CLAIRE'S STRUGGLE OF BEING A PRIVATE NURSE IN SUSAN WIGGS' THE SUMMER HIDEAWAY.

CLAIRE’S STRUGGLE OF BEING A PRIVATE NURSE IN SUSAN

WIGGS’

THE SUMMER HIDEAWAY

A THESIS

Submitted as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Sarjana Degree

of English Department Faculty of Letters and Humanities State Islamic

University Sunan Ampel Surabaya

By:

Imroatul Insaniyyah

Reg. Number: A03211052

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF LETTERS AND HUMANITIES

STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY SUNAN AMPEL SURABAYA

2016

ABSTRACT

Insaniyyah, Imroatul. 2016. Claire’s Struggle of being A Private Nurse in Susan Wiggs’ The Summer Hideaway. Thesis. English Department. Faculty of Letters and Humanities. State Islamic University Sunan Ampel Surabaya.

Thesis Advisor: Wahju Kusumajanti, M. Hum

This thesis attempts to analyze Susan Wiggs’ novel which concerns on social problem. In her novel The Summer Hideaway, she depicted the life of private nurse throughout its female main character named Claire Turner. This thesis focuses on analyzing that female main character and her struggle of being a private nurse. The aims of this thesis are to describe the characterization of Claire Turner, to reveal the motive that leads her to be a private nurse and to reveal her struggle to face the oppression from the family members of her employer within her being of private nurse depicted in the novel. Since studying on characterization, this thesis use character and characterization theory which part of formalism. Then, Feminism theory is used to concern on womanhood. First wave of feminism is additionally used to examine private nurse as working woman is as woman source of oppression. Besides, inside the analysis of the thesis also tries to correlate some points with Islamic views.

INTISARI

Insaniyyah, Imroatul. 2016. Claire’s Struggle of being A Private Nurse in Susan Wiggs’ The Summer Hideaway. Skripsi. Sastra Inggris. Fakultas Adab. Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya.

Dosen Pembimbing: Wahju Kusumajanti, M. Hum

Skripsi ini berusaha menganalisa novel Susan Wiggs yang berkaitan dengan masalah sosial. Dalam novel The Summer Hideaway, ia menggambarkan kehidupan perawat pribadi melalui tokoh utama wanita yang bernama Claire Turner. Skripsi ini fokus pada analisis karakter utama dan perjuangannya menjadi perawat pribadi. Tujuan dari skripsi ini adalah untuk menggambarkan karakter Claire Turner, untuk mengungkapkan motif yang mengarahkannya menjadi seorang perawat pribadi dan untuk mengungkapkan perjuangannya dalam menghadapi penindasan dari anggota keluarga majikannya selama menjadi perawat pribadi yang digambarkan dalam novel. Karena mempelajari karakter, skripsi ini menggunakan teori karakter dan karakterisasi yang merupakan bagian dari teori formalisme. Kemudian teori Feminisme digunakan untuk mempelajari wanita. Feminisme gelombang pertama juga digunakan untuk memeriksa perawat pribadi sebagai pekerja wanita merupakan sumber penindasan perempuan. Selain itu, dalam analisis skripsi ini juga mencoba untuk menghubungkan beberapa poin dengan pandangan Islam.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Inside Cover Page i

Inside Title Page ii

Declaration Page iii

Approval Sheet iv

Examiner Sheet v

Motto vi

Dedication Page vii

Acknowledgement viii

Table of Contents x

Abstract xii

Intisari xiii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1

1.1. Background of the Study 1 1.2. Statement of the Problem 4 1.3. Objective of the Study 4 1.4. Scope and Limitation 5 1.5. Significance of the Study 5

1.6. Method of the Study 6

1.7. Definition of Key Terms 7 CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 8 2.1. Theoretical Framework 8

2.1.1. New Criticism 8

2.1.1.1. Character 9

2.1.1.2. Characterization 11

2.1.2. Feminism 12

2.2. Review of Related Studies 18

CHAPTER III ANALYSIS 20

3.1. Claire Character’s Characterization in Susan Wiggs’ The Summer Hideaway

3.2. The Motive that Leads Claire Turner to be A Private Nurse 24 3.3. The Struggle of Claire Turner to Face the Oppression from the Family

Members of her Employer within her Being of Private Nurse 32

CHAPTER IV CONCLUSION 47

WORKS CITED 50

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1. Background of the Study

Literature is interesting to be learned because it describes mostly about human life. As what Tyson said that literature conceived as a laboratory of human life, provides examples of human experience presumably common to all readers (5). Literature make us feel like we understand something new about what it means to be human and experience the world we live in. It reflects to what happen in the real life. So it is no doubt to find out various kinds of problem taking place in our daily life and the emotional sense on individual in literary works (qtd. in Rufqoti 1). Eagleton and Milne state that literary texts are assumed to be ideological in the sense that they do give us something of equal importance in analyzing culture, an imaginary representation of real relations (329).

Literary works have many various types. According to Ade and Okunoye, majority, there are three broad types of literature, these are drama, poetry and prose (6). Each of those types in literature is different from others, for instance; the essence of drama is its dialog and action. It can be read and it can also be experienced on stage. There are certain aspects of drama that mark it as different with others, that is, drama only unfolds through dialogue and drama divided into acts and scenes (37). While poetry is a work of art that brings aesthetics, romance, language and systematic presentation of verse forms into reality (61). Then, prose is centered on narration. It means that prose is recounting events as they occur in spatial or chronological order. The narration full of sensation, emotion, conflicting

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situations, sources of happiness, sadness and different responses to life situations (16).

One of the types of literary works that is used in this study is prose, especially novel. Bertens states that novel can represent life in all its fullness (19). Its content reveals explicitly about human experiences and how they resemble the complexity of a real life. By reading a novel, readers may enter the story and experience the events in the novel as if they were in the same situation. Readers also can get the truth of life and a moral work. As what Lawrence said in Bertens that if a novel reveals true and vivid relationships, it is a moral work, no matter what the relationships may consist in (19).

This study is particularly interested in Susan Wiggs’ novel because she writes with refreshingly honest emotion, and the Salem Statesman Journal adds that she is one of their best observers of stories of the heart who knows how to capture emotion on virtually every page of every book (www.goodreads.com). Wiggs is an American author, a militant romance writer and a feminist

(www.harlequin.com). She is a fiction writer who writes romance. She said that romance will always be popular because love makes the world go around (www.bookloons.com). One of her novels which is interesting to be analyzed in this study is The Summer Hideaway.

The Summer Hideaway was written in 2010. The genre of this novel is

contemporary romance. There are five main characters: George Bellamy, Charles Bellamy, Jane Gordon, Ross Bellamy and Claire Turner. It tells about an old man who is looking for his brother in the rest of his life. His name is George Bellamy.

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After knowing that he got a serious disease, glioblastoma multiforme, a heartlessly fatal cancer and knowing that the rest of his life will not be long, George want to meet her brother, Charles. They do not meet for a long time. George want to make his kinship with Charles will be better but he is not sure with this plan.

We haven’t spoken fifty-five years.

A lifetime, she thought. George and his brother had let a lifetime slip by. Last night, she’d suggested they call Charles Bellamy—he was listed in the local phone book. George had balked and looked tired. “When Ross comes,” he’d said. (Wiggs 34)

George was treated by a private nurse, Claire Turner. She has a duty to take care of George at George’s home and fulfill all of what George wants. Claire Turner has an optimistic attitude, a professional in assisting those at the end of their lives get through what is to come. She hopes George’s searching journey will be to a place of acceptance. Claire’s attitude that does not support George’s treatment in the town raises suspicion and hatred for some of his family members. Besides George get Claire from online advertising, they feel there is something wrong with Claire in the past.

She swallowed hard. The Bellamys were made of money. Maybe the daughter-in-law had ordered a deep and thorough background check. Maybe that check had uncovered some irregularity, something about Claire’s past that didn’t quite add up. (Wiggs 23)

From that statement, this study is focuses on the social issue which is talking about woman struggle. The struggle of woman in the novel is described by Claire Turner. The Summer Hideaway tells that Claire Turner has a very long journey in facing her problem. Her struggle is when she faces problem with her foster parents, especially her foster father, Vance Jordan. She hides from Vance

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Jordan because he wants to kill her. It is because Claire knows that Vance having an affair. The same thing happened to her two foster brothers. Vance has killed them one night. Knowing about it, Claire runs away and hides to places that she thinks more secure. Then, she changes her identity from Clarissa Tancredi turn into Claire Turner. Finally, she works as a private nurse and meets George. In addition to struggle her problem with Vance, Claire also struggles to explain to George’s family that actually she does not like what they think about.

Based on the discussion above, this study will analyze the character in the novel. The writer really interested in the novel and intends to analyze more deeply the woman struggle represented by the character of Claire Turner in Susan Wiggs’

The Summer Hideaway. Furthermore, this study will be conducted because no one

has done it.

1.2. Statement of the Problem

Based on background of the study explained above, the writer is interested in analyzing problems which are formulated as follows:

1. How is Claire Turner characterized in The Summer Hideaway? 2. What is the motive that leads Claire Turner to be a private nurse? 3. How is Claire Turner’s struggle to face the oppression from the family

members of her employer within her being of private nurse depicted in The

Summer Hideaway?

1.3. Objective of the Study

In accordance with statement of the problem, this study has three objectives that can be stated as follows:

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1. To describe the characterization of Claire Turner.

2. To reveal the motive that leads Claire Turner to be a private nurse. 3. To reveal the struggle of Claire Turner to face the oppression from the

family members of her employer within her being of private nurse depicted in the novel.

1.4. Scope and Limitation

In order to make focus of this study, the writer gives scope and limitation for the discussion. This study will be limited to the novel of The Summer

Hideaway. The study then focuses on the characters and their characterizations

represented in the novel. To answer statement of problem above, Claire Turner’s character and her characterization becomes the most important point to analyze. However, some other characters that Claire interacts with will be also the object for analysis but the study will be limited to Claire Turner’s family, her employer and the family members of her employer. The scope of this study is upon the struggle of Claire Turner; her struggle to be a private nurse and her struggle within her being of a private nurse that is sometimes oppressed treated badly by the family members of her employer.

1.5. Significance of the Study

This study is significant to be conducted due to both the theoretical and practical functions. Theoretically, the writer does hope that it enriches the readers’ development of knowledge in literary theory that is related to woman. Therefore, the readers are expected to comprehend more about it, especially for those who having interest in the study of woman throughout literature. Then practically, this

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study hopefully can give useful contribution for the readers in understanding the content of The Summer Hideaway, mainly concerning with critical analysis using theory related to woman for the approach. Moreover, the writer also intends to share spirit of woman struggle to all women so that women will not easily give up then. Also, the writer hopes that this study can be a helpful reference for other researchers who are interested in conducting further research. At last, this study can be considered as a contribution to the literary study especially for students in English Department in State University of Islamic Studies Sunan Ampel

Surabaya.

1.6. Method of the Study

This study is library based. Therefore the writer makes good use of some books including the novel as the primary source, articles, journals, and online resources. In presenting the analysis, the writer mainly uses descriptive-qualitative method, more commonly known as qualitative descriptive method. According to Sandelowski, qualitative descriptive studies have as their goal a comprehensive summary of events in the everyday terms of those events. Researchers conducting qualitative descriptive studies close to their data and to the surface of words and events. Qualitative descriptive study is the method of choice when straight descriptions of phenomena are desired (334). The study follows the following steps:

1. Reading the novel to get the complete and well understanding on the whole story.

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2. Selecting and collecting the data in form of narration and conversation from the novel related to the problem.

3. Analyzing the data collected by firstly categorizing them into three points, dealing with statement of problems. Then, each point is analyzed using appropriate theory, which refers to objectives of study.

4. Making conclusions based on the result of data analysis. 1.7. Definition of Key Terms

To avoid any different perceptions between the writer and the readers in understanding the study, it is essential to give some definition of key terms used in this study. Here are the key terms explained:

1. Struggle : It refers to the difficulty and danger that is faced, every day, by those of lower socio-economic class living in areas such as housing projects and ghettos

(id.urbandictionary.com).

2. Private Nurse : According to Corporate Medical Policy, private nurse or sometimes called private duty nursing is skilled nursing care provided in a patient’s home. Private duty nursing is medically necessary continuous, substantial and complex hourly nursing services provided by a licensed nurse in the patient’s home (1).

3. Oppression : Oppression points to social forces that tend to press upon people and hold them down, to hem them in and block their pursuits of a good life (Johnson 39).

8 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1. Theoretical Framework

In doing this study, the writer tends to utilize some theories. Since the analysis extremely focuses on the characters from the novel selected, so the theory of character and characterization which cannot be separated one another is used. Also, this study tries to reveal mostly upon the woman character and her struggle so that Feminism theory is chosen. Instead of using other branch theories of Feminism, this study employs the first wave of Feminism theory in order to accomplish it more deeply in its analysis. Those theories are explained as follows: 2.1.1. New Criticism

New criticism, sometimes called formalism is a literary criticism that focus to consider the way the components of language—a text’s formal elements—give form and meaning to the completed literary text (Gillespie 172). Bennett and Royle state that formalism generally refers to kinds of criticism that emphasize the importance of the formal dimensions of literary texts (291). It requires that

interpretations be validated with specific examples from the text. Formalism demands textual evidence to back up assertions, which reinforces a central characteristic of all effective persuasion (Gillespie 173). Character and characterization is one part of new criticism. As Tyson said in his book, new criticism tries to examine the formal element such as images, symbols, metaphors, rhyme, meter, point of view, setting, characterization, plot and so forth to interpret the text (137).

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Since the study emphasizes to the character and characterization, the explanation those theories of character and characterization are explained as follows:

2.1.1.1. Character

Character most often used to refer to a person in a fictional story. It is a brief descriptive sketch of a personage who typifies some definite quality (Holman 74). Character is the key element in the creation of a story. In fiction, characters are very important to understanding a story. Abrams state that characters are the persons represented in a dramatic or narrative work, who are interpreted by the reader as being endowed with particular moral, intellectual, and emotional qualities by inferences from what the persons say and their distinctive ways of saying it as the dialogue and from what they do as the action (32).

In his book Literature, Criticism and Theory, Bennet and Royle define character as follows:

“Characters are the life of literature: they are the objects of our curiosity and fascination, affection and dislike, admiration and condemnation. Indeed, so intense is our relationship with literary characters that they often cease to be simply ‘objects’. Through the power of identification, through sympathy and antipathy, they can become part of how we conceive ourselves, a part of we are.” (60)

From the definition of character above, we know that character has a very important role in a story. Character is the object of human’s feeling which represent the quality of a person. Kennedy and Gioia state that we enter a character’s mind and come to know him through his own thoughts, feelings and perceptions (74). Characters, which take most part in a story, are then considered as the most important intrinsic element of fiction. Through the presence of

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characters, one story is built. A story exposes around its characters’ life so that reviewing them becomes very interesting (qtd. in Rufqoti 11).

E. M. Forster, in Aspects of the Novel introduces two types of characters; flat and round characters. A flat character is built around a single idea or quality and is presented without much individualizing detail, and therefore can be fairly adequately described in a single phrase or sentence (qtd. in Abrams 33). A flat character has only one outstanding trait or feature, or at most a few distinguishing marks (Kennedy and Gioia 74). Forster state that flat characters are easily

recognized whenever they come in, recognized by the reader’s emotional eye, which merely notes the recurrence of a proper name. It also easily remembered by the reader afterwards (68 – 69).

Forster further defines a round character as a complex in temperament and motivation and is represented with subtle particularity; such a character therefore is as difficult to describe with any adequacy as a person in real life, and like real persons is capable of surprising us (qtd. in Abrams 33). Round character is a character which is described by the author any sides of their lives, personalities and self-identities. It is more realistic, behaving and speaking such a real human life. They have various attitudes and actions, and sometimes they give surprise to the readers because of their changing characteristics (qtd. in Jannah 14).

Character is one of parts in intrinsic elements of narrative which becomes a prominent thing in this study since it focuses on the female main character named Claire Turner. By analyzing her character through her behaviors, looks and speeches or dialogues with other characters in the story, the deeper knowledge of

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Claire Turner character is achieved. The knowledge of what character of Claire Turner is like; she is a woman of what status and so on.

2.1.1.2. Characterization

Character only is not enough to build a story. It must be clear how the author depicts the character in order to be more alive in a story (qtd. in Wigayanti 12). In fiction, the author reveals the characters of imaginary persons. The

creation of these imaginary persons so that they exist for the reader as real within the limits of fiction is called characterization (Holman 75). The reader will drift away into the story as if he or she is the character that exists in the story, and also the reader can feel what the character feels (Wigayanti 12). So, the ability to characterize the character successfully is one of the primary attributes of a good novelist, dramatist, or short story writer (Holman 75).

Characterization refers to how the author gives an image of personality to the character is presented either in the book or on stage. The way they reveal it is through their dialogues, actions and thought and how they undergo the

experiences in fiction (qtd. in Jannah 15). As stated by Seymour Chatman in Story

and Discourse, characterization as the depicting, in writing, of clear images of

person, his actions and manners of thought and life (107).

Abrams state there are two methods of characterization; showing and telling. In showing, the author simply presents the character’s talking and acting and leaves the reader to infer the motives and dispositions that lie behind what they say and do (33). It means that by using the method, the character’s traits are not telling by the author directly, but it revealed through their external speeches

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and actions; they also reveal it through their inner thoughts, feelings and responsiveness to the events. In telling, the author intervenes authoritatively in order to describe, and often to evaluate the motives and dispositional qualities of the characters (34). Telling method is a method of characterization which the author directly states what kinds of person the character is (qtd. in Jannah 16). In the novel, the characterization of Claire Turner is depicted as an optimistic girl, intelligent, simple and so on.

Characterization is important because it is a crucial part of making a story. In order to the readers interested in the character, they need to seem real. The author achieves it by depicting them as real human. A good characterization gives readers a strong sense of characters’ personalities and complexities. It makes character alive and believable (17). In this case, the writer uses the theory of characterization to analyze the character. The writer tries to reveal Claire Turner’s struggle in facing her problem with her foster parents by being a private nurse who lives uneasy and gets oppressed by the family members of her upper-class employers through the speaking, the doing and the thought of characters involved. 2.1.2. Feminism

Woman often becomes an interesting object in literary analysis. This study comes as an example which is interested in such matter; the struggle done by woman major character of The Summer Hideaway. Some theories related to woman exist. However there is a literary theory which most focuses on woman. It is popularly called Feminism (qtd. in Rufqoti 16). Eagleton argued that feminism is a dimension which informs and interrogates every facet of personal, social and

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political life. The message of the women’s movement is not just that women should have equality of power and status with men but it is a questioning of all such power and status (130). So feminism puts women equally as men. Their status is not inferior under men’s power. Women can take parts in public sphere freely as they want and men cannot restrict them with their power because women have right to do that (qtd. in Rufqoti 16 – 17).

Feminism is a school of thought that primarily motivated by the experience of women suffered from inequality in the patriarchal society. Feminism is an effort to bring equality for women by using their viewpoints to examine beliefs and practices in the society (qtd. in Veranda 11). Hence feminism enhances women’s awareness to release from patriarchy which always regards men as the control holder. Feminism also strengthens that women are not class of oppressed group but women are able to do things they want to do (qtd. in Rufqoti 17).

Since feminism concerns on women’s viewpoint of social beliefs and practices like what has been stated above, Elaine Showalter in A Literature of

Their Own argue that literatures by or about women has three major phases of

development (qtd. in Carter 95). The first phase is the feminine phase. Female writers in this phase internalized and respected the dominant male perspective, which required that women authors remained strictly in their socially acceptable place (96). It means that women writers imitated dominant male artistic norms and aesthetic standards (Barry 124). The second phase is the feminist phase. It

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96). Barry adds that in a feminist phase, it is radical and often separatist positions are maintained (124). The third phase is the female phase. In this phase, Showalter developed the notion of specifically female writing (qtd. in Carter 96). A female phase looked particularly at female writing and female experience (Barry 124).

In general, feminist criticism has also attempted to show that literary criticism and theory themselves have been dominated by male concerns (Carter 91). It examines the roles of women in society and advocates for women’s rights and opportunities. The main practice of feminist criticism has been to study how literary texts present or ignore women, reinforcing biases or challenging them (Gillespie 110). Feminism is useful to examine the ways in which literary texts reinforce patriarchy because the ability to see when and how patriarchal ideology operates is crucial to our ability to resist it in our own lives (Tyson 117). The ultimate goal of feminist criticism is to increase our understanding of women’s experience, both in the past and present, and promote our appreciation of women’s value in the world (119).

Feminist theory can be divided into three stages: the first wave, the second wave and the third wave. The earlier phase of modern feminist theory was very much influenced by the social and economic reforms brought about by the Women’s Rights and Suffrage movements (Carter 92). In America, the first wave of American feminism began in the 1840s (Madsen 3). One of the American feminism is Margaret Fuller. She is having possessed more influence upon the thought of American women than any woman previous to her time (4).

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Fuller suggests that the improvement of women’s condition will better prepare them for their task of moral guardianship of men. She roundly rejects the idea that women should accept the external regulation of their minds and lives rather than pursuing their own needs and suggests that this is the tenor of contemporary women’s thought (5).

Another feminist in the first wave of feminism is Virginia Woolf. She stress that gender is not predetermined but is a social construct. Therefore, it can be changed. However, she did not want to encourage a direct confrontation between female and male and preferred to try to find some kind of balance of power between the two (Carter 92). In supporting Woolf’s statement, Simone de Beauvoir also demanded freedom for women from being distinguished on the basis of biology and rejected the whole notion of femininity, which she regarded as a male projection. She is a very active fighter for women’s rights (93).

The second wave feminism emerged in the early 1960s in America. It focused on an indictment of male sexism and the domestic oppression of women. Feminist attention was focused on the exclusion of women from the public sphere and sex-based discrimination in the workplace (Madsen 7). The raising of

women’s consciousness of gender oppression and raising as a political issue the personal experience of that oppression were central to the efforts of early second wave feminism (9). It is a term that used to refer to the schools of feminist which tended to focus on the ways in which women are the same (Tong 320).

The second wave of feminist theory was very much influenced by the various liberationist movements. Its central concern was sexual difference. The

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theorists of this second wave criticized especially the argument that women were made inferior by virtues of their biological difference to men (Carter 93). Gender is not biological given but a theoretical position. Before feminism offered an alternative, we all read as men and that style of reading was our theory. Literary feminism tried to awaken a sense of the value of the feminine by promoting a revaluation of the image of women in literature (Madsen 16).

Some feminist critics celebrated the biological difference and considered it a source of positive values which women could nurture both in their everyday lives and in works of art and literature (Carter 93). Another area of debate has been the question of whether white women and men perceive the world in the same ways and differently to black women (94).

Most of the second wave U.S. feminists, particularly the radical cultural feminists and care-focused feminists among them, stressed the degree to which qualities such as autonomy, rationality, physical strength, and fairness or justice are associated with masculinity, whereas qualities such as connectedness to others, emotionality, physical weakness, and caring were associated with

femininity (Tong 201). Second wave feminist theorists largely ignored women’s differences. They wrote as if all women were white, middle-class, heterosexual, and well educated. Many feminist theorists, particularly liberal feminists, want to prove that women are men’s full equals; they stressed women’s sameness to each other as well as women’s sameness to men (204).

The second wave of feminism in America did little to recognize the interdependence of racism and sexism as symptomatic of a culture of oppression.

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Coloured women were excluded from positions of public influence in both the black male-dominated Civil Rights movement and the Women’s Movement which was dominated by white women (Madsen 215).

Another stage of feminism is the third wave. Third wave feminists are particularly eager to understand how gender oppression and other kinds of human oppression co-create and co-maintain each other (Tong 284). For third wave feminists, difference is the way things are. Moreover, contradiction, including self-contradiction, is expected and even willingly welcomed by third-wave feminists. In fact, two leading third wave feminists, Leslie Heywood and Jennifer Drake, commented that:

Even as different strains of feminism and activism sometimes directly contradict each other, they are all part of our third-wave lives, our thinking, and our praxes: we are products of all the contradictory definitions of and differences within feminism, beasts of such a hybrid kind that perhaps we need a different name altogether (285).

Third wave feminists note that U.S. society is already increasingly comfortable with people who are multiracial and multiethnic who have

transcended the boundaries of any one race or one ethnicity. Doing feminism as a third wave feminist is very challenging in a global context, where women in developing nations interact with women in developed nations (286). In addition to being open to women’s different social, economic, political, and cultural

differences, third wave feminist are open to women’s sexual differences. In contrast to most second wave feminists, third wave feminists are less prescriptive about what counts as good sex for women (287).

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Third wave feminists are shaping a new kind of feminism that is not so much interested in getting women to want what they should want, as in responding to what women say they want and not second-guessing or judging whether their wants are authentic or inauthentic. Walker stressed that they seek to create identities that accommodate ambiguity and multiple positionalities (288). According to feminist critics of third wave feminism, this new form of feminist thought needs a list of core values which an agenda that rallies women to ally themselves with a goal that goes beyond just being oneself, doing what one wants to do, or being a person whose identity is almost overwhelmingly hyphenated and multicultural (289).

By giving the literary review above, this study intends to apply the theory in examining character of Claire Turner especially her struggle. The writer prefers to utilize the first wave of feminism theory to analyze how struggle of Claire Turner which influenced by her social life, how her employer’s family thinking about Claire’s life in the past becomes a system of oppression for Claire and how she struggle along with it in the novel written by Susan Wiggs entitled The

Summer Hideaway.

2.2. Review of Related Studies

This analysis is based on the previous analysis which has been done earlier. A study about the character of Agnes Grey in Anne Bronte’s novel Agnes Grey has been written in 2014 by Nuwailah Rochmah Rufqoti from State Islamic University Sunan Ampel Surabaya under the title The Woman Struggle of being a

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struggle depicted by the character of Agnes Grey. It has two objectives. First is to explain the motive that leads Agnes Grey to be a governess. Second is to reveal the struggle of Agnes Grey to face the oppression from her employers within her being of governess depicted in the novel. In her analysis, she uses Marxist-Feminism theory which studies about woman struggle.

Another study comes from Angelia Veranda (2005), the student of Petra Christian University Surabaya who wrote down her thesis under the title A Study of a Woman’s Struggles revealed in the Character Han in Reaching Her Goals among Her Male-dominated World and the Idea of Power Feminism and Victim

Feminism reflected in those Struggles as seen in Catherine Lim’s The Bondmaid.

This thesis has two objectives. She tries to find out the way Han struggles to reach what she wants and the idea of power feminism and victim feminism as reflected in her struggles. In her analysis, she uses theory of feminism, especially from the point of view of victim feminism and power feminism.

Similar to that previous research, this study also chooses feminism as the theory. The difference between this study and two previous studies is that this study focuses on the character of Claire Turner in Susan Wiggs’ The Summer

Hideaway as the main object to analyze. This study concerns about the woman

struggle depicted by the character of Claire Turner and the writer intends to use the first wave of feminism theory in this study.

20 CHAPTER III

ANALYSIS

This chapter tries to answer in detail some problems in this study. The writer wants to analyze the depiction of woman struggle as seen through Claire character. First is by examining on her character, the writer hopes to gain profound knowledge about the character of Claire clearly. After having fundamental background of Claire’s character, then through studying her

characterization more intensely is intended to reveal her way of struggle. Second is by revealing the motive that leads Claire Turner to be a private nurse. Third is by revealing Claire’s struggle to face the oppression from the family members of her employer within her being of private nurse.

3.1. Claire Character’s Characterization in Susan Wiggs’ The Summer Hideaway

Claire Turner is a character of a woman who does not have parents. Her mother died when she was a child. She died because she got shot when transacting drug. She is a severe addict. She died when Claire was ten years old.

. . . She wasn’t a bad person, but a bad addict, shot during a drug deal gone wrong on Newark’s South Orange Avenue and leaving behind a quiet ten-year-old daughter. (Wiggs 10)

Claire does not have a lot of stories about her family. Her father left his family. He left Claire and her mother. Claire’s mother is a single child. She never tells about her parents. She tell that Claire’s grandfather and grandmother is does not exist. She just lives with her mother.

He had no idea. Her mother had been an only child, and had virtually nothing to say about her parents. Claire remembered asking her mother

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about this once. She’d been in third grade, and had brought home a flyer from school about Grandparents’ Day.

“Not going to happen, baby girl,” her mother had said, tossing the flyer in the kitchen garbage. “Like I always tell you, your grandparents aren’t around. It’s just you and me against the world.” It was the only explanation Claire would ever get. (Wiggs 61)

Her life was changed by the care system of foster parents. He gets foster parents several times. She gets care system of foster parents until the age of sixteen. Then, she lives alone.

From the day she’d entered the foster care system until she was sixteen, the program had worked for Clarissa Tancredi. Thanks to the compassion and dedication of her case worker, Clarissa was cared for by families that enriched her life. (Wiggs 97)

She didn’t get asked about the topic. Didn’t let anyone get close enough to ask. “My mother died when I was young. I had a series of foster parents, and have been on my own since…high school.” (Wiggs 61)

Claire who her full name is Claire Turner is depicted as a young beautiful woman and bright woman. The attractiveness and the intelligence inside her make the people are interested to herself. George, her employer, is one of the people around her who interested to Claire. Moreover, George hopes Claire can establish a relationship with his grandson named Ross.

“You are really quite a lovely young woman,” he told her. “Ross is going to like you enormously.” (Wiggs 29)

“Why? She’s lovely, intelligent, soft-spoken—”

“Whoa. I’m here for you, okay? Can you just please remember that?” “As you wish. I do want you and Claire to get along, though. She’s not going anywhere, so you’d best plan to make an effort.” (Wiggs 32) Their interest in Claire not only because of the beauty and the intelligence of Claire, but also because of Claire is figure of a simple woman. It can be seen from her way to wear dress when having dinner with George.

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“For dinner, she dressed in a beige matte jersey sheath and midheeled shoes, just a touch of makeup, her hair swept to the side and fastened with a celluloid tortoiseshell comb. It was not glamorous. It was . . .

nondescript” (Wiggs 28)

From the quotation above, it can be seen that Claire does not want to stand out as most women do. She does not want like another woman who are trying to make herself look more beautiful at certain time such as when Claire having dinner with George.

Behind its simplicity, Claire is closed woman. She covers up about personal matter. The real personal is hidden deep inside. She hides it well. In any work, she never tells who she really is. It makes her employer try to find out who exactly Claire is.

“I’ve never been able to resist a woman of mystery,” he declared. “I’ll find out of it kills me. It might just kill me.” His amusement wasn’t necessarily a bad thing. Humor bad its uses, even in this situation.

“You have better things to do with your time than pry into my life,

George. I’d rather hear about you, anyway. This summer is all about you.” (Wiggs 15)

Everyone try to see through her, try to identify Claire’s personal. It is also done by Ross, grandson of Claire’s employer. Ross wonder who exactly Claire. However, he does not seek information by himself. Ross believes that someday Claire will show the real personal by herself.

“I’m going to make a prediction,” he said. “One of these days, you’ll show me who you truly are.” (Wiggs 62)

Besides Claire is closed woman, she is figure of paranoid woman. That is why Claire hides her original personal to the people who she does not know. She is very cautious if going to do an action or make a decision. She always pay

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attention to the environment around her, make sure the situation and the condition is safe.

. . . Not that she was paranoid, or—wait, she was. But she had her reasons. There was no place that ever felt truly safe to her. (Wiggs 10)

Another paranoid habit of Claire is checking to see whether she is

attracting attention and consider the option to run away if she feels there are signs of trouble.

Although Claire has closed personal and paranoid, she is optimistic woman. She always try to convince the people who closest to herself that nothing impossible in this world. She believes that what she wants to do will be successful and there will be no failure. As she do to George. Claire tells to George that he must believe about the meeting with his brother who has not met for a long time will be realized.

“. . . you can see about contacting your brother.” George looked away. “Suppose he refuses to see me.”

“Then at least you’ll know you tried. And honestly, that seems unlikely.” She gestured at the oldest photo of George and his brother with their parents. “There’s a foundation of love. That’s how it looks to me.” (Wiggs 38)

From the analysis above, it can be conclude that Claire character’s

characterization described as an orphan who does not have parents since she was a child and getting the care system of foster parents for several times. Then, she lives alone. She described as a young beautiful woman and bright woman who can make the people interested to her. She is figure of a simple woman also. Besides, she is closed woman and paranoid woman. Nevertheless, Claire is figure of an optimistic woman.

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3.2. The Motive that Leads Claire Turner to be A Private Nurse

Claire becomes a private nurse after graduating from nursing school. She does this job during five years. She starts it immediately after nursing school, as the following conversation:

“You’re younger than I pictured you,” said Ivy. “Have you been doing this kind of nursing for long?”

“Five years,” Claire said. “I started right out of nursing school.” (Wiggs 72)

She find this field when she was doing practical training. It is easy to be interested in the field that really gives satisfaction such as taking care of babies, clinical work, the emergency room, taking care to the people and send them back to their lives in better condition. Claire looked deeper to this work and realizes that nursing is a profession that has a lot of nuances. There are many ways to help the people. She likes this specific field.

Take the decision to be a private nurse is a job that is perfectly suited to Claire. She loves this job. She likes taking care of people. This kind of work is meaningful work that must be done well and with full of love. She love her patients with full of heart.

“You most certainly are,” he said. “Your career, for example. I find it a fascinating choice for a young woman. How did you get into this line of work, anyway?”

She had a ready answer. “I’ve always liked taking care of people.” (Wiggs 15)

Claire understands with the duty of a private nurse. It is not easy to be done but she can give professional treatment with full of love. She works for terminal patients. They are people who suffer from an incurable disease, a disease

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that is deadly, they were already dying. As the work that she do now, Claire become private nurse of George, an old man who suffered fatal cancer.

Claire loves those patients who getting her treatment. She gives the best treatment to her patient and makes them feel comfort. She broken heart when lose them but she know that live must go on.

. . . “I love them for as long as they have. And then I let them go and move on.” (Wiggs 62)

In doing the work taking care for people who getting serious disease, Claire get a lot of experience and worth lessons. Some of kindness or their wisdom can be a grip. She learns about human spirit and how much it can save in the heart. Dying is not the worst possible thing that can happen to a person. Failing to life is worse.

Claire learns that help does not always mean curing. Sometimes it means doing anything that make the patients feel comfortable and able to face the end of their life.

The analysis above explains that Claire make a decision to be a private nurse is because she like and love this profession. It is suitable for her. She likes taking care for people. She gives her treatment to patients with her own way, with full of love and try to do the best.

On the other side, Claire makes a decision to be a private nurse is because she can hide and run. Through this work, she cans life from one work to the other. That is one reason she work only with terminally ill.

Which Claire would she show him, this kindly, doomed old man? The star nursing student? The single woman who kept no possessions, who lived her life from job to job? She wondered if he would see through her,

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recognizing the rootless individual hiding behind the thin veneer of a made-up life. Occasionally one of her patients discerned something just a bit off with her.

Which was one reason she worked only with the terminally ill. A grim rationale, but at least she didn’t fool herself about it (Wiggs 15)

Claire’s life continuously separated with others. She always moves from one place to another place and clear up the trace. She almost never stays in touch with the family of former patients. She has been so succeeded in making herself anonymous. No one is able to see herself more inside.

The situation that make Claire hide is because she get oppression in the previous life. It begins when her foster father, Vance Jordan, want to kill Claire. She feels afraid and feels not secure when she knows that problem. Then, she decides to get out of their home. The circumstance of Claire’s life is match with Evan’s statement that the pressures on most women are building up because of job and home (qtd. in Madsen 8).

Claire hiding since she was seventeen years old. She sees a crime that forces her to hide. She sees the double murder. Vance, Claire’s foster father, kill her foster brothers named Mario and Joseph Balzano. She afraid knowing that accident and decide to hides because Vance wants to kill her also.

“There’s a guy who’s out to kill me. I’ve been hiding from him since I was seventeen. I think he might be behind the attack on Mel.”

“Whoa, hang on. Some guy wants to kill you?”

“Because of what I saw. Because of what Clarissa Tancredi saw.” “And what was that?”

“A double murder.” (Wiggs 97)

The accident happens in one night. She sees three men halfway down the block. Vance Jordan herding Mario and Joseph Balzano into an adjacent alley. Then, Claire hears the sound of exploding and Joseph Balzano fall to the

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pavement damp. Vance cannot kill them simultaneously. He shot these two boys one by one. So that Mario fights back but a second later, he also becomes a corpse as her brother.

The thing about killing two people was that you could only do one at a time. Mario fought back. He had a knife, maybe a utility knife. But it didn’t matter. A second later, he was as still as his brother. She nearly passed out, trying to keep from making a sound. A thousand screams and sobs were trapped in her chest, clawing to get out. He’d shot the boys, one and then the other, with no more emotion than if he’d been swatting a fly. (Wiggs 98)

Actually, they want to go to a substation in a South Ward neighborhood for an internal affairs officer who will help them do the right thing. Claire misses the bus. She calls her brother to say that she will be late to the meeting. When she arrived, it was nearly dark. She thinks that she had missed the meeting at first but something was happen outside of her thought at that time.

Mario and Joseph Balzano know that Vance having an affair with his partner at work. She is a junior detective named Ava Snyder. These two boys tell to Claire not long after she live with them. They see Vance sneaking around with his partner. They tell and explain it to Vance’s wife named Teresa Jordan but she cannot report the violations of her husband because she loves him too much. So that Teresa gives the address of a substation in South Ward. They go to there but they are not lucky. Vance come that place and there are happens a terrible accident. That is why Vance kills the boys and wants to kill Claire too.

Claire very terrified and still so shocked after see that accident. She cannot think what she should do. She try to call emergency call—nine-one-one. She

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wants to tell them that she saw a murder just now. However, she consider again about the information which is she want to tell to the police.

“Nine-one-one, what’s your emergency?”

Another thing that stopped working—her voice. She felt as though she was being strangled.

“Hello? What’s your emergency?”

She found her voice, formed words she never dreamed she’d be speaking: “I just saw a murder. Two boys—Mario and Jo-Jo Balzano. He . . . he killed them.” She’d watched enough crime shows on TV to know this was an open-and-shut case. She knew the killer. She had a piece of physical evidence.

“Are you safe?”

“No . . . yes . . . I guess, for now. Please . . .” “What’s your name?”

Something kept her from saying it. “He . . . I saw who did it.” “Can you tell me his name?”

“It was Vance Jordan.”

There was a pause, pulsing with disbelief. Then the dispatcher said, “Could you repeat that, please?”

Clarissa hit End. It should have been a simple matter to make a statement to the police. Instead it began a long nightmare that had no end. (Wiggs 98)

Claire very confused and panic to think what she should do now. She thinks to go home at first but home is where the murderer lives. She forces herself to think the way out. A few minutes later, she gets a call from unknown caller. The call is from Vance Jordan. Claire belief that Vance knows her call from the police just now. He asks Claire to go home and tell the accident that happen before does not like what she had seen. He tell that the criminal gangster have killed those boys but Claire know that Vance lie.

A few minutes later, her phone vibrated—Caller Unknown. Now what?NowwhatNowwhat? The words bounced around in random panic. Her first instinct was to go home. But home was where the killer lived. She forced herself to think things through.

It occurred to her that the call from her mobile phone had been recorded. She knew this for certain when the next call came in from Vance Jordan. The dispatcher must have alerted him. “Clarissa, let’s talk.” His voice

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sounded the same as it always did. Calm. Fatherly. “It’s not what you think.”

“I’m not thinking anything. I know what happened.”

“Kiddo. You’ve got it wrong. What happened is this—some lowlife dealer popped those boys. I’m sure the scumbag’ll be arrested tonight, and all be over tomorrow.”

“That’s a lie,” she said. “I saw, and I can prove it” (Wiggs 98)

Claire realizes that she cannot tell the truth to the police. She cannot prove it because Vance Jordan is a police detective who was a golden boy in the police department which is surrounded by layers of allies. The entire police departments are on his side.

“You can’t prove shit, girlie. And the entire department’s on my side. Hell, I play golf with the other general assignment detectives. I’m the fucking godfather of the primary investigator’s firstborn, and the duty sergeants report to me.” (Wiggs 98)

Claire thinks hard where to go to ask for help. She calls the social worker to tell her story. They told her to calm down and promise to meet. Claire waiting for their arrival but they are never getting to the meeting place. Then, she

remembers to Melvin Reno. He is a retired federal marshal who dedicated his life to looking after people like Claire. He help witnesses who hiding or running from something too big to handle on their own. Mel is an expert to change identity and documentation. He absolutely committed to helping people who trap in the shadow world of anonymity. When Claire comes to him with desperation, Mel gives her a complete security. It includes a name borrowed from a dead person, a new personal history and legitimate documentation.

All new paper on her was official—birth certificate, driver’s license, social security card. Thanks to Mel, she had been reborn and given a chance at a new life. (Wiggs 21)

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Claire very happy because Mel wants to listen her story until he explains her fate. He believes every world she told him. Then, he tells to Claire that she must disappear.

Claire Turner is a new name of Clarissa Tancredi. The girl named Clarissa disappears on a Sunday morning. She reborn the next day in the alley behind a bar. She dumps all of her existence and become the girl with a truly new history. She changes her appearance. Her long hair had been cropped and colored black and her braces removed with needle-nose pliers. Besides changing the cut and the color of her hair, fashion style, act and talk, losing weight is a key element of disguising her personal. Clarissa Tancredi must disappear forever. She disappears without a trace.

“Believe me, I want to sample everything,” she admitted. “I can’t, though, I, um, used to have a pretty bad weight problem. I really have to watch every single thing I put in my mouth.” (Wiggs 17)

. . . Within weeks of School Picture Day, that girl had ceased to exist. The long hair had been cropped and dyed black. The braces were removed with a pair of needle-nose pliers in a ladies’ room on the Jersey Turnpike. (Wiggs 28)

Clarissa Tancredi gets the name of Claire Turner from someone who has died twenty five years ago. She takes Claire’s identity when she begins hiding. Mel put the phony gravestone of Clarissa to tell that Clarissa was gone forever. This can be seen through Ross and Claire conversation when she tells her life.

She scrolled sideways to another paver marked “Clarissa Tancredi. D. 2001.” It always freaked her out, seeing it etched into a gravestone. “And who’s that?” he asked.

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Clarissa Tancredi must disappear forever. Actually, she wants to tell the truth to the police at that time but she very afraid to do anything about it. She cannot do anything because she knows that Vance is the golden boy in police department. They will not believe to what Clarissa say. Mel also tells her that she will get a terrible risk if she conveys the evidence and give a statement. Public prosecutor is difficult to protect witnesses, particularly if the suspect is a police.

. . . If she produced the evidence and gave a statement, she’d be exposing herself to a terrible risk, possibly for no reason. Public prosecutors had difficulty protecting witnesses, particularly when the suspect was a cop. There was no staff or dedicated financing for witness protection. Sometimes a program could be cobbled together with a combination of petty cash, drug forfeiture money and general operating revenues. Sometimes relocation worked. But in a case like Claire’s, she’d never make it long enough to testify. Mel felt sure of this. (Wiggs 99) From the explanation above, it can be seen that Clarissa does not get justice and chance to do what she must do and telling the truth. It is because she gets any oppression from her foster father. Besides the government does not support to give any chance and protect the witnesses. In fact, feminism examines the roles of women in society and advocates for women’s rights and opportunities (Gillespie 110). Islam also teaches that women must get protection and affection, especially for an orphan like Claire. They must be guarded, not to hurt (Q. S. An-Nisa 36).

However, Quran statement does not compatible with Claire’s life. She gets any oppression from her family. When Claire placed with Jordan’s family, she expects to get peacefulness and security of a good family life. Claire and her two brothers love Vance. They idolize him. They dreaming of one day being detective like him. Then, there was happen an accident at one night. It makes anything

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change. She believes to Vance at that time but not to now. It just makes Claire horrify.

From the analysis above, it can be revealing that the motive which leads Claire Turner to be a private nurse is fundamentally rooted from her. She love and enjoy this profession. She likes to taking care of people and gives her treatment to them with compassion. Therefore, she basically chooses to be a private nurse because this profession is her passion. Another reason is she can run and hide through this work. She can move from one work to another work because her patient is the people who suffer from terminally ill. Claire taking care to them as long as they life and losing them when their die. She actually broken heart when she losing them but she get a lot of precious lessons. She run and hides because her foster father wants to kill her. He wants to do it because Claire knows that her foster father having an affair with her partner at work. So that he look for Claire and will kill her. The spirit of feminism in this analysis is seen from Claire’s struggle in facing the problem by herself who get oppression from her foster father.

3.3. The Struggle of Claire Turner to Face the Oppression from the Family Members of her Employer within her Being of Private Nurse

The struggle of Claire Turner does not end yet. After having difficult effort to run and hide from her foster parents, especially her foster father then she has to struggle a lot again within her being of private nurse. Private Nurse’s duty

comprises anything which contributes to the comfort, either physical or mental of the patient (Miller 476). Their responsibilities are so great that only those rare

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natures that are made up of pluck, endurance, devotion to duty and invincible determination and combined with a love for their work (477).

Based on the explanation above, private nurse become Claire’s choice for her career. Unfortunately the decision of choosing this job makes Claire has to deal with new problem. She is often oppressed by the family members of her employer. She always disrespected and treated badly by them. It is because influenced by social problem as what happen in Claire’s life.

Claire becomes a private nurse for five years. She begins to enter this profession after she is graduating from nursing school directly. She meets any kinds of patients. Now, she works to take care of a patient who suffers from fatal cancer. Her patient is an old man named George Bellamy. He is a rich man. Bellamy family has much money.

In his stylish pressed slacks and golf shirt, he looked like any well-heeled gentleman heading away from the city for a few weeks. (Wiggs 10) The Bellamys were made of money. (Wiggs 12)

As a private nurse for the terminally ill, Claire meets any kinds of people and their families. Even though her focus is the patient, they always come with the whole of family. She had not met anyone of George’s family; his sons and their families live far away. For the time being, it just Claire and George.

As a private-duty nurse specializing in palliative care for the terminally ill, she met all kinds of people—and their families. Though her focus was the patient, he always came with a whole host of relatives. She hadn’t met any of George’s family yet; his sons and their families lived far away. For the time being, it was just her and George. (Wiggs 10)

George decided to stop the medicinal treatment and doing some list of things what he wants to do before he dies. One of his lists is going back to Camp

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Kioga. It is a beautiful place where George having vacation during the summer when he was a child. George has a lot of memories in that place and there is one reason why he wants to go there. The reason is he wants to repair relation with his brother who disconnected since fifty years ago. Then, he decided to leave his penthouse in Manhattan and goes to small town named Avalon. There was Camp Kioga, near Willow Lake. He goes to there with Claire Turner.

People’s end-of-life experiences often involved a journey, and it was usually to a place they were intimately connected with. Sometimes it was where their story began, or where a turning point in life occurred. It might be a search for comfort and safety. Other times it was just the opposite; a place where there was unfinished business to be dealt with. What this sleepy town by Willow Lake was to George Bellamy remained to be seen. (Wiggs 11)

Claire and George really enjoyed their journey. They see beautiful sceneries. The scenery more beautiful and the countryside more bucolic when they go to northwest toward the Catskills Wilderness, a vast preserve with hills, river flow and forests. This small town also near Willow Lake. Claire curious to know about the town which is seems very meaningful to her patient so that she drives the car faster.

. . . She accelerated, curious about the town that seemed to mean so much to her client. (Wiggs 11)

Claire does not realize what she does was make the police chase her. She knows the police car chase him from the rearview mirror of his car and a few seconds later she hear the sirens of the police car. She is very scared and remembers to the accident in the past which involve the police.

No sooner had the thought occurred to her than a blue-white flash of light battered the van’s rearview mirror. A split second later came the warning blip of a siren.

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Claire felt a sudden frost come over her. The tips of her fingernails chilled and all the color drained from her face; she could feel the old terror coming on with sudden swiftness. She battled a mad impulse to floor the accelerator and race away in the cumbersome van. (Wiggs 11)

Claire also does not realize that she has been driving the car fast. She does not remove her foot from the accelerator. It is because Claire so panic. George tells her to stop driving car fast. Then Claire stops it and brings the car pulled over.

George must have read her mind—or her body language. “A car chase is not on my list,” he said.

“What?” Flushed and sweating, she eased her foot off the accelerator. “A car chase,” he said, enunciating clearly. “Not on my list. I can die happy without the car chase.”

“I’m totally pulling over,” she said. “Do you see me pulling over?” She hoped he couldn’t detect the tremor in her voice. (Wiggs 11)

George knows Claire’s voice is tremble. She feels anxious and scared. Her throat and her chest feel tight, her heart palpitate. She stopped on the gravel verge and put the car in park. George takes the money from his pocket. He suspects the police looking for a bribe. However, it is not as George’s thought. They are not looking for a bribe. Claire asks him to put away his money and George does it. They wait for the police to come to them for a long time. George tells Claire it is because the police are checking the vehicle records to see if there is an alert on their car.

The police come to George and Claire shortly afterwards. The badge identified him as Rayburn Tolley, Avalon PD. He asks them to show driver license and registration. Claire gives her driver license with trembling and gives the folder of the car. She still very scared to meet the police. She is anxious and agitated. Then, Officer Tolley tells her mistake is she driving at excessive speed.

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“License and registration,” he said. It was not a barked order but a calm imperative.

Her fingers felt bloodless as she handed over her driver’s license.

Although it was entirely legitimate, even down to the reflective watermark and the organ donor information on the back, she held her breath as the cop scrutinized it. He wore a badge identifying him as Rayburn Tolley, Avalon PD. George passed her the folder containing the van’s rental documents, and she handed that over, too.

Claire bit the inside of her lip and wished she hadn’t come here. This was a mistake.

“What’s the trouble?” she asked Officer Tolley, dismayed by the

nervousness in her voice. No matter how much time had passed, no matter how often she exposed herself to cops, she could never get past her fear of them. Sometimes even a school crossing guard struck terror in her.

He scowled pointedly at her hand, which was trembling. “You tell me.” “I’m nervous,” she admitted. She had learned over the years to tell the truth whenever possible. It made the lies easier. “Call me crazy, but it makes me nervous when I get pulled over.”

“Ma’am, you were speeding.” (Wiggs 11)

Claire does not realize that she was speeding. The police ask them where they want to go. George tells him that they want to go to Camp Kioga. He

explains if Claire was speeding, it is because of him. George wants to arrive there soon. The police feel he know this old man. He knows this old man is George Bellamy. Therefore, the police ask Claire to go out from their car and investigate her.

“Where are you headed?” he demanded.

“To a place called Camp Kioga, on Willow Lake,” said George, “and if she was speeding, the fault is mine. I’m impatient, not to mention a distraction.”

Officer Tolley bent slightly and peered across the front seat to the passenger side. “And you are . . . ?”

“Beginning to feel harassed by you.” George sounded righteously indignant.

“You wouldn’t happen to be George Bellamy, would you?” asked Tolley. “Indeed I am,” George said, “but how did you—”

“In that case, ma’am,” the cop said, returning his attention to Claire, “I need to ask you to step out of the vehicle. Keep your hands where I can see them.” (Wiggs 11)

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Officer Tolley is suspicious to Claire. He thinks Claire kidnapped George. He gets a call from police department about them. The call is from George’s daughter in law named Alice Bellamy. Claire knows Bellamy’s family have much money. Perhaps Alice thinks there was something wrong with Claire. Bellamy’s family has extremely worried about George.

. . . “There was a call to the station about you and Miss . . .” He consulted the license, which was still clipped to his board. “Turner. The call was from a family member.” He glanced at a printout the size of a cash register receipt on the clipboard. “Alice Bellamy,” he said. “One of my daughters-in-law,” he said, a note apology in his voice. “Sir, your family is extremely worried about you,” said the cop. . . She forced herself to keep her chin up, to pretend everything was fine. “Is that a crime around here?” she asked. “To have a worried family?” “It’s more than worry.” . . . “Mr. Bellamy’s family has some serious concerns about you.”

She swallowed hard. The Bellamys were made of money. Maybe the daughter-in-law had ordered a deep and thorough background check. Maybe that check had uncovered some irregularity, something about Claire’s past that didn’t quite add up.

“What kind of concerns?” she asked, dry-mouthed, consumed by terror now.

“Oh, let me guess,” George suggested with a blast of laughter. “My family thinks I’ve been kidnapped.” (Wiggs 12)

Claire is often getting oppression in many ways. The statement and the conversation above is one proof of oppression experienced by Claire. Fortunately, George helps her to give the explanation to the police. Although George is a rich old man, he believes Claire.

George seemed unperturbed by the encounter with the cop. He had politely pointed out that it was a free country, and just because certain family members were worried didn’t mean any laws had been broken. Officer Tolley had asked a number of questions, but to Claire’s relief, most of them were directed at George. The old man’s no-nonsense replies had won the day. “Young man,” he’d said. “Much as I would enjoy being held captive by an attractive woman, it’s not the case.” (Wiggs 15)

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George’s family seems does not like Claire. It can be seen from the meeting with the police just now. Actually, she does not care about that. She just needs to pay attention to George because George is her client. However, it will be better if the family support this situation because the family can make the situation difficult. George’s family thinks that Claire is not right for George.

“My family thinks you’re not right for me.”

“I guessed that when they called the police on us. Maybe I’m not right. We’ll see.” (Wiggs 15)

Alice’s suspicion make George’s grandson worry with George’s condition. His name is Ross Bellamy. He gets the news from Alice’s daughter. She is Ross’s cousin who named Ivy. She tells Ross that George was kidnapped. Ross very shocked to know about that.

“She did what?” Ross practically shouted into the borrowed mobile phone. “Sorry, we have a terrible connection,” said his cousin Ivy, speaking to him from her home in Santa Barbara, where it was eleven and a half hours earlier. “She kidnapped Granddad.” (Wiggs 13)

Ivy says that George hires a private nurse who wrong through online sites. She think the private nurse kidnapped George and take him to hiding place in Ulster County. She knows this thing from her mother.

“Kidnapped?” The loaded word snagged the attention of the others in the

waiting room. He waved his hand, a nonverbal signal that all was well, and turned away from the prying eyes.

“You heard me,” Ivy said. “According to my mother, he hired some sketchy home health care worker off of Craigslist, and she kidnapped him and took him to some remote mountain hideaway up in Ulster County.” (Wiggs 13)

Ross feels more anxious and shocked to know what happen to his grandfather. He angry and dislike the private nurse. Moreover, according to his mother, ivy and ivy’s mother, she just wants to take George’s money.

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“So you are telling me he’s headed upstate with some sketchy woman who is…who, again?” he asked.

“Her name is Claire Turner. Claims to be some kind of nurse or home health worker. My mom—and yours, too, I’m sure—thinks she’s after his money. (Wiggs 13)

This is another oppression that must be faced by Claire. Although she does not meet George’s family yet, they do not like her. They think Claire does not right for George. Moreover, they suspect that Claire just want to take George’s money.

Ross goes to Camp Kioga directly after he comes back from his duty as a soldier in Afganistan. Ross looks for George around the room. He looks at the people who was eating and look at the people who were dancing. Ross is shocked when he looks George dancing with a woman. He is very emotional. He wants to get rid of the woman from George. He tried to control his emotion but he still does it.

“I got here as fast as I could. My mother says you hired some phony tart who’s going to fleece you bare.” (Wiggs 31)

The conversation above shows that Ross does not like Claire. He mocks her directly in front of Claire. Although Ross gives not warm greeting to Claire in their first meeting, Claire ignore it. He still gives greeting to Ross.

“Miss Turner, this is my grandson, Ross Bellamy.” “Delighted,” she said. (Wiggs 31)

Claire also gives time to George and Ross to talk. With her friendliness, she let them go out and she manages everything on the room.

“Pardon me,” Ross said. “I’m going to have a word with my grandfather.” “Of course,” she said. “Why don’t you go to the bar where it’s quiet. I’ll settle things here.” (Wiggs 31)

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The first meeting between Claire and Ross Bellamy is the beginning Claire gets oppression from him. She always gets insult from him. Claire often gets oppression from Ross in many ways.

Ross always disapproves Claire’s statement when they talk about disease which suffers George. He does not believe with Claire. He shows that he really hates Claire through his utterance.

“Is that your medical opinion?” Ross asked. “Or personal?”

“Medical,” she said. “I’ve spent hours familiarizing myself with his case.” “His case. Yeah, I guess he’s just a case to you.” (Wiggs 33)

Although Ross’s utterance is seemed hurt Claire but she ignore it again. She answers it with give the explanation about George. She explains what should be do for George calmly. She gives understanding to Ross.

“He’s a man who needs me. He needs you, too, and all those who love him. George deserves to find a sense of peace and closure. As horrible as this is, there will be unexpected gifts, too. Not everybody gets a time like this—to spend or waste however he likes. For some people, everything is snatched away in an instant.” She stopped, wondering if she’d revealed too much of herself in that statement. (Wiggs 33)

Ross also feels annoyed when they talk about the dance that has been done by Claire and George. He asks to Claire sarcastically whether dancing is one of George’s treatments. He is so angry but Claire answers his question clearly.

“So where does the dancing come in? Is that part of my grandfather’s treatment, dancing in restaurants? What the hell was that about, Nurse Turner?”

“It was about taking care of my patient. He said he always wanted to dance.” (Wiggs 34)

Claire always answers Ross’s questions with polite language. She explain the best way to help his grandfather is make him happy as much as possible. He must understand his grandfather. He must accept George’s decision to spend the

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rest of his life in Camp Kioga. Ross can support George to do everything what he want.

Ross always opposed Claire’s statements. He cannot believe in Claire. He feels there is something wrong with Claire. Therefore, he asks to her friend to find out anything about Claire Turner.

“Do me a favor.” “Anything.”

“When you get back to the city, see what you can find out about Nurse Claire Turner.” (Wiggs 36)

Claire get bad treated from Ross again. Although he tries to talk politely but it still underestimate. It can be seen when Claire offer a cup of coffee to Ross in the morning. Claire tries to be nice for him. However, she understands. Then, she leaves Ross and George.

. . . “Good Morning,” she said, speaking in a neutral, well-modulated voice. . .

“More coffee?” she offered.

He shook his head. “Thanks, I had some earlier. Just came by to see my grandfather and figure out what the plan is for the day.” He tried to sound polite but dismissive.

She clearly got it. “I’ll leave the two of you alone, then.” She handed George a small paper cup of pills, which he washed down with orange juice. “Can I get you anything else, George?” (Wiggs 37)

Claire and Ross always are in contradiction. Starting from George’s treatment, George’s decision to leave her home and going to Camp Kioga to repair his relation with his brother and about the list of his activity that he want to do in the rest of his life such as dancing and skydiving. Ross accuses Claire that all of George’s activity is the effect of Claire. Those ideas are coming from Claire.

“Skydiving,” Granddad insisted. “Nothing else will do. I want the freedom. The long fall. What are you afraid of, Ross? That I’ll get hurt? That I’ll die?” He leaned back, folded his hands behind his head. “Look at

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it this way. If the skydiving kills me, you won’t need to worry about helping me with anything else on my list.”

“The list is bullshit. It was your idea,” Ross accused Claire. (Wiggs 46) Claire does not give up with all of her contradictions with Ross. She struggles to make him believe in her way to take care his grandfather. She ever relents and supports Ross to persuade his grandfather back to the treatment in the city.

Claire flushed. “Ross is very concerned about you. He wants you to go back to the city. He wants you to keep pursuing treatment.”

Ross looked startled; clearly he’d been regarding her as the enemy. “It’s true, Granddad,” he said. “I want you to fight this thing.” (Wiggs 46) A few moments later, they have not contradiction again. Claire succeeds in making Ross receive the condition of his grandfather. He understands and does anything what George wants to do. He gives bad attitude to Claire all day. He was torn between feeling grateful for her compassion toward his grandfather and annoyed with her insistence on letting his grandfather choose to forego treatment for his illness.

Nevertheless, Claire and Ross sometimes still cannot have the same destination but it is does not like when they are meet at first. Claire’s struggle is seem successful when Ross interested to Claire. It is because Claire is polite woman, friendly and soft spoken. Ross begins to like her. As time goes by, he began to accept the existence of Claire. It can be seen when Ross invite Claire to go out to eat.

“Let’s go grab something to eat,” he suggested. “We could go to the lodge.”

“I have a better idea,” Ross said, and took out his car keys. “Don’t worry, we won’t go far.”

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hired by an employer but then the family treated her badly in oppressive ways. Deliberating from that oppression, it can be claims that this is the evidence of first wave of feminism as one of the sources of women’s oppression because of social reform.

CHAPTER IV

CONCLUSION

Claire Turner is a woman of the main character in the novel that appears from the beginning to the end to narrate all the experiences she has. She is described as a young beautiful woman and bright woman who can make the people interested in her. She is a figure of a simple woman also. Besides, she is closed woman and paranoid woman. Nevertheless, Claire is a figure of an optimistic woman. Her life is very terrible. She does not have parents. Then, she gets the care system of foster parents until the age of sixteen. She lives by herself after adopted by Jordan’s family. They love Claire too much but one day

everything change. Claire feels there is something wrong in Jordan’s family. She sees a double murder which has been done by her foster father. Being aware of this situation, Claire decided to go out from her foster parents’ home and hiding from them.

The struggle depicted by the character of Claire Turner in the novel is performed in her survival within her being of private nurse. She has to face some problems in her work. Through the deeper analysis, the writer reveals the motive that leads Claire Turner to be a private nurse is for two reasons. The first reason is Claire is really like this work. This profession is suitable for her. She begins to work as a private nurse after she is graduating from nursing school directly. She wants to help people who suffer terminally ill. Claire gives her treatment to her patient with compassion. Through this work, she gets a lot of precious lessons. That is the reason why Claire loving this profession.

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The second reason of the motive that leads Claire Turner to be a private nurse is because she hiding from a person. She run and hides from her foster father. It is because she gets oppression from him. Her foster father wants to kill Claire. Through this work, she can move from one work to another work because her patients are the people who suffer terminally ill. She can move easily without leaving trace.

After having difficulties to face the oppression from her foster father, Claire struggle to face the oppression of the family members of her employer within her being of private nurse again. She realizes that being a private nurse is not easy. She is not respected well enough by the family members of her

employer. They who come from the upper class always degrade their workers like a private nurse who just belongs to ordinary people. Although her employer is also come from the upper class, he never treats Claire badly. He like her so much and give well respect. Different from her employer, the family members often give oppression to Claire. She has to deal with the oppression of the grandson and the daughter in law of her employer. They often give bad treatment to Claire. They always mock and abusive Claire. Although she has to face the oppression from them, she never gives up. She struggles a lot for her right to still survive. Her highest achievement of struggle is when the grandson accepts Claire and to be working with her. Moreover, the grandson of her employer is fall in love with Claire.

From the result of analysis of the novel, it can be seen that the character of Claire Turner depict the hard struggle done by woman. Woman is not always

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becoming a weak figure who can do nothing to achieve her rights. Claire’s struggle which does not easily come to an end and her character who never gives up with the difficulties coming into her life can inspire other women with such spirit of woman to do the same thing. Furthermore, she represents some good moral values inside herself.

The character of Claire Turner also indicates Feminism in which she struggles to save her life by her own. She decides to live alone and choose her career by herself. Furthermore, the reflection of first wave Feminism can be seen in Claire’s struggle to deal with social problem through her work. She can survive in hard situation when she gets oppression until she is successfully getting a partner in her work.

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