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character’s behaviour could be referred to the psychology of human being. Hence through this approach the character’s thought and behaviour can be analyzed more
profoundly 13-14.
2. Suggestion for English Language Teaching
This part discusses the implementation of Edgar Allan Poe’s short stories: The Mask of the Red Death, Ligeia, and The Cask of Amontillado as the material
in language teaching. I will apply them in speaking for the fields of implementation.
Reading is more often for pleasure. People read magazine, newspaper, and literary works such as novel and short stories in their spare time for pleasure. I
believe that literary works can be used to teach English especially in teaching English as foreign language. McKay states that, “Literature will increase all
language skills because literature will extend linguistic knowledge by giving evidence of extensive and subtle vocabulary usage, and complex and exact
syntax” 191. Moreover, besides improving linguistic knowledge, literature can improve understanding about culture and life as according to Lazar, literature can
provide students with an access to the culture of the people whose language is being studied 16. Hence, it is obvious that literature is useful in language
learning. However, there are several criteria in choosing appropriate literary text to
language teaching. Nutall suggests there are three criteria, they are: suitability, exploitability, and readability. Suitability means the text is suitable for the
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students, so that it stimulates personal involvement of the students. While exploitability means the text should facilitate the students to learn language. Last
criterion is readability which means the text is suitable with the level of difficulty of the students 2. Referring to Edgar Allan Poe’s short stories: The Mask of the
Red Death, Ligeia, and The Cask of Amontillado, it can be seen that those stories are long enough especially Ligeia, moreover the language used by Edgar Allan
Poe is quite complex with various kinds of diction. Therefore, Edgar Allan Poe short stories: The Mask of the Red Death, Ligeia, and The Cask of Amontillado
are suitable for students in the advanced level who already master sufficient vocabulary and have proficiency to read the stories.
a. The Implementation in Teaching Reading
Reading is a process held by the reader to get the message, which is revealed by the writer through written language or words. If one cannot fulfill this,
both the explicit and implicit will not be either grasped or comprehended, and the reading process itself is not done well Widowson 23. Reading is one of the most
important skills in language learning. In teaching reading, Paulston and Bruder offer two kinds of reading. They
are intensive and extensive reading. Intensive reading means “the students’ attention is focused through instruction which enables him or her to decode the
message” whereas extensive reading means “reading in the native tongue; the students read at his own level and pace, directly for meaning” 162. Hence, a
