LIST OF TABLES
TABLE TITLE PAGE
2.1 Thermal conductivities of some materials at room temperature
Source: Cengel, Y.A, 2003 13
2.2 Emissivity‘s of some materials at 300K Source: Cengel, Y.A,
2003 14
3.1 Properties of green glazed wall
33 3.2
Properties of pre-cast concrete wall 33
4.1 Summary of current OTTV
41 4.2
Summary of proposed OTTV 42
4.3 Summary of current cooling load
46 4.4
Summary of proposed cooling load 47
4.5 Solar Cooling Load SCL at 12 pm
49 4.6
5.1 Schedule Of Maintenance
Total
OTTV
for each facade elevation 56
63
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE TITLE PAGE
2.1 PusatTenaga Malaysia
8 2.2
Diamond Building Putrajaya 8
2.3 A simple experiment setup to determine the thermal
conductivity of a material Source: Cengel, Y.A, 2003 12
2.4 Radiation heat transfer between a surface and the surfaces
surrounding it Source: Cengel, Y.A, 2002 14
2.5 Radiation heat transfer between a surface and the surfaces
surrounding it Source: Cengel, Y.A, 2003 15
3.1 Final Year Project Flow Chart
28 3.2
Strategy To Reduce Energy Consumption Of ACMV 29
3.3 Top View With Actual Orientation
31 3.4
West Wall 31
3.5 South Wall
32 3.6
East Wall 32
3.7 North Wall
32 4.1
Refrigerant Compressors 57
4.2 Water Chillers
58 4.3
Cooling Towers 59
4.4 Cooling Chiller Pump
60 4.5
Water Pumpset 60
4.6 Air Filter At Air Handling Unit
64 4.7
Air Handling Unit 64
4.8 Ducting System
64 4.9
Piping System 64
LIST OF SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATION
A area
U heat transfer coefficient
TD temperature difference
CLTD cooling load temperature difference
CLTDc corrected cooling load temperature difference
Q cooling load
SHGF solar heat gain factor
SC shading coefficient
CLF cooling load vactor
RT refrigerant ton
LM correction for latitude and month
K
Thermal Conductivity
α
Thermal absorptivity
ω
Specific Humidity
m
Specific mass flow rate
Relative humidity
T Absolute Temperature
h Enthalpy
fg
h
Enthalpy of vaporization
Q
L
Latent heat transfer
Q
S
Sensible heat transfer
Q Heat transfer rate
W Work
COP Coefficient of Performance
OTTV overall thermal transfer value
ACMV air conditioning mechanical ventilation
PSM ―projek sarjana muda‖
LIST OF APPENDIXS
APPENDIX TITLE A
Gantt chart B
Table which used for calculation C
Plan floor of FKM building MARS
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.0 BACKGROUND
The project tries to find ways on reducing the energy consumption of the ACMV air- conditioning and mechanical ventilation system of the FKM building.
Air Conditioning is the control of the humidity of air by either increasing or decreasing its moisture content. Added to the control of the humidity is the control
of temperature by either heating or cooling the air, the purification of the air by washing or filtering the air and the control of the air motion and ventilation.
Ventilation refers to the process of supplying and removing air by natural or mechanical means to and from any space, Such air may or may not be conditioned.
Building energy standards or codes are becoming more and more important in energy efficiency policies [1]. These standards can help raise concern and awareness
of building energy conservation, promote energy efficient designs in buildings, encourage the development of energy efficient building products, and form a basis
for assessing building energy performance and developing energy efficiency programmers [2]. Many countries in the world are now developing or upgrading their
building energy standards in order to achieve the energy efficiency goals. In response to broad concerns regarding the environment and climate change,
Green Buildings are becoming much more common and are increasingly in demand by building owners and occupiers [3]. As a result, they are featuring more
prominently in the portfolios of most building developers, architects and engineering consultants. The current green trends are quickly becoming the new standard.
1.1 OBJECTIVES
Kategori