INTRODUCTION A Pragmatic Analysis Of Phatic Expression On MIG33 Internet Chatting Application.
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study
Communication is one form of language use where people make
utterances to each other. Humans do communication in many ways, one of
which is Internet Chatting. Lately, chatting in Internet is one of the most
popular activities as a form of communication, especially this is done by
young people. Nowadays, the use of Internet chatting really makes people
easier to communicate with others without considering the gap of time,
distance, class and gender.
“Chatting is a communication that is done directly” (Crumlish, 1997:
208). Chatting is like a talk in telephone by using telegraph machine. The
chatters can imagine a room, which is full of people from around the world
by talking to each other with everybody in the room. The chatters are able to
talks with other and join in anywhere of their talks at any time. Chatting can
be great fun, but it is basically an anonymous encounter. A risk of being
deceived is high, if someone is entering public chat areas where the other
users aren’t known. So the people must be careful to get in touch with the
other chatters.
In internet chatting there are two main types of Internet chat
programs. The first type is called Internet Relay Chatter or commonly is
called IRC. This type is directly on server on Internet. It is a text based chat
1
2
(no picture) and in real time. All messages immediately come on the screen
when entered. In IRC server, there is no restriction to the number of people
that can participate in a given discussion or the number of channels that can
be formed on IRC. Some examples of channels in IRC server are MIRC, The
Palace, World Chat, Microsoft’s Come Strip, Private Chat program, etc. The
second type of chat is the web based chat room (World Wide Web or
WWW). These are graphical where the chatters can choose images to
represent themselves and offer elaborate virtual environment. It is not in real
time; messages will come up on the screen if it is pressed in the refresh or
reload button. In this case, the chatters can know person who is chatting with
him/her. In this type the advantage is that chatters can send messages (like
sms) to each others when they will leave chat areas or turn off the Internet
programs. Some examples of web address server are Mig33, Yahoo
Messenger
(YM),
Mxit,
Facebook,
Friendster,
Twitter,
etc
(http://www1.brothersoft.com/mobile/phone/samsung/samsung_gt_s3653_cor
by/communication/ download/2.html).
Lately, most chatters choose the web based chat room applications
like Mig33, Yahoo Messenger (YM) or Facebook. These applications have
multifunction of used that beside multi users in the area of chat room, the
chatters can send the messages or pictures to each others. Chatting application
in this era is Mig33. This works very well even though cell phone is very
slow. We can also chat in Facebook and Yahoo Messenger easily and quickly
(http://garfit.blogspot.com/). The users of Mig33 itself are more than two
3
hundreds and fifteenth million users, starting from elementary school to
professional
employers
who
will
apply
it.
According
to
Unicorn999.hexat.com at 14th March 2010 that:
Mig33 is a mobile instant messaging application developed in
Australia that runs on GPRS/3G mobile phones with java
support. It has an unbuilt mobile VoIP service and a range of
communication tools including chat, SMS, and instant
messaging. Mig33 also provides facilities to login to Yahoo,
MSN, AIM, and Google. Talk messaging networks from your
cellphone and chat with your Yahoo, MSN, AIM,and Google
Talk contacts.
To starting conversation, especially every human always do
greeting or something else of relaxation to make unstuffy situation or to break
a silent. In this case, people to make unstuffy situation or to break a silent do
phatic expression. Below is an example of phatic expression communication
in Mig33 Internet application:
Dinda
: Nice day again, isn't it?
Shamy
: That’s right..
Dinda
: Wht’s yr cellphone numb??
Shamy
: My numb 085640262700..
Dicky
: Hi,,how are you?
Novi
: Who are you?
Dicky
: It’s me Dicky,,yr classmate.
Novi
: Oww..I see..
(It’s refers to greeting someone – opening phatic)
The utterance Nice day isn’t it? and Hi,,how are you above are the
examples of phatic expression. These utterances do not have meaning as
question but just to make chummy some people to start conversation. It is
usually used for the first time in making conversation in chatting.
4
The language is complicated to understand for common people. So,
the writer tries to analyze the phatic expression by conducting a research
entitled A PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF PHATIC EXPRESSIONS ON
MIG33 INTERNET CHATTING APPLICATON.
B. Previous Study
Some previous studies related to this research are, firstly,
Mulyaningtyas’s research paper entitled A Study on the Colloquial Language
Used in Internet Chatting (UMS, 2007). She analyzed the form of colloquial
language based on theory of English words abbreviation. She clarified the
process of illuminating sound and spelling based on the theory of English
phonetic, and then she tried to describe the meaning of colloquial language by
using contextual meaning in theory of semantics.
Secondly, Nurhayati’s research paper entitled A Pragmatics Analysis
of Phatic Expression in Sense and Sensibility Novel (UMS, 2010). The
research results showed that in describing the linguistics form, the intention
of the speaker and the politeness strategies of phatic expression in sense and
sensibility novel. The research’s object was phatic expression in sense and
sensibility novel eventhough the source of data is Austen’s novel.
Based on the previous research, the writer is interested in an analysis
of phatic expression in Mig33 internet application. The writer analyzes the
forms of phatic expression on mig33 Internet chatting application, and the
contextual meanings of phatic expression on mig33 Internet chatting
application.
5
This study is different from that of Mulyaningtyas’ that is she tries to
analyze the form of colloquial language of English words abbreviation in
internet chatting based on semantics theory, but this study analyzes the forms
of phatic expression on mig33 Internet chatting application based on
pragmatics theory. While the Nurhayati’s research described the linguistics
form and the politeness strategies of phatic expression in sense and sensibility
novel, this research identifying the form and functions of phatic expression on
mig33 internet chatting application.
The similarities between this research and the first research are in, i.e.
analyzing the form, contextual meaning, and the object of research about
internet chatting. Meanwhile, with the second research are they have the same
objectives, i.e. analyzed about use and functions of phatic expression.
C. Problem Statement
Based on the background above the writer formulates the problems, as
follows.
1. What are the forms of phatic expression on mig33 Internet chatting
application?
2. What are the contextual meanings of phatic expression on mig33
Internet chatting application?
D. Objective of the Study
The writer has some objectives dealing with the problem statements
above, they are:
6
1. Identifying the form of phatic expression on mig33 Internet chatting
application.
2. Describing the contextual meaning of phatic expression on mig33
Internet chatting application.
E. Limitation of the Study
To get deep understanding towards this study, the writer limit this
study on the use word and sentence of phatic expression on internet chatting
application based on theory of linguistics form. The writer emphasizes on the
form and meaning of phatic expression in internet chatting application.
F. Benefit of the Study
The writer hopes that this research will be beneficial for the writer and
the reader generally. The benefits of the study are:
1. Theoritical Benefit
a. Teacher/s
The writer hopes this result of the study can be useful for
additional information that can be applied by the teacher/s in
teaching pragmatic and translation. The writer hopes the teacher/s
can be modeling as one of using of phatic expression.
b. Student/s
The writer hopes this result can be used as the references and
knowledge in pragmatics especially incompliment utterances and
translating study from English utterances into Indonesian
7
utterances or inversely. The writer hopes that student/s can applied
well phatic expression in the social life.
2. Practical Benefit
The writer hopes that this research finding can be the used as a
reference for the next researchers who take this field in their research
relates to the research on pragmatics.
G. Research Organization.
The writer divided the research into five chapters as follows:
Chapter I is Introduction. This chapter deals with the Background of
the Study, Previous Study, Problem Statement, Objective of the Study,
Limitation of The Study, Benefits of the Study and Paper Organization.
Chapter II is Underlying Theory. This chapter deals with Notion of
Pragmatics, Principle of Pragmatics, Speech Act, Classification of Speech
Act, Definition of Phatic utterance, Phatic Utterance in Conversation, the
Abbreviation in English, Linguistics Form, and the Dimension of Meaning
Chapter III deals with the Research Method, which consists of Type of
Research, Object of the Research, Data and Data Source, Techniques of
Collecting Data, and Techniques of Analyzing Data.
Chapter IV deals with Research Finding and Discussion, which
consists of data and how the data are describes.
Chapter
V
deals
with
Conclusion
and
Suggestion.
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study
Communication is one form of language use where people make
utterances to each other. Humans do communication in many ways, one of
which is Internet Chatting. Lately, chatting in Internet is one of the most
popular activities as a form of communication, especially this is done by
young people. Nowadays, the use of Internet chatting really makes people
easier to communicate with others without considering the gap of time,
distance, class and gender.
“Chatting is a communication that is done directly” (Crumlish, 1997:
208). Chatting is like a talk in telephone by using telegraph machine. The
chatters can imagine a room, which is full of people from around the world
by talking to each other with everybody in the room. The chatters are able to
talks with other and join in anywhere of their talks at any time. Chatting can
be great fun, but it is basically an anonymous encounter. A risk of being
deceived is high, if someone is entering public chat areas where the other
users aren’t known. So the people must be careful to get in touch with the
other chatters.
In internet chatting there are two main types of Internet chat
programs. The first type is called Internet Relay Chatter or commonly is
called IRC. This type is directly on server on Internet. It is a text based chat
1
2
(no picture) and in real time. All messages immediately come on the screen
when entered. In IRC server, there is no restriction to the number of people
that can participate in a given discussion or the number of channels that can
be formed on IRC. Some examples of channels in IRC server are MIRC, The
Palace, World Chat, Microsoft’s Come Strip, Private Chat program, etc. The
second type of chat is the web based chat room (World Wide Web or
WWW). These are graphical where the chatters can choose images to
represent themselves and offer elaborate virtual environment. It is not in real
time; messages will come up on the screen if it is pressed in the refresh or
reload button. In this case, the chatters can know person who is chatting with
him/her. In this type the advantage is that chatters can send messages (like
sms) to each others when they will leave chat areas or turn off the Internet
programs. Some examples of web address server are Mig33, Yahoo
Messenger
(YM),
Mxit,
Facebook,
Friendster,
Twitter,
etc
(http://www1.brothersoft.com/mobile/phone/samsung/samsung_gt_s3653_cor
by/communication/ download/2.html).
Lately, most chatters choose the web based chat room applications
like Mig33, Yahoo Messenger (YM) or Facebook. These applications have
multifunction of used that beside multi users in the area of chat room, the
chatters can send the messages or pictures to each others. Chatting application
in this era is Mig33. This works very well even though cell phone is very
slow. We can also chat in Facebook and Yahoo Messenger easily and quickly
(http://garfit.blogspot.com/). The users of Mig33 itself are more than two
3
hundreds and fifteenth million users, starting from elementary school to
professional
employers
who
will
apply
it.
According
to
Unicorn999.hexat.com at 14th March 2010 that:
Mig33 is a mobile instant messaging application developed in
Australia that runs on GPRS/3G mobile phones with java
support. It has an unbuilt mobile VoIP service and a range of
communication tools including chat, SMS, and instant
messaging. Mig33 also provides facilities to login to Yahoo,
MSN, AIM, and Google. Talk messaging networks from your
cellphone and chat with your Yahoo, MSN, AIM,and Google
Talk contacts.
To starting conversation, especially every human always do
greeting or something else of relaxation to make unstuffy situation or to break
a silent. In this case, people to make unstuffy situation or to break a silent do
phatic expression. Below is an example of phatic expression communication
in Mig33 Internet application:
Dinda
: Nice day again, isn't it?
Shamy
: That’s right..
Dinda
: Wht’s yr cellphone numb??
Shamy
: My numb 085640262700..
Dicky
: Hi,,how are you?
Novi
: Who are you?
Dicky
: It’s me Dicky,,yr classmate.
Novi
: Oww..I see..
(It’s refers to greeting someone – opening phatic)
The utterance Nice day isn’t it? and Hi,,how are you above are the
examples of phatic expression. These utterances do not have meaning as
question but just to make chummy some people to start conversation. It is
usually used for the first time in making conversation in chatting.
4
The language is complicated to understand for common people. So,
the writer tries to analyze the phatic expression by conducting a research
entitled A PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF PHATIC EXPRESSIONS ON
MIG33 INTERNET CHATTING APPLICATON.
B. Previous Study
Some previous studies related to this research are, firstly,
Mulyaningtyas’s research paper entitled A Study on the Colloquial Language
Used in Internet Chatting (UMS, 2007). She analyzed the form of colloquial
language based on theory of English words abbreviation. She clarified the
process of illuminating sound and spelling based on the theory of English
phonetic, and then she tried to describe the meaning of colloquial language by
using contextual meaning in theory of semantics.
Secondly, Nurhayati’s research paper entitled A Pragmatics Analysis
of Phatic Expression in Sense and Sensibility Novel (UMS, 2010). The
research results showed that in describing the linguistics form, the intention
of the speaker and the politeness strategies of phatic expression in sense and
sensibility novel. The research’s object was phatic expression in sense and
sensibility novel eventhough the source of data is Austen’s novel.
Based on the previous research, the writer is interested in an analysis
of phatic expression in Mig33 internet application. The writer analyzes the
forms of phatic expression on mig33 Internet chatting application, and the
contextual meanings of phatic expression on mig33 Internet chatting
application.
5
This study is different from that of Mulyaningtyas’ that is she tries to
analyze the form of colloquial language of English words abbreviation in
internet chatting based on semantics theory, but this study analyzes the forms
of phatic expression on mig33 Internet chatting application based on
pragmatics theory. While the Nurhayati’s research described the linguistics
form and the politeness strategies of phatic expression in sense and sensibility
novel, this research identifying the form and functions of phatic expression on
mig33 internet chatting application.
The similarities between this research and the first research are in, i.e.
analyzing the form, contextual meaning, and the object of research about
internet chatting. Meanwhile, with the second research are they have the same
objectives, i.e. analyzed about use and functions of phatic expression.
C. Problem Statement
Based on the background above the writer formulates the problems, as
follows.
1. What are the forms of phatic expression on mig33 Internet chatting
application?
2. What are the contextual meanings of phatic expression on mig33
Internet chatting application?
D. Objective of the Study
The writer has some objectives dealing with the problem statements
above, they are:
6
1. Identifying the form of phatic expression on mig33 Internet chatting
application.
2. Describing the contextual meaning of phatic expression on mig33
Internet chatting application.
E. Limitation of the Study
To get deep understanding towards this study, the writer limit this
study on the use word and sentence of phatic expression on internet chatting
application based on theory of linguistics form. The writer emphasizes on the
form and meaning of phatic expression in internet chatting application.
F. Benefit of the Study
The writer hopes that this research will be beneficial for the writer and
the reader generally. The benefits of the study are:
1. Theoritical Benefit
a. Teacher/s
The writer hopes this result of the study can be useful for
additional information that can be applied by the teacher/s in
teaching pragmatic and translation. The writer hopes the teacher/s
can be modeling as one of using of phatic expression.
b. Student/s
The writer hopes this result can be used as the references and
knowledge in pragmatics especially incompliment utterances and
translating study from English utterances into Indonesian
7
utterances or inversely. The writer hopes that student/s can applied
well phatic expression in the social life.
2. Practical Benefit
The writer hopes that this research finding can be the used as a
reference for the next researchers who take this field in their research
relates to the research on pragmatics.
G. Research Organization.
The writer divided the research into five chapters as follows:
Chapter I is Introduction. This chapter deals with the Background of
the Study, Previous Study, Problem Statement, Objective of the Study,
Limitation of The Study, Benefits of the Study and Paper Organization.
Chapter II is Underlying Theory. This chapter deals with Notion of
Pragmatics, Principle of Pragmatics, Speech Act, Classification of Speech
Act, Definition of Phatic utterance, Phatic Utterance in Conversation, the
Abbreviation in English, Linguistics Form, and the Dimension of Meaning
Chapter III deals with the Research Method, which consists of Type of
Research, Object of the Research, Data and Data Source, Techniques of
Collecting Data, and Techniques of Analyzing Data.
Chapter IV deals with Research Finding and Discussion, which
consists of data and how the data are describes.
Chapter
V
deals
with
Conclusion
and
Suggestion.