Pengaruh Penambahan Trace Metal (Ni,Co) Terhadap Pembuatan Biogas dari Sampah Organik dan Kotoran Sapi

ABSTRAK
Penelitian tentang pembuatan biogas dari sampah organik dan kotoran
sapi terhadap pengaruh penambahan trace metal (nikel, cobalt) telah
selesai dilakukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui
pengaruh penambahan trace metal (nikel, cobalt) terhadap kinerja
digester anaerobik dalam perolehan biogas. Penelitian ini dilakukan
dengan mencampurkan sampah organik dan kotoran sapi yang diblender
menggunakan air dengan perbandingan 1:1:2 (w:w:v) dan dioperasikan
di dalam digester berukuran 5L dengan volume isian sebesar 4L secara
batch selama 30 hari dengan kondisi pH dijaga konstan 6,5-7,5 pada
suhu ruangan 25-30 oC. Variasi yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini yaitu
penambahan nikel sebanyak 0,245 mg/L, penambahan cobalt sebanyak
0,245 mg/L dan kombinasi nikel dan cobalt masing-masing 0,25 mg/L.
Adapun parameter yang diamati setiap hari yaitu volume biogas dan
suhu, parameter yang dianalisa sekali dalam dua hari yaitu chemical
oxygen demand, total suspended solid, volatile suspended solid dan pH.
Pada penelitian yang dilakukan diperoleh volume biogas terbesar dengan
penambahan cobalt sebesar 85 ml/hari, % reduksi COD sebesar 46,48% ,
% reduksi TSS sebesar 88,78% dan VSS sebesar 16.540 mg/L.
Kata kunci: biogas, cobalt, kotoran sapi, nikel, sampah organik

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Universitas Sumatera Utara

ABSTRACT
The research on biogas production from organic waste and manure to the
effect of trace metal (nickel, cobalt) has been done. The objective of this
study was to discover the effect of trace metals nickel, cobalt on the
performance of biogas anaerobic digester in the acquisition of the raw
material organic waste and cow dung. Organic waste and cow dung were
blended using water at a ratio of 1:1:2 (w:w:v) and operated in the
digester sized 5L with stuffing volume of 4L as batch for 30 days with
conditions held constant of pH 6.5-7, 5. This research was conducted
with a variety of trace addition of nickel metal as much as 0.245 mg/L,
the addition of trace metal cobalt as much as 0.245 mg/L and the
combination of nickel and cobalt respectively 0.25 mg/L. As for some of
the parameters was observed every day, such as biogas volume and
temperature, the parameters are analyzed every 2 days of fermentation
such as chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS),
volatile suspended solids (VSS) and pH. In the study conducted acquired
the largest biogas volumes per day with the addition of trace metal cobalt

amount of 85 ml, percentage of COD removal by 46,48%, TSS remove
percentage obtained was 88,78% and volatile suspended solid as much as
16.540 mg/L.
Keywords: biogas, cobalt, cow dung, nickel, organic waste

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Universitas Sumatera Utara