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E. Data Analysis Technique
The researcher analyzed all the data in the research to answer the research questions using triangulation. The data taken from the research were analyzed by
triangulating them to get valid and reliable data results. The data results were discussed in the light of the theoretical description related to the study reviewed in
the Chapter II. The first data which would was obtained from the research were the drafts
of students‘ narrative writing. There were three drafts which were obtained from the preliminary study, cycle one and cycle two. All drafts were analyzed by using
a rubric based on Hughes‘ scoring profile which had been modified Hughes, 1989. If there was any progress from the scores taken from drafts of preliminary
study, cycle one, and cycle two, it meant that the use of picture series had enhanced
the students‘ writing skill in producing narrative texts. Questionnaires and interview were other instruments analyzed by the
researcher. The questionnaires used
Likert Scale
which had been modified by the researcher. This scale was used to determine students‘ attitude towards the topic
in easy way. Since
Likert Scale
was much like those for a multiple-choice examination, total score for scales were treated much as other test dataHopkins,
1976. There were five responses for each statement and each response would show the attitude of the students towards the use of picture series. If there were
many students agreed or strongly agreed toward a particular question, it meant that the students had showed positive attitude to the statement.
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Then interview section was conducted by providing several open-ended questions to five students. The result of interview section was summarized into a
written report. These two data were compared to each other in order to get the information of students‘ attitude.
The last instruments were observation sheets and field notes. The observation sheets were obtained from the observation that conducted by a
colleague of the researcher peer observation. The observer observed the teacher‘s teaching, students‘ behavior and the situation of the class. Then she
made notes which would be the data of the whole learning process. The field notes were obtained by the researcher during the research in the class. The field
notes consisted of the situation in the class and the students‘ behavior while
following the learning activity. The field notes would be summarized in the form of description. If the field notes showed that the researcher had conducted the
research based on lesson plan and the observation sheets, it meant that the implementation of picture series in the learning process was successfully
conducted. By triangulating all data, the researcher could conclude the results of
research. If the scores taken from all three drafts showed an improvement and the results from other instruments showed students‘ positive attitudes towards the
picture series, the researcher could end the implementation of the use of picture series in the research.
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F. Research Procedures
Kategori