Kajian mekanisme antihiperglikemik campuran ekstrak daun sirih merah dan kulit kayu manis yang berpotensi sebagai minuman fungsional
KAJIAN MEKANISME ANTIHIPERGLIKEMIK CAMPURAN
EKSTRAK DAUN SIRIH MERAH DAN KULIT KAYU MANIS
YANG BERPOTENSI SEBAGAI MINUMAN FUNGSIONAL
MEGA SAFITHRI
SEKOLAH PASCASARJANA
INSTITUT PERTANIAN BOGOR
BOGOR
2012
PERNYATAAN MENGENAI DISERTASI DAN SUMBER INFORMASI
Dengan ini saya menyatakan bahwa disertasi dengan judul Kajian
Mekanisme Antihiperglikemik Campuran Ekstrak Daun Sirih Merah dan Kulit
Kayu Manis yang Berpotensi sebagai Minuman Fungsional adalah karya saya
dengan arahan dari komisi pembimbing dan belum pernah diajukan dalam bentuk
apapun kepada perguruan tinggi atau pihak manapun. Sumber informasi yang
berasal atau dikutip dari karya yang diterbitkan maupun tidak diterbitkan dari
penulis lain telah disebutkan dalam teks dan dicantumkan dalam Daftar Pustaka di
bagian akhir disertasi ini.
Bogor, 27 Agustus 2012
Mega Safithri
NRP F261080011
ABSTRACT
MEGA SAFITHRI. Study on Antihyperglycemic Mechanism of Extract Mixture
of Piper crocatum Leaves and Cinnamomum burmannii Bark as Potential
Functional Drink. Under the direction of SEDARNAWATI YASNI, MARIA
BINTANG, and ANNA SETIADI RANTI
Piper crocatum, one of Indonesia’s medicinal plants, has antihyperglycemic activity despite its bitter taste. Considering that Indonesia was the
4th largest country whose population suffered from diabetes mellitus with a
prevalence of 8.6% of the total population in 2005, the necessity to increase the
potency of red piper betel is of great importance. This can be done by producing it
as functional drink. For this reason, this research aimed to determine : (1) the
formulation of a mixture of water extract of P. crocatum leaves and C. burmannii
bark which have antioxidative activities by measuring their superoxide dismutase
and catalase enzyme, and anti-hyperglycemic activity in vitro by measuring their
α-glucosidase activity; (2) the evaluation of sub acute toxicity study on the
selected formula using male and female Sprague dawley rats; (3) the functional
effect of the chosen formula, especially its anti-hyperglycemic activity in
streptozotocin-induced diabetics rats. P. crocatum leaves and C. burmannii bark
powder were boiled in water separately for 15 minutes, and filtered. The filtrate
was used in the formulation of mixing water extract of P.crocatum leaves and C.
burmannii bark in a ratio of (5:0); (5:1); (5:3); (5:5); and (0:5). Each of this
formula was then added with stevia (sweeteners) of 0.67% (v/v). In the evaluation
of the sub acute toxicity, the chosen formula was administered orally into 4
groups of Sprague dawley rats with different doses (0, 630, 1260, 1890 mg/kg bw)
for 28 days. In anti-hyperglycemic activity study, streptozotocin induced diabetics
rats (50 mg/kg bw) were administered orally by a dosage of (0; 630; 1260 and
1890 mg/kg bw) for 14 days. During the treatment period, blood glucose level
was recorded at 5 day-intervals, and at the end of treatment the rats were killed by
chemical anesthesia. The blood was taken for further analysis, such as blood
serum glucose, blood serum lipid, insulin, and red blood cell SOD; and catalase
activities were also studied. The results showed that the formula with the ratio
(5:3) was the chosen formula with the following characteristic parameters:
activity of SOD at 3.32 ± 0.08 U/ml, catalase activity 0.18 ± 0.02 U/ml, and αglucosidase inhibitor activity 61.00 ± 2.55%, and total phenolic compounds
1067.65 ± 0.90 ppm. In the sub acute toxicity, there were no significant
differences in the body weight, food intake, hematological analysis, blood
chemistry analysis (glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, SGPT, and
SGOT), organ weights, and histopathological analysis among the control groups
and treated animals. In vivo anti-hyperglycemic activity showed that 14 days of
daily treatment of 1260 mg/kg bw dose of functional drink significantly (p
EKSTRAK DAUN SIRIH MERAH DAN KULIT KAYU MANIS
YANG BERPOTENSI SEBAGAI MINUMAN FUNGSIONAL
MEGA SAFITHRI
SEKOLAH PASCASARJANA
INSTITUT PERTANIAN BOGOR
BOGOR
2012
PERNYATAAN MENGENAI DISERTASI DAN SUMBER INFORMASI
Dengan ini saya menyatakan bahwa disertasi dengan judul Kajian
Mekanisme Antihiperglikemik Campuran Ekstrak Daun Sirih Merah dan Kulit
Kayu Manis yang Berpotensi sebagai Minuman Fungsional adalah karya saya
dengan arahan dari komisi pembimbing dan belum pernah diajukan dalam bentuk
apapun kepada perguruan tinggi atau pihak manapun. Sumber informasi yang
berasal atau dikutip dari karya yang diterbitkan maupun tidak diterbitkan dari
penulis lain telah disebutkan dalam teks dan dicantumkan dalam Daftar Pustaka di
bagian akhir disertasi ini.
Bogor, 27 Agustus 2012
Mega Safithri
NRP F261080011
ABSTRACT
MEGA SAFITHRI. Study on Antihyperglycemic Mechanism of Extract Mixture
of Piper crocatum Leaves and Cinnamomum burmannii Bark as Potential
Functional Drink. Under the direction of SEDARNAWATI YASNI, MARIA
BINTANG, and ANNA SETIADI RANTI
Piper crocatum, one of Indonesia’s medicinal plants, has antihyperglycemic activity despite its bitter taste. Considering that Indonesia was the
4th largest country whose population suffered from diabetes mellitus with a
prevalence of 8.6% of the total population in 2005, the necessity to increase the
potency of red piper betel is of great importance. This can be done by producing it
as functional drink. For this reason, this research aimed to determine : (1) the
formulation of a mixture of water extract of P. crocatum leaves and C. burmannii
bark which have antioxidative activities by measuring their superoxide dismutase
and catalase enzyme, and anti-hyperglycemic activity in vitro by measuring their
α-glucosidase activity; (2) the evaluation of sub acute toxicity study on the
selected formula using male and female Sprague dawley rats; (3) the functional
effect of the chosen formula, especially its anti-hyperglycemic activity in
streptozotocin-induced diabetics rats. P. crocatum leaves and C. burmannii bark
powder were boiled in water separately for 15 minutes, and filtered. The filtrate
was used in the formulation of mixing water extract of P.crocatum leaves and C.
burmannii bark in a ratio of (5:0); (5:1); (5:3); (5:5); and (0:5). Each of this
formula was then added with stevia (sweeteners) of 0.67% (v/v). In the evaluation
of the sub acute toxicity, the chosen formula was administered orally into 4
groups of Sprague dawley rats with different doses (0, 630, 1260, 1890 mg/kg bw)
for 28 days. In anti-hyperglycemic activity study, streptozotocin induced diabetics
rats (50 mg/kg bw) were administered orally by a dosage of (0; 630; 1260 and
1890 mg/kg bw) for 14 days. During the treatment period, blood glucose level
was recorded at 5 day-intervals, and at the end of treatment the rats were killed by
chemical anesthesia. The blood was taken for further analysis, such as blood
serum glucose, blood serum lipid, insulin, and red blood cell SOD; and catalase
activities were also studied. The results showed that the formula with the ratio
(5:3) was the chosen formula with the following characteristic parameters:
activity of SOD at 3.32 ± 0.08 U/ml, catalase activity 0.18 ± 0.02 U/ml, and αglucosidase inhibitor activity 61.00 ± 2.55%, and total phenolic compounds
1067.65 ± 0.90 ppm. In the sub acute toxicity, there were no significant
differences in the body weight, food intake, hematological analysis, blood
chemistry analysis (glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, SGPT, and
SGOT), organ weights, and histopathological analysis among the control groups
and treated animals. In vivo anti-hyperglycemic activity showed that 14 days of
daily treatment of 1260 mg/kg bw dose of functional drink significantly (p