t pkkh 0808872 table of contents
DAFTAR ISI
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN .........................................................................
i
ABSTRAK ....................................................................................................
ii
KATA PENGANTAR ..................................................................................
iii
DAFTAR ISI .................................................................................................
vii
DAFTAR TABEL ........................................................................................
x
DAFTAR GAMBAR ....................................................................................
xi
DAFTAR GRAFIK ......................................................................................
xii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ................................................................................
xiii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang Penelitian .........................................................................
1
B. Fokus dan Pertanyaan Penelitian ...............................................................
7
C. Tujuan Penelitian .......................................................................................
8
D. Definisi Konsep .........................................................................................
8
E. Kegunaan Penelitian ..................................................................................
10
F. Metode Penelitian ......................................................................................
11
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA
A. Pendidikan Inklusif ...................................................................................
1.
Pengertian Pendidikan Inklusif ..........................................................
vii
14
14
2.
Dasar Pendidikan Inklusif ..................................................................
16
a. Dasar Filosofis................................................................................
16
b. Dasar Yuridis .................................................................................
18
c. Dasar Pedagogis ............................................................................
22
d. Dasar Empiris ................................................................................
22
3. Konsep Utama Pendidikan Inklusif ...................................................
23
4. Faktor-faktor Dalam Pendidikan Inklusif ..........................................
25
B. Indeks Inklusi ............................................................................................
28
1. Dimensi Budaya Inklusi .....................................................................
36
2. Dimensi Kebijakan Inklusi .................................................................
38
3. Dimensi Praktik Inklusi .....................................................................
41
C. Pendidikan Inklusif di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin ..................................
43
1. Gambaran Umum di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin .............................
43
2. Pendidikan di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin ........................................
44
3. Implementasi Pendidikan Inklusif di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin ....
45
D. Penelitian yang Relevan ............................................................................
57
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN
A. Metode Penelitian ......................................................................................
60
B. Lokasi dan Informan Penelitian ................................................................
61
C. Prosedur Penelitian ....................................................................................
63
D. Teknik Pengumpulan Data Penelitian .......................................................
66
E. Pengolahan dan Analisis Data Penelitian ..................................................
69
viii
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
A. Hasil Penelitian .........................................................................................
78
1.
Indeks Budaya Inklusi ........................................................................
78
2.
Indeks Kebijakan Inklusi ....................................................................
91
3.
Indeks Praktik Inklusi .........................................................................
102
B. Pembahasan ...............................................................................................
117
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
A. Kesimpulan ...............................................................................................
144
B. Saran ..........................................................................................................
152
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ...................................................................................
156
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN ..........................................................................
159
BIODATA PENULIS ...................................................................................
172
ix
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1. Dimensi dan Bagian Indeks Inklusi ............................................
35
Tabel 2.2. Jumlah Sekolah di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin Tahun 2010 .....
44
Tabel 2.3. Jumlah Siswa Sekolah di Kabupaten Musis Banyuasin Tahun
2010 .............................................................................................
45
Tabel 2.4. Jumlah Peserta Program Pengembangan SDM Implementasi
Pendidikan Inklusi Tahun2007 ...................................................
50
Tabel 2.5. Jumlah Siswa di sekolah Inklusi .................................................
53
Tabel 2.6. Keadaan
Personalia
Sekolah
Pada
Tahun
Pelajaran
2009/2010.....................................................................................
54
Tabel 2.7. Rasio Guru dan Siswa di Sekolah Inklusi ...................................
55
Tabel 2.8. Fasilitas Sekolah yang Tersedia Pada Tahun Pelajaran
2009/2010 ....................................................................................
57
Tabel 3.1. Keterangan Skor ..........................................................................
71
Tabel 3.2. Jumlah Indikator .........................................................................
75
Tabel 3.3. Kriteria Interpretasi .....................................................................
77
Tabel 4.1. Skor Budaya Inklusi ....................................................................
89
Tabel 4.2. Skor Kebijakan Inklusi ................................................................ 100
Tabel 4.3. Skor Praktik Inklusi ....................................................................
114
Tabel 4.4. Prosentase Budaya, Kebijakan, dan Praktik Inklui di SD Negeri
Musi Banyuasin ........................................................................... 117
x
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1.
Tiga Dimensi Indeks Inklusi .................................................
Gambar 2.2.
Struktur Organisasi Implementasi Pendidikan Inklusi
34
Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin ...................................................
51
Gambar 3.1.
Triangulation Mixed Methods Designs .................................
61
Gambar 4.1.
Menuju ruang kelas SDN DS yang sudah aksesibel .............
94
Gambar 4.2.
Pintu Gerbang SDN SL yang Sudah aksesibel ......................
95
Gambar 4.3.
Pintu Gerbang SDN BS yang Sebagian Kurang Aksesibel ...
95
xi
DAFTAR GRAFIK
Grafik 2.1. Jumlah Siswa di Sekolah Inklusi ...............................................
53
Grafik 2.2. Rasio Guru dan Siswa di Sekolah Inklusi ..................................
55
Grafik 4.1. Skor Tiap-tiap Indikator Budaya Inklusi ...................................
90
Grafik 4.2. Skor Tiap-tiap Indikator Kebijakan Inklusi ...............................
101
Grafik 4.3. Skor Tiap-tiap Indikator Praktik Inklusi ....................................
116
Grafik 4.4. Indeks Budaya, Indeks Kebijakan, dan Indeks Praktik Inklusi
SD
Negeri
Kabupaten
Musi
Banyuasin
Tahun
2010
..................................................................................................... 118
Grafik 4.5. Indeks Inklusi SD Negeri Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin Tahun
2010 ............................................................................................ 119
xii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1
Panduan Wawancara Budaya Inklusi ....................................
159
Lampiran 2
Panduan Wawancara Kebijakan Inklusi ................................
160
Lampiran 3
Panduan Wawancara Praktik Inklusi .....................................
161
Lampiran 4
Panduan Observasi Budaya Inklusi .......................................
163
Lampiran 5
Panduan Observasi Kebijakan Inklusi ...................................
164
Lampiran 6
Panduan Observasi Praktik Inklusi ........................................
165
Lampiran 7
Surat Pengangkatan Pembimbing Penulisan Tesis ................
166
Lampiran 8
Surat Ijin Penelitian ...............................................................
168
Lampiran 9
Surat Keterangan Melaksanakan Penelitian ..........................
169
Lampiran 10
Biodata Penulis ......................................................................
172
xiii
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN .........................................................................
i
ABSTRAK ....................................................................................................
ii
KATA PENGANTAR ..................................................................................
iii
DAFTAR ISI .................................................................................................
vii
DAFTAR TABEL ........................................................................................
x
DAFTAR GAMBAR ....................................................................................
xi
DAFTAR GRAFIK ......................................................................................
xii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ................................................................................
xiii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang Penelitian .........................................................................
1
B. Fokus dan Pertanyaan Penelitian ...............................................................
7
C. Tujuan Penelitian .......................................................................................
8
D. Definisi Konsep .........................................................................................
8
E. Kegunaan Penelitian ..................................................................................
10
F. Metode Penelitian ......................................................................................
11
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA
A. Pendidikan Inklusif ...................................................................................
1.
Pengertian Pendidikan Inklusif ..........................................................
vii
14
14
2.
Dasar Pendidikan Inklusif ..................................................................
16
a. Dasar Filosofis................................................................................
16
b. Dasar Yuridis .................................................................................
18
c. Dasar Pedagogis ............................................................................
22
d. Dasar Empiris ................................................................................
22
3. Konsep Utama Pendidikan Inklusif ...................................................
23
4. Faktor-faktor Dalam Pendidikan Inklusif ..........................................
25
B. Indeks Inklusi ............................................................................................
28
1. Dimensi Budaya Inklusi .....................................................................
36
2. Dimensi Kebijakan Inklusi .................................................................
38
3. Dimensi Praktik Inklusi .....................................................................
41
C. Pendidikan Inklusif di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin ..................................
43
1. Gambaran Umum di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin .............................
43
2. Pendidikan di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin ........................................
44
3. Implementasi Pendidikan Inklusif di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin ....
45
D. Penelitian yang Relevan ............................................................................
57
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN
A. Metode Penelitian ......................................................................................
60
B. Lokasi dan Informan Penelitian ................................................................
61
C. Prosedur Penelitian ....................................................................................
63
D. Teknik Pengumpulan Data Penelitian .......................................................
66
E. Pengolahan dan Analisis Data Penelitian ..................................................
69
viii
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
A. Hasil Penelitian .........................................................................................
78
1.
Indeks Budaya Inklusi ........................................................................
78
2.
Indeks Kebijakan Inklusi ....................................................................
91
3.
Indeks Praktik Inklusi .........................................................................
102
B. Pembahasan ...............................................................................................
117
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
A. Kesimpulan ...............................................................................................
144
B. Saran ..........................................................................................................
152
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ...................................................................................
156
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN ..........................................................................
159
BIODATA PENULIS ...................................................................................
172
ix
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1. Dimensi dan Bagian Indeks Inklusi ............................................
35
Tabel 2.2. Jumlah Sekolah di Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin Tahun 2010 .....
44
Tabel 2.3. Jumlah Siswa Sekolah di Kabupaten Musis Banyuasin Tahun
2010 .............................................................................................
45
Tabel 2.4. Jumlah Peserta Program Pengembangan SDM Implementasi
Pendidikan Inklusi Tahun2007 ...................................................
50
Tabel 2.5. Jumlah Siswa di sekolah Inklusi .................................................
53
Tabel 2.6. Keadaan
Personalia
Sekolah
Pada
Tahun
Pelajaran
2009/2010.....................................................................................
54
Tabel 2.7. Rasio Guru dan Siswa di Sekolah Inklusi ...................................
55
Tabel 2.8. Fasilitas Sekolah yang Tersedia Pada Tahun Pelajaran
2009/2010 ....................................................................................
57
Tabel 3.1. Keterangan Skor ..........................................................................
71
Tabel 3.2. Jumlah Indikator .........................................................................
75
Tabel 3.3. Kriteria Interpretasi .....................................................................
77
Tabel 4.1. Skor Budaya Inklusi ....................................................................
89
Tabel 4.2. Skor Kebijakan Inklusi ................................................................ 100
Tabel 4.3. Skor Praktik Inklusi ....................................................................
114
Tabel 4.4. Prosentase Budaya, Kebijakan, dan Praktik Inklui di SD Negeri
Musi Banyuasin ........................................................................... 117
x
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1.
Tiga Dimensi Indeks Inklusi .................................................
Gambar 2.2.
Struktur Organisasi Implementasi Pendidikan Inklusi
34
Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin ...................................................
51
Gambar 3.1.
Triangulation Mixed Methods Designs .................................
61
Gambar 4.1.
Menuju ruang kelas SDN DS yang sudah aksesibel .............
94
Gambar 4.2.
Pintu Gerbang SDN SL yang Sudah aksesibel ......................
95
Gambar 4.3.
Pintu Gerbang SDN BS yang Sebagian Kurang Aksesibel ...
95
xi
DAFTAR GRAFIK
Grafik 2.1. Jumlah Siswa di Sekolah Inklusi ...............................................
53
Grafik 2.2. Rasio Guru dan Siswa di Sekolah Inklusi ..................................
55
Grafik 4.1. Skor Tiap-tiap Indikator Budaya Inklusi ...................................
90
Grafik 4.2. Skor Tiap-tiap Indikator Kebijakan Inklusi ...............................
101
Grafik 4.3. Skor Tiap-tiap Indikator Praktik Inklusi ....................................
116
Grafik 4.4. Indeks Budaya, Indeks Kebijakan, dan Indeks Praktik Inklusi
SD
Negeri
Kabupaten
Musi
Banyuasin
Tahun
2010
..................................................................................................... 118
Grafik 4.5. Indeks Inklusi SD Negeri Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin Tahun
2010 ............................................................................................ 119
xii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1
Panduan Wawancara Budaya Inklusi ....................................
159
Lampiran 2
Panduan Wawancara Kebijakan Inklusi ................................
160
Lampiran 3
Panduan Wawancara Praktik Inklusi .....................................
161
Lampiran 4
Panduan Observasi Budaya Inklusi .......................................
163
Lampiran 5
Panduan Observasi Kebijakan Inklusi ...................................
164
Lampiran 6
Panduan Observasi Praktik Inklusi ........................................
165
Lampiran 7
Surat Pengangkatan Pembimbing Penulisan Tesis ................
166
Lampiran 8
Surat Ijin Penelitian ...............................................................
168
Lampiran 9
Surat Keterangan Melaksanakan Penelitian ..........................
169
Lampiran 10
Biodata Penulis ......................................................................
172
xiii