Reading Comprehension and Reading Comprehension Achievement

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CHAPTER 2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter highlights the review of the main theory underpinned the research topic including some aspects dealing with the related theory. They are reading comprehension and reading comprehension achievement, the aspects of reading comprehension, recount text, SQ3R strategy, the procedures of using SQ3R strategy in teaching reading, the advantages of SQ3R method, and the research hypothesis. In the following section each of the point is described in detail.

2.1 Reading Comprehension and Reading Comprehension Achievement

Reading is as process in understanding the meaning of the text. It is supported by Grellet 1996:7 who states that reading is a constant process of guessing, and what one brings to the text is often more important than what one finds in it. In addition, reading is as accessing meaning through printed words. It means that the purpose of reading is to understand the text Oakhill, 1999:109. Bos and Vaughn 1991:144 state that comprehension means constructing meaning by integrating the information provided by the author with the reader’s background knowledge. It means that the readers can get information and can create a meaning from the text in reading comprehension. Thus, reading comprehension is making meaning process to get important information from the text as efficiently as possible. It is confirmed by Grellet 1996:3 who states that reading comprehension is a process in understanding a written text, which means extracting the required information from it as efficiently as possible. Finally, from the two opinions it can be concluded that reading comprehension means a process of making meaning from the printed words by integrating the information from the text with the reader’s previous knowledge as efficiency as possible. Related to achievement, Hughes 2003:12 defines that achievement is related to test that is done to discover how successful students have been in achieving the objective of a course. Therefore, it is clear that reading comprehension achievement deals with the levels of students’ ability in understanding a text in the form of test score. Reading comprehension achievement in this research is used to measure the students’ comprehension in following teaching learning activity which is focused on the eighth grade students’ scores of reading comprehension test. The students’ test scores here deals with the levels of students’ ability in comprehending word, comprehending sentence, comprehending paragraph, and comprehending the whole text of the recount text given. The text used in this research is recount text because it is one of the compulsory texts that should be taught to the eighth grade students’ level, especially in the second semester Depdiknas, 2006:278.

2.2 The Aspects of Reading Comprehension