A CHILD STRUGGLE TO SURVIVE IN A CHILD STRUGGLE TO SURVIVE IN A CHILD CALLED IT NOVEL BY DAVE PELZER (1995): A HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH.
A CHILD STRUGGLE TO SURVIVE IN
A CHILD CALLED IT NOVEL BY DAVE PELZER (1995):
A HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting the Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by
YUNIATI KHOLIFAH
A 320 070 226
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2011
APPROVAL
A CHILD STRUGGLE TO SURVIVE IN
A CHILD CALLED IT NOVEL BY DAVE PELZER (1995):
A HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
by
YUNIATI KHOLIFAH
A 320 070 226
Approved to be Examined by the Consultant Team
Consultant I
Consultant II
Dr. Phil Dewi Candraningrum, M.Ed.
Titis Setyabudi, S.S, M.Hum.
i
ACCEPTANCE
A CHILD STRUGGLE TO SURVIVE IN
A CHILD CALLED IT NOVEL BY DAVE PELZER (1995):
A HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
by
YUNIATI KHOLIFAH
A 320 070 226
Accepted and Approved by Board of Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
on July , 2011
Team of Examiners
1. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M.Ed.
(.............................)
(Chair Person)
2. Titis Setyabudi, S.S, M.Hum.
(.............................)
(Member I)
3. Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M.Hum.
(.............................)
(Member II)
Dean
Drs. H. Sofyan Hanif, M. Si.
NIK. 547
ii
TESTIMONY
I here with assert that here is no plagiarism in this research paper. There is
no other work that has been submitted to obtain the bachelor degree and as far as I
am concerned there is no opinion that has been written or published before, except
the written references which are reffered in this paper and mentioned in the
bibliography. If any incorrectness is proved in the future dealing with my
statement above, I will be fully responsible.
Surakarta,
of July 2011
The writer
iii
MOTTO
you recognize birds from their singing, you do people from
their talks
( burung dikenal dari nyanyiannya, manusia dikenal dari kata-katanya)
a healthy man has a hundred wishes, a sick man has only one
(orang yang sehat hanya mempunyai seratus keinginan, orang yang sakit
hanya punya satu keinginan)
Only the man who is in the truth is a free man
(hanya orang yang berada dalam kebenaran yang bisa merasa bebas)
iv
DEDICATION
This research paper is proudly dedicated to:
1.
Allah SWT and Muhammad SAW
2.
My greatest parents for everything
3.
MY beloved sister and brother
4.
All my families and friends
v
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
Alhamdulillahirobil’alamin, praise and gratitude only to Allah SWT, the
Glorious, the Lord and the Almighty, the Merciful, who has given bless and the
opportunity for the writer to finish the paper entitled “A Child Struggle to Survive
in A Child Called It Novel By Dave Pelzer (1995): A Humanistic Psychological
Approach“. Greeting and invacation are presented to the Prophet Muhammad saw,
who has guided to right path blessed by the Lord.
The writer realizes it is impossible to finish unity the paper without any
other. Therefore, the writer would like to express her deepest appreciation and
gratitude to persons who have given contribution to her to finish writing the
paper, among other are:
1. Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M. Si., as the dean of School of Teacher Training and
Education Faculty of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
2. Titis Setyabudi, S. Si., as the head of English Department of Muhammadiyah
University of Surakarta.
3. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, as the first consultant and academic consultant
who has patiently guided and helped her in preparing and finishing her study.
4. Titis Setyabudi, S.Si, as the second consultant who has guided her in
completing and finishing her research paper.
5. All lectures of English Department who has given their knowlegde and
experiance.
vi
6. All librarians who have given permission to get privileges in many the
required referencees.
7. Her mother and father, for their everlasting love, care, and support.
8. Her best friends Hidayah, Dwi M, Arini, Erna, and Puji who have given
support , advise and love.
9. Last but not least, those who cannot be mentioned one by one, which have
supported her to rech her dream.
She relizes that this research paper is still far from being perfect because of
limited capability. This revision, suggestion, and structural criticism are haped for
the perfection of this work. She wishes this research paper would be useful and
helpful to all readers. Amin.
Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
Surakarta,
of July, 2011
The writer
vii
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE .............................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL ....................................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTANCE ..............................................................................................
iii
TESTIMONY .................................................................................................
iv
MOTTO ..........................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION ................................................................................................
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ...............................................................................
vii
TABLE OF CONTENT .................................................................................
ix
ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................
xii
CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study .....................................................
1
B. Literature Review ................................................................
6
C. Problem Statement ...............................................................
7
D. Limitation of the Study ........................................................
7
E. Objectives of the Study ........................................................
7
F. Benefit of the Study ..............................................................
7
G. Research Method .................................................................
7
H. Research Paper Organization ..............................................
9
CHAPTER II : UNDERLYING THEORY
A. Notion of Humanistic Psychology ......................................
10
B. Major Principles of Humanistic Psychology .......................
11
viii
C. Structural Elements of Novel ..............................................
16
D. Theoretical Application .......................................................
19
CHAPTER III : STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
A. Structural Analysis of A Child Called It Novel ...................
21
1. Character and Characterization .......................................
21
2. Plot ..................................................................................
24
3. Theme ..............................................................................
28
4. Point of View...................................................................
28
5. Tone and Style .................................................................
29
6. Setting .............................................................................
31
B. Discussion ...........................................................................
32
CHAPTER VI : HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
A. Humanistic Psychological Analysis ....................................
34
1. Psychological Needs .......................................................
35
2. Safety Needs....................................................................
37
3. The Belongingness and Love Needs ...............................
38
4. Self Esteem Needs...........................................................
39
5. Self-Actualization Needs ................................................
41
B. Discussion ...........................................................................
42
CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion ..........................................................................
45
B. Suggestion ...........................................................................
46
BIBLIOGRAPHY
ix
VIRTUAL REFERENCES
APPENDIX
x
ABSTRACT
YUNIATI KHOLIFAH. A 320070226. A CHILD STRUGGLE TO SURVIVE
IN A CHILD CALLED IT NOVEL BY DAVE PELZER (1995): A
HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH. MUHAMMADIYAH
UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. RESEARCH PAPER. 2011
The major problem of this study is how a child struggle to survive is
reflected in A Child Called It novel by Dave Pelzer. The aim of this study is to
analyze the novel based on the structural elements and to analyze the novel based
on the humanistic psychological approach.
This study belongs to qualitative method. In this method, there are two
types of data source, namely primary and secondary data source. The primary data
source is A Child Called It novel itself, while secondary data are taken from some
information needed. The benefit of this study is to give additional information
which can be used by other literature researchers who are interested in analyzing
this novel.
Based on the analysis the writer draws some conclusion as follows. First,
the story of this novel is based on true story. There is a struggle to survive. So, it
has relationship between the struggle and Humanistic Psychological. Second, after
analyzing the structural elements of the novel, it can be concluded that all the
structural elements, namely, Character and characterization, setting, plot, point of
view, theme, and figurative language has a unity. Finally, the humanistic
psychological analysis shows that people will do everything to achieve their goal.
Dave pelzer, as the main character describes and shows his struggle to fulfill the
needs which are evaluated in Humanistic Psychological approach. Dave only can
complete the first basic need, physiological needs, and it is not easy.
Consultant I
Consultant II
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M.Ed.
Titis Setyabudi, S.S, M.Hum.
Dean,
Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M.Si.
NIK. 547
xi
A CHILD CALLED IT NOVEL BY DAVE PELZER (1995):
A HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting the Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by
YUNIATI KHOLIFAH
A 320 070 226
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2011
APPROVAL
A CHILD STRUGGLE TO SURVIVE IN
A CHILD CALLED IT NOVEL BY DAVE PELZER (1995):
A HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
by
YUNIATI KHOLIFAH
A 320 070 226
Approved to be Examined by the Consultant Team
Consultant I
Consultant II
Dr. Phil Dewi Candraningrum, M.Ed.
Titis Setyabudi, S.S, M.Hum.
i
ACCEPTANCE
A CHILD STRUGGLE TO SURVIVE IN
A CHILD CALLED IT NOVEL BY DAVE PELZER (1995):
A HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
by
YUNIATI KHOLIFAH
A 320 070 226
Accepted and Approved by Board of Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
on July , 2011
Team of Examiners
1. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M.Ed.
(.............................)
(Chair Person)
2. Titis Setyabudi, S.S, M.Hum.
(.............................)
(Member I)
3. Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M.Hum.
(.............................)
(Member II)
Dean
Drs. H. Sofyan Hanif, M. Si.
NIK. 547
ii
TESTIMONY
I here with assert that here is no plagiarism in this research paper. There is
no other work that has been submitted to obtain the bachelor degree and as far as I
am concerned there is no opinion that has been written or published before, except
the written references which are reffered in this paper and mentioned in the
bibliography. If any incorrectness is proved in the future dealing with my
statement above, I will be fully responsible.
Surakarta,
of July 2011
The writer
iii
MOTTO
you recognize birds from their singing, you do people from
their talks
( burung dikenal dari nyanyiannya, manusia dikenal dari kata-katanya)
a healthy man has a hundred wishes, a sick man has only one
(orang yang sehat hanya mempunyai seratus keinginan, orang yang sakit
hanya punya satu keinginan)
Only the man who is in the truth is a free man
(hanya orang yang berada dalam kebenaran yang bisa merasa bebas)
iv
DEDICATION
This research paper is proudly dedicated to:
1.
Allah SWT and Muhammad SAW
2.
My greatest parents for everything
3.
MY beloved sister and brother
4.
All my families and friends
v
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
Alhamdulillahirobil’alamin, praise and gratitude only to Allah SWT, the
Glorious, the Lord and the Almighty, the Merciful, who has given bless and the
opportunity for the writer to finish the paper entitled “A Child Struggle to Survive
in A Child Called It Novel By Dave Pelzer (1995): A Humanistic Psychological
Approach“. Greeting and invacation are presented to the Prophet Muhammad saw,
who has guided to right path blessed by the Lord.
The writer realizes it is impossible to finish unity the paper without any
other. Therefore, the writer would like to express her deepest appreciation and
gratitude to persons who have given contribution to her to finish writing the
paper, among other are:
1. Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M. Si., as the dean of School of Teacher Training and
Education Faculty of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
2. Titis Setyabudi, S. Si., as the head of English Department of Muhammadiyah
University of Surakarta.
3. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, as the first consultant and academic consultant
who has patiently guided and helped her in preparing and finishing her study.
4. Titis Setyabudi, S.Si, as the second consultant who has guided her in
completing and finishing her research paper.
5. All lectures of English Department who has given their knowlegde and
experiance.
vi
6. All librarians who have given permission to get privileges in many the
required referencees.
7. Her mother and father, for their everlasting love, care, and support.
8. Her best friends Hidayah, Dwi M, Arini, Erna, and Puji who have given
support , advise and love.
9. Last but not least, those who cannot be mentioned one by one, which have
supported her to rech her dream.
She relizes that this research paper is still far from being perfect because of
limited capability. This revision, suggestion, and structural criticism are haped for
the perfection of this work. She wishes this research paper would be useful and
helpful to all readers. Amin.
Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
Surakarta,
of July, 2011
The writer
vii
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE .............................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL ....................................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTANCE ..............................................................................................
iii
TESTIMONY .................................................................................................
iv
MOTTO ..........................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION ................................................................................................
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ...............................................................................
vii
TABLE OF CONTENT .................................................................................
ix
ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................
xii
CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study .....................................................
1
B. Literature Review ................................................................
6
C. Problem Statement ...............................................................
7
D. Limitation of the Study ........................................................
7
E. Objectives of the Study ........................................................
7
F. Benefit of the Study ..............................................................
7
G. Research Method .................................................................
7
H. Research Paper Organization ..............................................
9
CHAPTER II : UNDERLYING THEORY
A. Notion of Humanistic Psychology ......................................
10
B. Major Principles of Humanistic Psychology .......................
11
viii
C. Structural Elements of Novel ..............................................
16
D. Theoretical Application .......................................................
19
CHAPTER III : STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
A. Structural Analysis of A Child Called It Novel ...................
21
1. Character and Characterization .......................................
21
2. Plot ..................................................................................
24
3. Theme ..............................................................................
28
4. Point of View...................................................................
28
5. Tone and Style .................................................................
29
6. Setting .............................................................................
31
B. Discussion ...........................................................................
32
CHAPTER VI : HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
A. Humanistic Psychological Analysis ....................................
34
1. Psychological Needs .......................................................
35
2. Safety Needs....................................................................
37
3. The Belongingness and Love Needs ...............................
38
4. Self Esteem Needs...........................................................
39
5. Self-Actualization Needs ................................................
41
B. Discussion ...........................................................................
42
CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion ..........................................................................
45
B. Suggestion ...........................................................................
46
BIBLIOGRAPHY
ix
VIRTUAL REFERENCES
APPENDIX
x
ABSTRACT
YUNIATI KHOLIFAH. A 320070226. A CHILD STRUGGLE TO SURVIVE
IN A CHILD CALLED IT NOVEL BY DAVE PELZER (1995): A
HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH. MUHAMMADIYAH
UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. RESEARCH PAPER. 2011
The major problem of this study is how a child struggle to survive is
reflected in A Child Called It novel by Dave Pelzer. The aim of this study is to
analyze the novel based on the structural elements and to analyze the novel based
on the humanistic psychological approach.
This study belongs to qualitative method. In this method, there are two
types of data source, namely primary and secondary data source. The primary data
source is A Child Called It novel itself, while secondary data are taken from some
information needed. The benefit of this study is to give additional information
which can be used by other literature researchers who are interested in analyzing
this novel.
Based on the analysis the writer draws some conclusion as follows. First,
the story of this novel is based on true story. There is a struggle to survive. So, it
has relationship between the struggle and Humanistic Psychological. Second, after
analyzing the structural elements of the novel, it can be concluded that all the
structural elements, namely, Character and characterization, setting, plot, point of
view, theme, and figurative language has a unity. Finally, the humanistic
psychological analysis shows that people will do everything to achieve their goal.
Dave pelzer, as the main character describes and shows his struggle to fulfill the
needs which are evaluated in Humanistic Psychological approach. Dave only can
complete the first basic need, physiological needs, and it is not easy.
Consultant I
Consultant II
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M.Ed.
Titis Setyabudi, S.S, M.Hum.
Dean,
Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M.Si.
NIK. 547
xi