t bind 0705750 table of content
DAFTAR ISI
Halaman
ABSTRAK .........................................................................................................................i
KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................................ii
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH .............................................................................................iv
DAFTAR ISI .....................................................................................................................vi
DAFTAR TABEL DAN DIAGRAM ...............................................................................x
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .....................................................................................................xi
DAFTAR SINGKATAN ..................................................................................................xii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN..................................................................................................1
1.1 Latar Belakang Penelitian............................................................................................1
1.2 Identifikasi Masalah ....................................................................................................7
1.3 Perumusan Masalah ....................................................................................................7
1.4 Tujuan Penelitian.........................................................................................................8
1.5 Manfaat Penelitian ......................................................................................................9
1.6 Defenisi Operasional...................................................................................................10
BAB II STRUKTUR DAN NILAI BUDAYA DALAM CERITA PENDEK.................11
2.1 Cerita Pendek .............................................................................................................11
2.1.1 Pengertian Cerita Pendek ........................................................................................11
2.1.2 Ciri-ciri Cerita Pendek ............................................................................................14
2.2 Struktur Cerita Pendek................................................................................................16
2.2.1 Pendekatan Struktural..............................................................................................16
2.2.2 Struktur Pembentuk Cerita Pendek..........................................................................19
2.2.2.1 Plot/alur.................................................................................................................23
2.2.2.2 Tokoh dan Penokohan...........................................................................................26
2.2.2.3 Latar......................................................................................................................29
2.2.2.4 Sudut Pandang......................................................................................................31
2.2.2.5 Tema....................................................................................................................33
2.3 Nilai Budaya...............................................................................................................35
2.4 Pembelajaran Apresiasi Cerita Pendek.......................................................................39
2.4.1 Pengertian Pembelajaran Apresiasi Cerpen.............................................................39
2.4.2 Tujuan Pembelajaran Apresiasi Cerpen.................................................................. 41
2.4.3 Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan....................................................................44
2.4.3.1 Dasar Pemikiran KBK Bidang Sastra...................................................................45
2.4.3.2 Prinsip-prinsip Pengembangan Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan..............48
BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN.........................................................................51
3.1 Metode Penelitian.......................................................................................................51
3.2 Teknik Pengumpulan Data.........................................................................................52
3.3 Instrumen Penelitian...................................................................................................53
3.4 Data dan Sumber Data Penelitian…………………………………………………...54
3.5 Prosedur Penelitian…………………………………………………………….........56
BAB IV DESKRIPSI DAN ANALISIS DATA...............................................................58
4.1Deskripsi Data..............................................................................................................58
4.1.1 Pengantar Pengarang (A.A.Navis)...........................................................................58
4.1.2 Deskripsi Data Penelitian.........................................................................................60
4.2 Analisis Data...............................................................................................................62
4.2.1 Struktur Cerpen...................................................... .................................................63
4.2.1.1 Struktur Cerpen 1 .................................................................................................63
4.2.1.2 Struktur Cerpen 2..................................................................................................75
4.2.1.3 Struktur Cerpen 3..................................................................................................85
4.2.1.4 Struktur Cerpen 4..................................................................................................97
4.1.1.5 Struktur Cerpen 5 ................................................................................................107
4.2.2 Nilai Budaya dalam Cerita Pendek.........................................................................115
4.2.2.1 Nilai Budaya dalam Hubungan Manusia dengan Tuhan ....................................115
4.2.2.2 Nilai Budaya dalam Hubungan Manusia dengan Karyanya ...............................119
4.2.2.3 Nilai Budaya dalam Hubungan Manusia dengan Ruang dan Waktu ..................123
4.2.2.4 Nilai Budaya dalam Hubungan Manusia dengan Alam ......................................130
4.2.2.5 Nilai Budaya dalam Hubungan Manusia dengan Sesamanya .............................132
4.3 Hasil Analisis ............................................................................................................142
4.3.1 Hasil Analisis Struktur Cerpen...............................................................................142
4.3.2 Hasil Analisis Nilai Budaya ...................................................................................156
4.4. Model Pengajaran Apresiasi Sastra (Cerpen) untuk SMP Kelas IX ........................158
4.4.1 Dasar Pemikiran .....................................................................................................158
4.4.2 Model Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran ...........................................................160
4.4.2.1 Model Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran 1 .....................................................160
4.4.2.2 Model Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran 2 .....................................................164
4.5 Materi yang ditawarkan sebagai Bahan Ajar ............................................................168
BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN ...............................................................................176
5.1 Simpulan ...................................................................................................................176
5.2 Saran .........................................................................................................................179
DAFTAR PUSTAKA......................................................................................................181
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN .............................................................................................184
Halaman
ABSTRAK .........................................................................................................................i
KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................................ii
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH .............................................................................................iv
DAFTAR ISI .....................................................................................................................vi
DAFTAR TABEL DAN DIAGRAM ...............................................................................x
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .....................................................................................................xi
DAFTAR SINGKATAN ..................................................................................................xii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN..................................................................................................1
1.1 Latar Belakang Penelitian............................................................................................1
1.2 Identifikasi Masalah ....................................................................................................7
1.3 Perumusan Masalah ....................................................................................................7
1.4 Tujuan Penelitian.........................................................................................................8
1.5 Manfaat Penelitian ......................................................................................................9
1.6 Defenisi Operasional...................................................................................................10
BAB II STRUKTUR DAN NILAI BUDAYA DALAM CERITA PENDEK.................11
2.1 Cerita Pendek .............................................................................................................11
2.1.1 Pengertian Cerita Pendek ........................................................................................11
2.1.2 Ciri-ciri Cerita Pendek ............................................................................................14
2.2 Struktur Cerita Pendek................................................................................................16
2.2.1 Pendekatan Struktural..............................................................................................16
2.2.2 Struktur Pembentuk Cerita Pendek..........................................................................19
2.2.2.1 Plot/alur.................................................................................................................23
2.2.2.2 Tokoh dan Penokohan...........................................................................................26
2.2.2.3 Latar......................................................................................................................29
2.2.2.4 Sudut Pandang......................................................................................................31
2.2.2.5 Tema....................................................................................................................33
2.3 Nilai Budaya...............................................................................................................35
2.4 Pembelajaran Apresiasi Cerita Pendek.......................................................................39
2.4.1 Pengertian Pembelajaran Apresiasi Cerpen.............................................................39
2.4.2 Tujuan Pembelajaran Apresiasi Cerpen.................................................................. 41
2.4.3 Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan....................................................................44
2.4.3.1 Dasar Pemikiran KBK Bidang Sastra...................................................................45
2.4.3.2 Prinsip-prinsip Pengembangan Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan..............48
BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN.........................................................................51
3.1 Metode Penelitian.......................................................................................................51
3.2 Teknik Pengumpulan Data.........................................................................................52
3.3 Instrumen Penelitian...................................................................................................53
3.4 Data dan Sumber Data Penelitian…………………………………………………...54
3.5 Prosedur Penelitian…………………………………………………………….........56
BAB IV DESKRIPSI DAN ANALISIS DATA...............................................................58
4.1Deskripsi Data..............................................................................................................58
4.1.1 Pengantar Pengarang (A.A.Navis)...........................................................................58
4.1.2 Deskripsi Data Penelitian.........................................................................................60
4.2 Analisis Data...............................................................................................................62
4.2.1 Struktur Cerpen...................................................... .................................................63
4.2.1.1 Struktur Cerpen 1 .................................................................................................63
4.2.1.2 Struktur Cerpen 2..................................................................................................75
4.2.1.3 Struktur Cerpen 3..................................................................................................85
4.2.1.4 Struktur Cerpen 4..................................................................................................97
4.1.1.5 Struktur Cerpen 5 ................................................................................................107
4.2.2 Nilai Budaya dalam Cerita Pendek.........................................................................115
4.2.2.1 Nilai Budaya dalam Hubungan Manusia dengan Tuhan ....................................115
4.2.2.2 Nilai Budaya dalam Hubungan Manusia dengan Karyanya ...............................119
4.2.2.3 Nilai Budaya dalam Hubungan Manusia dengan Ruang dan Waktu ..................123
4.2.2.4 Nilai Budaya dalam Hubungan Manusia dengan Alam ......................................130
4.2.2.5 Nilai Budaya dalam Hubungan Manusia dengan Sesamanya .............................132
4.3 Hasil Analisis ............................................................................................................142
4.3.1 Hasil Analisis Struktur Cerpen...............................................................................142
4.3.2 Hasil Analisis Nilai Budaya ...................................................................................156
4.4. Model Pengajaran Apresiasi Sastra (Cerpen) untuk SMP Kelas IX ........................158
4.4.1 Dasar Pemikiran .....................................................................................................158
4.4.2 Model Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran ...........................................................160
4.4.2.1 Model Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran 1 .....................................................160
4.4.2.2 Model Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran 2 .....................................................164
4.5 Materi yang ditawarkan sebagai Bahan Ajar ............................................................168
BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN ...............................................................................176
5.1 Simpulan ...................................................................................................................176
5.2 Saran .........................................................................................................................179
DAFTAR PUSTAKA......................................................................................................181
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN .............................................................................................184