INTRODUCTION Pragmatic Analysis On The Language Expression Used In Super-T T-Shirt.

1 A. Background of the Study

Language is a communication tool in the form of a symbol system sounds generated tool people said. As the writer knows, language consists of words or set of words. Each one has a meaning, that is the relationship between the word as an abstract symbol with the object or concept represented by that set of words or vocabulary, in addition to a system of individual psychological development in a context of inter-subjective or a form of thinking that can be understood, in touch with reality, and has a shape and a logical structure and the most prominent distinguishing feature as the language of any social group as a whole felt different from other groups.

Moreover the language also has funtions as follows: 1. For practical purposes, to make contact in daily life.

2. For artistic purposes, human process and use language as beautiful-beautiful to the human aesthetic sense gratification.

3. As a key study knowledge-knowledge of the other, beyond the linguistic knowledge.

4. To study old manuscripts in order to investigate the background of human history, during.

5. Culture and customs, as well as the development of the language itself (philological purposes).

Understanding the language needs a context, and the context finds in various places such as contained in the writing on the shirt. And to understand the context and language are needed the pragmatic science.

Green (1996:1-2) explains that, “Pragmatics is the shapes of number areas within and correlated of cognitive science: not only linguistics, cognitive psychology, culture, culture anthropology, and philosophy (logic, Semantics, action theory, but also sociology (interpersonal dynamics and social convention) and cleverness more to its region.”.

Morris (1960) states that “pragmatics is a dicipline that studies the use of sign, which can be defined specifically as a way people use sign language and how sign language is interpreted”

Austin (1962:5) states that speech act is expression of the language that can be used to performs actions through connotative and performative utterances.

In this era many ways to express a post, ranging from writing, text color and more importantly, the meaning of the text. Expressing an article can also be done in a variety of one object or expression can be written on a t-shirt. Here is an example of writing contained in a t-shirt that contains pragmatics.

From the example in T-SHIRT above, it can be analyzed the locution from that T-SHIRT is “WALK WITH DEFINITE STEPS” and illocution from sentence in T-SHIRT above is “WALK WITH DEFINITE STEPS”from that sentence the original writer describes the illocution, that has meaning or utterance that sentence above shows to user and reader that in reaching success in this life we must pass through a procces and have good planning or a ripe planning and all of it must be done chronogically or must be done one by one.

So from the research sentence in SUPER-T T-SHIRT above, the result is the sentence is persuasive utterance.

From the example in T-SHIRT above, it can be analyzed on the locution from that T-SHIRT is “THIS IS WHAT A REAL SUPER WOMAN

LOOKS LIKE!” and illocution from sentence in T-SHIRT above is “THIS IS

WHAT A REAL SUPER WOMAN LOOKS LIKE!”from that sentence the

original writer describes the illocution, that has meaning or utterance that sentence above shows to user and reader there is a brave woman and never depend on somebody else. And she is also able to solve her problem in real life.

So from the research sentence in SUPER-T T-SHIRT above, the result is the sentence is representative utterence.

In the T- SHIRT there are many kinds of example of sentence, but here the research do this research to verifty the theory or previous study and to find new phenomena that may appear in newest linguistics words especially it is about finding example of many t- shirt. According to phenomena above, the researcher takes this research entitles AN ANALYSIS OF PRAGMATICS ON SENTENCE IN SUPER T T-SHIRT.

B. Previous Study

Fisrt research of pragmatics was done by Herdini (Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, 2012) A Socio-Pragmatics Analysis On Promising Utterances In Some Movie Manuscripts: This research paper has three problem statements. There are (1) the syntactic form of promising utterances, (2) the intention of promising utterances and (3)the reason of promising utterances. The aims of this research paper are to describe syntactic form, to identify the type of the sentence, to examine the intentions of utterances and to explain the reasons of utterances. The writer employs the descriptive qualitative as the type of the research. The object of the research is promising utternces in How To Train Your Dragon, Kung Fu Panda, I Am Sam, The Next Three Days, Vanilla Sky. The data source of this research is How To Train Your Dragon, Kung Fu Panda, I Am Sam, The Next Three Days, Vanilla Sky, and Swordfish movie manuscripts. The method of collecting the data is observation. The analysis of the type of the sentences is by using Frank’s theory. The analysis of the intentions is by using socio-pragmatics and specch act: locution, illocution and the perlocution act. The results of the research paper are: (1) there are three kinds of type of sentence. They are 81,8% of declarative sentences, 13,6% of imperative sentence and 4,5% of interrogative sentence. (2) there are five intentions of the speakers. They are 13,6% of intention to command, 4,5% of intentions to request, 22,8% of intention to assure, 50% of intention to affirm and 13,6 of intention to describe. (3) there are eight reasons of the speakers. They are 22,8% of

showing responsibility, 18,2% of showing angry, 13,6 of showing relationship, 4,5% of showing affection,22,8% of showing hope, 4,5% of showing teasing, 4,5% of showing misunderstanding and 9,2% of showing attention.

Second research of pragmatics was done by Dewi (Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, 2012) A Pragmatic Analysis of Directive Speech Acts in Alice in Wonderland Movie Script.This research concerns with directive speech acts in Alice in Wonderland Movie Script (2010). The goals of this research are to identify the language form, to describe the politeness pattern and to describe the implicature of directive speech acts in Alice in Wonderland Movie Script (2010). The researcher uses the descriptive qualitative as a type of the research. The data source of this research is the script of Alice in Wonderland (2010). The methods of collecting data are observation and documentation. The steps are watching, reading, selecting and collecting, and coding the data. The techniques of analyzing data are identifying the form by referring to language form, describing the politeness pattern based on the politeness theory in the field of pragmatic and describing the implicature based on pragmatic theory. This study shows the variety of the language form, the politeness pattern and the implicature of directive speech act in Alice in Wonderland Movie Script (2010). The variants of language forms are: Word (16,9%), Phrase (1,2%), Declarative sentence (16,9%), Interrogative sentence (4,8%), and Imperative sentence (60,2%). The politeness pattern: Bald on-record (77,1%), Positive politeness (2,4 %),

negative politeness (3,6%), and off-record (16,9%). Theimlicature: conventional implicature (83,1%), and conversational implicature (16,9%).

From the previous research above, the writer can find similarities and differences, they are the last two previous studies concern on analyzing utterance on movie scrip while this research focuses on analyzing the sentence on T-SHIRT. The writer also finds similarities that are all of the research using pragmatics method on analyzing the data.

C. Problem Statement

Based on the background, the researcher emphasizes this research on two problem statements, as the following:

1. What are the language form used in SUPER-T T-SHIRT?

2. What are the locution and illocution of the language form used in SUPER-T SUPER-T-SHIRSUPER-T?

D. Objective of the Study

Based on the research problems, the research has following objectives: 1. To describe the language form used in SUPER-T T-SHIRT.

2. What are the locution and illocution of the language form used in SUPER-T SUPER-T-SHIRSUPER-T?

E. Benefit of the Study

In conducting this research, the writer hopes this study will have benefit as follows.

1. Theoritical Benefit a. For Student

The writer hopes that results will help the students more understand locution and illocution and language form used in T-SHIRT.

b. For Teacher

The result of this study is hoped to encourage the teacher in teaching pragmatics, especially about utterance and locution and illocution act used in T-SHIRT.

2. Practical Benefit a. For Reader

The study is hoped to increase knowledge of reader about T-SHIRT in analysis pragmatics in T-T-SHIRT. The study is hoped to increase read proclivity to reader about analysis of pragmatics in T-SHIRT.

F. Research Paper Organization

The organization of this research is arranged in order the reader is able to understand. This research paper organization is divided into five chapters they are: Chapter I is Introduction, presenting many kinds of sentence examples found in the t-shirt. In this research, the writer finds phenomena that

appear in newest linguistics words especially found in many t- shirts. Then it discusses about previous study. Besides, it also discusses two previous studies that different with this the previous research, they are the last two previous studies concern on analyzing utterance on movie scrip while this research focuses onanalyzing the sentence on T-SHIRT. The writer also finds similarities that all of the researches use pragmatics method on analyzing the data.

Then Chapter II is underlaying theory, in this section the writer discusses notion of pragmatics. Pragmatics is a language science that can be used for comunication tools one to another to reach a common understanding. Besides, it discusses the kinds of pragmatics, they presupposition, implicature, deixis, entailments, and speech act. Afterwards it discusses explanation abouth speech acts theory, Speech acts can also discribe to get intention the meaning intended by the speaker.

Then Chapter III is type of the research. The researcher uses descriptive qualitative method as type of the research. The object of the research is language form and locution used in SUPER-T T-SHIRT. The data in this research are pharases, clauses and sentences used in SUPER-T T-SHIRT. The data source in this research is language expression used in SUPER-T T-SHIRT. In collecting the data the writer collect sentences on SUPER-T T-SHIRT, Rewrites all sentences found on the SUPER-T T-SHIRT. Then Chapter IV is research finding and discussion.In the part, this researcher describes language form used in SUPER-T T-SHIRT and locution

and illocution used in SUPER-T T-SHIRT from utterance of sentence used in SUPER-T T-SHIRT. From the research above, it the research finding is language form and Lucotions and Illocutions Act from Sentence and Purpose of Illucotionary Act from Sentence in SUPER-T T-SHIRT.

Chapter V is conclusion and suggestion. It is the last subsresult of this research paper. In this case the writer hopes to the readers and the users that this research can be understood well by them.

B. Previous Study

Fisrt research of pragmatics was done by Herdini (Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, 2012) A Socio-Pragmatics Analysis On Promising Utterances In Some Movie Manuscripts: This research paper has three problem statements. There are (1) the syntactic form of promising utterances, (2) the intention of promising utterances and (3)the reason of promising utterances. The aims of this research paper are to describe syntactic form, to identify the type of the sentence, to examine the intentions of utterances and to explain the reasons of utterances. The writer employs the descriptive qualitative as the type of the research. The object of the research is promising utternces in How To Train Your Dragon, Kung Fu Panda, I Am Sam, The Next Three Days, Vanilla Sky. The data source of this research is How To Train Your Dragon, Kung Fu Panda, I Am Sam, The Next Three Days, Vanilla Sky, and Swordfish movie manuscripts. The method of collecting the data is observation. The analysis of the type of the sentences is by using Frank’s theory. The analysis of the intentions is by using socio-pragmatics and specch act: locution, illocution and the perlocution act. The results of the research paper are: (1) there are three kinds of type of sentence. They are 81,8% of declarative sentences, 13,6% of imperative sentence and 4,5% of interrogative sentence. (2) there are five intentions of the speakers. They are 13,6% of intention to command, 4,5% of intentions to request, 22,8% of intention to assure, 50% of intention to affirm and 13,6 of intention to describe. (3) there are eight reasons of the speakers. They are 22,8% of

showing responsibility, 18,2% of showing angry, 13,6 of showing relationship, 4,5% of showing affection,22,8% of showing hope, 4,5% of showing teasing, 4,5% of showing misunderstanding and 9,2% of showing attention.

Second research of pragmatics was done by Dewi (Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, 2012) A Pragmatic Analysis of Directive Speech Acts in Alice in Wonderland Movie Script.This research concerns with directive speech acts in Alice in Wonderland Movie Script (2010). The goals of this research are to identify the language form, to describe the politeness pattern and to describe the implicature of directive speech acts in Alice in Wonderland Movie Script (2010). The researcher uses the descriptive qualitative as a type of the research. The data source of this research is the script of Alice in Wonderland (2010). The methods of collecting data are observation and documentation. The steps are watching, reading, selecting and collecting, and coding the data. The techniques of analyzing data are identifying the form by referring to language form, describing the politeness pattern based on the politeness theory in the field of pragmatic and describing the implicature based on pragmatic theory. This study shows the variety of the language form, the politeness pattern and the implicature of directive speech act in Alice in Wonderland Movie Script (2010). The variants of language forms are: Word (16,9%), Phrase (1,2%), Declarative sentence (16,9%), Interrogative sentence (4,8%), and Imperative sentence (60,2%). The politeness pattern: Bald on-record (77,1%), Positive politeness (2,4 %),

negative politeness (3,6%), and off-record (16,9%). Theimlicature: conventional implicature (83,1%), and conversational implicature (16,9%).

From the previous research above, the writer can find similarities and differences, they are the last two previous studies concern on analyzing utterance on movie scrip while this research focuses on analyzing the sentence on T-SHIRT. The writer also finds similarities that are all of the research using pragmatics method on analyzing the data.

C. Problem Statement

Based on the background, the researcher emphasizes this research on two problem statements, as the following:

1. What are the language form used in SUPER-T T-SHIRT?

2. What are the locution and illocution of the language form used in SUPER-T SUPER-T-SHIRSUPER-T?

D. Objective of the Study

Based on the research problems, the research has following objectives: 1. To describe the language form used in SUPER-T T-SHIRT.

2. What are the locution and illocution of the language form used in SUPER-T SUPER-T-SHIRSUPER-T?

E. Benefit of the Study

In conducting this research, the writer hopes this study will have benefit as follows.

1. Theoritical Benefit a. For Student

The writer hopes that results will help the students more understand locution and illocution and language form used in T-SHIRT.

b. For Teacher

The result of this study is hoped to encourage the teacher in teaching pragmatics, especially about utterance and locution and illocution act used in T-SHIRT.

2. Practical Benefit a. For Reader

The study is hoped to increase knowledge of reader about T-SHIRT in analysis pragmatics in T-T-SHIRT. The study is hoped to increase read proclivity to reader about analysis of pragmatics in T-SHIRT.

F. Research Paper Organization

The organization of this research is arranged in order the reader is able to understand. This research paper organization is divided into five chapters they are: Chapter I is Introduction, presenting many kinds of sentence examples found in the t-shirt. In this research, the writer finds phenomena that

appear in newest linguistics words especially found in many t- shirts. Then it discusses about previous study. Besides, it also discusses two previous studies that different with this the previous research, they are the last two previous studies concern on analyzing utterance on movie scrip while this research focuses onanalyzing the sentence on T-SHIRT. The writer also finds similarities that all of the researches use pragmatics method on analyzing the data.

Then Chapter II is underlaying theory, in this section the writer discusses notion of pragmatics. Pragmatics is a language science that can be used for comunication tools one to another to reach a common understanding. Besides, it discusses the kinds of pragmatics, they presupposition, implicature, deixis, entailments, and speech act. Afterwards it discusses explanation abouth speech acts theory, Speech acts can also discribe to get intention the meaning intended by the speaker.

Then Chapter III is type of the research. The researcher uses descriptive qualitative method as type of the research. The object of the research is language form and locution used in SUPER-T T-SHIRT. The data in this research are pharases, clauses and sentences used in SUPER-T T-SHIRT. The data source in this research is language expression used in SUPER-T T-SHIRT. In collecting the data the writer collect sentences on SUPER-T T-SHIRT, Rewrites all sentences found on the SUPER-T T-SHIRT. Then Chapter IV is research finding and discussion.In the part, this researcher describes language form used in SUPER-T T-SHIRT and locution

and illocution used in SUPER-T T-SHIRT from utterance of sentence used in SUPER-T T-SHIRT. From the research above, it the research finding is language form and Lucotions and Illocutions Act from Sentence and Purpose of Illucotionary Act from Sentence in SUPER-T T-SHIRT.

Chapter V is conclusion and suggestion. It is the last subsresult of this research paper. In this case the writer hopes to the readers and the users that this research can be understood well by them.