AN ANALYSIS OF SHANE’S STRUGGLE TO SAVE THE STARRETT’S FARM IN THE NOVEL “SHANE” BY JACK SCHAEFER

AN ANALYSIS OF SHANE’S STRUGGLE TO SAVE THE

STARRETT’S FARM IN THE NOVEL “SHANE” BY

JACK SCHAEFER

THESIS

BY:

IZZA RISDANI

06360068

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

AN ANALYSIS OF SHANE’S STRUGGLE TO SAVE THE

STARRETT’S FARM IN THE NOVEL “SHANE” BY

JACK SCHAEFER

THESIS

By:

IZZA RISDANI

06360068

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

AN ANALYSIS OF SHANE’S STRUGGLE TO SAVE THE

STARRETT’S FARM IN THE NOVEL “SHANE” BY

JACK SCHAEFER

THESIS

This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve

Sarjana Degree in English Education

BY:

IZZA RISDANI

06360068

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

iii

MOTTO AND DEDICATION

“There is a will there is a way”

DEDICATION:

I dedicat ed t his t hesis t o: My beloved mot her and f at her, My sist ers, And my best f riends.

iv

ACKNOWNLEDGMENTS

Alhamdulillah, all praise is to Allah SWT, the Merciful and Charitable.

Because of His guidance, blessing and affection, the writer can finish this thesis.

The writer also expresses her deepest gratitude to Mrs. Dra. Thathit Manon

Andini, M.Hum and Mrs. Dra. Erly Wahyuni, M.Si for their advice, correction,

motivation, and ideas in guiding her thesis. The writer’s gratitude also goes to all the

lecturers of English department of University of Muhammadiyah Malang for

knowledge.

The writer dedicated her deepest love and sincere to her beloved Mother

(Ramjiah), Father (Buang Hamdani, S. IP), and sisters (Wiwi and Nana), who give

her support and prayers so that this thesis can be completed.

To all her best friends (Kakayo Rezka, Uic, Depai, mak Dilla, Yua, Indro,

Viona Patricia, Pina, Eci, Nay, Dian and Marini) and GJB friends, she also expresses

her deepest gratitude because of their togetherness and kindness and to Mr. A for

becoming her inspiration. To her friends at campus (Vike, Ratih, and Budi), the writer

also would dedicate her thanks for their help and their support and for all her friends

vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS

APPROVAL ... i

LEGALIZATION ... ii

MOTTO & DEDICATION ... iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ... iv

ABSTRACT ... v

TABLE OF CONTENTS ... vi

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ... 1

1.1 Background of the Study ... 1

1.2 Statement of the Problem ... 4

1.3 Purpose of the Study ... 5

1.4 Significance of the Study ... 5

1.5 Scope and Limitation ... 5

1.6 Definition of Key Terms ... 6

CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ... 7

2.1 Literature ... 7

2.2 Novel ... 8

2.3 Kinds of Novel ... 9

2.3.1 Adventure Novel ... 9

2.3.2 Psychological Novel ... 9

2.3.3 Detective Novel ... 9

2.3.4 Social Novel ... 9

2.3.5 Political Novel ... 10

2.3.6 Collective Novel ... 10

2.4 Elements of Novel ... 10

2.4.1 Character ... 10

vii

2.4.3 Conflict ... 12

2.4.4 Plot ... 12

2.4.5 Point of View ... 14

2.4.6 Theme ... 15

2.4.7 Setting ... 15

2.5.1 Struggle and Its Effect ... 16

2.5.2 Effect of Struggle ... 17

CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ... 19

3.1 Research Design ... 19

3.2 Approach. ... 20

3.3 Research Object ... 21

3.4 Data Collection ... 22

3.5 Data Analysis ... 22

CHAPTER IV: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ... 23

4.1 Findings... 23

4.1.1 Shane’s Struggle to Save the Starrett’s farm ... 23

4.1.1.1 Shane becomes a farmhand ... 24

4.1.1.2 Shane gets into a fistfight with Fletcher’s men ... 25

4.1.2 The Effect of Shane’s struggle toward Starrett’s family ... 28

4.2.1 Starrett’s family can save their farm from Fletcher ... 28

4.2.2 Starrett’s family losses Shane ... 29

4.2 Discussion ... 30

CHAPTER V: CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS ... 32

5.1 Conclusions ... 32

viii REFERENCES

APPENDIX I APPENDIX II

REFERENCES

Arp, T.R. and Johnson, Greg. 2006. Perrines' Literature Structure, Sound and Sense

Ninth Edition. US America: Thomson Wadsworth Inc.

Ary, D., Jacobs, and Razavieh, A. 2002. Introduction to Research in Education Sixth

Edition. US: Thomson Wadsworth Inc.

Kennedy, X.J. 1984. Literature An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama Third

Edition. Toronto: Little, Brown and Company.

Koesnosoebroto, S.B. 1988. The Anatomy of Prose Fiction. Jakarta: Depdikbud, Dikti, P2LPTK.

Macmillan. 1984. Understanding Literature. California: Macmillan Publishing a division of Macmillan Inc.

Meyer, Michael. 1990. The Bedford Introduction to Literature. Boston: Bedford books of St Martin's Press.

Schmidt, J. Z., and Bogarad, C. R. 2006. Legacies Fiction, Poetry, Drama,

1

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Chapter 1 of this thesis presents such topic as: background of study, statement

of problem, purpose of study, significance of study, scope and limitation, and

definition of key terms. Each section is presented as follows.

1.1Background of Study

Literature is always interesting to be discussed. It gives different impression

and knowledge for everyone. Therefore, human’s expression can be shown with any

and different ways just depends on how they see things or on what views. The

expression of human life sometimes is shown from literary works such as novel,

poem, and drama.

Reading literature is important because it can provide people with valuable

and useful knowledge. Reading literature has some advantages. First, the readers can

enrich their vocabularies and add their understanding about the meaning of the

sentences in the novel. Second, readers can get some inspirations and widen their

knowledge about foreign culture. Third, readers can see the reflection of real life

which is complex with many conflicts to be faced, for instance struggles in life,

problems with others, and social interaction.

According to Meyer, literature is described as a fiction has consists of

2

when the authors create a fiction, they stir their imagination and choose every word

that they want to write carefully so that it can be understood by readers. For example,

when authors write a story, they build their own imagination and write it down as

clearly as possible. Even some words will sound strange or too imaginative; it will

help the readers understand about the authors’ thought or what they want to say.

There are many kinds of literary works, such as novel, drama, poetry, and

short story. All kinds of literary works help people grow both personality and

intellectuality. Literary works also enable the readers to recognize human dreams and

struggles in different societies that they would never know before. Novel is one form

of literary works that often try to reflect human life by portraying the mental and

inner mind of the characters.

Novel comes from Latin word, novellas that means new, because if we

compare with the others, like poetry, drama, and so on, it is the newest one. Novel

has certain length and describes the characters and scene of representative real life in

a plot or chaotic situation.

By reading a novel, people get worthwhile lessons. Novel tells about a

description and mirror of human life that may include references to real place, people,

and event. It gives not only joy and great pleasure but also messages and lesson that

people can apply in life which they can get those from many conflicts that has to be

faced by the character so people know the way to handle difficult situation and other

3

Novel is chosen because it can improve knowledge in literature. On the other

hand, it can give a new knowledge about another science different from the writer’s

study about education in English department. In a novel, there are many things that

we can analyze, for example we can analyze about theme, subject matter, plot or

characterization. On the other hand, from the novel we can also analyze about the

mission faced by the characters or the intrigue that happened in the novel. In reading

a novel, the readers will not only get enjoyment but they also be brought into a vast,

lose, and fresh relationship to life since novel may be called as the imitation of life.

They can get a better view of things that happen in the people’s mind. Besides, it also

invites our emotional and intellectual involvement and also our response to the story.

It means that when reading a novel, the readers will get involved in the experience

that faced by the characters.

In this research, the writer tries to analyze about the struggle of one of the

main characters in this novel, because struggle is very important in life and also life is

full of struggle to reach everything what we want in this world. There are some

previous researches that related to this research. One of the researches was conducted

by Konsuratmiwati (2006). Her study was an analysis of Mitch Mc Deere’s struggles

in John Grisham’s novel “The Firm’. The result of her research showed that the

Mitch Mc Deere’s struggles are the struggle to finish his study and struggle to find

out a mystery in the firm. Another research was conducted by Dewi (2009). Her study

was analysis of the main characters’ struggles in “Kramer vs Kramer” novel by Avery

4

struggles as a single parent, struggles to get the job, and struggles to defend of his

child. The last was conducted by Chasanah (2005). Her study was an analysis of

Edward’s struggles in Captain Marryat’s novel “The Children of the New Forest”.

The result of her study concluded that there are two kinds of Edward’s struggles, they

are struggle to live and struggle to revenge. All of the findings from the researcher

that mention above give an inspiration for the writer to know the struggle that faced

by one of the main character in this novel.

In this study, the writer investigates the struggle that happened in “Shane”,

Jack Schaefer’s novel. One of the main characters, that is Shane must struggle to save

the Starrett’s farm by becoming a farmhand and doing a fistfight against Fletcher’s

man.

So, in this study, the writer is interested in analyzing Shane’s struggles in

order to protect Starrett’s farm from Fletcher, the bad man in the town and to help

Starrett’s family who gave him a place for living. Besides, the writer would like to

get some inspirations and widen knowledge by reading this novel. So, based on the

reason above, this thesis is entitled: “An analysis of Shane’s struggle to save

Starrett’s farm in the novel “Shane” by Jack Schaefer.

1.2Statement of Problems

Based on the background of study above, the writer formulates the statement

5

1. What are Shane’s struggles to save the Starrett’s farm in the novel “Shane” by

Jack Schaefer?

2. How are the effects of Shane’s struggle toward Starrett’s family in the novel?

1.3Purpose of Study

Based on the statement of problem, the purpose of study is intended to

identify:

1. To know Shane’s struggles to save the Starrett’s farm in the novel “Shane” by

Jack Schaefer

2. To know the effects of Shane’s struggle toward Starrett’s family in the novel

1.4Significance of Study

The writer hopes that the result of this study may give some contributions.

First, it is expected that the result of this study gives the readers some knowledge

about struggle. Second, it is to motivate the readers, especially students of English

Department at University of Muhammadiyah Malang to love literature. Finally, this

study is to give alternative references to the students who are interested in analyzing

prose.

1.5Scope and Limitation

There are many struggles which are done by some characters in this novel,

6

struggles that is Shane’s struggle. The scope of this study is focused on struggle. The

writer only analyzes Shane’s struggles and the effects of his struggles toward the

Starrett’s family.

1.6Definition of Key Terms

1. Analysis is to identify the separate parts that make it up (this correspond roughly to the notion of tearing it to pieces), to determine the relationships

among the parts (Kenney, 1966).

2. Novel is a long work of narrative prose fiction. Because of its length, a novel can picture-life with all of its richness, complexity, and contradiction

(MacMillan, 1987).

3. Struggle is to try very hard to do or to achieve something that is difficult (Hornby in Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 1995).

1

Chapter 1 of this thesis presents such topic as: background of study, statement of problem, purpose of study, significance of study, scope and limitation, and definition of key terms. Each section is presented as follows.

1.1Background of Study

Literature is always interesting to be discussed. It gives different impression and knowledge for everyone. Therefore, human’s expression can be shown with any and different ways just depends on how they see things or on what views. The expression of human life sometimes is shown from literary works such as novel, poem, and drama.

Reading literature is important because it can provide people with valuable and useful knowledge. Reading literature has some advantages. First, the readers can enrich their vocabularies and add their understanding about the meaning of the sentences in the novel. Second, readers can get some inspirations and widen their knowledge about foreign culture. Third, readers can see the reflection of real life which is complex with many conflicts to be faced, for instance struggles in life, problems with others, and social interaction.

According to Meyer, literature is described as a fiction has consists of carefully arranged words designed to stir the imagination (1990: 3). It means that

when the authors create a fiction, they stir their imagination and choose every word that they want to write carefully so that it can be understood by readers. For example, when authors write a story, they build their own imagination and write it down as clearly as possible. Even some words will sound strange or too imaginative; it will help the readers understand about the authors’ thought or what they want to say.

There are many kinds of literary works, such as novel, drama, poetry, and short story. All kinds of literary works help people grow both personality and

intellectuality. Literary works also enable the readers to recognize human dreams and struggles in different societies that they would never know before. Novel is one form of literary works that often try to reflect human life by portraying the mental and inner mind of the characters.

Novel comes from Latin word, novellas that means new, because if we compare with the others, like poetry, drama, and so on, it is the newest one. Novel has certain length and describes the characters and scene of representative real life in a plot or chaotic situation.

By reading a novel, people get worthwhile lessons. Novel tells about a

description and mirror of human life that may include references to real place, people, and event. It gives not only joy and great pleasure but also messages and lesson that people can apply in life which they can get those from many conflicts that has to be faced by the character so people know the way to handle difficult situation and other human’s thoughts.

Novel is chosen because it can improve knowledge in literature. On the other hand, it can give a new knowledge about another science different from the writer’s study about education in English department. In a novel, there are many things that we can analyze, for example we can analyze about theme, subject matter, plot or characterization. On the other hand, from the novel we can also analyze about the mission faced by the characters or the intrigue that happened in the novel. In reading a novel, the readers will not only get enjoyment but they also be brought into a vast, lose, and fresh relationship to life since novel may be called as the imitation of life. They can get a better view of things that happen in the people’s mind. Besides, it also invites our emotional and intellectual involvement and also our response to the story. It means that when reading a novel, the readers will get involved in the experience that faced by the characters.

In this research, the writer tries to analyze about the struggle of one of the main characters in this novel, because struggle is very important in life and also life is full of struggle to reach everything what we want in this world. There are some previous researches that related to this research. One of the researches was conducted by Konsuratmiwati (2006). Her study was an analysis of Mitch Mc Deere’s struggles in John Grisham’s novel “The Firm’. The result of her research showed that the Mitch Mc Deere’s struggles are the struggle to finish his study and struggle to find out a mystery in the firm. Another research was conducted by Dewi (2009). Her study was analysis of the main characters’ struggles in “Kramer vs Kramer” novel by Avery Corman. The result of her research showed that Ted Kramer’s struggles were the

struggles as a single parent, struggles to get the job, and struggles to defend of his child. The last was conducted by Chasanah (2005). Her study was an analysis of Edward’s struggles in Captain Marryat’s novel “The Children of the New Forest”. The result of her study concluded that there are two kinds of Edward’s struggles, they are struggle to live and struggle to revenge. All of the findings from the researcher that mention above give an inspiration for the writer to know the struggle that faced by one of the main character in this novel.

In this study, the writer investigates the struggle that happened in “Shane”, Jack Schaefer’s novel. One of the main characters, that is Shane must struggle to save the Starrett’s farm by becoming a farmhand and doing a fistfight against Fletcher’s man.

So, in this study, the writer is interested in analyzing Shane’s struggles in order to protect Starrett’s farm from Fletcher, the bad man in the town and to help Starrett’s family who gave him a place for living. Besides, the writer would like to get some inspirations and widen knowledge by reading this novel. So, based on the reason above, this thesis is entitled: “An analysis of Shane’s struggle to save Starrett’s farm in the novel “Shane” by Jack Schaefer.

1.2Statement of Problems

Based on the background of study above, the writer formulates the statement of problems as follows:

1. What are Shane’s struggles to save the Starrett’s farm in the novel “Shane” by Jack Schaefer?

2. How are the effects of Shane’s struggle toward Starrett’s family in the novel?

1.3Purpose of Study

Based on the statement of problem, the purpose of study is intended to identify:

1. To know Shane’s struggles to save the Starrett’s farm in the novel “Shane” by Jack Schaefer

2. To know the effects of Shane’s struggle toward Starrett’s family in the novel

1.4Significance of Study

The writer hopes that the result of this study may give some contributions. First, it is expected that the result of this study gives the readers some knowledge about struggle. Second, it is to motivate the readers, especially students of English Department at University of Muhammadiyah Malang to love literature. Finally, this study is to give alternative references to the students who are interested in analyzing prose.

1.5Scope and Limitation

There are many struggles which are done by some characters in this novel, but, for the limitation of study, the writer tries to analyze one of the main character’s

struggles that is Shane’s struggle. The scope of this study is focused on struggle. The writer only analyzes Shane’s struggles and the effects of his struggles toward the Starrett’s family.

1.6Definition of Key Terms

1. Analysis is to identify the separate parts that make it up (this correspond roughly to the notion of tearing it to pieces), to determine the relationships among the parts (Kenney, 1966).

2. Novel is a long work of narrative prose fiction. Because of its length, a novel can picture-life with all of its richness, complexity, and contradiction

(MacMillan, 1987).

3. Struggle is to try very hard to do or to achieve something that is difficult (Hornby in Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 1995).