INCREASING STUDENTSâ VOCABULARY MASTERY IN READING THROUGH SHORT STORY (A Classroom Action Research at the Eighth Grade Students of MTs Negeri 2 Mataram in the Academic Year of 2012/2013).
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INCREASING STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY MASTERY IN READING
THROUGH SHORT STORY
(A Classroom Action Research at the Eighth Grade Students of MTs Negeri 2
Mataram in the Academic Year of 2012/2013)
THESIS
AGUNG GURITNO
S891108004
Submitted to Fulfill One of the Requirements for the Completion of the
Graduate Degree in English Education
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
GRADUATE SCHOOL
SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY
SURAKARTA
2013
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APPROVAL
INCREASING STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY MASTERY IN READING
THROUGH SHORT STORY
(A Classroom Action Research at the Eighth Grade Students of MTs Negeri 2
Mataram in the Academic Year of 2012/2013)
THESIS
By
AGUNG GURITNO
NIM. S891108004
This thesis has been approved by the Supervisors of English Language Education
Department of Graduate School of Sebelas Maret University
Supervisor I
Supervisor II
Prof. Dr. Joko Nurkamto, M.Pd
NIP. 19610124 198702 1 001
Dra. Diah Kristina, M.A, Ph.D
NIP. 19590505 198601 2001
Approved by
The Head of English Education of Graduate School
Dr. Abdul Asib, M.Pd
NIP. 19520307 198003 1005
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LEGITIMATION
INCREASING STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY MASTERY IN READING
THROUGH SHORT STORY
(A Classroom Action Research at the Eighth Grade Students of MTs Negeri 2
Mataram in the Academic Year of 2012/2013)
By
AGUNG GURITNO
S891108004
This thesis has been examined by the Board of Thesis Examiners of English
Education Department of Graduate School of Sebelas Maret University on June
27th, 2013
The Board of Examiners
Signature
Chairman : Dr. Abdul Asib, M.Pd
NIP. 19520307 198003 1 005
(……………………………)
Secretary : Dra. Dewi Rochsantiningsih, M.Ed, Ph.D
NIP. 19600918 198702 2 001
(……………………………)
Member 1 : Prof. Dr. Joko Nurkamto, M.Pd
NIP. 19610124 198702 1 001
(……………………………)
Member 2 : Dra. Diah Kristina, M.A, Ph.D
NIP. 19590505 198601 2001
(……………………………)
The Director of Graduate School of
Sebelas Maret University,
The Head of English Education
Department of Graduate School of
Sebelas Maret University,
Dr. Abdul Asib, M.Pd
Prof. Dr. Ir. Ahmad Yunus, MS
NIP. 19520307 198003 1 005
NIP. 19610717 198601 1 001
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PRONOUNCEMENT
This is to certify that I myself write the thesis entitled “INCREASING
STUDENTS‟ VOCABULARY MASTERY IN READING THROUGH SHORT
STORY” (A Classroom Action Research at the Eighth Grade Students of MTs
Negeri 2 Mataram in the Academic Year of 2012/2013).
It is not a plagiarism or made by others. Anything related to other‟s work
is written in quotation, the source of which is listed on the bibliography. If then,
this pronouncement proves wrong, I am ready to accept any academic
punishment, including withdrawal or canceling of any academic degree.
Surakarta, June 2013
Agung Guritno
commit to user
iv
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
ABSTRACT
Agung Guritno. S891108004. 2013. Increasing Students’ Vocabulary Mastery In
Reading Through Short Story. (A Classroom Action Research at The Eighth
Grade Students of MTs Negeri 2 Mataram in the Academic Year of 2012/2013).
Thesis. First Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Joko Nurkamto, M.Pd. Second Supervisor: Dra.
Diah Kristina, M.A, Ph.D. English Education Department. Graduate School of
Sebelas Maret University Surakarta.
This research aims at describing: (1) whether and to what extent short
stories are able to increase the students‟ vocabulary mastery in reading, (2) the
most significant improvement in terms of the use of vocabularies drawn from
short stories, (3) the strengths and weaknesses of implementing short stories in
increasing the student‟s vocabulary mastery in reading. The students have limited
vocabulary that causes another difficulty such as in spelling and pronouncing the
words; determine the meaning of the words and using the words into the sentence
form.
The research was conducted in MTs Negeri 2 Mataram. The subject of the
research was the eighth grade students of class VIII C. That consisted of 38
students; 16 males and 22 females. Classroom Action Research was conducted in
three cycles and each cycle consisted of four meetings. Each cycle implemented
four steps; planning, acting, observing and reflecting. There were two kinds of
data in this research, qualitative and quantitative. The qualitative data were
collected through observations, interviews, questioners and diary. The quantitative
data were collected through the students‟ score in pre-test and post-tests. The
qualitative data were analyzed using Constant Comparative Method (CCM) while
the quantitative data were analyzed using Descriptive Statistics (DS).
The research findings show that: 1) short stories can increase the students‟
vocabulary mastery in reading. The domain of vocabulary mastery itself covers
four indicators; spelling, pronunciation, meaning and words in use, 2) the most
significant improvement among the indicators used is in the meaning aspect, 3)
the strengths of the implementation of the short stories were; a) the students‟
ability to spell, to pronounce, to determine the meaning of the words and construct
the sentence using the words was increased, b) short stories could enrich students‟
knowledge and understanding about Indonesia culture, c) short stories provide
enjoyment for the students in learning English, d) the students‟ motivation,
interest, concentration and self awareness became higher when they were taught
English by using short stories. While the weakness of implementing the short
stories were the time constraint.
Therefore, the use of short stories is very promising especially for the
teachers who need an alternative material to increase their students‟ vocabulary
mastery in reading.
Keywords: vocabulary mastery, reading, short story, classroom action research.
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MOTTO
Without grammar very little can be conveyed; without vocabulary nothing
can be conveyed.
(D.A. Wilkins)
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DEDICATION
This thesis is dedicated to:
My mother Asiyah Diana and my father Achsanuddin.
My brothers Galih Dwi Prasojo and Triono Sambodo.
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vii
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The greatest gratitude is to Allah SWT for facilitating me everything to
accomplish this thesis. I would like to give my grateful to Prof. Dr. Joko
Nurkamto, M.Pd., the first supervisor, and to Dra. Diah Kristina, M.A, Ph.D., the
second supervisor, for their great guidance, great support, great advice, until
completing this thesis. Dr. Abdul Asib, M.Pd., the Head of English Education
Department, Graduate School of Sebelas Maret University for having approved
this thesis.
Prof. Dr. Ir. Ahmad Yunus, MS., The Director of Graduate School,
Sebelas Maret University, for the permission to conduct the research. I would like
to thank you to Drs. H. Kaspunnuri, the principal of MTs Negeri 2 Mataram, for
the great kindness to allow me to conduct the research at his school. Shafwan
Wirabhakti S.Pd, the English teacher in MTs Negeri 2 Mataram and to all of the
eighth grade students especially the member of the class VIII C of MTs Negeri 2
Mataram for having great time with me.
I believe that this thesis still needs improvements to make it perfect.
Therefore, I would like to accept any suggestion and criticism for this thesis with
heart wide open. Hopefully, this thesis will be useful for all.
Surakarta, June 2013
AG
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER ............................................................................................................. i
APPROVAL PAGE ......................................................................................... ii
LEGITIMATION PAGE ................................................................................ iii
PRONOUNCEMENT ...................................................................................... iv
ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................... v
MOTTO ............................................................................................................ vi
DEDICATION PAGE...................................................................................... vii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................... viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................. ix
LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................... xii
LIST OF FIGURES ......................................................................................... xiii
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ......................................................................... xiv
LIST OF APPENDICES ................................................................................. xv
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study........................................................................ 1
B. Research Questions ................................................................................ 7
C. Objectives of the Study .......................................................................... 7
D. Significance of the study ........................................................................ 7
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW
A. The Nature of Reading ........................................................................... 9
1. The Definition of Reading ............................................................... 9
2. The Goals of Reading....................................................................... 9
3. The Types of Reading ...................................................................... 10
4. Micro and Macro Skill in Reading ................................................... 11
B. The Nature of Vocabulary Mastery........................................................ 12
1. The Definition of Vocabulary Mastery ............................................ 12
2. The Aspects of Vocabulary .............................................................. 14
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3. The Types of Vocabulary ................................................................. 16
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4. Difficulties in Vocabulary ................................................................ 17
5. How to Teach Vocabulary ............................................................... 18
6. Purpose of Teaching Vocabulary .....................................................19
C. The Nature of Short Story ...................................................................... 20
1. The Definition of Short Story .......................................................... 20
2. Steps in Teaching Short Story .......................................................... 20
3. Teaching Vocabulary Through Short Story ..................................... 21
4. Advantages of Using Short Story..................................................... 22
5. Disadvantages of Using Short Story................................................ 24
D. The Nature of Grammar Translation Method (GTM) ............................ 24
1. The Definition of GTM .................................................................... 24
2. The Characteristic of GTM .............................................................. 25
3. Techniques in GTM ......................................................................... 26
E. Teaching Short Stories Using GTM In The English Class .................... 28
F. Review of Relevant Studies ................................................................... 29
G. The Rationale ......................................................................................... 32
H. The Action Hypothesis ........................................................................... 33
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Context of The Research
1. Location of The Research ................................................................ 34
2. Schedule of The Research ................................................................ 34
3. Subject of The Research................................................................... 35
4. Profile of the Class ........................................................................... 35
B. Method of The Research ........................................................................ 36
C. Research Design ..................................................................................... 39
D. Research Procedures .............................................................................. 40
E. Techniques of Collecting Data ............................................................... 43
F. Techniques of Analyzing Data ............................................................... 45
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CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION
A. Introduction ............................................................................................ 49
B. Research Implementation ....................................................................... 51
C. Research Finding .................................................................................... 104
D. Discussion .............................................................................................. 110
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION, SUGGESTION AND IMPLICATION
A. Conclusion ............................................................................................. 117
B. Implication ............................................................................................. 119
C. Suggestion .............................................................................................. 119
BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................ 122
APPENDICES .................................................................................................. 126
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 1.1 The Average and Mean Score of Pre-test .......................................... 3
Table 3.1 The Schedule of the Research ............................................................ 34
Table 3.2 The Scoring Rubric for Pronunciation ............................................... 47
Table 3.3 The Scoring Rubric for Constructing the sentence ............................ 47
Table 4.1 The Comparison of Students‟ Lowest and Highest Score
Between Pre-test and Post-test 1 in Each Indicator............................ 71
Table 4.2 The Comparison of Students‟ Average and Mean Score
Between Pre-test and Post-test 1 in Each Indicator............................ 71
Table 4.3 The Comparison of Students‟ Lowest and Highest Score
Among Pre-test, Post-test 1 and Pos-test 2 in Each
Indicator ............................................................................................. 87
Table 4.4 The Comparison of Students‟ Average and Mean Score
Among Pre-test, Post-test 1 and Post-test 2 in Each
Indicator ............................................................................................. 87
Table 4.5 The Comparison of Students‟ Lowest and Highest Score
Among Pre-test, Post-test 1, Post-test 2 and Post-test 3 in
Each Indicator .................................................................................... 103
Table 4.6 The Comparison of Students‟ Average and Mean Score
Among Pre-test, Post-test 1, Post-test 2 and Post-test 3 in
Each Indicator .................................................................................... 103
Table 4.7 The Percentage of the Improvement of the Mean Score .................... 105
Table 4.8 The Summary of the Research Questions and the Findings .............. 107
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 3.1 The Model of Action Research ......................................................... 39
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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
CAR : Classroom Action Research
KKM : Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimum
MTs : Madrasah Tsanawiyah
DS
: Descriptive Statistics
CCM : Constant Comparative Method
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LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix 1 The Schedule of the Research ....................................................... 126
Appendix 2 Research Permit
From Sebelas Maret University ..................................................... 127
From MTs Negeri 2 Mataram ........................................................ 128
Appendix 3 Lesson Plan
Lesson Plan for Cycle 1 ................................................................. 129
Lesson Plan for Cycle 2 ................................................................. 144
Lesson Plan for Cycle 3 ................................................................. 153
Appendix 4 Blue Print
Blue Print of Pre-test ...................................................................... 163
Blue Print of Post-test 1 ................................................................. 166
Blue Print of Post-test 2 ................................................................. 169
Blue Print of Post-test 3 ................................................................. 172
Appendix 5 The Students‟ Score
Score of Pre-test ............................................................................. 175
Score of Post-test 1 ........................................................................ 176
Score of Post-test 2 ........................................................................ 177
Score of Post-test 3 ........................................................................ 178
Appendix 6 Qualitative Instruments
Sample of Diary ............................................................................. 179
Interview to the Teacher ................................................................ 185
Interview to the Students................................................................ 187
Questionnaires before the Implementation .................................... 189
Questionnaires after the Implementation ....................................... 190
Sample of Observation Form for Collaborative Teacher ............... 193
List Activities ................................................................................. 195
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INCREASING STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY MASTERY IN READING
THROUGH SHORT STORY
(A Classroom Action Research at the Eighth Grade Students of MTs Negeri 2
Mataram in the Academic Year of 2012/2013)
THESIS
AGUNG GURITNO
S891108004
Submitted to Fulfill One of the Requirements for the Completion of the
Graduate Degree in English Education
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
GRADUATE SCHOOL
SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY
SURAKARTA
2013
commit to user
i
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
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APPROVAL
INCREASING STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY MASTERY IN READING
THROUGH SHORT STORY
(A Classroom Action Research at the Eighth Grade Students of MTs Negeri 2
Mataram in the Academic Year of 2012/2013)
THESIS
By
AGUNG GURITNO
NIM. S891108004
This thesis has been approved by the Supervisors of English Language Education
Department of Graduate School of Sebelas Maret University
Supervisor I
Supervisor II
Prof. Dr. Joko Nurkamto, M.Pd
NIP. 19610124 198702 1 001
Dra. Diah Kristina, M.A, Ph.D
NIP. 19590505 198601 2001
Approved by
The Head of English Education of Graduate School
Dr. Abdul Asib, M.Pd
NIP. 19520307 198003 1005
commit to user
ii
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LEGITIMATION
INCREASING STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY MASTERY IN READING
THROUGH SHORT STORY
(A Classroom Action Research at the Eighth Grade Students of MTs Negeri 2
Mataram in the Academic Year of 2012/2013)
By
AGUNG GURITNO
S891108004
This thesis has been examined by the Board of Thesis Examiners of English
Education Department of Graduate School of Sebelas Maret University on June
27th, 2013
The Board of Examiners
Signature
Chairman : Dr. Abdul Asib, M.Pd
NIP. 19520307 198003 1 005
(……………………………)
Secretary : Dra. Dewi Rochsantiningsih, M.Ed, Ph.D
NIP. 19600918 198702 2 001
(……………………………)
Member 1 : Prof. Dr. Joko Nurkamto, M.Pd
NIP. 19610124 198702 1 001
(……………………………)
Member 2 : Dra. Diah Kristina, M.A, Ph.D
NIP. 19590505 198601 2001
(……………………………)
The Director of Graduate School of
Sebelas Maret University,
The Head of English Education
Department of Graduate School of
Sebelas Maret University,
Dr. Abdul Asib, M.Pd
Prof. Dr. Ir. Ahmad Yunus, MS
NIP. 19520307 198003 1 005
NIP. 19610717 198601 1 001
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PRONOUNCEMENT
This is to certify that I myself write the thesis entitled “INCREASING
STUDENTS‟ VOCABULARY MASTERY IN READING THROUGH SHORT
STORY” (A Classroom Action Research at the Eighth Grade Students of MTs
Negeri 2 Mataram in the Academic Year of 2012/2013).
It is not a plagiarism or made by others. Anything related to other‟s work
is written in quotation, the source of which is listed on the bibliography. If then,
this pronouncement proves wrong, I am ready to accept any academic
punishment, including withdrawal or canceling of any academic degree.
Surakarta, June 2013
Agung Guritno
commit to user
iv
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
ABSTRACT
Agung Guritno. S891108004. 2013. Increasing Students’ Vocabulary Mastery In
Reading Through Short Story. (A Classroom Action Research at The Eighth
Grade Students of MTs Negeri 2 Mataram in the Academic Year of 2012/2013).
Thesis. First Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Joko Nurkamto, M.Pd. Second Supervisor: Dra.
Diah Kristina, M.A, Ph.D. English Education Department. Graduate School of
Sebelas Maret University Surakarta.
This research aims at describing: (1) whether and to what extent short
stories are able to increase the students‟ vocabulary mastery in reading, (2) the
most significant improvement in terms of the use of vocabularies drawn from
short stories, (3) the strengths and weaknesses of implementing short stories in
increasing the student‟s vocabulary mastery in reading. The students have limited
vocabulary that causes another difficulty such as in spelling and pronouncing the
words; determine the meaning of the words and using the words into the sentence
form.
The research was conducted in MTs Negeri 2 Mataram. The subject of the
research was the eighth grade students of class VIII C. That consisted of 38
students; 16 males and 22 females. Classroom Action Research was conducted in
three cycles and each cycle consisted of four meetings. Each cycle implemented
four steps; planning, acting, observing and reflecting. There were two kinds of
data in this research, qualitative and quantitative. The qualitative data were
collected through observations, interviews, questioners and diary. The quantitative
data were collected through the students‟ score in pre-test and post-tests. The
qualitative data were analyzed using Constant Comparative Method (CCM) while
the quantitative data were analyzed using Descriptive Statistics (DS).
The research findings show that: 1) short stories can increase the students‟
vocabulary mastery in reading. The domain of vocabulary mastery itself covers
four indicators; spelling, pronunciation, meaning and words in use, 2) the most
significant improvement among the indicators used is in the meaning aspect, 3)
the strengths of the implementation of the short stories were; a) the students‟
ability to spell, to pronounce, to determine the meaning of the words and construct
the sentence using the words was increased, b) short stories could enrich students‟
knowledge and understanding about Indonesia culture, c) short stories provide
enjoyment for the students in learning English, d) the students‟ motivation,
interest, concentration and self awareness became higher when they were taught
English by using short stories. While the weakness of implementing the short
stories were the time constraint.
Therefore, the use of short stories is very promising especially for the
teachers who need an alternative material to increase their students‟ vocabulary
mastery in reading.
Keywords: vocabulary mastery, reading, short story, classroom action research.
commit to user
v
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MOTTO
Without grammar very little can be conveyed; without vocabulary nothing
can be conveyed.
(D.A. Wilkins)
commit to user
vi
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
DEDICATION
This thesis is dedicated to:
My mother Asiyah Diana and my father Achsanuddin.
My brothers Galih Dwi Prasojo and Triono Sambodo.
commit to user
vii
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The greatest gratitude is to Allah SWT for facilitating me everything to
accomplish this thesis. I would like to give my grateful to Prof. Dr. Joko
Nurkamto, M.Pd., the first supervisor, and to Dra. Diah Kristina, M.A, Ph.D., the
second supervisor, for their great guidance, great support, great advice, until
completing this thesis. Dr. Abdul Asib, M.Pd., the Head of English Education
Department, Graduate School of Sebelas Maret University for having approved
this thesis.
Prof. Dr. Ir. Ahmad Yunus, MS., The Director of Graduate School,
Sebelas Maret University, for the permission to conduct the research. I would like
to thank you to Drs. H. Kaspunnuri, the principal of MTs Negeri 2 Mataram, for
the great kindness to allow me to conduct the research at his school. Shafwan
Wirabhakti S.Pd, the English teacher in MTs Negeri 2 Mataram and to all of the
eighth grade students especially the member of the class VIII C of MTs Negeri 2
Mataram for having great time with me.
I believe that this thesis still needs improvements to make it perfect.
Therefore, I would like to accept any suggestion and criticism for this thesis with
heart wide open. Hopefully, this thesis will be useful for all.
Surakarta, June 2013
AG
commit to user
viii
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER ............................................................................................................. i
APPROVAL PAGE ......................................................................................... ii
LEGITIMATION PAGE ................................................................................ iii
PRONOUNCEMENT ...................................................................................... iv
ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................... v
MOTTO ............................................................................................................ vi
DEDICATION PAGE...................................................................................... vii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................... viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................. ix
LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................... xii
LIST OF FIGURES ......................................................................................... xiii
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ......................................................................... xiv
LIST OF APPENDICES ................................................................................. xv
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study........................................................................ 1
B. Research Questions ................................................................................ 7
C. Objectives of the Study .......................................................................... 7
D. Significance of the study ........................................................................ 7
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW
A. The Nature of Reading ........................................................................... 9
1. The Definition of Reading ............................................................... 9
2. The Goals of Reading....................................................................... 9
3. The Types of Reading ...................................................................... 10
4. Micro and Macro Skill in Reading ................................................... 11
B. The Nature of Vocabulary Mastery........................................................ 12
1. The Definition of Vocabulary Mastery ............................................ 12
2. The Aspects of Vocabulary .............................................................. 14
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3. The Types of Vocabulary ................................................................. 16
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4. Difficulties in Vocabulary ................................................................ 17
5. How to Teach Vocabulary ............................................................... 18
6. Purpose of Teaching Vocabulary .....................................................19
C. The Nature of Short Story ...................................................................... 20
1. The Definition of Short Story .......................................................... 20
2. Steps in Teaching Short Story .......................................................... 20
3. Teaching Vocabulary Through Short Story ..................................... 21
4. Advantages of Using Short Story..................................................... 22
5. Disadvantages of Using Short Story................................................ 24
D. The Nature of Grammar Translation Method (GTM) ............................ 24
1. The Definition of GTM .................................................................... 24
2. The Characteristic of GTM .............................................................. 25
3. Techniques in GTM ......................................................................... 26
E. Teaching Short Stories Using GTM In The English Class .................... 28
F. Review of Relevant Studies ................................................................... 29
G. The Rationale ......................................................................................... 32
H. The Action Hypothesis ........................................................................... 33
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Context of The Research
1. Location of The Research ................................................................ 34
2. Schedule of The Research ................................................................ 34
3. Subject of The Research................................................................... 35
4. Profile of the Class ........................................................................... 35
B. Method of The Research ........................................................................ 36
C. Research Design ..................................................................................... 39
D. Research Procedures .............................................................................. 40
E. Techniques of Collecting Data ............................................................... 43
F. Techniques of Analyzing Data ............................................................... 45
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CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION
A. Introduction ............................................................................................ 49
B. Research Implementation ....................................................................... 51
C. Research Finding .................................................................................... 104
D. Discussion .............................................................................................. 110
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION, SUGGESTION AND IMPLICATION
A. Conclusion ............................................................................................. 117
B. Implication ............................................................................................. 119
C. Suggestion .............................................................................................. 119
BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................ 122
APPENDICES .................................................................................................. 126
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 1.1 The Average and Mean Score of Pre-test .......................................... 3
Table 3.1 The Schedule of the Research ............................................................ 34
Table 3.2 The Scoring Rubric for Pronunciation ............................................... 47
Table 3.3 The Scoring Rubric for Constructing the sentence ............................ 47
Table 4.1 The Comparison of Students‟ Lowest and Highest Score
Between Pre-test and Post-test 1 in Each Indicator............................ 71
Table 4.2 The Comparison of Students‟ Average and Mean Score
Between Pre-test and Post-test 1 in Each Indicator............................ 71
Table 4.3 The Comparison of Students‟ Lowest and Highest Score
Among Pre-test, Post-test 1 and Pos-test 2 in Each
Indicator ............................................................................................. 87
Table 4.4 The Comparison of Students‟ Average and Mean Score
Among Pre-test, Post-test 1 and Post-test 2 in Each
Indicator ............................................................................................. 87
Table 4.5 The Comparison of Students‟ Lowest and Highest Score
Among Pre-test, Post-test 1, Post-test 2 and Post-test 3 in
Each Indicator .................................................................................... 103
Table 4.6 The Comparison of Students‟ Average and Mean Score
Among Pre-test, Post-test 1, Post-test 2 and Post-test 3 in
Each Indicator .................................................................................... 103
Table 4.7 The Percentage of the Improvement of the Mean Score .................... 105
Table 4.8 The Summary of the Research Questions and the Findings .............. 107
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 3.1 The Model of Action Research ......................................................... 39
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digilib.uns.ac.id
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
CAR : Classroom Action Research
KKM : Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimum
MTs : Madrasah Tsanawiyah
DS
: Descriptive Statistics
CCM : Constant Comparative Method
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LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix 1 The Schedule of the Research ....................................................... 126
Appendix 2 Research Permit
From Sebelas Maret University ..................................................... 127
From MTs Negeri 2 Mataram ........................................................ 128
Appendix 3 Lesson Plan
Lesson Plan for Cycle 1 ................................................................. 129
Lesson Plan for Cycle 2 ................................................................. 144
Lesson Plan for Cycle 3 ................................................................. 153
Appendix 4 Blue Print
Blue Print of Pre-test ...................................................................... 163
Blue Print of Post-test 1 ................................................................. 166
Blue Print of Post-test 2 ................................................................. 169
Blue Print of Post-test 3 ................................................................. 172
Appendix 5 The Students‟ Score
Score of Pre-test ............................................................................. 175
Score of Post-test 1 ........................................................................ 176
Score of Post-test 2 ........................................................................ 177
Score of Post-test 3 ........................................................................ 178
Appendix 6 Qualitative Instruments
Sample of Diary ............................................................................. 179
Interview to the Teacher ................................................................ 185
Interview to the Students................................................................ 187
Questionnaires before the Implementation .................................... 189
Questionnaires after the Implementation ....................................... 190
Sample of Observation Form for Collaborative Teacher ............... 193
List Activities ................................................................................. 195
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