INDONESIAN SOCIO – POLITICAL REALITIES REFLECTED AT AYU UTAMI’S SAMAN (1998): Indonesian Socio – Political Realities Reflected At Ayu Utami’s Saman (1998): A Sociological Approach.
INDONESIAN SOCIO – POLITICAL REALITIES
REFLECTED AT AYU UTAMI’S SAMAN (1998):
A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as Partial Fulfillment of Requirement
For Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
In English Department
Proposed by :
RIYANA KUSUMA DEWI
A 320 100 082
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2014
i
APPROVAL
INDONESIAN SOCIO – POLITICAL REALITIES
REFLECTED AT AYU UTAMI’S SAMAN (1998):
A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH
by:
RIYANA KUSUMA DEWI
A 320 100 082
Approved to be Examined
By Consultant Team
First Consultant
Second Consultant
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum. S. Pd, M. Ed
NIK. 772
Titis Setyabudi,S. S,M. Hum
NIK. 948
ii
ii
ACCEPTANCE
INDONESIAN SOCIO – POLITICAL REALITIES
REFLECTED AT AYU UTAMI’S SAMAN (1998):
A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH
by:
RIYANA KUSUMA DEWI
A 320 100 082
Acceptance and Approved by the Board of Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
On July
Team of Examiners:
1. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, S. Pd. M. Ed
(
)
(
)
(
)
(Chair Person)
2. Titis Setyabudi, S. S. M. Hum
(Secretary)
3. Dr. M. Thoyibi. M. S
(Member)
Dean,
Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum
NIP. 19650428 199303 1001
iii
TESTIMONY
Herewith, I testify in this research paper, there is no plagiarism of the
previous literary work which has been raised to obtain bachelor degree of
University, nor there are opinions of masterpiece which have been written or
published by others, except those which writing are reffered in the manuscript and
mention in literature review and bibliography. If only there is any incorrectness
proved in the future in my statements above, I will be fully responsible.
Surakarta, 01 July 2014
The Researcher
Riyana Kusuma Dewi
iv
MOTTO
Imperfection is beauty, madness is genius it’s
better to be Absolutely ridiculous than
absolutely boring ( Marlyn Monroe) .
“ But just because you bury something,
that doesn’t mean it stop
existing” ( Jenny Han) .
The man who says he never has time is the
Laziest man ( Lichtenberg) .
Before anything else, preparation is the key to success ( Alexander Graham Bell) .
v
DEDICATION
Alhamdulillahi Rabbilalamin, as Allah M ercy. I am gratefully
dedicated this research paper to:
Allah SW T, the Lord of the U niverse
M y beloved and honored parents, Bapak Atip and I bu Sulastri,
M y Lovely Grandmother I bu Tinem
M y beloved brother M as Andi, and sister M b W anda
and their cute chuildren I ca.
M y beloved “Abiq” M as I hwan Amri Pradipta. S. Pd
M y beloved friends and family
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh,
Alhamdulillahi robbil’alamin, praise be to Allah SWT, The Almighty God,
for blessing and guiding in completing this research paper and thanks to prophet
Muhammad SAW, peace be upon him. The writer realizes that it is imposible to
finish this research paper without many support from several important people.
Therefore, the writer wants to express her sincerely gratitude for all of them.
In this opportunity, the writer wants to express her deep gratitude to the
following persons:
1. The first consultant, Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, S. Pd, M. Ed., who
had given her great love and help in guiding to finish this research paper,
also became an inspiration to her life.
2. The second consultant, Mr. Titis Setyabudi,S. S, M. Hum, who had given
his patient in correcting this research paper to be better.
3. Dr. M. Thoyibi, M. S as the third examiner, who had gave suggestion in
this research paper.
4. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum, as the Dean of School of
Teacher Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
vii
5. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D, as the Head of English Departmen, School
of Teacher Training and Education Faculty.
6. All the lecturer of English Department for giving lesson and sharing their
valuable experiences.
7. Her beloved parents, Bapak Atip and Ibu Sulastri, for the pray, support,
love and everything which can’t compared with anything.
8. Her beloved grandmother, Ibu Tinem, for her support, attention, love and
everything.
9. Her beloved brother, Mas Andi Suryanto and sister Mba’ Wanda, for the
attention and support.
10. Her beloved loyal and wonder boy, Ihwan Amri Pradipta, S. Pd for his
attention, affection, jokes, anger, selfishness, all the support and everything
which had made her life colorful and can’t be compared and forgotten at all.
11. Her cute nephew Annisa for the smiles, and cheers.
12. All her beloved friends of Mimi, Putri, Huma, Mimin, Tina, Okta, etc,
for the attention, silly things, wonderful moments, compactness and had
made her life turns awesome.
13. All of partners PPL in SMPN 2 Sawit Boyolali, who are have been a great
friendship for this time.
14. All her beloved friends at Az-Zahra boarding house, who are Mimi, Rida,
Anis, Endang, Mb Ida, Suci, Lely, Winda, Farida, mb Lilis, etc for the
happiness, compactness.
viii
15. The wonderfull English Organization, EDSO, for the unforgettable
experiences.
16. All of her friends of English Department 2010 which cannot be mention
one by one.
The researcher knows and realizes that this research paper is not perfect
and many the weakness that are far from perfection. Therefore, are researcher
hopes criticism and suggestion from the other researcher and readers for this
research in order to be better.
Wassalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh.
Surakarta, 01 July 2014
The Researcher
Riyana Kusuma Dewi
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT
Page
TITLE .........................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL ...............................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTANCE ..........................................................................................
iii
TESTIMONY .............................................................................................
iv
MOTTO ......................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION............................................................................................
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .........................................................................
viii
TABLE OF CONTENT .............................................................................
ix
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................
xii
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study .......................................
1
B. Literature Review ..................................................
11
C. Problem Statement .................................................
13
D.Objective of the Study ...........................................
13
E. Limitation of the Study ..........................................
13
F. Benefit of the Study................................................
13
G. Research Method ...................................................
14
H. Research Paper Organization.................................
17
CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORY
A. Sociological Theory ............................................
18
B. Socio - Political Theory .......................................
23
1. Notion ..............................................................
23
2. The Marxist Tradition of Political Sociology..
23
3. Contemporary Political Sociology ..................
26
a. Globalization ...............................................
26
x
b. Social Movements .........................................
27
c. Citizenship.....................................................
28
C.Structural Elements of the Novel
1. Character and Characterization..........................
30
2. Setting ................................................................
32
3. Plot .....................................................................
33
4. Point of View .....................................................
35
5. Style ...................................................................
36
6. Theme ................................................................
37
D. Theoretical Application .........................................
38
CHAPTER III: SOCIAL BACKGROUND OF INDONESIAN SOCIETY
IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
A. Social Background of Indonesia .......................
40
1. Social Aspect ................................................
40
2. Economic Aspect .........................................
42
3. Political Aspect ............................................
43
4. Science and Technology Aspect ..................
45
5. Cultural Aspect.............................................
46
6. Religious Aspect ..........................................
48
B. Biography of Ayu Utami...................................
49
CHAPTER IV: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
A. Structural Elements of the Novel ......................
53
1. Character and Characterization .....................
53
2. Setting ...........................................................
70
3. Plot ................................................................
78
4. Style ..............................................................
79
5. Point of View ................................................
83
xi
6. Theme............................................................
85
B. Discussion .........................................................
87
CHAPTER V: SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
A. Sociological Analysis ..........................................
1. Social Aspect ................................................
2. Economic Aspect ..........................................
3. Political Aspect ............................................
4. Science and Technology Aspect ..................
5. Cultural Aspect .............................................
6. Religious Aspect ..........................................
B. Discussion ...........................................................
92
92
97
100
104
106
109
110
CHAPTER VI: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion...........................................................
114
B. Pedagogical Implication ......................................
119
C. Suggestion ...........................................................
116
BIBLIOGRAPHY
VIRTUAL REFERENCES
APPENDIX
xii
INDONESIAN SOCIO – POLITICAL REALITIES
REFLECTED AT AYU UTAMI’S SAMAN (1998):
A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH
Riyana Kusuma Dewi
A 320 100 082
kusumariyana@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
RIYANA KUSUMA DEWI, A 320 100 082. INDONESIAN SOCIO - POLITICAL
REALITIES REFLECTED AT AYU UTAMI’S SAMAN (1998): A
SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH. RESEARCH PAPER. MUHAMMADIYAH
UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. 2014.
This study is strived to reveal indonesian socio-political realities reflected
in Ayu Utami’s Saman (1998) novel. Saman (1998) is analyzed by using a
sociological approach. The analysis is done by determining two objects: the first
is describing social background of Indonesia in twentieth century and the second
is analyzing the issue based on a sociological approach. This research is a
descriptive qualitative research. There are two types of data sources. The primary
data sources is Ayu Utami’s Saman (1998) novel translated by Pamela Allen. The
secondary data sources are books, journals, and internet sources related to the
study. The two kinds of data collected through library research and analyzed with
descriptive analysis. Based on the research, the researcher pulls the following
conclusion. Based on a sociological approach, there is a close relationship
between the novel and the realities of Indonesian life. The novel is as an object in
which the author presents her world view corresponding with the socio – political
life of New Order Era.
Keywords: Socio-Political, Saman, A Sociological Approach.
xiii
REFLECTED AT AYU UTAMI’S SAMAN (1998):
A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as Partial Fulfillment of Requirement
For Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
In English Department
Proposed by :
RIYANA KUSUMA DEWI
A 320 100 082
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2014
i
APPROVAL
INDONESIAN SOCIO – POLITICAL REALITIES
REFLECTED AT AYU UTAMI’S SAMAN (1998):
A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH
by:
RIYANA KUSUMA DEWI
A 320 100 082
Approved to be Examined
By Consultant Team
First Consultant
Second Consultant
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum. S. Pd, M. Ed
NIK. 772
Titis Setyabudi,S. S,M. Hum
NIK. 948
ii
ii
ACCEPTANCE
INDONESIAN SOCIO – POLITICAL REALITIES
REFLECTED AT AYU UTAMI’S SAMAN (1998):
A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH
by:
RIYANA KUSUMA DEWI
A 320 100 082
Acceptance and Approved by the Board of Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
On July
Team of Examiners:
1. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, S. Pd. M. Ed
(
)
(
)
(
)
(Chair Person)
2. Titis Setyabudi, S. S. M. Hum
(Secretary)
3. Dr. M. Thoyibi. M. S
(Member)
Dean,
Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum
NIP. 19650428 199303 1001
iii
TESTIMONY
Herewith, I testify in this research paper, there is no plagiarism of the
previous literary work which has been raised to obtain bachelor degree of
University, nor there are opinions of masterpiece which have been written or
published by others, except those which writing are reffered in the manuscript and
mention in literature review and bibliography. If only there is any incorrectness
proved in the future in my statements above, I will be fully responsible.
Surakarta, 01 July 2014
The Researcher
Riyana Kusuma Dewi
iv
MOTTO
Imperfection is beauty, madness is genius it’s
better to be Absolutely ridiculous than
absolutely boring ( Marlyn Monroe) .
“ But just because you bury something,
that doesn’t mean it stop
existing” ( Jenny Han) .
The man who says he never has time is the
Laziest man ( Lichtenberg) .
Before anything else, preparation is the key to success ( Alexander Graham Bell) .
v
DEDICATION
Alhamdulillahi Rabbilalamin, as Allah M ercy. I am gratefully
dedicated this research paper to:
Allah SW T, the Lord of the U niverse
M y beloved and honored parents, Bapak Atip and I bu Sulastri,
M y Lovely Grandmother I bu Tinem
M y beloved brother M as Andi, and sister M b W anda
and their cute chuildren I ca.
M y beloved “Abiq” M as I hwan Amri Pradipta. S. Pd
M y beloved friends and family
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh,
Alhamdulillahi robbil’alamin, praise be to Allah SWT, The Almighty God,
for blessing and guiding in completing this research paper and thanks to prophet
Muhammad SAW, peace be upon him. The writer realizes that it is imposible to
finish this research paper without many support from several important people.
Therefore, the writer wants to express her sincerely gratitude for all of them.
In this opportunity, the writer wants to express her deep gratitude to the
following persons:
1. The first consultant, Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, S. Pd, M. Ed., who
had given her great love and help in guiding to finish this research paper,
also became an inspiration to her life.
2. The second consultant, Mr. Titis Setyabudi,S. S, M. Hum, who had given
his patient in correcting this research paper to be better.
3. Dr. M. Thoyibi, M. S as the third examiner, who had gave suggestion in
this research paper.
4. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum, as the Dean of School of
Teacher Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
vii
5. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D, as the Head of English Departmen, School
of Teacher Training and Education Faculty.
6. All the lecturer of English Department for giving lesson and sharing their
valuable experiences.
7. Her beloved parents, Bapak Atip and Ibu Sulastri, for the pray, support,
love and everything which can’t compared with anything.
8. Her beloved grandmother, Ibu Tinem, for her support, attention, love and
everything.
9. Her beloved brother, Mas Andi Suryanto and sister Mba’ Wanda, for the
attention and support.
10. Her beloved loyal and wonder boy, Ihwan Amri Pradipta, S. Pd for his
attention, affection, jokes, anger, selfishness, all the support and everything
which had made her life colorful and can’t be compared and forgotten at all.
11. Her cute nephew Annisa for the smiles, and cheers.
12. All her beloved friends of Mimi, Putri, Huma, Mimin, Tina, Okta, etc,
for the attention, silly things, wonderful moments, compactness and had
made her life turns awesome.
13. All of partners PPL in SMPN 2 Sawit Boyolali, who are have been a great
friendship for this time.
14. All her beloved friends at Az-Zahra boarding house, who are Mimi, Rida,
Anis, Endang, Mb Ida, Suci, Lely, Winda, Farida, mb Lilis, etc for the
happiness, compactness.
viii
15. The wonderfull English Organization, EDSO, for the unforgettable
experiences.
16. All of her friends of English Department 2010 which cannot be mention
one by one.
The researcher knows and realizes that this research paper is not perfect
and many the weakness that are far from perfection. Therefore, are researcher
hopes criticism and suggestion from the other researcher and readers for this
research in order to be better.
Wassalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh.
Surakarta, 01 July 2014
The Researcher
Riyana Kusuma Dewi
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT
Page
TITLE .........................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL ...............................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTANCE ..........................................................................................
iii
TESTIMONY .............................................................................................
iv
MOTTO ......................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION............................................................................................
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .........................................................................
viii
TABLE OF CONTENT .............................................................................
ix
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................
xii
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study .......................................
1
B. Literature Review ..................................................
11
C. Problem Statement .................................................
13
D.Objective of the Study ...........................................
13
E. Limitation of the Study ..........................................
13
F. Benefit of the Study................................................
13
G. Research Method ...................................................
14
H. Research Paper Organization.................................
17
CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORY
A. Sociological Theory ............................................
18
B. Socio - Political Theory .......................................
23
1. Notion ..............................................................
23
2. The Marxist Tradition of Political Sociology..
23
3. Contemporary Political Sociology ..................
26
a. Globalization ...............................................
26
x
b. Social Movements .........................................
27
c. Citizenship.....................................................
28
C.Structural Elements of the Novel
1. Character and Characterization..........................
30
2. Setting ................................................................
32
3. Plot .....................................................................
33
4. Point of View .....................................................
35
5. Style ...................................................................
36
6. Theme ................................................................
37
D. Theoretical Application .........................................
38
CHAPTER III: SOCIAL BACKGROUND OF INDONESIAN SOCIETY
IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
A. Social Background of Indonesia .......................
40
1. Social Aspect ................................................
40
2. Economic Aspect .........................................
42
3. Political Aspect ............................................
43
4. Science and Technology Aspect ..................
45
5. Cultural Aspect.............................................
46
6. Religious Aspect ..........................................
48
B. Biography of Ayu Utami...................................
49
CHAPTER IV: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
A. Structural Elements of the Novel ......................
53
1. Character and Characterization .....................
53
2. Setting ...........................................................
70
3. Plot ................................................................
78
4. Style ..............................................................
79
5. Point of View ................................................
83
xi
6. Theme............................................................
85
B. Discussion .........................................................
87
CHAPTER V: SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
A. Sociological Analysis ..........................................
1. Social Aspect ................................................
2. Economic Aspect ..........................................
3. Political Aspect ............................................
4. Science and Technology Aspect ..................
5. Cultural Aspect .............................................
6. Religious Aspect ..........................................
B. Discussion ...........................................................
92
92
97
100
104
106
109
110
CHAPTER VI: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion...........................................................
114
B. Pedagogical Implication ......................................
119
C. Suggestion ...........................................................
116
BIBLIOGRAPHY
VIRTUAL REFERENCES
APPENDIX
xii
INDONESIAN SOCIO – POLITICAL REALITIES
REFLECTED AT AYU UTAMI’S SAMAN (1998):
A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH
Riyana Kusuma Dewi
A 320 100 082
kusumariyana@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
RIYANA KUSUMA DEWI, A 320 100 082. INDONESIAN SOCIO - POLITICAL
REALITIES REFLECTED AT AYU UTAMI’S SAMAN (1998): A
SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH. RESEARCH PAPER. MUHAMMADIYAH
UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. 2014.
This study is strived to reveal indonesian socio-political realities reflected
in Ayu Utami’s Saman (1998) novel. Saman (1998) is analyzed by using a
sociological approach. The analysis is done by determining two objects: the first
is describing social background of Indonesia in twentieth century and the second
is analyzing the issue based on a sociological approach. This research is a
descriptive qualitative research. There are two types of data sources. The primary
data sources is Ayu Utami’s Saman (1998) novel translated by Pamela Allen. The
secondary data sources are books, journals, and internet sources related to the
study. The two kinds of data collected through library research and analyzed with
descriptive analysis. Based on the research, the researcher pulls the following
conclusion. Based on a sociological approach, there is a close relationship
between the novel and the realities of Indonesian life. The novel is as an object in
which the author presents her world view corresponding with the socio – political
life of New Order Era.
Keywords: Socio-Political, Saman, A Sociological Approach.
xiii