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CHAPTER III METHODS OF INVESTIGATION
In this chapter, it covers research design, population and sample, variables, instrument for collecting data, procedure of collecting data, and
procedure of analyzing data.
3.1 Research Design
In this study, I collected data by conducting an experiment. An experimental research describes what will happen with particular variables when there are
certain treatments given to the students so that this study uses an experimental study as one form of quantitative research to investigate the possible relationship
between the use of Think-Pair-Share strategy and the students’ achievement in speaking skill.
By using experimental research in this study, I intended to determine what and how the research will be conducted and then analyze the case and effect
of this research. Experimental research is used to find the answers for this study, whether it is true that the implementation of Think-Pair-Share strategy in teaching
speaking to the tenth grade students of Senior High School improves the students’ speaking ability.
The experiment of the study involved two groups, an experimental group and a control group. This study used Pre-test – Post-test Control Group
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Design. Tuckman 1978 in Saleh 2005:132 states that in this design “the subject groups are not only pre-test but also post-test. In this design, one group, the
experimental group X, receives a treatment while the second group, the control group Y, does not. Both groups are given a pre-test and post-test – the use of a
pre-test being the only differences between this design and the previous one.” The research will be conducted as follows:
Pretest Pretest
Posttest Posttest
Figure 3.1 The Research Design
By the utilization of a control group, which has all the same experiences as the experimental group other than the experience of the treatment
itself, this design controls for history, maturation, and regression. By randomizing students across experimental and control conditions, both selection and mortality
are controlled. This design, therefore, controls many threats to validity or sources of bias.
Experimental Group X
Control Group Y
Use Think- Pair- Share strategy
Use conventional method
Students’ Achievement
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The method of research is used to answer the objective of the research mentioned in chapter I that is to identify the effectiveness of using think-pair-
share as a technique in improving students’ speaking ability. To do this kind of research, quantitative method was used.
According to Best 1981: 154 quantitative has been defined as “a numerical method of describing observation of material or characteristic”.
Furthermore, Christensen 2001:32 defines “quantitative study as the study that collects some types of numerical data to answer a given research question”.
Quantitative method was used to measure students’ achievement before and after the treatment using think-pair-share strategy given.
This quantitative research was done to identify Senior High School students related to their achievement in mastering speaking skill through Think-
Pair-Share.
3.2 Population and Sample
