Tumbuhan bunga pepaya jantan
Lampiran 1. Hasil identifikasi tumbuhan
Lampiran 2. Gambar tumbuhan bunga pepaya jantan (Carica papaya. L)
Tumbuhan bunga pepaya jantan Bunga pepaya jantan
Lampiran 3. Simplisia dan serbuk bunga pepaya jantan (Carica papaya. L)
Simplisia bunga pepaya jantan Serbuk simplisia bunga pepaya jantan
Lampiran 4. Bagan pembuatan ekstrak
Serbuk simplisia Dimasukkan ke dalam bejana Ditambah pelarut 9 liter etanol 80% (75 bagian) Dibiarkan selama 5 hari terlindung dari cahaya sambil sesekali di aduk Diserkai, diperas Maserat I Ampas
Dicuci dengan pelarut etanol 80% hingga diperoleh (100 bagian) Dipindahkan ke dalam bejana tertutup Dibiarkan di tempat sejuk, terlindung dari cahaya selama 2 hari Dienap tuangkan dan di saring
Ampas Maserat II Digabung o
Dipekatkan dengan alat rotary evaporator 40 C o
Dikeringkan dengan alat freeze dryer -40 C Ekstrak kental (97,38 g)
Lampiran 5. Bagan alur penelitian uji toksisitas subkronik
EEBPJ
Pengamatan 28 hari
P1:Kontrol, diberi akuades P2:
Perlakuan, diberi EEBPJ dosis 1000 mg/kg bb
P3:
Perlakuan, diberi EEBPJ dosis 2000 mg/kg bb P4:
Perlakuan, diberi EEBPJ dosis 4000 mg/kg bb P5:
Perlakuan, diberi EEBPJ dosis 8000 mg/kg bb
Gejala toksik Berat badan
Kematian ALT Histopatologi
Analisis data
Hewan uji
(mencit)
Makropatologi
Lampiran 6. Contoh perhitungan dosis Berat badan mencit 25 g dengan dosis EEBPJ 1000 mg/kg bb Dosis = 1000 mg/kg bb
1000 mg = x 25 g
1000 g = 25 mg Konsentrasi ekstrak yang dibuat 25% = 25 g/100 ml
= 25000 mg/100 ml = 250 mg/ml 25 mg
Jumlah obat yang disuntikkan = 250 mg/ml
= 0,1 ml
Lampiran 7. Hasil uji pendahuluan
1. Hasil pengamatan kematian Keterangan: P1 = kontrol; P2 = dosis 100 mg/kg bb; P3 = dosis 200 mg/kg bb; P4 = dosis 400 mg/kg bb; P5 = dosis 800 mg/kg bb
2. Hasil pengamatan gejala toksik Kelompok Kejang Salivasi Diare Lemas Perubahan bulu Gerak gerik
Rontok Warna Jalan mundur Jalan dengan perut
P1 - - - - - - - -
P2 - - - - - - - -
P3 - - - - - - - -
P4 - - - - - - - -
P5 - - - - - - - -
Keterangan: P1 = kontrol; P2 = dosis 100 mg/kg bb; P3 = dosis 200 mg/kg bb;P4 = dosis 400 mg/kg bb; P5 = dosis 800 mg/kg bb
3. Hasil rata-rata berat badan Hari Rata-rata berat badan (g) ± SD P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
26,10±0,28 26,55±0,35 25,50±0,42 26,30±0,28 25,95±0,35
7 30,00±0.28 28,85±0,21 27,90±0,98 28,95±0,21 28,30±1,41
14 32,10±0,98 31,85±0,91 29,60±0,70 31,00±0,84 29,35±1,20
21 33,40±0,42 31,60±1,27 33,20±0,84 30,70±2,26 30,05±0,91
28 30,10±0,98 31,50±0,56 32,20±2,54 31,10±2,26 31,90±0,56
29 27,85±0,49 31,50±1,27 32,40±1,69 31,05±1,20 31,75±1,34
Keterangan: P1 = kontrol; P2 = dosis 100 mg/kg bb; P3 = dosis 200 mg/kg bb; P4 = dosis 400 mg/kg bb; P5 = dosis 800 mg/kg bb
Kelompok Jumlah mencit Jumlah kematian
P12 P2
2 P3
2 P4
2 P5
2
Lampiran 8. Hasil pengukuran kadar ALT
Lampiran 9. Hasil rata-rata kadar ALT
Kelompok Rata-rata ± SD P
- P1 35,20 ± 6,05 P2 56,40 ± 8,79 0,002* P3 70,80 ± 6,34 0,000* P4 88,50 ± 3,53 0,000*
- P5 97,00 ± -
Keterangan: P = perlakuan; 1 = kontrol; 2, 3, 4 dan 5 = dosis 1000, 2000, 4000
dan 8000 mg/kg bb; bb = berat badan; * = terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan
Lampiran 10. Hasil gambar makropatologi organ hati
Kelompok kontrol Perlakuan dosis 1000 mg/kg bb Perlakuan dosis 2000 mg/kg bb
Lampiran 10. (lanjutan)
Perlakuan dosis 4000 mg/kg bb Perlakuan dosis 8000 mg/kg bb
Lampiran 11. Gambar alat, bahan, dan objek yang digunakan
Oral sonde Peralatan bedah
Lampiran 11. (lanjutan)
Mikroskop Kamera digital
Lampiran 12. Gambar hewan percobaan yang digunakan
Mencit Pembedahan mencit b. Calculated from data.
.120
9
a,b
Mean
25.8
04
34.1
12
35.18
35.60
36.58
35.8
18
89 Std. Deviation
.507
3.35
84 4.560
1 4.685
9 4.538
3
4.47
90 Most Extreme Differences
Absolute .160 .137 .075 .104 .172 .178 Positive .160 .137 .075 .103 .099 .137 Negative -
18 Normal Parameters
19
Lampiran 13. Hasil analisis spss berat badan
Descriptive Statistics
24.7
N Mean Std. Deviation Minimum Maximum BB hari ke 0 25 25.804 .5070
25.0
26.6 BB hari ke 7 25 34.112 3.3584
28.3
44.1 BB hari ke 14 20 35.180 4.5601
25.6
45.7 BB hari ke 21 19 35.600 4.6859
24.2
44.5 BB hari ke 28 18 36.589 4.5383
44.7 BB hari ke 29 18 35.889 4.4790
20
24.3
43.1 One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test BB hari ke
BB hari ke
7 BB hari ke
14 BB hari ke
21 BB hari ke
28 BB hari ke
29 N
25
25
- .106
- .069 -.104 -.172 -.178 Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z .800 .686 .337 .455 .730 .756 Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) .545 .734 1.000 .986 .662 .617 a. Test distribution is Normal.
Lampiran 13. (lanjutan)
Descriptives
29.8
35.9 Dosis 8000 5 36.920 4.7426 2.1209 31.031 42.809
31.6
44.1 Total 25 34.112 3.3584 .6717 32.726 35.498
28.3
44.1 BB hari ke 14 Kontrol 5 34.400 4.0503 1.8114 29.371 39.429
30.4
39.9 Dosis 1000 5 35.040 5.4935 2.4567 28.219 41.861
25.6
39.5 Dosis 2000 5 34.500 4.5673 2.0425 28.829 40.171
40.7 Dosis 4000 3 34.567 1.9502 1.1260 29.722 39.411
35.6 Dosis 4000 5 33.920 2.3424 1.0476 31.011 36.829
33.2
36.8 Dosis 8000 2 40.100 7.9196 5.6000 -31.055 111.255
34.5
45.7 Total 20 35.180 4.5601 1.0197 33.046 37.314
25.6
45.7 BB hari ke 21 Kontrol 5 34.040 3.4624 1.5484 29.741 38.339
30.4
38.5 Dosis 1000 5 35.340 6.6830 2.9887 27.042 43.638
24.2
30.0
30.4
N Mean Std.
26.4 Dosis 2000 5 25.760 .6387 .2857 24.967 26.553
Deviation Std.
Error 95% Confidence Interval for Mean
Minimum Maximum Lower
Bound Upper
Bound BB hari ke 0
Kontrol 5 25.800 .6403 .2864 25.005 26.595
25.1
26.6 Dosis 1000 5 25.720 .5167 .2311 25.078 26.362
25.2
25.0
35.6 Dosis 2000 5 32.920 1.8887 .8446 30.575 35.265
26.5 Dosis 4000 5 25.800 .4472 .2000 25.245 26.355
25.3
26.4 Dosis 8000 5 25.940 .4722 .2112 25.354 26.526
25.3
26.6 Total 25 25.804 .5070 .1014 25.595 26.013
25.0
26.6 BB hari ke 7 Kontrol 5 32.580 4.3142 1.9294 27.223 37.937
28.3
37.3 Dosis 1000 5 34.220 1.6991 .7599 32.110 36.330
31.3
41.9 Dosis 5 35.960 3.9803 1.7801 31.018 40.902
30.8
40.3 2000 Dosis 3 35.067 2.4542 1.4170 28.970 41.163
32.7
37.6 4000 Dosis 1 44.500 . . . .
44.5
44.5 8000 Total 19 35.600 4.6859 1.0750 33.341 37.859
24.2
44.5 BB hari Kontrol 5 35.760 2.0379 .9114 33.230 38.290
33.4
38.0 ke 28 Dosis 5 36.180 6.9575 3.1115 27.541 44.819
24.7
41.9 1000 Dosis 5 36.420 4.1493 1.8556 31.268 41.572
29.9
40.5 2000 Dosis 2 36.050 .4950 .3500 31.603 40.497
35.7
36.4 4000 Dosis 1 44.700 . . . .
44.7
44.7 8000 Total 18 36.589 4.5383 1.0697 34.332 38.846
24.7
44.7 BB hari Kontrol 5 35.280 1.8061 .8077 33.037 37.523
33.1
37.2 ke 29 Dosis 5 35.840 7.1992 3.2196 26.901 44.779
24.3
41.7 1000 Dosis 5 35.580 3.9745 1.7775 30.645 40.515
29.1
39.4 2000 Dosis 2 34.700 .5657 .4000 29.618 39.782
34.3
35.1 4000 Dosis 1 43.100 . . . .
43.1
43.1 8000 Total 18 35.889 4.4790 1.0557 33.662 38.116
24.3
43.1
Lampiran 13. (lanjutan) ANOVA
Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. BB hari ke 0 Between Groups .138 4 .034 .114 .976
Within Groups 6.032 20 .302 Total 6.170
24 BB hari ke 7 Between Groups 58.506 4 14.627 1.379 .277 Within Groups 212.180 20 10.609 Total 270.686
24 BB hari ke 14 Between Groups 54.993 4 13.748 .606 .664 Within Groups 340.099 15 22.673 Total 395.092
19 BB hari ke 21 Between Groups 93.217 4 23.304 1.080 .403 Within Groups 302.023 14 21.573 Total 395.240
18 BB hari ke 28 Between Groups 70.785 4 17.696 .824 .533 Within Groups 279.353 13 21.489 Total 350.138
17 BB hari ke 29 Between Groups 57.170 4 14.292 .655 .634 Within Groups 283.868 13 21.836 Total 341.038
17
Lampiran 14. Hasil analisis spss rata-rata kadar ALT Descriptive Statistics
N Mean Std. Deviation Minimum Maximum nilai ALT 18 60.33 20.785
27
97 One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test nilai ALT N
18 Normal Parameters
a,b
Mean
60.33 Std. Deviation 20.785 Most Extreme Differences Absolute .131
Positive .131 Negative -.107
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z .557
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) .916 a. Test distribution is Normal.
b. Calculated from data.
Lampiran 14. (lanjutan)
Descriptives
nilai ALT 95% Confidence
Interval for Mean Me Std. Std. Lower Upper Mini Maxi
N an Deviation Error Bound Bound mum mum kontrol 5 35.20 6.058 2.709
27.68
42.72
27
43 dosis 5 56.40 8.792 3.932
45.48
67.32
42
64 1000 dosis
5 70.80 6.340 2.835
62.93
78.67
63
79 2000 dosis
2 88.50 3.536 2.500 56.73 120.27
86
91 4000 dosis
1 97.00 . . . .
97
97 8000
Total
18 60.33 20.785 4.899
50.00
70.67
27
97 ANOVA nilai ALT Sum of Mean Squares df Square F Sig. Between Groups 6714.700 4 1678.675 34.678 .000 Within Groups 629.300 13 48.408 Total 7344.000
17
- 4.400 .002 -34.12 -8.28 dosis 2000 -35.600
- 4.400 .000 -48.52 -22.68 dosis 4000 -53.300
- 5.821 .000 -70.39 -36.21 dosis 1000 kontrol 21.200
- 4.400 .002
- 4.400 .027 -27.32 -1.48 dosis 4000 -32.100
- 5.821 .001 -49.19 -15.01 dosis 2000 kontrol 35.600
- 4.400 .000
- 4.400 .027
- 5.821 .041 -34.79 -.61 dosis 4000 kontrol 53.300
- 5.821 .000
- 5.821 .001
- 5.821 .041 .61
nilai ALT
Tukey HSD
a,b
perlakuan N Subset for alpha = 0.05
1
2
3 kontrol
5
35.20 dosis 1000
5
56.40 dosis 2000
5
70.80 dosis 4000
2
88.50 Sig. 1.000 .065 1.000 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.
a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3.636.
b. The group sizes are unequal. The harmonic mean of the group sizes is used. Type I error levels are not guaranteed.
34.79 *. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.
49.19 dosis 2000 17.700
15.01
Bound Upper
Lampiran 14. (lanjutan)
Multiple Comparisons
nilai ALT Tukey HSD
(I) perlakuan (J) perlakuan
Mean Difference (I-
J) Std.
Error Sig.
95% Confidence Interval Lower
Bound kontrol dosis 1000 -21.200
70.39 dosis 1000 32.100
8.28
34.12 dosis 2000 -14.400
22.68
48.52 dosis 1000 14.400
1.48
27.32 dosis 4000 -17.700
36.21