CONSUMERISM AS AMERICAN LIFE STYLE IN P. J. HOGAN’S CONSUMERISM AS AMERICAN LIFE STYLE IN P. J. HOGAN’S CONFESSION OF SHOPAHOLIC (2009): A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH.
CONSUMERISM AS AMERICAN LIFE STYLE IN P. J. HOGAN’S
CONFESSION OF SHOPAHOLIC (2009):
A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by:
RENI DWI ASRIRIANTI
A. 320070077
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2011
APPROVAL
CONSUMERISM AS AMERICAN LIFE STYLE
IN P. J. HOGAN’S CONFESSION OF SHOPAHOLIC (2009):
A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH
by:
RENI DWI ASRIRIANTI
A 320070077
Approved to be Examined by Consultant Team
Consultant I
Consultant II
Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M.Hum.
Titis Setyabudi. S. Si.
ii
ACCEPTANCE
CONSUMERISM AS AMERICAN LIFE STYLE IN P. J. HOGAN’S
CONFESSION OF SHOPAHOLIC: A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH
by
RENI DWI ASRIRIANTI
A 320 070 077
Accepted and Approved by the Board of Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
on June
Team of Examiners:
1. Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum.
(
)
(
)
(Chair Person)
2. Titis Setyabudi, S. Si.
(Secretary)
3. Dr. Phill. Dewi Chandraningrum, M. Ed (
(Member)
Dean,
Drs. Sofyan Anif, M.Si
iii
)
TESTIMONY
Herewith, I testify that in this research paper there is no plagiarism of
the previous literary work which has been raised to obtain bachelor degree of
a university, nor there are opinions or masterpieces which have been written
or published by others, except those which the writing are referred in the
manuscript and mentioned in bibliography.
Hence later, if it is proven that there are some untrue statements in this
testimony, hence I will hold fully responsibility.
Surakarta,
June 2011
Reni Dwi A
iv
MOTTO
Ketahuilah olehmu
Ketika kau menangis sekian lama dan hatimu terasa pedih. ALLAH SWT
sudah menghitung air matamu.
Ketika segala sesuatu menjadi tidak masuk akal dan kau merasa
tertekan. ALLAH SWT dapat menenangkanmu.
Ketika kau merasa sendirian dan tidak ada seorangpun yang menemanimu.
ALLAH SWT selalu berada disampingmu
Ketika kau mendambakan sebuah cinta sejati yang tak kunjung datang.
ALLAH SWT mempunyai cinta dan kasih yang lebih besar dari
segalanya dan DIA telah menetapkan seseorang yang akan menjadi
pasanganmu kelak.
Ketika kau merasa dikhianati dan dikecewakan. ALLAH SWT dapat
menyembuhkan lukamu dan membuatmu tersenyum
Gamsahabnida
RDA
v
DEDICATION
This paper is dedicated to:
Allah SWT, the Supreme Being; Praise to Allah
SWT
Dedicated to my angels who enlighten my way:
Ibu & Bapak, the most precious treasures of my life, for watching me
out from my first step, gamsahabnida from your daughter.
Mba’ Didie and Adit, for my sister and brother, thanks to support me
with cheers and love, gumawo from RENI.
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.. anyonghaseyo….
Alhamdulillah, all praise just for Allah SWT who has given the
writer a chance to present this research as a partial fulfillment of the
requirements for getting Bachelor Degree of Education in English
Department. In presenting this paper, the writer realizes that without His
blessing, it is impossible for her to finish it.
The writer thanks to all people around her who have supported,
guided, and helped her in completing this paper. Those people are:
1. Drs. Sofyan Anif, M.Si, the Dean of School of Teacher Training and
Education.
2. Mr. Titis Setyabudi, S.Si, the head of English Department and her second
counsultant, who has permitted her to write this research paper,
3. Drs Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum, as the first consultant who has advised and
guided her during the arrangement of this research paper.
vii
4. Mr. Titis Setyabudi, S. Si, as the second consultant who has improved the
research’s writing in order to make this research paper more interesting to
read in correct sentences.
5. Drs. M. Thoyibi, SU., as the Academic Consultant.
6. All of English Department’s lecturers in Muhammadiyah University of
Surakarta.
7. Her researher’s BAPAK (bapak Suhartoyo, S.H) thanks for giving prayers,
loves, support, and spirit, patience, care and all the sacrifices.
8. Her researcher’s IBU (ibu Heny Purwatiningsih, S. Pd, M.Pd) the
irreplaceable people in her life, for the valuable and the greatest contribution.
9. Her sisters Dian Oktawijayanti, SE (Mba’ Didie) thanks for your support,
and share everything you have to her, and Adityo Wahyu Nurrendra for
always cheers her, and accompany her when she back to home. She is very
grateful has family like they are. Gamsabadnida ALLAH SWT
10. “her imut laptop”, for everything. Without you she can’t finish this research
paper even though often error, but she loves it so much.
11. Her dearly beloved in English Department “Zoezhop family”, Kiki thanks
for their togetherness, Siwi (her friends start from one semester until now),
dani adyo/ kepros (thanks for script of her movie), puput ari, wiwit, alfian
(for their joke, and can make her happy as study in here), minah/ maya (her
childhood friends, she hopes their best friendship forever until we die), enjoy
viii
their friendship and keep rock their friendship, they will miss tomorrow and
everyone who can’t be mentioned one by one, for being her friends in her
sadness and happiness.
12. All of her friends in RAPMA FM UMS: bug e (dery), cumi (trisum), and
another who can’t be mentioned one by one, for the support and loves.
13. Her friends in IPN Boarding house: Ella, Astro, mb.melia, mb. Iha, etc.
thanks for the joke and they share their happiness together.
14. Her friends in English Department class B.
15. Everyone who can’t be mentioned one by one for the spirit and support in
finishing this report.
The writer realizes that this research paper is far from being
perfect, in order to make it better, the writer will accept some advice and
critics. The last, the writer wishes this research paper would be useful for us.
Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
Surakarta, March, 2011
RDA
ix
SUMMARY
RENI DWI ASRIRIANTI. A320 070 077. CONSUMERISM AS AMERICAN
LIFE STYLE IN P. J. HOGAN’S CONFESSION OF SHOPAHOLIC: A
SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH. RESEARCH PAPER. MUHAMMADIYAH
UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. 2011.
The major problem of this study is to reveal how consumerism as American life style
are reflected in P.J. Hogan’s Confession of Shopaholic. The objective of this study is to
analyze the movie based on its structural elements and a sociological approach.
In analysis, the writer uses qualitative method. The object of the study is Confession
of Shopaholic released in 2009 in the United States. The data sources consist of primary and
secondary data sources. The primary data source is Rebecca Bloomwood movie itself and the
secondary data sources are the other sources related to the primary data such as the
information about the director’s biography, websites, and the historical background of
American in the early twenty first century. The method of the data collection are watching
the movie, taking notes the important data, arranging the data based on category of elements
of literature review, and the last is looking for the supporting data. The technique of data
analysis is descriptive analysis.
The outcome of the study is shown in the following conclusion. First, P.J. Hogan
wants to describe that people should stay away from consumerism because this is bring bad
habit for their life And people have to try stay away this habit. And the second, this movie
contains many facts that reflect American life style and American role.
Key words: consumerism as American life style, Rebecca Bloomwood,
Sociological
Consultant I
Consultant II
Drs Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum.
Titis Setyabudi, S. Si.
Dean
Drs. H. Sofyan Anif. M Si.
x
TABLE OF CONTENT
Page
COVER .................................................................................................................... i
APPROVAL ........................................................................................................... ii
ACCEPTANCE…………………………………………………………………. iii
TESTIMONY ......................................................................................................... iv
MOTTO .................................................................................................................. v
DEDICATION........................................................................................................ vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ....................................................................................... vi
SUMMARY ............................................................................................................ ix
TABLE OF CONTENT ......................................................................................... x
LIST OF FIGURE ………………………………………………………………. xv
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION .................................................................
1
A. Background of the Study ...............................................................
1
B. Literature Review ...........................................................................
8
xi
C. Problem Statement .........................................................................
9
D. Limitation of the Study ..................................................................
9
E. Objectives of the Study ..................................................................
9
F. Benefit of the Study .......................................................................
9
G. Research Method ...........................................................................
10
1. Type of the Study .....................................................................
10
2. Object of the Study ..................................................................
10
3. Type of the Data and the Data Source .....................................
11
4. Technique of the Data Collection ............................................
11
5. Technique of the Data Analysis ...............................................
11
H. Paper Organization.........................................................................
12
CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORY ..................................................
13
A. Sociology of Literature ........................................................................
13
B. Perspective of Sociology of Literature ................................................
16
C. Structural Elements of the Movie ........................................................
18
1. Narrative Elements .........................................................................
18
a. Character and Characterization ................................................
18
1) Casting ...............................................................................
19
2) Plot .....................................................................................
20
3) Setting ................................................................................
21
xii
4) Point of View .....................................................................
22
5) Theme… ............................................................................
2. Technical Elements ........................................................................
26
a. Mise- en- scene.........................................................................
26
1) Set Dressing and Prop ........................................................
27
2) Make- Up ...........................................................................
28
3) Lighting ..............................................................................
29
b. Cinematography .......................................................................
29
1) The Range of Tonalities .....................................................
29
2) Speed of Motion .................................................................
30
3) Perspective Relations .........................................................
30
4) Framing ..............................................................................
30
5) Sound .................................................................................
31
6) Editing ................................................................................
31
D. Theoretical Approach ...........................................................................
33
CHAPTER III: SOCIAL BACKGROUND OF AMERICAN SOCIETY EARLY
TWENTY FIRST CENTURIES .......................................................
34
A. Social Aspect .......................................................................................
34
B. Economic Aspect .................................................................................
37
C. Political Aspect ....................................................................................
38
xiii
D. Cultural Aspect…………………………………………………………
40
E. Science and Technology ......................................................................
42
F. Religious Aspect ..................................................................................
43
CHAPTER IV: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS .............................................
47
A. Structural Analysis of Confession of Shopaholic .................................
47
1. Narrative Elements .........................................................................
47
a. Character and Characterization ................................................
47
1) Major Charater ...................................................................
47
2) Minor Character .................................................................
52
b. Setting ......................................................................................
59
1) Setting of Place ..................................................................
59
2) Setting of Time ..................................................................
63
c. Plot ...........................................................................................
64
d. Point of View ...........................................................................
68
e. Theme ......................................................................................
70
f. Casting .....................................................................................
70
2. Technical Elements ........................................................................
71
a. Mise- en- scene.........................................................................
71
1) Set Dressing and Props ......................................................
71
2) Costume and Make- Up .....................................................
76
xiv
3) Lighting ..............................................................................
79
b. Cinematography .......................................................................
85
1) Photographical Qualities of Shot .......................................
85
2) Framing of Shot .................................................................
86
3) The Duration of Shot .........................................................
89
c. Sounds ......................................................................................
89
d. Editing ......................................................................................
93
B. Discussion ............................................................................................
95
CHAPTER V: SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS ...........................................
99
A. Sociological Analysis ...........................................................................
99
1. Social Aspect .................................................................................
99
2. Economic Aspect ...........................................................................
100
3. Political Aspect ..............................................................................
101
4. Cultural Aspect ..............................................................................
102
5. Religious Aspect ............................................................................
103
6. Science and Technological Aspect ................................................
104
B. Discussion ............................................................................................
105
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ...............................
108
A. Conclusion ...........................................................................................
108
xv
B. Suggestion ............................................................................................
BIBLIOGRAPHY
xvi
109
LIST OF FIGURE
1. Fig. 1. Rebecca Bloomwood ..............................................................
47
2. Fig. 2. Luke Brandon… .....................................................................
49
3. Fig. 3. Suze…. ...................................................................................
50
4. Fig. 4. Derek Smeath .........................................................................
52
5. Fig. 5. Jane and Graham Bloomwood… ............................................
53
6. Fig. 6. Alicia Billington… .................................................................
55
7. Fig. 7. Receptionist of Dantay West… ..............................................
56
8. Fig. 8. Tarkie ......................................................................................
57
9. Fig. 9. Fred Armisen ..........................................................................
57
10. Fig. 10. Haley .....................................................................................
58
11. Fig. 11. Allete ....................................................................................
58
12. Fig. 12. New York ............................................................................
59
13. Fig. 13. Dantay West Magazine .........................................................
60
14. Fig. 14. Successful Saving .................................................................
60
15. Fig. 15. Gardening Magazine.............................................................
61
16. Fig. 16. Suze’s Apartment .................................................................
61
17. Fig. 17. Miami....................................................................................
62
18. Fig. 18. Shopaholic Anonymous ........................................................
62
19. Fig. 19. Rebecca’s house ...................................................................
63
20. Fig. 20. Costume ................................................................................
64
xvii
21. Fig. 21. Shot 1 ....................................................................................
68
22. Fig. 22. Shot 2 ....................................................................................
68
23. Fig. 23. Rebecca in Thought… ..........................................................
69
24. Fig. 24. Rebecca and Suze in Dialogue .............................................
69
25. Fig. 25. Suze’s Apartment ................................................................
72
26. Fig. 26. Luke Brandon’s Room..........................................................
72
27. Fig. 27. Successful Saving’s Meeting Room .....................................
72
28. Fig. 28. Dantay West .........................................................................
73
29. Fig. 29. Book Store ............................................................................
73
30. Fig. 30. Conference ............................................................................
74
31. Fig. 31. Rebecca’s house Living Room .............................................
74
32. Fig. 32. Rebecca’s house Dining Room.............................................
74
33. Fig. 33. APA Conference ...................................................................
75
34. Fig. 34. TV Show ...............................................................................
75
35. Fig. 35. Shopaholic Anonymous ........................................................
76
36. Fig. 36. Big Hall.................................................................................
76
37. Fig. 37. Costume ................................................................................
77
38. Fig. 38. Costume ................................................................................
78
39. Fig. 39. Major Character Make- Up ...................................................
78
40. Fig. 40. Minor Character Make- Up ..................................................
79
41. Fig. 41. Rebecca When Dissapointed ................................................
79
xviii
42. Fig. 42. Hard Lighting .......................................................................
80
43. Fig. 43. Soft Lighting .........................................................................
81
44. Fig. 44. Frontal Lighting ....................................................................
81
45. Fig. 45. Side Lighting ........................................................................
82
46. Fig. 46. Back Lighting .......................................................................
82
47. Fig. 47. Under Lighting .....................................................................
83
48. Fig. 48. Top Lighting .........................................................................
83
49. Fig. 49. Source Lighting ....................................................................
84
50. Fig. 50. Red Color ..............................................................................
85
51. Fig. 51. Orange Color ........................................................................
85
52. Fig. 52. Outdoor Scene ......................................................................
86
53. Fig. 53. Indoor Scene .........................................................................
86
54. Fig. 54. Straight Angle .......................................................................
87
55. Fig. 55. High Angle ...........................................................................
87
56. Fig. 56. Low Angle ............................................................................
87
57. Fig. 57. Extreme Long Shot ...............................................................
88
58. Fig. 58. Long Shot .............................................................................
88
59. Fig. 59. Medium Long Shot ...............................................................
88
60. Fig. 60. Medium Shot ........................................................................
88
61. Fig. 61. Medium Close- Up Shot .......................................................
88
62. Fig. 62. Close- Up Shot......................................................................
88
xix
63. Fig. 63. Extreme Close- Up ...............................................................
89
64. Fig. 64. Axis of Action ......................................................................
94
65. Fig. 65. Establishing Shot 1 ...............................................................
94
66. Fig. 66. Establishing Shot 2 ...............................................................
94
67. Fig. 67. Reverse Shot 1 ......................................................................
95
68. Fig. 68. Reverse Shot 2 ......................................................................
95
69. Fig. 69. Eye Line Match ....................................................................
95
70. Fig. 70. Dance ....................................................................................
103
71. Fig. 71. Church ..................................................................................
104
72. Fig. 72. Computer and Internet ..........................................................
105
73. Fig. 73. Handphone ............................................................................
105
xx
CONFESSION OF SHOPAHOLIC (2009):
A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by:
RENI DWI ASRIRIANTI
A. 320070077
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2011
APPROVAL
CONSUMERISM AS AMERICAN LIFE STYLE
IN P. J. HOGAN’S CONFESSION OF SHOPAHOLIC (2009):
A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH
by:
RENI DWI ASRIRIANTI
A 320070077
Approved to be Examined by Consultant Team
Consultant I
Consultant II
Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M.Hum.
Titis Setyabudi. S. Si.
ii
ACCEPTANCE
CONSUMERISM AS AMERICAN LIFE STYLE IN P. J. HOGAN’S
CONFESSION OF SHOPAHOLIC: A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH
by
RENI DWI ASRIRIANTI
A 320 070 077
Accepted and Approved by the Board of Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
on June
Team of Examiners:
1. Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum.
(
)
(
)
(Chair Person)
2. Titis Setyabudi, S. Si.
(Secretary)
3. Dr. Phill. Dewi Chandraningrum, M. Ed (
(Member)
Dean,
Drs. Sofyan Anif, M.Si
iii
)
TESTIMONY
Herewith, I testify that in this research paper there is no plagiarism of
the previous literary work which has been raised to obtain bachelor degree of
a university, nor there are opinions or masterpieces which have been written
or published by others, except those which the writing are referred in the
manuscript and mentioned in bibliography.
Hence later, if it is proven that there are some untrue statements in this
testimony, hence I will hold fully responsibility.
Surakarta,
June 2011
Reni Dwi A
iv
MOTTO
Ketahuilah olehmu
Ketika kau menangis sekian lama dan hatimu terasa pedih. ALLAH SWT
sudah menghitung air matamu.
Ketika segala sesuatu menjadi tidak masuk akal dan kau merasa
tertekan. ALLAH SWT dapat menenangkanmu.
Ketika kau merasa sendirian dan tidak ada seorangpun yang menemanimu.
ALLAH SWT selalu berada disampingmu
Ketika kau mendambakan sebuah cinta sejati yang tak kunjung datang.
ALLAH SWT mempunyai cinta dan kasih yang lebih besar dari
segalanya dan DIA telah menetapkan seseorang yang akan menjadi
pasanganmu kelak.
Ketika kau merasa dikhianati dan dikecewakan. ALLAH SWT dapat
menyembuhkan lukamu dan membuatmu tersenyum
Gamsahabnida
RDA
v
DEDICATION
This paper is dedicated to:
Allah SWT, the Supreme Being; Praise to Allah
SWT
Dedicated to my angels who enlighten my way:
Ibu & Bapak, the most precious treasures of my life, for watching me
out from my first step, gamsahabnida from your daughter.
Mba’ Didie and Adit, for my sister and brother, thanks to support me
with cheers and love, gumawo from RENI.
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.. anyonghaseyo….
Alhamdulillah, all praise just for Allah SWT who has given the
writer a chance to present this research as a partial fulfillment of the
requirements for getting Bachelor Degree of Education in English
Department. In presenting this paper, the writer realizes that without His
blessing, it is impossible for her to finish it.
The writer thanks to all people around her who have supported,
guided, and helped her in completing this paper. Those people are:
1. Drs. Sofyan Anif, M.Si, the Dean of School of Teacher Training and
Education.
2. Mr. Titis Setyabudi, S.Si, the head of English Department and her second
counsultant, who has permitted her to write this research paper,
3. Drs Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum, as the first consultant who has advised and
guided her during the arrangement of this research paper.
vii
4. Mr. Titis Setyabudi, S. Si, as the second consultant who has improved the
research’s writing in order to make this research paper more interesting to
read in correct sentences.
5. Drs. M. Thoyibi, SU., as the Academic Consultant.
6. All of English Department’s lecturers in Muhammadiyah University of
Surakarta.
7. Her researher’s BAPAK (bapak Suhartoyo, S.H) thanks for giving prayers,
loves, support, and spirit, patience, care and all the sacrifices.
8. Her researcher’s IBU (ibu Heny Purwatiningsih, S. Pd, M.Pd) the
irreplaceable people in her life, for the valuable and the greatest contribution.
9. Her sisters Dian Oktawijayanti, SE (Mba’ Didie) thanks for your support,
and share everything you have to her, and Adityo Wahyu Nurrendra for
always cheers her, and accompany her when she back to home. She is very
grateful has family like they are. Gamsabadnida ALLAH SWT
10. “her imut laptop”, for everything. Without you she can’t finish this research
paper even though often error, but she loves it so much.
11. Her dearly beloved in English Department “Zoezhop family”, Kiki thanks
for their togetherness, Siwi (her friends start from one semester until now),
dani adyo/ kepros (thanks for script of her movie), puput ari, wiwit, alfian
(for their joke, and can make her happy as study in here), minah/ maya (her
childhood friends, she hopes their best friendship forever until we die), enjoy
viii
their friendship and keep rock their friendship, they will miss tomorrow and
everyone who can’t be mentioned one by one, for being her friends in her
sadness and happiness.
12. All of her friends in RAPMA FM UMS: bug e (dery), cumi (trisum), and
another who can’t be mentioned one by one, for the support and loves.
13. Her friends in IPN Boarding house: Ella, Astro, mb.melia, mb. Iha, etc.
thanks for the joke and they share their happiness together.
14. Her friends in English Department class B.
15. Everyone who can’t be mentioned one by one for the spirit and support in
finishing this report.
The writer realizes that this research paper is far from being
perfect, in order to make it better, the writer will accept some advice and
critics. The last, the writer wishes this research paper would be useful for us.
Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
Surakarta, March, 2011
RDA
ix
SUMMARY
RENI DWI ASRIRIANTI. A320 070 077. CONSUMERISM AS AMERICAN
LIFE STYLE IN P. J. HOGAN’S CONFESSION OF SHOPAHOLIC: A
SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH. RESEARCH PAPER. MUHAMMADIYAH
UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. 2011.
The major problem of this study is to reveal how consumerism as American life style
are reflected in P.J. Hogan’s Confession of Shopaholic. The objective of this study is to
analyze the movie based on its structural elements and a sociological approach.
In analysis, the writer uses qualitative method. The object of the study is Confession
of Shopaholic released in 2009 in the United States. The data sources consist of primary and
secondary data sources. The primary data source is Rebecca Bloomwood movie itself and the
secondary data sources are the other sources related to the primary data such as the
information about the director’s biography, websites, and the historical background of
American in the early twenty first century. The method of the data collection are watching
the movie, taking notes the important data, arranging the data based on category of elements
of literature review, and the last is looking for the supporting data. The technique of data
analysis is descriptive analysis.
The outcome of the study is shown in the following conclusion. First, P.J. Hogan
wants to describe that people should stay away from consumerism because this is bring bad
habit for their life And people have to try stay away this habit. And the second, this movie
contains many facts that reflect American life style and American role.
Key words: consumerism as American life style, Rebecca Bloomwood,
Sociological
Consultant I
Consultant II
Drs Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum.
Titis Setyabudi, S. Si.
Dean
Drs. H. Sofyan Anif. M Si.
x
TABLE OF CONTENT
Page
COVER .................................................................................................................... i
APPROVAL ........................................................................................................... ii
ACCEPTANCE…………………………………………………………………. iii
TESTIMONY ......................................................................................................... iv
MOTTO .................................................................................................................. v
DEDICATION........................................................................................................ vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ....................................................................................... vi
SUMMARY ............................................................................................................ ix
TABLE OF CONTENT ......................................................................................... x
LIST OF FIGURE ………………………………………………………………. xv
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION .................................................................
1
A. Background of the Study ...............................................................
1
B. Literature Review ...........................................................................
8
xi
C. Problem Statement .........................................................................
9
D. Limitation of the Study ..................................................................
9
E. Objectives of the Study ..................................................................
9
F. Benefit of the Study .......................................................................
9
G. Research Method ...........................................................................
10
1. Type of the Study .....................................................................
10
2. Object of the Study ..................................................................
10
3. Type of the Data and the Data Source .....................................
11
4. Technique of the Data Collection ............................................
11
5. Technique of the Data Analysis ...............................................
11
H. Paper Organization.........................................................................
12
CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORY ..................................................
13
A. Sociology of Literature ........................................................................
13
B. Perspective of Sociology of Literature ................................................
16
C. Structural Elements of the Movie ........................................................
18
1. Narrative Elements .........................................................................
18
a. Character and Characterization ................................................
18
1) Casting ...............................................................................
19
2) Plot .....................................................................................
20
3) Setting ................................................................................
21
xii
4) Point of View .....................................................................
22
5) Theme… ............................................................................
2. Technical Elements ........................................................................
26
a. Mise- en- scene.........................................................................
26
1) Set Dressing and Prop ........................................................
27
2) Make- Up ...........................................................................
28
3) Lighting ..............................................................................
29
b. Cinematography .......................................................................
29
1) The Range of Tonalities .....................................................
29
2) Speed of Motion .................................................................
30
3) Perspective Relations .........................................................
30
4) Framing ..............................................................................
30
5) Sound .................................................................................
31
6) Editing ................................................................................
31
D. Theoretical Approach ...........................................................................
33
CHAPTER III: SOCIAL BACKGROUND OF AMERICAN SOCIETY EARLY
TWENTY FIRST CENTURIES .......................................................
34
A. Social Aspect .......................................................................................
34
B. Economic Aspect .................................................................................
37
C. Political Aspect ....................................................................................
38
xiii
D. Cultural Aspect…………………………………………………………
40
E. Science and Technology ......................................................................
42
F. Religious Aspect ..................................................................................
43
CHAPTER IV: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS .............................................
47
A. Structural Analysis of Confession of Shopaholic .................................
47
1. Narrative Elements .........................................................................
47
a. Character and Characterization ................................................
47
1) Major Charater ...................................................................
47
2) Minor Character .................................................................
52
b. Setting ......................................................................................
59
1) Setting of Place ..................................................................
59
2) Setting of Time ..................................................................
63
c. Plot ...........................................................................................
64
d. Point of View ...........................................................................
68
e. Theme ......................................................................................
70
f. Casting .....................................................................................
70
2. Technical Elements ........................................................................
71
a. Mise- en- scene.........................................................................
71
1) Set Dressing and Props ......................................................
71
2) Costume and Make- Up .....................................................
76
xiv
3) Lighting ..............................................................................
79
b. Cinematography .......................................................................
85
1) Photographical Qualities of Shot .......................................
85
2) Framing of Shot .................................................................
86
3) The Duration of Shot .........................................................
89
c. Sounds ......................................................................................
89
d. Editing ......................................................................................
93
B. Discussion ............................................................................................
95
CHAPTER V: SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS ...........................................
99
A. Sociological Analysis ...........................................................................
99
1. Social Aspect .................................................................................
99
2. Economic Aspect ...........................................................................
100
3. Political Aspect ..............................................................................
101
4. Cultural Aspect ..............................................................................
102
5. Religious Aspect ............................................................................
103
6. Science and Technological Aspect ................................................
104
B. Discussion ............................................................................................
105
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ...............................
108
A. Conclusion ...........................................................................................
108
xv
B. Suggestion ............................................................................................
BIBLIOGRAPHY
xvi
109
LIST OF FIGURE
1. Fig. 1. Rebecca Bloomwood ..............................................................
47
2. Fig. 2. Luke Brandon… .....................................................................
49
3. Fig. 3. Suze…. ...................................................................................
50
4. Fig. 4. Derek Smeath .........................................................................
52
5. Fig. 5. Jane and Graham Bloomwood… ............................................
53
6. Fig. 6. Alicia Billington… .................................................................
55
7. Fig. 7. Receptionist of Dantay West… ..............................................
56
8. Fig. 8. Tarkie ......................................................................................
57
9. Fig. 9. Fred Armisen ..........................................................................
57
10. Fig. 10. Haley .....................................................................................
58
11. Fig. 11. Allete ....................................................................................
58
12. Fig. 12. New York ............................................................................
59
13. Fig. 13. Dantay West Magazine .........................................................
60
14. Fig. 14. Successful Saving .................................................................
60
15. Fig. 15. Gardening Magazine.............................................................
61
16. Fig. 16. Suze’s Apartment .................................................................
61
17. Fig. 17. Miami....................................................................................
62
18. Fig. 18. Shopaholic Anonymous ........................................................
62
19. Fig. 19. Rebecca’s house ...................................................................
63
20. Fig. 20. Costume ................................................................................
64
xvii
21. Fig. 21. Shot 1 ....................................................................................
68
22. Fig. 22. Shot 2 ....................................................................................
68
23. Fig. 23. Rebecca in Thought… ..........................................................
69
24. Fig. 24. Rebecca and Suze in Dialogue .............................................
69
25. Fig. 25. Suze’s Apartment ................................................................
72
26. Fig. 26. Luke Brandon’s Room..........................................................
72
27. Fig. 27. Successful Saving’s Meeting Room .....................................
72
28. Fig. 28. Dantay West .........................................................................
73
29. Fig. 29. Book Store ............................................................................
73
30. Fig. 30. Conference ............................................................................
74
31. Fig. 31. Rebecca’s house Living Room .............................................
74
32. Fig. 32. Rebecca’s house Dining Room.............................................
74
33. Fig. 33. APA Conference ...................................................................
75
34. Fig. 34. TV Show ...............................................................................
75
35. Fig. 35. Shopaholic Anonymous ........................................................
76
36. Fig. 36. Big Hall.................................................................................
76
37. Fig. 37. Costume ................................................................................
77
38. Fig. 38. Costume ................................................................................
78
39. Fig. 39. Major Character Make- Up ...................................................
78
40. Fig. 40. Minor Character Make- Up ..................................................
79
41. Fig. 41. Rebecca When Dissapointed ................................................
79
xviii
42. Fig. 42. Hard Lighting .......................................................................
80
43. Fig. 43. Soft Lighting .........................................................................
81
44. Fig. 44. Frontal Lighting ....................................................................
81
45. Fig. 45. Side Lighting ........................................................................
82
46. Fig. 46. Back Lighting .......................................................................
82
47. Fig. 47. Under Lighting .....................................................................
83
48. Fig. 48. Top Lighting .........................................................................
83
49. Fig. 49. Source Lighting ....................................................................
84
50. Fig. 50. Red Color ..............................................................................
85
51. Fig. 51. Orange Color ........................................................................
85
52. Fig. 52. Outdoor Scene ......................................................................
86
53. Fig. 53. Indoor Scene .........................................................................
86
54. Fig. 54. Straight Angle .......................................................................
87
55. Fig. 55. High Angle ...........................................................................
87
56. Fig. 56. Low Angle ............................................................................
87
57. Fig. 57. Extreme Long Shot ...............................................................
88
58. Fig. 58. Long Shot .............................................................................
88
59. Fig. 59. Medium Long Shot ...............................................................
88
60. Fig. 60. Medium Shot ........................................................................
88
61. Fig. 61. Medium Close- Up Shot .......................................................
88
62. Fig. 62. Close- Up Shot......................................................................
88
xix
63. Fig. 63. Extreme Close- Up ...............................................................
89
64. Fig. 64. Axis of Action ......................................................................
94
65. Fig. 65. Establishing Shot 1 ...............................................................
94
66. Fig. 66. Establishing Shot 2 ...............................................................
94
67. Fig. 67. Reverse Shot 1 ......................................................................
95
68. Fig. 68. Reverse Shot 2 ......................................................................
95
69. Fig. 69. Eye Line Match ....................................................................
95
70. Fig. 70. Dance ....................................................................................
103
71. Fig. 71. Church ..................................................................................
104
72. Fig. 72. Computer and Internet ..........................................................
105
73. Fig. 73. Handphone ............................................................................
105
xx