PENGARUH KREATIVITAS DALAM PEMECAHAN MASALAH TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA POKOK BAHASAN BANGUN DATAR SISWA KELAS VII SMP ISLAM GANDUSARI KAB. TRENGGALEK - Institutional Repository of IAIN Tulungagung
DAFTAR ISI
Halaman Sampul Luar ..............................................................................................i
Halaman Sampul Dalam ......................................................................................... ii
Halaman Persetujuan ............................................................................................. iii
Halaman Pengesahan ..............................................................................................iv
Moto ....... .................................................................................................................v
Persembahan ...........................................................................................................vi
Kata Pengantar ..................................................................................................... viii
Daftar Isi .. ...............................................................................................................x
Daftar Tabel ......................................................................................................... xiii
Daftar Gambar .................................................................................................... xvii
Daftar Lampiran ................................................................................................. xviii
Abstrak .... .............................................................................................................xix
BAB I
BAB II
: PENDAHULUAN .................................................................................1
A.
Latar Belakang.............................................................................1
B.
Rumusan Masalah .....................................................................11
C.
Tujuan Penelitian .......................................................................12
D.
Kegunaan Penelitian ..................................................................13
E.
Ruang Lingkup dan Keterbatasan Penelitian............................. 14
F.
Definisi Operasional ..................................................................14
G.
Sistematika Pembahasan Skripsi ...............................................16
: LANDASAN TEORI ..........................................................................18
A.
Kerangka Teori ..........................................................................18
1. Kreativitas ............................................................................. 18
2. Pemecahan Masalah .............................................................. 35
3. Hasil Belajar ......................................................................... 43
4. Hakikat Matematika .............................................................. 49
5. Bangun Datar ........................................................................ 51
x
xi
B. Kajian Penelitian Terdahulu.......................................................... 58
C. Kerangka Berfikir Penelitian......................................................... 61
D. Hipotesis Tindakan........................................................................ 62
BAB III : METODE PENELITIAN ................................................................... 63
A. Pendekatan Dan Jenis Penelitian .................................................. 63
B. Populasi, Sampling, dan Sampel Penelitian ..................................64
1. Populasi ................................................................................ 64
2. Sampling ..............................................................................64
3. Sampel Penelitian ................................................................ 65
C. Sumber Data, Variabel, dan Skala Pengukurannya ..................... 65
1. Sumber Data .........................................................................65
2. Variabel ................................................................................65
3. Skala Pengukuran .................................................................66
D. Teknik Pengumpulan Data dan Instrumen Penelitian ...................67
1. Teknik Pengumpulan Data ...................................................67
2. Instrumen Penelitian ............................................................69
E. Teknik Analisis Data .....................................................................72
F. Tahap-Tahap Penelitian.................................................................75
BAB IV : HASIL PENELITIAN........................................................................77
A. Hasil Penelitian ...........................................................................77
1. Deskripsi Data.......................................................................77
2. Analisis Kreativitas Siswa dalam Pemecahan Masalah.........77
3. Skor Kreativitas Siswa Dalam Memecahkan Masalah ........86
4. Nilai Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa..................................89
5. Pengujian Validitas dan Reliabilitas Instrumen....................91
6. Pengujian Hipotesis...............................................................95
B. Pembahasan................................................................................119
1. Pengaruh Kefasihan dalam Memecahkan Masalah Terhadap
Hasil belajar Siswa Kelas VII Materi Bangun Datar..........119
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2. Pengaruh Keluwesan (Fleksibilitas) dalam Memecahkan
Masalah Terhadap Hasil belajar Siswa Kelas VII Materi
Bangun Datar......................................................................120
3. Pengaruh Kebaruan dalam Memecahkan Masalah Terhadap
Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas VII Materi Bangun Datar .........121
4. Kreativitas dalam Memecahkan Masalah Terhadap Hasil
belajar Siswa Kelas VII Materi Bangun Datar....................122
BAB V
: PENUTUP.........................................................................................126
A. Kesimpulan ...............................................................................126
B. Saran...........................................................................................127
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ..........................................................................................130
xiii
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel
Halaman
2.1 Penjenjangan Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif ................................................. 29
2.2 Perbedaan dan Persamaan Penelitian Terdahulu ........................................... 60
3.1 Kriteria Penilaian Kreativitas Siswa ............................................................. 72
3.2 Kriteria Penilaian Tes Hasil Belajar .............................................................. 73
4.1 Rubrik Penilaian Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa.................................. 87
4.2 Nilai Tes Kreativitas Siswa dalam Memecahkan Masalah Materi Segitiga dan
Segiempat dengan Sampel Kelas VII C........................................................ 88
4.3 Penjenjangan Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif ................................................ 89
4.4 Data Nilai Hasil Belajar Matematik Siswa KelasVII C Materi Segitiga dan
Segiempat ..................................................................................................... 89
4.5 Kriteria Penilaian Tes Hasil Belajar .............................................................. 90
4.6 Nilai Data Uji Coba Instrumen Penelitian .................................................... 91
4.7 Output Validasi Instrumen ............................................................................ 93
4.8 Rangkuman Uji Validitas .............................................................................. 93
4.9 Output Uji Reliabilitas .................................................................................. 94
4.10 Hubungan Kefasihan Terhadap Hasil Belajar .............................................. 96
4.11 Tabel Frekuensi Observasi dan Frekuensi Harapan .................................... 96
4.12 Hubungan Kefasihan Terhadap Hasil Belajar ............................................. 97
4.13 Output Case Processing Sumary .................................................................. 98
4.14 Output Crosstab Kefasihan dan Hasil Belajar .............................................. 98
4.15 Output Chi Square Test ............................................................................... 99
4.16 Hubungan Keluwesan (Fleksibel) Terhadap Hasil Belajar ....................... 101
4.17 Tabel Frekuensi Observasi dan Frekuensi Harapan ................................... 102
4.18 Hubungan Keluwesan Terhadap Hasil Belajar ......................................... 102
4.19 Output Case Processing Sumary ................................................................ 103
4.20 Output Crosstab Keluwesan dengan Hasil Balajar ................................... 104
4.21 Output Chi Square Test ............................................................................. 105
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4.22 Hubungan Kebaruan Terhadap Hasil Belajar ........................................... 107
4.23 Tabel Frekuensi Observasi dan Frekuensi Harapan ................................. 107
4.24 Hubungan Kebaruan Terhadap Hasil Belajar ............................................ 108
4.25 Output Case Processing Sumary ............................................................... 109
4.26 Output Crosstab Kebaruan dengan Hasil Belajar ...................................... 110
4.27 Output Chi Square Test .............................................................................. 111
4.28 Hubungan Kreativitas Terhadap Hasil Belajar ......................................... 112
4.29 Tabel Frekuensi Observasi dan Frekuensi Harapan ................................... 113
4.30 Hubungan Kreativitas Terhadap Hasil Belajar .......................................... 114
4.31 Output Case Processing Sumary ............................................................... 115
4.32 Output Crosstab Kreativitas dengan Hasil Belajar .................................... 115
4.33 Output Chi Square Test ............................................................................. 116
4.34 Ringkasan Hasil Uji Chi Square ................................................................ 118
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar
Halaman
2.1 Hubungan Pendekatan Kreativitas ................................................................. 19
2.2 Skema Kerangka Berikir Penelitian ............................................................... 61
4.1 Hasil Tes No. 1 AFF ...................................................................................... 78
4.2 Hasil Tes No. 5 AFF ...................................................................................... 78
4.3 Hasil Tes No. 3 dan 5 AFF ............................................................................. 79
4.4 Hasil Tes No. 2, 4 dan 5 AFF ......................................................................... 80
4.5 Hasil Tes No. 1 dan 5 FKA ............................................................................ 81
4.6 Hasil Tes No. 3 dan 5 FKA ............................................................................ 82
4.7 Hasil Tes No. 2, 4 dan 5 FKA ........................................................................ 83
4.8 Hasil Tes No. 1 dan 5 RDR ............................................................................ 84
4.9 Hasil Tes No. 3 dan 5 RDR ............................................................................ 85
4.10 Hasil Tes No. 2, 4 dan 5 RDR ...................................................................... 86
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran
Halaman
1. Profil Sekolah ........................................................................................ 133
2. Validasi Instrumen Penelitian ............................................................... 137
3. Dokumentasi Penelitian ........................................................................ 155
4. Lembar Jawaban Siswa ......................................................................... 157
5. Surat Permohonan Ijin Penelitian .......................................................... 176
6. Surat Ijin Penelitian ............................................................................... 177
7. Kartu Bimbingan ................................................................................... 178
8. Pernyataan Keaslian Tulisan .................................................................. 185
9. Tabel r ................................................................................................... 186
10. Tabel Chi Square .................................................................................. 187
11. Biografi ................................................................................................. 188
Halaman Sampul Luar ..............................................................................................i
Halaman Sampul Dalam ......................................................................................... ii
Halaman Persetujuan ............................................................................................. iii
Halaman Pengesahan ..............................................................................................iv
Moto ....... .................................................................................................................v
Persembahan ...........................................................................................................vi
Kata Pengantar ..................................................................................................... viii
Daftar Isi .. ...............................................................................................................x
Daftar Tabel ......................................................................................................... xiii
Daftar Gambar .................................................................................................... xvii
Daftar Lampiran ................................................................................................. xviii
Abstrak .... .............................................................................................................xix
BAB I
BAB II
: PENDAHULUAN .................................................................................1
A.
Latar Belakang.............................................................................1
B.
Rumusan Masalah .....................................................................11
C.
Tujuan Penelitian .......................................................................12
D.
Kegunaan Penelitian ..................................................................13
E.
Ruang Lingkup dan Keterbatasan Penelitian............................. 14
F.
Definisi Operasional ..................................................................14
G.
Sistematika Pembahasan Skripsi ...............................................16
: LANDASAN TEORI ..........................................................................18
A.
Kerangka Teori ..........................................................................18
1. Kreativitas ............................................................................. 18
2. Pemecahan Masalah .............................................................. 35
3. Hasil Belajar ......................................................................... 43
4. Hakikat Matematika .............................................................. 49
5. Bangun Datar ........................................................................ 51
x
xi
B. Kajian Penelitian Terdahulu.......................................................... 58
C. Kerangka Berfikir Penelitian......................................................... 61
D. Hipotesis Tindakan........................................................................ 62
BAB III : METODE PENELITIAN ................................................................... 63
A. Pendekatan Dan Jenis Penelitian .................................................. 63
B. Populasi, Sampling, dan Sampel Penelitian ..................................64
1. Populasi ................................................................................ 64
2. Sampling ..............................................................................64
3. Sampel Penelitian ................................................................ 65
C. Sumber Data, Variabel, dan Skala Pengukurannya ..................... 65
1. Sumber Data .........................................................................65
2. Variabel ................................................................................65
3. Skala Pengukuran .................................................................66
D. Teknik Pengumpulan Data dan Instrumen Penelitian ...................67
1. Teknik Pengumpulan Data ...................................................67
2. Instrumen Penelitian ............................................................69
E. Teknik Analisis Data .....................................................................72
F. Tahap-Tahap Penelitian.................................................................75
BAB IV : HASIL PENELITIAN........................................................................77
A. Hasil Penelitian ...........................................................................77
1. Deskripsi Data.......................................................................77
2. Analisis Kreativitas Siswa dalam Pemecahan Masalah.........77
3. Skor Kreativitas Siswa Dalam Memecahkan Masalah ........86
4. Nilai Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa..................................89
5. Pengujian Validitas dan Reliabilitas Instrumen....................91
6. Pengujian Hipotesis...............................................................95
B. Pembahasan................................................................................119
1. Pengaruh Kefasihan dalam Memecahkan Masalah Terhadap
Hasil belajar Siswa Kelas VII Materi Bangun Datar..........119
xii
2. Pengaruh Keluwesan (Fleksibilitas) dalam Memecahkan
Masalah Terhadap Hasil belajar Siswa Kelas VII Materi
Bangun Datar......................................................................120
3. Pengaruh Kebaruan dalam Memecahkan Masalah Terhadap
Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas VII Materi Bangun Datar .........121
4. Kreativitas dalam Memecahkan Masalah Terhadap Hasil
belajar Siswa Kelas VII Materi Bangun Datar....................122
BAB V
: PENUTUP.........................................................................................126
A. Kesimpulan ...............................................................................126
B. Saran...........................................................................................127
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ..........................................................................................130
xiii
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel
Halaman
2.1 Penjenjangan Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif ................................................. 29
2.2 Perbedaan dan Persamaan Penelitian Terdahulu ........................................... 60
3.1 Kriteria Penilaian Kreativitas Siswa ............................................................. 72
3.2 Kriteria Penilaian Tes Hasil Belajar .............................................................. 73
4.1 Rubrik Penilaian Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa.................................. 87
4.2 Nilai Tes Kreativitas Siswa dalam Memecahkan Masalah Materi Segitiga dan
Segiempat dengan Sampel Kelas VII C........................................................ 88
4.3 Penjenjangan Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif ................................................ 89
4.4 Data Nilai Hasil Belajar Matematik Siswa KelasVII C Materi Segitiga dan
Segiempat ..................................................................................................... 89
4.5 Kriteria Penilaian Tes Hasil Belajar .............................................................. 90
4.6 Nilai Data Uji Coba Instrumen Penelitian .................................................... 91
4.7 Output Validasi Instrumen ............................................................................ 93
4.8 Rangkuman Uji Validitas .............................................................................. 93
4.9 Output Uji Reliabilitas .................................................................................. 94
4.10 Hubungan Kefasihan Terhadap Hasil Belajar .............................................. 96
4.11 Tabel Frekuensi Observasi dan Frekuensi Harapan .................................... 96
4.12 Hubungan Kefasihan Terhadap Hasil Belajar ............................................. 97
4.13 Output Case Processing Sumary .................................................................. 98
4.14 Output Crosstab Kefasihan dan Hasil Belajar .............................................. 98
4.15 Output Chi Square Test ............................................................................... 99
4.16 Hubungan Keluwesan (Fleksibel) Terhadap Hasil Belajar ....................... 101
4.17 Tabel Frekuensi Observasi dan Frekuensi Harapan ................................... 102
4.18 Hubungan Keluwesan Terhadap Hasil Belajar ......................................... 102
4.19 Output Case Processing Sumary ................................................................ 103
4.20 Output Crosstab Keluwesan dengan Hasil Balajar ................................... 104
4.21 Output Chi Square Test ............................................................................. 105
xiv
4.22 Hubungan Kebaruan Terhadap Hasil Belajar ........................................... 107
4.23 Tabel Frekuensi Observasi dan Frekuensi Harapan ................................. 107
4.24 Hubungan Kebaruan Terhadap Hasil Belajar ............................................ 108
4.25 Output Case Processing Sumary ............................................................... 109
4.26 Output Crosstab Kebaruan dengan Hasil Belajar ...................................... 110
4.27 Output Chi Square Test .............................................................................. 111
4.28 Hubungan Kreativitas Terhadap Hasil Belajar ......................................... 112
4.29 Tabel Frekuensi Observasi dan Frekuensi Harapan ................................... 113
4.30 Hubungan Kreativitas Terhadap Hasil Belajar .......................................... 114
4.31 Output Case Processing Sumary ............................................................... 115
4.32 Output Crosstab Kreativitas dengan Hasil Belajar .................................... 115
4.33 Output Chi Square Test ............................................................................. 116
4.34 Ringkasan Hasil Uji Chi Square ................................................................ 118
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar
Halaman
2.1 Hubungan Pendekatan Kreativitas ................................................................. 19
2.2 Skema Kerangka Berikir Penelitian ............................................................... 61
4.1 Hasil Tes No. 1 AFF ...................................................................................... 78
4.2 Hasil Tes No. 5 AFF ...................................................................................... 78
4.3 Hasil Tes No. 3 dan 5 AFF ............................................................................. 79
4.4 Hasil Tes No. 2, 4 dan 5 AFF ......................................................................... 80
4.5 Hasil Tes No. 1 dan 5 FKA ............................................................................ 81
4.6 Hasil Tes No. 3 dan 5 FKA ............................................................................ 82
4.7 Hasil Tes No. 2, 4 dan 5 FKA ........................................................................ 83
4.8 Hasil Tes No. 1 dan 5 RDR ............................................................................ 84
4.9 Hasil Tes No. 3 dan 5 RDR ............................................................................ 85
4.10 Hasil Tes No. 2, 4 dan 5 RDR ...................................................................... 86
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran
Halaman
1. Profil Sekolah ........................................................................................ 133
2. Validasi Instrumen Penelitian ............................................................... 137
3. Dokumentasi Penelitian ........................................................................ 155
4. Lembar Jawaban Siswa ......................................................................... 157
5. Surat Permohonan Ijin Penelitian .......................................................... 176
6. Surat Ijin Penelitian ............................................................................... 177
7. Kartu Bimbingan ................................................................................... 178
8. Pernyataan Keaslian Tulisan .................................................................. 185
9. Tabel r ................................................................................................... 186
10. Tabel Chi Square .................................................................................. 187
11. Biografi ................................................................................................. 188