A WOMAN'S RIGHTS TO GET BETTER EDUCATION IN A BORDER PASSAGE BY LEILA AHMED: A FEMINIST STUDY.
A WoDan's Righrs to cet Bettq Eduoation
i.
A Border Parsaee by
lf,itr Ahned: A lemidsL
A THISIS
Submiftn in p,ni.l Fu filLtror b
lor rh.
D.Ee orseie
rhe
RquiMm!
s,#
LIDYA PREIT|VI
8P.06985029
English DepartmeDf
Faculty of L€ttels - Aodrhs Ubiversity
prdrng
20lo
Study.
ABSTRAK
Ddm p€nelitid ini
nengsalis karra Leila Ahhed, yaitu A Boder Passe. A
Boder Pssaqe adalah sebuah nemon (autobiogafi) kntos seorang tokoh yane bcm@a Lcila.
'lokoh ini tmbuh dalm kelEga tmg n6ih menjunjung nil,i nilai I'arrirky yana mcmbuat
p€nulis
kedudukm wlnilalebih rendah ddi pria terutlm dalan kelulrgaibutrya, Beidrsrk.n ddk yrns
di drpat ddi nenon ini terdapar isu reminis nenseu pada hal untuk toendalarkd pendidike
ydg baik diperoleh LeilaAhmed dalam 2 6p€k. yaitur dengd pendidiksn sks mendapa(m
pekedm dd sektor publik ydg baik.
Dalan nmbana kryr sta ini, penulis menggunakan Fndekabn ek$resif ol.h
MH.Abms dm k tik s4Ea leninis oleh Elaine Showdlrer Dllan hsl ini pcnulis nchgeuatd
rcori Elaine Shosaller yaitu w ila scbaeai penulh, yakni gynocdiics. Yan! $embahas
basaim apenulispMit nenggmbtrks inage wi|a di dalm kary! srE Eebutdenean
mcpobaikd I ksempaEn te6ebut. Pe.ulis n€ngsunakan pcncliid kepu6latd dalad
lensumpultr buku'buku db rlerosi yus b€rkaih d€nso loptk anatisis. Kenudim
dildjulke densan netode luolitatif u.tuk mengmbil kulipan-kulipm ydg mendlkun! alisa
penllh, I I6i1 Lsebul dipapdke nelaldi netode deskiprit
Selelah
penelili ini dislceikm,
penulG menemuhn b3nwa dslan karya Lcita Ahmed
tentang hal hrt wmira untuk mendapa&m pcndidike ydg lebih baik.
pendidiko
Melalui
s{amtidak l gsung wanib bhalertetas dsisisr€m patriarki yrng rerdrpur
ddd keludssya. Disini bila mendpilktr hal te6ebu! petu4 Leila nenckok supald
wanira bie nend4atkan pendidikan yd8 layak untuk nengbnskar dcBjarnya sendiri supdyd
lidak lemsn di maro loli-leki. Melaluipendidik ini smila aka. mcndopa&d r€terj$ yn8
mdmbuat dcrajar mereka ema di mar.laki-takidd ketuardari shrd pat iarki y3.g sudah tda
mensukMg di lcluarsa dm nasyanlal. Keduq dengm mendopatktr pendidito, N ji. .ld
menpunyai lclerlibatln dalam sekor publik..,adi dapd disinputktu b,nwa t,eih Ahmcd
mene*ake supaya wdib selidalnya hsrus nenitiki pendidikd sebagai tonb€! buat neElra
keluadaripaham patidki dan nembuat dcnjar nereka lebih reHckat.
ini menyueaktu
CIIAPTER
1
B$ksroud ol rb€ RMrch
1,1 Th€
Fen'nis is voma's
movenent to slru$l€
position lo man. leFinist dis novenenl
Mo@ve( reoi.ist criticim
i.
in setins equal rights dd
6nes frm f&t
that womch
@ oppGsed.
lir€mnn app€d fion the lrci thd posnion of
obso su or criiics re doninated by nen, As Baly in his book enlitled Beqinnine
Th6tu An htodu.lion to Litew ed Cultnl Tb6n
works pEse.t yonan
s
the
nm
dl€oe, but nost
domimtion" 1l2l)- FurlhemoF, feninist qitios
states
of$n
tha! "in fi€
ndy
no's
always pesenr
wet to delhc deir om
neld,
particultrly in litemry crilicisn lhot discusses oboul this issue md usually tne wofts
e
b6ed on 6eir oM peDFcrive. reminin likmD cnhcrs iq
lileey
works thDugh women poinls of views
lile lik€ rutobiosmphy or mehoir ih
One oI the
Sh€ is
she
e
a
6
the
Bult ol
developm€.t
lil$ry wo*.
mite6 rho opply the feninist ida in their work
EglTtim
ad lsnEr
of
sone.
wond's
Studi€s in
is
t-ila
Ahned.
Masrnuetts. The {ay of
exprses ids in work bosd on her peso.al exrEriences. One of her no$
pop d works is A Bodd Pseqe. a nemoir which lelb
soBd
opDortunities
iet
drinss aiout the
in ondilion of patriehal lalue paniculely in Elisio.
hr mo$d's fmily.
F6p€ctive
in the
tine innemdy ir
The
wile.
ch@ses A aorder pdsaEe
Eslptia wons or Leila s m€noir 6
e
mitl€n by Leila Ah6ed r€lling abour
objecq
beeus 6rsi,lhis
ndoir
o
implies
the side
ofRonm\
r.ih's
still adheEd ih
ftorhers
dgh|s to epi beuer eduootion in @ndition of patrilFhal value
fmily Enains
holdins on the polridcnol valuc. whilc in inc
notheas feith, Leila's rrther suppons the eqDal ight betwen
Ssndy,
ne.
d
*ee appercd
leila muld nol acquirc
she
dd
wom
60r
d€spite the @ndilion
th€
by wohan's adho!
witer choosB
dd b€.dF
a!$or he6en Tnmud this m€moi.. &.
d*rib€s
$e
the woman
d
tule which
enbaced by tEr nother's
lamily lnlhk memoi! Leile blunlly shows wom& opporlunities to
Mittd
6clqs
nust live 6glinsl the r'adnional role in her
moth€ls lamily by bFting the tule that h6 exisred
The 161
wmen-
in t€m of eduetion, job md public
caily baause
b hr
@ B.y to hcr
this menon aho d€liveB aboul lhe inequlity of gcnder
nen dd women that
Md educational
qisl
mothq fmily, Al lhal tihe, the equl dght did
ofpntiNhal
b€ an intelleotual
value wnioh
rhis lopic md work
till
odhq€d
b.euse $is nenoir is
this is rhe real exp€ri.nce or lrue story ot lhe
{iter
6
obseNe how ihe
nain cha@ler in h6 nenon.
I
na*es rhe
ki6 d wnu
{ite.
is
awde
or
somelono ior 6pRialb inthelnonfi*o ink'tr\mmon
Leila
M
bon ftom lhe upper cl6s family. In A Bord€r pssq€ m€mon
Leila tells bow she pu^ued her goal ro be
the middle
ofa
d
educrtiobal
dd
shohg pEtriecbal value thar sritt adheed
Ddpile ths fact of mo,lm eF
ed
i.
intellectu.t wohm in
h€r noth€fs &mity
rhe &ct of d€cEsins sender div€6ity, in fa€t,
palrlehal value siill existed ib Leila's molher fdmity, but Lrila
lcrosledge
a!
sented
to shate her
womm thal laler rEkes her su@eds ro sain lhe equat iights to
ns.
CII.APTER
IV
CONCI,USION
A BorderPaseqe is
d
nenonwittcn bv
in 1999 This nleNoir
L'eila Ahmc'i
educational
her dreds to bc inlellectual and
leth hos ihc E&vP1id somd pusued
j{ib
rhai nrslcs rvomen cln lei a good
enu@Ion
gcttine
bv
'nd
shows
Ahhcd
Leila
good public role that makes women
achieved
b!
he.
en
go outside
nodcr's woman la'rilv nemb&
lon
such as nro0rerr
aunts. Shc has io deal with various obsbclcs 10 achicve
The $dggle lo be on i.lelleciuJ
dd edustionll
bc
Paridchal val06 cannot
rll oi
gm'dnoihcri
nghts
thd
and
sho wants
somrn must go tbroug[ a lor ot
erons. some olwhich is bv brcakiDg thc rule or livcs ourside fron ihc pahiarchrl
p$sive
rule that inhcrendt dheres in hcr morhcas believe that is woncn nust bc
and subnissivc
opprcssed
molheas
sd
bl han
makins hen
s
directly bul she
supe!.r thd qoncn
h
oppressed by lhc
rulci or svsr'ms in
rmily thol is rundmcntalisl islm bt Egedine
seems like unfair tirr
lthoush lcila is not
man as
her
sLFio. ald il
Ronan.
ln anal,zins this Esedr.h rhc wtitct
locuscs on rltce poinls,
fiEt in rh.
prkiarchal religious intcrpEtation by seekins out women d €ducalior tnen wohen
dd
*o (
work. As lhc rcsult womcn rolc in educarion md
rhat
liv6
und€r the
pabidchal religion 3re srill m.re inlerior io mcr. Bccause peoFle beliel in thd
tmdiiioislrules in which palrirchalruie is e8arded nen
while vomen
ed
{e
expsted to be nore obeliem wid rhe
a
lll
a suterio.b€ing orBod
ofrules creaied by nale
rhey cffndr rei€ct at all, rhe6b! these rulcs Esulted the condirion rhal womet
positio. is regardetl
&s
work. h n diincun for
!
second scx such in
dcn
gilinaopinion. coEplaint, serncnl
sd
l€dilional tub tnal ir Erendy a.tEres in the
ro leale the
sociolt Lr mMl yer^ because ii sems like iigrained forrhem and.te lhc so.iely
Morcover, thc circumsbnccs whcn thcy lile did not suppon rhc wohen in serlinellE
equal rieht. Thus.lhc socict! will look
Sccond,
dom lor so(en opposire
lhc writer rocuses on rhc
loft
ofthe sle6tjpcs
aDd
.l
beaking
worrei
in
rhe
jis
mchon who liye unde. pafiNhal thar makes thc slcrcortpcd of rvo'n6 exisred in
ihk toemoir in reins ofsubmissivc (rilling
10
subnn or sho{ira such inclimtnrn)
md pa$ive (dre form olexpressiod rhar iJ incdcdivc orambitiout. Hcre, jn
subnisive, lhe womcn in
case
nother !rc bore dependsnl on nale rotci i,r dris
isthe Bmndfadcr. Trris condition naLes the yomen in t,etts snrothotobeome
inferior and regard ncn
i.
bla\
d
supedorsuch
6
g@dfalher Md husband in family Thcn,
pasivc lcm, women becomc unmolivared woeen
b rsch
lndn.pponuniries as it
h rcflected in the behaviorolwonen fanily nember in Leitr.s moiher
The
l$t,
patriarchal rule
the
s
aritd
r.cuses on women.s opponlnilies
as a strbnissive
get thou8h
lie all ol oplortuniiies
erlucalion, jdb
md passive wohm such
10 reach the
lnd public iole l-arer, t€ila
fmily$!twoman
patirohal rule
tmily
to tive
found in A Border Paseqe. L.ila Ahmed docs nor
$ereolpcd
the
remr.f
also car get the s@e
in order ro rdllow her
s
her toolhels
oubide
wdt lo b.
fmily,
so shc
opponunity lo bc eqDt in iem
succ@ds
of
to pbve with her norher.s
opponunitiess nm by moving aulsid€ ot
drans
ro have thc
enc
opporhrnities in {he
ourideollherulc.Alihough leib
and deais
beakthe
te in he. morhq
rvi$ sone conhdicrion frcn her mother
fmily,
prove to her noilrer lanily thar womcn dese8e equiLy
fimity rRditionll
s6e
fim|y
ru
le
succccns to
h ma y snccts oflifc
such
!r
to bc inrellectual and educatiomt woman and arc not onty resp.nsibte a6.ur wom$
domcsiic iury ar homc. rn the orhcr
20rh ccnturt. is
molcmcnts
$
rhelimcwh.n
hdd
sociery and ar the rinre rcita tives,
the condnior alreadt
cely
c.n slFflrert tcila to mako sojne
rharher lirmily can acccpr he. and belietcteeodc. equir!.
From all olrhe rnatysisabove, thc
witcs
coictudes
rtrxL
A Bo.iqrp$saEck
qM&, h
cl.scttr rotrrei wirh cyn{Eriris thcory since ir h wriring made b}
tr
wfiting. *omcn s represenl lhc fremoir about thc author
erperiene. Lcila
Ahmed N a fcnale &thor
hd
succeened Ecounling
serqd
ier llemonat c$cricnc. in
iifethrough rhisnemo;. shede suppoA rhe feninisr idarn lnismcndir. in
sJrc
ponmys the couBeeous women
r.
lhh
her
lhhh
brcak or tjve ouiside psria.chat rutes. She
shows her stftre8y to gain indepondencc by gening educdnrn
thar nakes
gel a Eood job and public mte makins them
ch
romen c&
ao oukidc raom paridchat values
rhsl inhercnt by women. In lne orher hand, palriehy uses a el,sion
th.r js
fundafrenralisr Islam as a ptace
to make womcn ro b. iiterior ro men. In flcr
padarchal vrlues docs nol existed in
wooen position inlcriortho men.
Egft
bur in Aherjca atso
hs h
rhat
n.tes
Bibliogdphy:
bdns. M H. r'he Mircr on $e LMp: Ronutic
Theo
d Cnlical Tpditio..
NewYork:oxford UniveNiry PEs.l9?6.
Abdulotit hsue Konienmre. Pcminpin wanib D.lan Islam. 2m9 {nlinehtrp://ww!.nail-dchive.ontpal ta@ninds.mbunel.o4y'nsql0780.htnl
hmed, Leila. A Borde! Paseee. NeN
\rexudE. Leila Ahmed,
Yoik I Penguin Croup
1999.
On Becomino Arab, 200a
-online-
hno/us.bcnninqrouo.com/sbtic/reuideVus6order p$see.hln,.
Ameli!. Dvi Putri. Place- Displacenent ed ldcmit! in A Bod$ Pssegq-E!-Lqil!
Ahned: PosL.lonial Stldv. Podans: Andals Unive6iq. 2009 (Unpublished).
Women oooodunities definirion
hno://lnehiv€.modbee.contnode/l 8408
Cml
whv Wonen Need lne Gdldess. 19?6
i.
A Border Parsaee by
lf,itr Ahned: A lemidsL
A THISIS
Submiftn in p,ni.l Fu filLtror b
lor rh.
D.Ee orseie
rhe
RquiMm!
s,#
LIDYA PREIT|VI
8P.06985029
English DepartmeDf
Faculty of L€ttels - Aodrhs Ubiversity
prdrng
20lo
Study.
ABSTRAK
Ddm p€nelitid ini
nengsalis karra Leila Ahhed, yaitu A Boder Passe. A
Boder Pssaqe adalah sebuah nemon (autobiogafi) kntos seorang tokoh yane bcm@a Lcila.
'lokoh ini tmbuh dalm kelEga tmg n6ih menjunjung nil,i nilai I'arrirky yana mcmbuat
p€nulis
kedudukm wlnilalebih rendah ddi pria terutlm dalan kelulrgaibutrya, Beidrsrk.n ddk yrns
di drpat ddi nenon ini terdapar isu reminis nenseu pada hal untuk toendalarkd pendidike
ydg baik diperoleh LeilaAhmed dalam 2 6p€k. yaitur dengd pendidiksn sks mendapa(m
pekedm dd sektor publik ydg baik.
Dalan nmbana kryr sta ini, penulis menggunakan Fndekabn ek$resif ol.h
MH.Abms dm k tik s4Ea leninis oleh Elaine Showdlrer Dllan hsl ini pcnulis nchgeuatd
rcori Elaine Shosaller yaitu w ila scbaeai penulh, yakni gynocdiics. Yan! $embahas
basaim apenulispMit nenggmbtrks inage wi|a di dalm kary! srE Eebutdenean
mcpobaikd I ksempaEn te6ebut. Pe.ulis n€ngsunakan pcncliid kepu6latd dalad
lensumpultr buku'buku db rlerosi yus b€rkaih d€nso loptk anatisis. Kenudim
dildjulke densan netode luolitatif u.tuk mengmbil kulipan-kulipm ydg mendlkun! alisa
penllh, I I6i1 Lsebul dipapdke nelaldi netode deskiprit
Selelah
penelili ini dislceikm,
penulG menemuhn b3nwa dslan karya Lcita Ahmed
tentang hal hrt wmira untuk mendapa&m pcndidike ydg lebih baik.
pendidiko
Melalui
s{amtidak l gsung wanib bhalertetas dsisisr€m patriarki yrng rerdrpur
ddd keludssya. Disini bila mendpilktr hal te6ebu! petu4 Leila nenckok supald
wanira bie nend4atkan pendidikan yd8 layak untuk nengbnskar dcBjarnya sendiri supdyd
lidak lemsn di maro loli-leki. Melaluipendidik ini smila aka. mcndopa&d r€terj$ yn8
mdmbuat dcrajar mereka ema di mar.laki-takidd ketuardari shrd pat iarki y3.g sudah tda
mensukMg di lcluarsa dm nasyanlal. Keduq dengm mendopatktr pendidito, N ji. .ld
menpunyai lclerlibatln dalam sekor publik..,adi dapd disinputktu b,nwa t,eih Ahmcd
mene*ake supaya wdib selidalnya hsrus nenitiki pendidikd sebagai tonb€! buat neElra
keluadaripaham patidki dan nembuat dcnjar nereka lebih reHckat.
ini menyueaktu
CIIAPTER
1
B$ksroud ol rb€ RMrch
1,1 Th€
Fen'nis is voma's
movenent to slru$l€
position lo man. leFinist dis novenenl
Mo@ve( reoi.ist criticim
i.
in setins equal rights dd
6nes frm f&t
that womch
@ oppGsed.
lir€mnn app€d fion the lrci thd posnion of
obso su or criiics re doninated by nen, As Baly in his book enlitled Beqinnine
Th6tu An htodu.lion to Litew ed Cultnl Tb6n
works pEse.t yonan
s
the
nm
dl€oe, but nost
domimtion" 1l2l)- FurlhemoF, feninist qitios
states
of$n
tha! "in fi€
ndy
no's
always pesenr
wet to delhc deir om
neld,
particultrly in litemry crilicisn lhot discusses oboul this issue md usually tne wofts
e
b6ed on 6eir oM peDFcrive. reminin likmD cnhcrs iq
lileey
works thDugh women poinls of views
lile lik€ rutobiosmphy or mehoir ih
One oI the
Sh€ is
she
e
a
6
the
Bult ol
developm€.t
lil$ry wo*.
mite6 rho opply the feninist ida in their work
EglTtim
ad lsnEr
of
sone.
wond's
Studi€s in
is
t-ila
Ahned.
Masrnuetts. The {ay of
exprses ids in work bosd on her peso.al exrEriences. One of her no$
pop d works is A Bodd Pseqe. a nemoir which lelb
soBd
opDortunities
iet
drinss aiout the
in ondilion of patriehal lalue paniculely in Elisio.
hr mo$d's fmily.
F6p€ctive
in the
tine innemdy ir
The
wile.
ch@ses A aorder pdsaEe
Eslptia wons or Leila s m€noir 6
e
mitl€n by Leila Ah6ed r€lling abour
objecq
beeus 6rsi,lhis
ndoir
o
implies
the side
ofRonm\
r.ih's
still adheEd ih
ftorhers
dgh|s to epi beuer eduootion in @ndition of patrilFhal value
fmily Enains
holdins on the polridcnol valuc. whilc in inc
notheas feith, Leila's rrther suppons the eqDal ight betwen
Ssndy,
ne.
d
*ee appercd
leila muld nol acquirc
she
dd
wom
60r
d€spite the @ndilion
th€
by wohan's adho!
witer choosB
dd b€.dF
a!$or he6en Tnmud this m€moi.. &.
d*rib€s
$e
the woman
d
tule which
enbaced by tEr nother's
lamily lnlhk memoi! Leile blunlly shows wom& opporlunities to
Mittd
6clqs
nust live 6glinsl the r'adnional role in her
moth€ls lamily by bFting the tule that h6 exisred
The 161
wmen-
in t€m of eduetion, job md public
caily baause
b hr
@ B.y to hcr
this menon aho d€liveB aboul lhe inequlity of gcnder
nen dd women that
Md educational
qisl
mothq fmily, Al lhal tihe, the equl dght did
ofpntiNhal
b€ an intelleotual
value wnioh
rhis lopic md work
till
odhq€d
b.euse $is nenoir is
this is rhe real exp€ri.nce or lrue story ot lhe
{iter
6
obseNe how ihe
nain cha@ler in h6 nenon.
I
na*es rhe
ki6 d wnu
{ite.
is
awde
or
somelono ior 6pRialb inthelnonfi*o ink'tr\mmon
Leila
M
bon ftom lhe upper cl6s family. In A Bord€r pssq€ m€mon
Leila tells bow she pu^ued her goal ro be
the middle
ofa
d
educrtiobal
dd
shohg pEtriecbal value thar sritt adheed
Ddpile ths fact of mo,lm eF
ed
i.
intellectu.t wohm in
h€r noth€fs &mity
rhe &ct of d€cEsins sender div€6ity, in fa€t,
palrlehal value siill existed ib Leila's molher fdmity, but Lrila
lcrosledge
a!
sented
to shate her
womm thal laler rEkes her su@eds ro sain lhe equat iights to
ns.
CII.APTER
IV
CONCI,USION
A BorderPaseqe is
d
nenonwittcn bv
in 1999 This nleNoir
L'eila Ahmc'i
educational
her dreds to bc inlellectual and
leth hos ihc E&vP1id somd pusued
j{ib
rhai nrslcs rvomen cln lei a good
enu@Ion
gcttine
bv
'nd
shows
Ahhcd
Leila
good public role that makes women
achieved
b!
he.
en
go outside
nodcr's woman la'rilv nemb&
lon
such as nro0rerr
aunts. Shc has io deal with various obsbclcs 10 achicve
The $dggle lo be on i.lelleciuJ
dd edustionll
bc
Paridchal val06 cannot
rll oi
gm'dnoihcri
nghts
thd
and
sho wants
somrn must go tbroug[ a lor ot
erons. some olwhich is bv brcakiDg thc rule or livcs ourside fron ihc pahiarchrl
p$sive
rule that inhcrendt dheres in hcr morhcas believe that is woncn nust bc
and subnissivc
opprcssed
molheas
sd
bl han
makins hen
s
directly bul she
supe!.r thd qoncn
h
oppressed by lhc
rulci or svsr'ms in
rmily thol is rundmcntalisl islm bt Egedine
seems like unfair tirr
lthoush lcila is not
man as
her
sLFio. ald il
Ronan.
ln anal,zins this Esedr.h rhc wtitct
locuscs on rltce poinls,
fiEt in rh.
prkiarchal religious intcrpEtation by seekins out women d €ducalior tnen wohen
dd
*o (
work. As lhc rcsult womcn rolc in educarion md
rhat
liv6
und€r the
pabidchal religion 3re srill m.re inlerior io mcr. Bccause peoFle beliel in thd
tmdiiioislrules in which palrirchalruie is e8arded nen
while vomen
ed
{e
expsted to be nore obeliem wid rhe
a
lll
a suterio.b€ing orBod
ofrules creaied by nale
rhey cffndr rei€ct at all, rhe6b! these rulcs Esulted the condirion rhal womet
positio. is regardetl
&s
work. h n diincun for
!
second scx such in
dcn
gilinaopinion. coEplaint, serncnl
sd
l€dilional tub tnal ir Erendy a.tEres in the
ro leale the
sociolt Lr mMl yer^ because ii sems like iigrained forrhem and.te lhc so.iely
Morcover, thc circumsbnccs whcn thcy lile did not suppon rhc wohen in serlinellE
equal rieht. Thus.lhc socict! will look
Sccond,
dom lor so(en opposire
lhc writer rocuses on rhc
loft
ofthe sle6tjpcs
aDd
.l
beaking
worrei
in
rhe
jis
mchon who liye unde. pafiNhal thar makes thc slcrcortpcd of rvo'n6 exisred in
ihk toemoir in reins ofsubmissivc (rilling
10
subnn or sho{ira such inclimtnrn)
md pa$ive (dre form olexpressiod rhar iJ incdcdivc orambitiout. Hcre, jn
subnisive, lhe womcn in
case
nother !rc bore dependsnl on nale rotci i,r dris
isthe Bmndfadcr. Trris condition naLes the yomen in t,etts snrothotobeome
inferior and regard ncn
i.
bla\
d
supedorsuch
6
g@dfalher Md husband in family Thcn,
pasivc lcm, women becomc unmolivared woeen
b rsch
lndn.pponuniries as it
h rcflected in the behaviorolwonen fanily nember in Leitr.s moiher
The
l$t,
patriarchal rule
the
s
aritd
r.cuses on women.s opponlnilies
as a strbnissive
get thou8h
lie all ol oplortuniiies
erlucalion, jdb
md passive wohm such
10 reach the
lnd public iole l-arer, t€ila
fmily$!twoman
patirohal rule
tmily
to tive
found in A Border Paseqe. L.ila Ahmed docs nor
$ereolpcd
the
remr.f
also car get the s@e
in order ro rdllow her
s
her toolhels
oubide
wdt lo b.
fmily,
so shc
opponunity lo bc eqDt in iem
succ@ds
of
to pbve with her norher.s
opponunitiess nm by moving aulsid€ ot
drans
ro have thc
enc
opporhrnities in {he
ourideollherulc.Alihough leib
and deais
beakthe
te in he. morhq
rvi$ sone conhdicrion frcn her mother
fmily,
prove to her noilrer lanily thar womcn dese8e equiLy
fimity rRditionll
s6e
fim|y
ru
le
succccns to
h ma y snccts oflifc
such
!r
to bc inrellectual and educatiomt woman and arc not onty resp.nsibte a6.ur wom$
domcsiic iury ar homc. rn the orhcr
20rh ccnturt. is
molcmcnts
$
rhelimcwh.n
hdd
sociery and ar the rinre rcita tives,
the condnior alreadt
cely
c.n slFflrert tcila to mako sojne
rharher lirmily can acccpr he. and belietcteeodc. equir!.
From all olrhe rnatysisabove, thc
witcs
coictudes
rtrxL
A Bo.iqrp$saEck
qM&, h
cl.scttr rotrrei wirh cyn{Eriris thcory since ir h wriring made b}
tr
wfiting. *omcn s represenl lhc fremoir about thc author
erperiene. Lcila
Ahmed N a fcnale &thor
hd
succeened Ecounling
serqd
ier llemonat c$cricnc. in
iifethrough rhisnemo;. shede suppoA rhe feninisr idarn lnismcndir. in
sJrc
ponmys the couBeeous women
r.
lhh
her
lhhh
brcak or tjve ouiside psria.chat rutes. She
shows her stftre8y to gain indepondencc by gening educdnrn
thar nakes
gel a Eood job and public mte makins them
ch
romen c&
ao oukidc raom paridchat values
rhsl inhercnt by women. In lne orher hand, palriehy uses a el,sion
th.r js
fundafrenralisr Islam as a ptace
to make womcn ro b. iiterior ro men. In flcr
padarchal vrlues docs nol existed in
wooen position inlcriortho men.
Egft
bur in Aherjca atso
hs h
rhat
n.tes
Bibliogdphy:
bdns. M H. r'he Mircr on $e LMp: Ronutic
Theo
d Cnlical Tpditio..
NewYork:oxford UniveNiry PEs.l9?6.
Abdulotit hsue Konienmre. Pcminpin wanib D.lan Islam. 2m9 {nlinehtrp://ww!.nail-dchive.ontpal ta@ninds.mbunel.o4y'nsql0780.htnl
hmed, Leila. A Borde! Paseee. NeN
\rexudE. Leila Ahmed,
Yoik I Penguin Croup
1999.
On Becomino Arab, 200a
-online-
hno/us.bcnninqrouo.com/sbtic/reuideVus6order p$see.hln,.
Ameli!. Dvi Putri. Place- Displacenent ed ldcmit! in A Bod$ Pssegq-E!-Lqil!
Ahned: PosL.lonial Stldv. Podans: Andals Unive6iq. 2009 (Unpublished).
Women oooodunities definirion
hno://lnehiv€.modbee.contnode/l 8408
Cml
whv Wonen Need lne Gdldess. 19?6