PVC Presentation.
POLYVINYL CHL
ORIDE
(PVC)
GROUP MEMBERS:
1. AHMAD AZIZAN BIN MADJAIS
2. NUR ALIA BINTI MUHAJIR
3. SITI SURAYA BINTI NGADIMAN
(2)
(3)
• Also known as “Vinyl” with chemical formula of C2H3Cl • Odourless and a solid plastics
• White in colour (commonly)
(4)
WHAT IS THE U
SE OF PVC???
(5)
THE
USE OF
PVC
Piping
(Construction)
Blood Bag
(Medical devices)
Shoe Rack (Furniture)
Credit Cards
Toys Door & Window Frames
(6)
WHAT IS THE E
MISSIONS FROM
PVC???
(7)
EMIS-SIONS
Hydrochloric Acid:
- Most corrosive of
non-ox-idising acid.
- Produce poisonous gas
including chlorine in a fire.
Ethylene Dichloride:
- Highly flammable.
- Toxic and may cause cancer
(known carcinogen).
Dioxin:
- Highly toxic and can cause
re-productive developmental prob-lems.
- Damage the immune system,
interfere with hormones and also can cause cancer.
Chloroethene:
- Highly flammable.
- When heated, it break
down to give toxic fumes.
Ethylene:
- Very reactive and
flammable.
- Involve in reactions that
produce ground level ozone, which can dam-age crops and materials .
(8)
DEVICE CONTRO
L OF PVC
(9)
THE REASONS FOR THE CHOSEN DEVICES
1) WET SCRUBBER:
• Ability to collect gases as well as particulates
• Capital cost low (if wastewater treatment system not required) and high maintenance c
ost
• Ability to achieve high collection efficiencies on fine particulates (90% for particles 5-50
micrometer)
• The price of wet scrubber (RM 4,075,000.00) which is more cheaper than dry scrubber
(RM16,605,625.00)
• With routine maintenance and care, a wet scrubber can be used repeatedly over a num
(10)
THE REASONS FOR THE CHOSEN DEVICES
2) FABRIC FILTERS BAGHOUSE:
• The fabric filter is efficient at removing fine particles
• Can exceed efficiencies of 99% for particles<0.5 micron in most applications, so no nee
d to worry about the emission
• The price is RM 142,625.00
• Stay running longer, they don’t need to be replaced as often • The maintenance cost is low
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3) FOR ADSORBENT: ACTIVATED CARBON
• The efficiencies of activated carbon are 99%
• Can be used to purify: air; drinking water; wastewater; food and beverages; an
d pharmaceuticals.
• Has among the highest amount of surface area per unit volume of any adsorbe
nt, so it is suitable for gaseous pollutant control.
• Activated carbon has no shelf life-It will keep its pore structure and its adsorpt
ion characteristics until the activated carbon are put in contact with compoun ds that can be adsorbed
(12)
SCRUBBER WITH BA
G FILTER AND INJEC
TION OF ACTIVATED
CARBON
(13)
WORKING PRINCIP
LE
• Contaminated gas and scrubbing liquid
will enter the scrubber and in contact wi th one another.
• Scrubbing liquid will capture the unwan
ted particles.
• The treated air will enter the fabric filter baghouse and drawn through the filter medium.
• Dioxin, furan and unwanted particles will accumulate on the medium and form a layer it will
fall into a collection compartment.
• Activated carbon can be injected before entering the fabric filter baghouse or settled as a
(14)
ACTIVATED CARBON INJECTION: The activated carbon is injected before entering baghouse. A c
arbon layer will be formed and trapped on the filter medium.
ACTIVATED CARBON BED: The contaminated gas will be treated by passing them through a mov
ing activated carbon bed.
• Activated carbon: As a sorbent
where it is able to trap other particles due to its high micro porosity property. They will con-vert particles from gas phase to solid phase.
• 2 ways to use activated
car-
bon:-ACTIVATED
CARBON
(15)
THE SUMMARY OF THE EQUIPMENT
Device Life span Maintenance cost
Ef-ciency
Wet
scrubber
With routine maintenance and care, a wet scrubber can be used repeatedly over a
number of years before it must be re-placed. High maintenance cost 90% Fabric fil-ter baghouse
Stay running longer, they don’t need to be replaced as often
Low maintenance costs
(16)
(1)
3) FOR ADSORBENT: ACTIVATED CARBON
• The efficiencies of activated carbon are 99%• Can be used to purify: air; drinking water; wastewater; food and beverages; an
d pharmaceuticals.
• Has among the highest amount of surface area per unit volume of any adsorbe
nt, so it is suitable for gaseous pollutant control.
• Activated carbon has no shelf life-It will keep its pore structure and its adsorpt
ion characteristics until the activated carbon are put in contact with compoun ds that can be adsorbed
(2)
SCRUBBER WITH BA
G FILTER AND INJEC
TION OF ACTIVATED
CARBON
(3)
WORKING PRINCIP
LE
• Contaminated gas and scrubbing liquid
will enter the scrubber and in contact wi th one another.
• Scrubbing liquid will capture the unwan
ted particles.
• The treated air will enter the fabric filter baghouse and drawn through the filter medium.
• Dioxin, furan and unwanted particles will accumulate on the medium and form a layer it will fall into a collection compartment.
• Activated carbon can be injected before entering the fabric filter baghouse or settled as a bed, either as a moving bed or fixed bed.
(4)
ACTIVATED CARBON INJECTION: The activated carbon is injected before entering baghouse. A c
arbon layer will be formed and trapped on the filter medium.
ACTIVATED CARBON BED: The contaminated gas will be treated by passing them through a mov
ing activated carbon bed.
• Activated carbon: As a sorbent where it is able to trap other particles due to its high micro porosity property. They will con-vert particles from gas phase to solid phase.
• 2 ways to use activated
car-
bon:-ACTIVATED
CARBON
(5)
THE SUMMARY OF THE EQUIPMENT
Device Life span Maintenance cost
Ef-ciency
Wet
scrubber
With routine maintenance and care, a wet scrubber can be used repeatedly over a
number of years before it must be re-placed. High maintenance cost 90% Fabric fil-ter baghouse
Stay running longer, they don’t need to be replaced as often
Low maintenance costs
(6)