found
difficulties in writing poetry report since they did not share their ideas, they did not
argue and only some students who involved actively in the group.
Therefore, some students who engaged actively in a classroom activity, they
got good scores. By using PGI, the students argued their own ideas then they shared
their own ideas to the group and finally they got comprehensible feedbacks from other
groups.
The lecturer stated that PGI lead his students to think carefully and
cooperatively each other. The lecturer's feeling after applying PGI was happy. It
seemed that he would apply PGI in the classroom.
Exract 2 : Interview with Mr. Sam (pseudonym)
" / am happy in applying PGI, since my students is more active in enganging
the classroom activities. They can have a critical thinking and they can work
in a group cooperatively. "
Engaging with Literature Creatively, November 11-12, 2014, UKSW
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The S"1 International Seminar
Satya IVacaiia Christian University
3, Students' Perspectives
Below is the chart of students' perception based on the given questionnaires.
Some of them may agree, strongly agree, disagree, strongly disagree with the
statements relates to PGI. Here is the chart:
30
25
20
Strongly A
15
Agree
10
Disagree
Strongly D
A
yv
o?
sy
o?
&
rt>
o?
rS&
Engaging with Literature Creatively, November 11-12, 2014, UKSW
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The S"1 International Seminar
Satya IVacaiia Christian University
7. Sharing
3. Grouping
I
4. Planning and 5. Investigating
8. Evaluating
It1
Organizing
9. Writing
,*HI
Engaging with Literature Creatively, November 11-12, 2014, UKSW
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The S"1 International Seminar
Satya IVacaiia Christian University
Appendix 4: The poem for PGI
The Eagle
by Alfred, Lord Tennyson
(Poems of Alfred, Lord Tennyson)
He clasps the crag with crooked hands;
Close to the sun in lonely lands,
Ringed with the azure world, he stands.
The wrinkled sea beneath him crawls;
He watches from his mountain walls,
And like a thunderbolt he falls.
Appendix 5: Sample of Students' Poetry Writing Report
STUDENT A
STUDENT B
The Eagle
The Eagle
dashing
The eagle is the great kinds of bird.
brave, has strong body, and sharp claws that
He is so strong with 2 wings. Because he
is made. The eagle into incredible bird. The
want to search a freedom and explore the
eagle fa;;s as if a thunderbolt when he was
words, enjoy the world and cross the sea.
seeing from on the top of mountain walls. I
The lesson can we learn from the poem is
got a lesson from the poem that as strong
although we live alone we must able to stiff
though as any of us would certainly fall too.
and keep our life. Freedom is the best way to
The eagle is a bird that is
explore the world in our life.
The poem present stunning image of
a creature that impresses the readers of how
My impression about that poem is
powerful the bird is. This poem created by
very motivated. That poem teaches us about
Alfred Lord Tennyson. This poem like the
autodidact. We must keep stiff in our life.
poem by Stephen that has fulfilled his
About the author background, the poet is
purposes by selecting and arranging words
Alfred Tennison. He was poet Laureate of
that by association and rhytm subtly bring us
great Britain and Ireland during of Queen
the sight, sound, and movement of wave of
Victoria's reign and remains one of the most
the sea.
popular British poet.
Engaging with Literature Creatively, November 11-12, 2014, UKSW
29
Herman Khunaivi
Semarang State University
Semarang State University
candradewi .wahyu @ gmail.com
lionelvakin@ gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Poetry was one of the requirement subjects in the undergraduate program of
English Department. Giving a report assignment in Poetry class was a good
task for assessing students' ideas toward their poetry materials. However, the
students found a barrier in writing their report. Indeed, the lecturer had to
apply an effective teaching method to overcome the barrier. Dealing with this
issue, this study was conducted to develop group investigation in writing a
report of poetry class and to examine the practicality and efficiency of group
investigation. This study was held at English Department of Islamic Sultan
Agung University Semarang (UNISSULA). The type of this study was
research and development design. The participants of this study were the
lecturer and the students of poetry class at UNISSULA. Questionnaire,
interview, and observation were used to collect the data. The study showed
the lecturer had good response to the development of using poetry group
investigation in writing a report of poetry class. The lecturer viewed that
poetry group investigation was a good choice to lead his students to think
carefully and cooperatively each other. It could be concluded that poetry
group investigation was practicality and efficiency helped students in writing
a report of poetry class. It made the students to be active, participated and
helped students to become independent learners.
Keywords: group investigation, writing a report, poetry
INTRODUCTION
English Department students need to have a good interpretation skill in doing the
literature assignments. Sims (2012) contends that readers of literature find they have different
interpretations of the same works in discussing the particular literary works. It means that the
students tend to have various interpretations toward the literature assignments. The literature
Engaging with Literature Creatively, November 11-12, 2014, UKSW
11
The S"1 International Seminar
Satya IVacaiia Christian University
assignments make the students have the sense of critical thinking for interpreting the literary
works, particularly in poetry. According to Kellem (2009), a poetry covers a source of
content-rich reading material; a model of creative language in use; a way to introduce
vocabulary in context; and a way to focus students' attention on English pronunciation,
rhythm, and stress.
Poetry is one of the requirement subjects in the undergraduate program of English
Department. The lecturer usually gives a poetry assignment in which assesses the students'
interpretation. Broughton (1999) states assessment methods should pursue the need of the
poetry activity. The assessment measures covers creative drama, puppets, writing projects, or
other media. Moreover, the lecturer tends to give the students writing projects in poetry class.
Dealing with the writing report assignment, students tend to feel anxious since they find
difficulties in pouring their ideas into written forms. It happens when the lecturer assesses the
students by giving writing assignments. Since poetry deals with literature aspect, the students
get barrier in writing the poetry report. However, students need to grasp the poetry in order to
fulfill the assessment in poetry class.
Doing writing a poetry report, the students need to state their interpretation toward the
poetry. It cannot be avoided that the students have a problem in analyzing the poetry
individually rather than in a group. Sharing ideas in a group helps the students to be more
active to join in the group discussion. Richard and Rodgers (2001) denote a group discussion
is part of cooperative learning in which the learners are able to develop their communication
competence through interaction activities. Furthermore, a specific interaction activity in
group discussion is group investigation. Hartati (2013) views group investigation gives
lecturers with one instructional strategy to achieve the inquiry, content learning and learning
Engaging with Literature Creatively, November 11-12, 2014, UKSW
12
The S"1 International Seminar
Satya IVacaiia Christian University
to work cooperatively. Zingaro (2008) propose the description of group investigation steps, as
follows:
1. The lecturer gives a problem to the class, and students choose an interest group
(grouping).
2.
Groups plan their investigation, the procedures, tasks and goals consistent with the
chosen subtopic (planning).
3.
Groups do the investigation (investigating).
4.
Groups organize their presentation (organizing).
5.
Groups conduct the presentation (presenting).
6. The lecturer and students evaluate the investigation and resulting presentations
(evaluating).
Regarding to the idea of implementing group investigation in writing the poetry
report, it can be considered that there will be additional steps of group investigation since it
deals with poetry. This study develops the group investigation in writing a report of poetry
class. Poetry Group Investigation (PGI) is developed into nine steps in which cover reading,
mapping, grouping, planning, investigating, organizing, writing, sharing and evaluating. The
purposes of the study are to develop the group investigation in writing a report of poetry class
and to examine the practicality and efficiency of group investigation. The study are guided by
two research question: Why is a group investigation needed to be developed in writing poetry
report?, How is a group investigation developed in writing poetry report?, How is the
practical and effectiveness of developing group investigation in writing poetry report?
Three aspects are influenced to the significance of this study. Theoretically, this
study hopefully provides a brief explanation, instruction and description about the
implementation of PGI. It is expected that this study will be useful as a comprehensive
Engaging with Literature Creatively, November 11-12, 2014, UKSW I
The S"1 International Seminar
Satya IVacaiia Christian University
media, especially for teachers and learners and also to be able to be used as the result of this
study for further study. Practically, PGI as a technique, it is believed that the students of
English Department will be encouraged to write the poetry report. Doing PGI, it is expected
that the students will be active, encourage them to share their own ideas toward poetry.
Pedagogically, referring to the nature of this technique, it is believed that PGI can provide
valuable contribution in improving the classroom environment. If the students are motivated,
they will try to explore what they have thought and make them to write. As the result, they
will participate more in the teaching and learning process and become independent learners.
METHODOLOGY
Research and Development Study
This study used research and development. Research and development has been
defined as a numerical method of describing observations of materials or characteristics (Gall
et al. 2003). According to Akker (1999), there are four steps in research and development,
those are:
Preliminary investigation
^r
Theoretical embedding
ir
Empirical testing
1
Documentation, analysis, and reflection on process and outcome
Figure 1: Steps of research and development.
1. Preliminary Investigation
This study is an early stage development comprising.
1.1 Literature Study
Engaging with Literature Creatively, November 11-12, 2014, UKSW
14
The S"1 International Seminar
Satya IVacaiia Christian University
Literature study is a study to learn the concepts of theories about the
model of being developed.
1.2 Field Survey
Field surveys are conducted to gather data regarding the planning and
the implementation of group investigation in learning poetry within the
classroom. Data are collected through interviews, questionnaires, documentary
studies, and observations in the classroom directly when lecturers teach
directly in the classroom.
1.3 Drafting Products
Draft product is based on the data that have been gathered from field
surveys and referring to the basics theory or concepts. First, other techniques
and group investigation are combined. After getting a new product that Poetry
Group Investigation (PGI) which is developed by giving additional activities,
mappings the groups are done by lecturer. In one hand, the lecturer handles the
classroom and guides the students in applying group investigation.
On the other hand, the lecturer has several roles for motivating the
students, leading the students, and making mind mapping to the students in
doing group investigation. After finishing drafting the product, the lecturer
applies this product that is Poetry Group Investigation (PGI).
2, Theoretical Embedding
Group investigation is known by many teachers even lecturers as cooperative
learning. It is believed that a cooperative learning method is as being able to give
opportunity for students to be involved in discussing topics. Although it considers as
an active role of students as more important, it does not mean that lecturer in the
Engaging with Literature Creatively, November 11-12, 2014, UKSW
15
The S"1 International Seminar
Satya IVacaiia Christian University
classroom is not participating. In learning process, lecturer has roles as designer,
facilitator and guide in the learning process.
A cooperative learning method has several types, namely write-pair-share
(WPS), Group Investigation (GI), Students Teams Achievement Divisions (STAD),
Teams-Games-Toumament (TGT), Team Assisted Individualized (TAI) and Jigsaw
(Isjoni, 2009). One of its interesting types is group investigation. Group investigation
is an organizational technique that allows a class to work actively and collaboratively
in small groups and enables students to take an active role in determining their own
learning goals and processes. Group investigation technique requires the students to
form small interest groups, plan and implement their investigation, synthesize the
group members' findings, and make a presentation to the entire class (Isjoni, 2009).
Group investigation is viewed as a good choice to be developed into a new
product that is Poetry Group Investigation (PGI). Adopting and developing this
technique, the lecturer is expected to be able to run the teaching learning process
effectively, especially in teaching a poetry report.
3, Empirical Testing
Referring to the nature of group investigation, it is believed that PGI can
provide valuable contribution in improving the classroom environment, motivate the
students to share their own idea. If the students are motivated, they will feel fun in
engaging the poetry class activities. As the result, they will participate more in the
learning process. Having got the new product that is PGI, PGI is ready to be
implemented in the classroom. Afterwards, the PGI implementation is checked
whether it is well applied or not.
Engaging with Literature Creatively, November 11-12, 2014, UKSW
16
The S"1 International Seminar
Satya IVacaiia Christian University
4, Documentation, Analysis, Reflection on Process and Outcome
In implementing PGI, the documentation of applying PGI is got as the data.
Furthermore, the next step is analyzing the implementation of PGI and the process of
running PGI. Finally, the outcome of applying PGI in the poetry class in making a
poetry report is revealed.
Context of the Study and Participants
This study was conducted at English Department of Sultan Agung Islamic
University in an English Poetry class. The class consisted of 38 students. This study
employed one poetry class's lecturer and 38 students of poetry class.
Instrument of Data Collection
Observations, documentary, questionnaire, and interview are used in order to
acquire sufficient data. The results of the data acquired were in the appendices (see
appendices).
DISCUSSION
This part covers the findings of the study based on the instruments of data collection.
The description as the following:
A. Poetry Group Investigation (PGI)
Group Investigation (GI)
Poetry Group Investigation (PGI)
1
Grouping -> Planning -> J Investigating
1
Reading
4
Organizing -> Presenting -> Evaluating
4
Planning-> ^Investigating^
^Mapping -^Grouping ->
6
Organizing-> 7Sharing->
Evaluating^ 9Writing
Figure 2: The steps of Group Investigation to Poetry Group Investigation
Engaging with Literature Creatively, November 11-12, 2014, UKSW
17
The S"1 International Seminar
Satya IVacaiia Christian University
Regarding to Figure 2, there were different number of the steps. In common
group investigation, they were six steps applied. PGI in writing poetry report covered
nine steps. The nine steps were explained as below:
1. Reading
Before the lecturer divided the students into several groups, the lecturer read
the whole sentences or stanza in the poetry. Afterwards, he generally interpreted the
poetry. The aim of reading the whole poetry was to activate the students' schemata
related to the topic.
2. Mapping
The lecturer made a mapping to divide the students into several groups. The
function of mapping was to know the ability of each student in order to become a
balanced group.
3. Grouping
The lecturer divided the students into small groups which consisted of four to
five students which had the same ability.
4. Planning
The lecturer gave an instruction to the students to do the poetry based on the
questions, those were: What does the poem tell us about?, What is or are the subject
in the poem?, What lesson can you take from the poem?, What is your impression
about this poem?, What is the author's background?. All the questions were given by
the lecturer to know how the students investigated the poem and made a poetry report.
5. Investigating
Each group should answer the questions that were given by the lecturer
previously. In one hand, a group had to discuss with the whole members of the group
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in order to get the final appropriate answer relating to the questions. On the other
hands, the others members could share their own knowledge to the group, and
discussed their opinions with others. The best answer would be agreed by the group.
6. Organizing
The best answer had been already got by the groups. After getting the answer
the groups had to make a report based on the topic available and the given questions
by the lecturer. In organizing step, the students should organize the answer to be
report poetry. Some groups might answer the questions based on the number, while
some groups might answer the questions and arranged the answer into a paragraph.
7. Sharing
After organizing the best answer of each question, the students tried to share
the answer with the members; afterwards the students shared the answer with other
groups. In this step, they tried to share their opinion to other groups relates to the
decision of their discussion. When they were going to share their ideas with other
groups, they tried to explore their findings.
8. Evaluating
The students tried to evaluate what they once got. They compared their own
opinions or ideas in answering the questions. Moreover, the lecturer gave explanation
related to the question, and the lecturer also concluded what they already investigated.
There would not be correct and incorrect answer since the answer should be the
interpretation of each group.
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9. Writing
The students should make a report in writing form. By doing sharing and
evaluating they would get more information relates to the poetry. Finally, as their
assignment the students made a poetry report writing.
Poetry Group Investigation (PGI) had been implemented successfully in the
poetry class. Based on the classroom observation, the lecturer applied PGI and the
students actively joined the classroom activity. Therefore, PGI could help the
students' writing a poetry report, because they shared their own ideas with their
members in a group, discussed their ideas and finally the best decision of answering
questions had been already got by the group.
B. The practicality and efficiency of Poetry Group Investigation
The practicality and efficiency of PGI derived to the two points, those covered
benefits of the developed group investigation, the lecturer and students' perspectives
toward PGI in writing poetry report.
1. Benefits of Poetry Group Investigation
Based on the data acquired, it was found that PGI gave several advantages.
The benefits cover the answer of each question would be better, since it was another
student' ideas, then sharing their ideas, and evaluating their ideas based on their
findings of each group. Besides, other students got a chance to share their own ideas
in the group or even in the evaluating session.
2. Lecturer's Perspectives
Based on the data interview it could be concluded that the students basically
found the difficulty in writing the poetry report. The first thing that the lecturer did
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was leading the students to make report poetry by getting the explanation from the
lecturer, then analyzed the poetry generally. The lecturer viewed that PGI helped the
students to investigate poetry and motivated the students to write a poetry report. The
interview result could be seen as follows:
Extract 1: Interview with Mr. Sam (pseudonym)
"Group investigation helped the students in investigating a poetry. In doing some
investigations, it was believed that by applying group investigation the problem could
be solved. Besides, group investigation also motivated the students to write a poetry
report. The roles of the lecturer were motivator, guide, and facilitator."
There was a different viewpoint applying PGI and not applying PGI in the
classroom. When the lecturer did not apply group investigation, the students found
difficulties in writing poetry report since they did not share their ideas, they did not
argue and only some students who involved actively in the group.
Therefore, some students who engaged actively in a classroom activity, they
got good scores. By using PGI, the students argued their own ideas then they shared
their own ideas to the group and finally they got comprehensible feedbacks from other
groups.
The lecturer stated that PGI lead his students to think carefully and
cooperatively each other. The lecturer's feeling after applying PGI was happy. It
seemed that he would apply PGI in the classroom.
Exract 2 : Interview with Mr. Sam (pseudonym)
" / am happy in applying PGI, since my students is more active in enganging
the classroom activities. They can have a critical thinking and they can work
in a group cooperatively. "
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3, Students' Perspectives
Below is the chart of students' perception based on the given questionnaires.
Some of them may agree, strongly agree, disagree, strongly disagree with the
statements relates to PGI. Here is the chart:
30
25
20
Strongly A
15
Agree
10
Disagree
Strongly D
A
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7. Sharing
3. Grouping
I
4. Planning and 5. Investigating
8. Evaluating
It1
Organizing
9. Writing
,*HI
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Appendix 4: The poem for PGI
The Eagle
by Alfred, Lord Tennyson
(Poems of Alfred, Lord Tennyson)
He clasps the crag with crooked hands;
Close to the sun in lonely lands,
Ringed with the azure world, he stands.
The wrinkled sea beneath him crawls;
He watches from his mountain walls,
And like a thunderbolt he falls.
Appendix 5: Sample of Students' Poetry Writing Report
STUDENT A
STUDENT B
The Eagle
The Eagle
dashing
The eagle is the great kinds of bird.
brave, has strong body, and sharp claws that
He is so strong with 2 wings. Because he
is made. The eagle into incredible bird. The
want to search a freedom and explore the
eagle fa;;s as if a thunderbolt when he was
words, enjoy the world and cross the sea.
seeing from on the top of mountain walls. I
The lesson can we learn from the poem is
got a lesson from the poem that as strong
although we live alone we must able to stiff
though as any of us would certainly fall too.
and keep our life. Freedom is the best way to
The eagle is a bird that is
explore the world in our life.
The poem present stunning image of
a creature that impresses the readers of how
My impression about that poem is
powerful the bird is. This poem created by
very motivated. That poem teaches us about
Alfred Lord Tennyson. This poem like the
autodidact. We must keep stiff in our life.
poem by Stephen that has fulfilled his
About the author background, the poet is
purposes by selecting and arranging words
Alfred Tennison. He was poet Laureate of
that by association and rhytm subtly bring us
great Britain and Ireland during of Queen
the sight, sound, and movement of wave of
Victoria's reign and remains one of the most
the sea.
popular British poet.
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