3. The moral values in Le Contes du Chat Perché as the learning materials.
In general, lit erat ure including t he fables cont ains about w orldview of life’s principles and moral values. As it is rich of moral values and w ise behaves, so t hat t hrough t he
charact ers inside t he st ory or fables, t he aut hor w ish t o offer some ideals life for t he readers. As it is ment ioned above, some charact ers namely t he Pig, t he Cat , t he Tiger, t he
Wolf, in t he fable collect ion of Les Cont es du Chat Perché, w rit t en by M arcel Aymé is significant ly int erest ing t o be discuss as t hey have dominant roles.
According t o st ruct uralism t heory of lit erat ure, a main charact er is defined as individuals w ho experienced some or most of t he sequence of event s and serves as t he
main driving st ory Schmit t , 1982:63. In general, in a fable t here is more t han one charact ers. Among t hose charact ers, t here w ill be one or m ore w ho act as t he main
charact ers. These main charact ers usually called as t he hero, or prot agonist figures. The hero figure is keep seeking t he aut hent ic values w it hin t he degraded w orld Faruk, 1994:18.
This definit ion begins w it h underst anding about t he concept of a charact er in Goldmann’s concept w hich means t he st ory about t he degraded of degraded aut hent ic values in a w orld
w hich is also being degraded. The search w as conduct ed by a problemat ic hero t he hero. The hero figure prot agonist serves as t he lead charact er along w it h t he ant agonist
charact ers. In accordance w it h t he roles, a hero charact er plays an im port ant role as t he cent er of t he sequences in t he st ory Schm it t , 1982:64.
The charact ers have t he posit ions and funct ions of each part in t he st ory w hen t hey have been involved in side t he st ory from being t he figures, w hich depict s t he individualist ,
act ions, w ays of t hinking, and t he life Chat man, 1980:170-108. Les Cont es du Chat Perché have animal charact ers t hat behave like human beings. They speak, behave, act , t hink, and
feel just as t he same as t he human beings do. In Les Cont es du Chat Perché, some prot agonist charact ers w ho w ell behave are represent ed by t he Cat , t he Cow , t he Goose,
t he Dog, t he Chicken, t he Wolf, t he Tiger, and t he Pig. While t he ant agonist charact ers w ho misbehave are represent ed by t he Fox, t he Peacock, t he Eagle, t he Donkey, and t he Goose.
The Cow is a prot agonist w ho can read and count . For t he Cow t here w ill be no day w it hout reading and count ing. The Cow is kind of animal w ho represent a smart t hinker and loves
philosophy. Furt her, please have a look at t his follow ing quot at ion.
“ J’ai t rop de respect pour la science et la philosophie” . Ce boeuf blanc ét ait un boeuf t rès savant , qui savait lire dans les livres les plus difficiles. Pourvu qu’il fut de bonne
humeur, il conseillait volont iers les bêt es dans l’embarras. “ I am very fond w it h science and philosophy” . That is a very clever cow , w ho is able
t o read all kind of books as hard as it can be. Besides, he is alw ays lovable and deliberat ely like t o advise t he ot her anim als t hat oft en m ake t roubles.
Unlike t he Cow w ho is described as t he prot agonist hero charact er, t he Fox and t he Eagle figures w ho are port rayed as ant agonist charact ers who pret end t o be good w it h t he
Chicken and w ish t o make friend w it h—w hen t hey w ill act ually w ish t o size eat t he Chicken. This can be seen in t he follow ing monologue deliveredby t he Chicken.
Quand j’y pense. Ah Je suis en colère, vous savez Figurez-vous que cet t e nuit , le renard est venu roder aut our du poulailler pour la t roisièm e fois depuis quinze jours.
Au secours Il y a une buse qui veut m e m anger When I am t hinking about t hat , ah, I am upset . Will you believe me, t he night w hen
t he Fox cam e around m y cage for t he t hird t im e in t his w eek? Oh please, t here is Eagle w ho w ould eat m e as it s prey
The ot her animals from t he prot agonist charact er namely t he Duck, is port rayed as a w ise leader w ho w ill deliver some advices, suggest ions and w arnings t o ot her animals. The
Duck is also oft en lead some meet ings w it h t he ot her animals t o solve t he problem. It can be said t hat t he descript ion of t he Duck charact er in Les Cont es du Chat Perché is not only
as figure of a w ise leader, but also a good list ener w ho alw ays gives t he best solut ion for every problem appeared. The Duck also described as an animal w ho likes t o learn
Geography. As he w as so diligence, t herefore he w as able t o break free from t he bad t hreat of t he Tiger. The Duck answ ered all t he Geography quest ions launched by t he Tiger.
Besides t he st ory of t he Duck figure ment ioned above, t he st ory of t he duckling seem t o be int erest ing t oo. This Duckling refused t o be t aught by her mot her on how t o
cat ch fish. In fact , t he Duckling w as so lazy t o learn how t o cat ch a fish. She alw ays hope t hat her mot her w ill serve t he fish for her. One day she saw t he Goose family w ere enjoying
cat ch fish in t he river. Wit hout first asking permission from her mot her, t he Duckling meet t he lit t le Goose and t hey off looking for fish t oget her. Unfort unat ely t hey t ook a different
pat hs, t hen separat ed. The Duckling w ent up t o t he headw at ers. When he w as alone, not so far from his spot , he saw a snake sw allow ed a frog. The lit t le Duckling w as so afraid and
cried, and st raight ly go back t o her mot her. He met t he mot her t o ask her apologize and promise not t o leave w it hout saying goodbye t o her. Furt her, he also promise t o t ell a lie
anymore. The mot her Duck lovingly forgive t he lit t le Ducking. This st ory about t he lit t le Ducking charact er illust rat ed above is similar t o t ypical st ory of children’s problem in real
life t oday. A child somet imes w ant ed t o get aw ay from home and t hen ret urned home t o st ay t oget her w it h t he fat her, t he mot her, brot her and sist er w it h a new aw areness and
feeling about t he w armt h and secure of living in a family. The st ory of t he Duck and t he ot her animals in Les Cont es du Chat Perché w rit t en
M arcel Aymé show ing t he moralit y values. Some st ories of happiness, sadness and t hrilling advent ures w ere experienced by different animal figures. These gave us some lessons about
t he values of life t hat w e have t o face and deal w it h any sit uat ion in our lives. Some moral values such as self-sacrifice based on good purposes, responsibilit y, honest y, compassion,
passion, st ruggle, st rengt h, courage, and helping each has been coloring t he st ories in t his collect ion of fable.
The st ories inside t he collect ion of fable Les Cont es du Chat Perché w rit t en M arcel Aymé w hose full of m oral values also present t he equilibrium bet w een human being and
animals. All are t he same creat ures. Some similarit ies can be seen in t he figurat ive aspect s, charact er aspect s, feelings, and human expressions in social order and also in t he
conversat ion done by t he charact ers in t he st ory. Each of animal charact er represent s a cert ain t ype of human being and a social t ype. In lit erat ure t erm t his is w hat w e call st ory is
a reflect ion of real life. In t his case, lit erat ure has a role serves as a medium for applicat ion of moral values t o it s readers. Through t he lect ure of fables, t he aut hor offered some
different kind of life w hich can be regarded as an example in social communit y. But w hen t hose moral values w hich can be found in t he st ory of t he fable do not mat ch w it h t he moral
of t he societ y, t herefore t he readers w ill easily leave t he w it hout paying any at t ent ion. The readers w ill consider t hat t hose moral values w ere just an et iquet t e.
It is hoped t hat t he collect ion of t he fable ent it led Les Cont es du Chat Perché w rit t en by M arcel Aymé in French lit erat ure can serve as complement t o t he variet y of lit erary
genres t hat not only are ent ert aining but also giving advant ages. It seems t hat t hrough some animal charact ers in fables, t he int ernalizat ion process of moral values can be implement ed
easily t o t he readers, especially for t he children as t hey need t o learn a lot about t he m oral values. Build-up t he moral values in human being’s life t hrough t he reading of lit erat ure only
can be reached t hrough a long process. One of French philosophy named Jean Jacques Rousseau 1712—1778 emphasized t he im port ance of m oral development in relat ion t o
lit erary readings. Furt her he said fant asy including t he fable can be used as a medium in developing children imaginat ion, as w ell as insert ing t he moral value t o t hat t hose value w ill
st ay t here in t he life of t he children and get t ing st ronger as t hey grow up. Furt her Rousseau said, t he moral values in t he lit erat ure implicit ly appears t o disguise in various series of
evident . That is w hy lit erat ure as m oral learning mat erials never get rigid and even t aught dogmat ically in inst illing moral values t o t he readers.
4. Conclusion.