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4. Third person singular maker occurs when suffix S is added to the verb and
show agreement with the singular subject third person before verb.
Example : He doubts God
The suffix S after verb doubt shows agreement with singular subject He. Suffix S denotes as suffix to form third person singular.
5. Possessive maker occurs when inflectional suffix S is attached to the noun, it
can be person or the things. It is different with suffix S as plural. Suffix S as possessive is
indicates the possessive relation between two noun. It doesn’t
changes part of speech of word if suffix S possessive attach to the noun. Example :
Assailant’s face.
Suffix S between words assailant and face has the function to shows the possessive face by assailant. Suffix S denotes as possessive maker.
6. Plural maker occurs when inflectional suffix S is attached to the countable
noun, normally can be person and the things. It doesn’t changes part of speech and only to show plural meaning in word. The morpheme S denotes as plural maker
different with suffix S used as abbreviation for has or is. Example: Book single + suffix S become books plural
The suffix S of plural has the function to indicates the plural meaning in noun and inflectional suffix S Plural occurs with the most countable noun.
7. Comparative normally occur in adjective. It can be made by adding suffix er to the adjective and simply creates a different version of the adjective to the noun.
The different between suffix er derivation and suffix er inflection. Suffix er in derivation is to creates noun from the verb, example like teach verb gets suffix
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er become teacher noun. Suffix er in inflection indicates comparative between two noun which has different level of the adjective.
Example : An atheist who belongs to a community is far easier for you
to trust than a solitary man who believes in God. On above example, there are suffix er in word easier, it is creates
comparison between an atheist and solitary man. Here, suffix er denotes as comparative maker.
8. Superlative maker occurs when inflectional suffix est is added to the adjective
which indicate the most quality level adjective to the noun.
Example : It took only the cleverest and most hardworking students.
On above sentence, the suffix est in the word cleverest expresses the most quality level by the student. Here, suffix est can be suffix to form superlative.
Based on the result of the research in derivational affixes, derivational suffix ly to form an adverb is the most frequently presented in Snow novel by
Orhan Pamuk, it is 33,90 . It is equal with 121 words which contain an adverb affix. An adverb gives clear explanation about the status of the sentences which is
happen in Snow novel by Orhan Pamuk. The author wants to make clear explanation about the story to the reader by using an adverb in every sentence in
the story. In inflectional affixes, inflectional suffix Ed as past tense form becomes the biggest amount in Snow novel by Orhan Pamuk, it is 33, 58. It is equal with
134 words which contain past tense suffix Ed. Suffix ed denotes as past tense gives the clue to the readers that the story is happen in the past. The author wants
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to shows to the readers that the stories happen in the past by using suffix ed as marking past tense.
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CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
In this chapter the writer discusses the conclusion and the suggestion of this study with the title “Derivation and Inflection of English affixes in Snow
novel by Orhan Pamuk”. The conclusion explains the result finding and discussion of the research.
5.1 Conclusion
In this analysis, the researcher analyzes about derivation and inflection affixes in Snow novel by Orhan pamuk. The researcher analyzes derivation and
inflection affixes in Snow novel in order to find out derivation and inflection affixes. In finding of the research which concerning to derivational affixes, the
researcher found derivational affixes in Snow novel by Orhan Pamuk can be divided into four types of affixes based on the part of speech that they form. The
first type is affix to form an adverb. It is suffix ly. Suffix ly can creates an adverb from the others part of speechs covering noun, verb and adjective. The second
type are affixes to forms noun. The researcher found many various types of noun affixes includes suffixes ion, ment, ness, ce, ance, ence, ant, cy, ure, ty, ity, er, or,
ist. These affixes can be used to derive noun from the others words which has part of speech such as verb and adjective. The category noun suffix which occur
in verb to form noun such as suffixes ment, ion, ity, ance, ity, ence, er, or. Noun suffixes ist, ant, ness, ure, cy, ce occur in adjective to form noun. The third type,
there are eleven affixes which indicate adjective forming, they are suffixes ful,
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ous, less, able, sible, ical, al, ish, y, ary, ive. These affixes are the main factor which makes other part of speech such as noun and verb change become an
adjective. Suffixes ic, y, ful, ish, ous, less, ical, ary, al are mostly occur in noun to
form adjective and suffix ive, able, ible, ful normally occur in verb to form
adjective. The fourth type are affixes to form verb, they are prefixes en-un and suffixes en-ize-ate-fy. These affixes can occur to the noun and adjective to form
verb such as prefix en adds to the root of word joy as noun become enjoy as verb. The root of word bright as adjective gets the suffix en changes become brighten
as verb. In this case, verb affixes such as prefix en, un and suffix en, ize, ate give important contribution in deriving English verb word.
Relating to inflectional affixes in finding of the research, the researcher found inflectional affixes in Snow novel by Orhan Pamuk consist of eight types
affixes based on the grammatical function that they form. There is only one inflectional suffix for each types. The first type is suffix to form past tense such as
suffix ‘ed’. Suffix ‘ed’ only can occurs to the regular verb which indicate past
even. The suffix ‘ed’ only changes the present to past tense. It doesn’t changes the
part of speech of the word. The second type, there is suffix ‘en’ to creates past
participle form. Suffix ‘en’ always occurs in the form of irregular verb three to
form past participle which indicate perfect form. The third type is suffix ‘ing’ to
form present participle. The form of present participle indicates continous form. The fourth type, there is suffix
‘S’ to makes possesive form. Suffix ‘S’ which indicates possesive always occur in noun. Suffix
‘S’ placed in the middle between two noun which indicate the possesion of something. The fifth type is suffix
‘S’ to
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form plural. This suffix ‘S’ to form plural different with suffix ‘S’ to form
possesive. Suffix ‘S’ to form plural shows the plurality of noun. Suffix ‘S’ to form
plural always occur in countable noun. The sixth type, there is suffix ‘S’ to form
singular third person. Suffix ‘S’ which occur in verb shows the agreement with the
singular subject before the verb. The seventh, there is suffix ‘er’ to form
comparative in adjective. This suffix er indicates comparative of the adjective with different level by the noun. The last type, there is suffix
‘est’ to form superlative. The suffix
‘est’ shows the most quality level of the adjective. This suffix also indicates comparative form.
Relating to the most frequently presents derivation and inflection affixes, the researcher concludes that derivational suffix
‘ly’ to form an adverb is the most frequently presented in Snow novel by Orhan Pamuk, it is 33,90 . It is equal
with 121 words which contain an adverb affix. In the inflectional affixes, inflectional suffix
‘Ed’ as past tense form becomes the biggest amount in Snow novel by Orhan Pamuk, it is 33, 58. It is equal with 134 words which contain
past tense suffix Ed.
5.2 Suggestion
In this time, there are many research about morphology focuses on derivational affixes such as recent studies done by aryati 2014 and fornkwa
2012 which focus only derivational affixes. Here, almost all of the research focus on derivation affixes and inflection affixes is left-untouched by some
researchers. Therefore, in this research, the researcher focuses on the process of derivational and inflectional affixes in English language. To develop this research,
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better for further researcher focuses on the process of derivational and inflectional affixes in two languages. The further researcher can compares the process of
derivational and inflectional affixes between English language and other languages. In this research, the researcher also only can identifies suffix en to
forming past participle using Yule 2006 theory, while for further researcher can develops this research using others theory which not only can focus in suffix en to
forming past participle but also others suffix which indicate past participle form. The researcher also suggests developing this research using different data source
and better technique method of research.
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