27
CHAPTER 3. RESEARCH METHOD
This chapter discusses the research methods used in this research. It covers the research design, operational definitions of the terms, area determination
method, respondent determination method, data collection methods, and data analysis method.
3.1 Research Design
This was a Quasi Experimental research, post-test only design with non- equivalent groups. Quasi Experimental is not a true experimental research, this
research does not require the researcher to pick samples from each group of population to form the control group and the experimental group, this research
uses the intact group that already exist in the population to be labeled as the control group and the experimental group. This research design was chosen since
the true experimental research was not possible to be done. Post-test only design was chosen because this research focuses on the result of the teaching and
learning process so that he result of the research was the comparison between the mean scores of the control group and the experimental group after the treatment, it
was not the comparison between the previous score before the treatment and the score after the treatment. Non-equivalent group design was chosen since the
researcher could not control the variables or the condition that made the two groups equivalent.
The objective of this research was to investigate whether or not there was a significant effect of using Team Games Tournament technique on the eighth grade
students’ vocabulary achievement of recount text at SMPN 09 Jember in the 20152016 academic year.
This research involved two groups of students, they were the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group received the treatment. It
was taught vocabulary by using TGT technique. Meanwhile, the control group was taught vocabulary by using another cooperative learning technique that was
pairing technique. The vocabulary test was administered to both the experimental
group and control group and their mean score was compared. The pattern of the research design was illustrated as follows:
Group Treatment
Posttest A
X O
B O
Notes: A
: Experimental Group got the treatment B
: Control Group did not get the treatment X
: Treatment teaching vocabulary by using TGT technique O
: Posttest the vocabulary test McMillan, 1992:175
The procedures of the research design were as follows: 1. Administering the homogeneity test to all existing classes to find out
the homogeneity of the population. The data of the homogeneity test were analyzed by using Levene’s test formula Test of Homogeneity of
Variances. 2. Selecting randomly two classes of the homogenous classes.
3. Determining the two classes to be regarded as the experimental group and control group by using lottery.
4. Giving the treatments to the experimental group by teaching vocabulary using TGT technique while the control group was taught vocabulary by
using pairing technique. 5. Administering the try out test of the vocabulary posttest to establish the
reliability and difficulty index of the test items. This was done to another class which did not belong to the research respondents.
6. Administering the vocabulary posttest to both the experimental and the control groups to measure the students vocabulary achievement after
the treatments given to the experimental group.
7. Analyzing the data gathered from the vocabulary posttest scores by using the t-test of 95 confidence interval or 5 significance level to
know whether the mean score difference between the experimental group and the control group is significant or not.
8. Drawing a conclusion based on the results of the data analysis to solve the research problem.
3.2 Operational Definitions of the Terms 3.2.1 Team Games Tournament Technique
Kategori