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2. Selecting and collecting the data in form of narration and conversation
from the novel related to the problem. 3.
Analyzing the data collected by firstly categorizing them into three points, dealing with statement of problems. Then, each point is analyzed using
appropriate theory, which refers to objectives of study. 4.
Making conclusions based on the result of data analysis.
1.7. Definition of Key Terms
To avoid any different perceptions between the writer and the readers in understanding the study, it is essential to give some definition of key terms used in
this study. Here are the key terms explained: 1.
Struggle : It refers to the difficulty and danger that is faced, every
day, by those of lower socio-economic class living in areas such as housing projects and ghettos
id.urbandictionary.com. 2.
Private Nurse : According to Corporate Medical Policy, private nurse or sometimes called private duty nursing is skilled nursing
care provided in a patient’s home. Private duty nursing is medically necessary continuous, substantial and complex
hourly nursing services provided by a licensed nurse in the patient’s home 1.
3. Oppression : Oppression points to social forces that tend to press upon
people and hold them down, to hem them in and block their pursuits of a good life Johnson 39.
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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1. Theoretical Framework
In doing this study, the writer tends to utilize some theories. Since the analysis extremely focuses on the characters from the novel selected, so the theory
of character and characterization which cannot be separated one another is used. Also, this study tries to reveal mostly upon the woman character and her struggle
so that Feminism theory is chosen. Instead of using other branch theories of Feminism, this study employs the first wave of Feminism theory in order to
accomplish it more deeply in its analysis. Those theories are explained as follows:
2.1.1. New Criticism
New criticism, sometimes called formalism is a literary criticism that focus to consider the way the components of language—a text’s formal elements—give
form and meaning to the completed literary text Gillespie 172. Bennett and Royle state that formalism generally refers to kinds of criticism that emphasize the
importance of the formal dimensions of literary texts 291. It requires that interpretations be validated with specific examples from the text. Formalism
demands textual evidence to back up assertions, which reinforces a central characteristic of all effective persuasion Gillespie 173. Character and
characterization is one part of new criticism. As Tyson said in his book, new criticism tries to examine the formal element such as images, symbols, metaphors,
rhyme, meter, point of view, setting, characterization, plot and so forth to interpret the text 137.
