Einstein’s Theory of Special Quantum Phenomenon Quantum Theory of Light Atom Models

1. Einstein’s Theory of Special

Relativity 1 | P a g e 2 | P a g e 3 | P a g e 4 | P a g e 5 | P a g e 6 | P a g e 7 | P a g e 8 | P a g e 9 | P a g e 10 | P a g e 11 | P a g e 12 | P a g e 13 | P a g e 14 | P a g e 15 | P a g e 16 | P a g e Exercise 17 | P a g e 1. A photon and a particle have the same wavelength. a Compare their linear momentum, b Compare the photons energy and the particles total energy. c Compare the photons energy and the particles kinetic energy. 2. Show that the Broglie wavelength of a particle of rest mass m o and kinetic energy K is 2 2 c m K K hc o   

2. Quantum Phenomenon

18 | P a g e 19 | P a g e 20 | P a g e 21 | P a g e 22 | P a g e 23 | P a g e 24 | P a g e 25 | P a g e 26 | P a g e Exercise: 1. How would de Broglie account for the fact that in the Bohr model which remember was highly successful in predicting the spectral lines of hydrogen, the electrons are always found at certain distinct distances from the nucleus? 2. Why is the wave nature of matter not more apparent to us in our everyday lives? 27 | P a g e

3. Quantum Theory of Light

28 | P a g e 29 | P a g e 30 | P a g e 31 | P a g e 32 | P a g e Exercise: 33 | P a g e 1. The work function of potassium is 2,2 eV. When ultraviolet light of wavelength 3500 Å 1 Å=10 -10 m falls on potassium surface, what is the maximum energy in electron volts of photoelectrons? 2. How much energy must a photon have if it is lo have the momentum of a 10 MeV proton? 3. What is the frequency of an X-ray photon whose momentum is 1,1 X lO -23 kg.ms?

4. Atom Models

34 | P a g e 35 | P a g e 36 | P a g e 37 | P a g e 38 | P a g e 39 | P a g e 40 | P a g e 41 | P a g e 42 | P a g e 43 | P a g e 44 | P a g e 45 | P a g e Exercise: 1. Explain why Rutherford is quoted as saying, “It was quite the most incredible event that has ever happened to me in my life. It was 46 | P a g e almost as incredible as if you fired a 15-inch shell at a piece of tissue paper and it came back and hit you.” Use J. J. Thomson’s model of the atom which is what Rutherford was operating under and the current model of the atom to explain why Geiger and Marsden saw what they saw. 2. What were Bohr’s four assumptions?

5. The Compton Effect