The Development of Ketib's Houses in Kauman the Batik Tourism Kampong at The Region of Strategic City KETIB

The Development of Ketib's Houses in Kauman the Batik Tourism

Kampong at The Region of Strategic City

Tri Yuni Iswati1

1

Department of Architecture, Sebelas Maret University, Indonesia, email: yuniiswati@gmail.com

The dynamics of development in strategic areas Kauman kampung Surakarta impact on the comfort level of the building habitable conditions including thermal performances. It is shown that the simulation analysis performed on two houses of

Ketib (Khotib) with different changes in the pendapa space, the pendapa with the characteristics of open and closed spaces. Analyses were performed with Autodesk® Ecotect Analysis software with object location Kauman, Surakarta (Latitude: -7.6, Longitude: 110.8, GMT +7.00, 95 m above sea level) based on data

from BMKG/ Meteorology Climatology and Geophysics Council Surakarta on 10m

height , the area that simulated : pendapa (a living room in traditional javanese

house usually located in front of the house or the south of the house), dalem (the

main room in the javanese traditional house), senthong (the sacred room in the

javanese traditional house) , thermal conditions on the hottest day of the summit (4th

September) thermal conditions at the peak of the coldest day (7th July).

Study changes in the region Kauman space is a continuation of previous studies that implements the method of with reference to the concept of green eco-tourism. Results of the study will be the findings to determine the development strategy in the region Kauman Ketib’s house.

Keywords: strategic city, Ketib's houses (derived from the word Khotib =someone who lead pray in the mosque), thermal comfort

1. Introduction

This study is a serial study, the first research focused on: to formulate the

spaces, which aim to know what types of buildings that are the most comfortable in terms of the air flow aspects and the thermal aspects.

Figure 1. Table U value (Koenigsberger, 1978)

Part of

buildings Material type

U value (W/m2K) admittance (W/m2K) solar absorbtion (0-1)

Roof Clay tile roof 2.76 3.1 0.6

Wall 1/2 brick 2.4 4.38 0.7

Floor Tile 0.47 6.1 0.47

Pathway Paving 3.418 5.8 0.642

Note: V October :3.85m/s , v July: 3.34m/s , t Oct :27 ºC , t Juli :25.5 ºC source: BMKG

According to Satwiko (2008), the thermal comfort in the humid tropical areas is at a temperature of 24˚C <T <26˚C, 40% <RH <60%, 0.6 <V <1.5 m/s, with a layer of lightweight clothing, and the activities are relaxed and calm.

2. Methodology

The method used is to perform simulation EcoTech 2011 v.5 on 2 cases of buildings

in Kauman batik kampong tourist which case 1 Fa’idzun (khotib / Ketib / prayer leads

Anom) facing south with an open pendapa in comparison with the case of 2 khotib /

Ketib / prayer leads R. Ngt. Pringgokusumo (Ketib Aroem) facing north with closed

pendapa.

3. Results and Discussion

Figure 2. The map of Kauman Surakarta

Case 1 the house no 12 Fa’idzun’s (ketib Anom) house south orientation building, closed pendapa

Figure 3. The position of Case 1 and Case 2 on Kauman Surakarta

Perspective

Figure 4. The plan and perspective Fa’idzun’s house (Setyaningsih 2013)

Direct solar that absorb by the building in case 1 was approximately 3000 -1800 W/m2 in a year.

In the pendapa and dalem wind speed ranges were from 0-0.5 m/s around the

pendapa and dalem about 2.5-3 m / s.

The thermal comfort was found in the pendapa (25.5ºC) but in dalem the temperature about 30-33 ºC.

Figure 6.Air flow rate on Case 1

Thermal comfort was found in the front of the dalem (24ºC), the senthong 18 ºC, the pendapa 32 ºC.

Case 2 the house no 40 R. Ngt. Pringgokusumo(ketib Aroem)’s house north orientation building, opened pendapa

Plan

Perspective

Figure 9. The plan and perspective R. Ngt. Pringgokusumo’s house (Setyaningsih 2013)

Direct solar that absorb by the building in case 2 was approximately 1.100 - 168.000 W/m2 in a year.

Wind speed about 0-0.5 m/s at the pendapa and at the dalem was about 0.5-1 m/s.

Figure 11. Air flow rate on Case 2 Figure 10. Distribution of direct solar in a year

Thermal comfort found in the dalem (24ºC) while the temperature of pendapa was 28ºC.

Thermal comfort found in the dalem was 23.2ºC and the pendapa about 28 ºC.

Figure 12. Thermal comfort level on hottest day (4th September)

4. Conclusion

Case 1 Case 2

Direct solar that absorb by the house in case 1 approximately 3000 -1800 W/m2 in a year.

Direct solar that absorb by the house in case 2 approximately 1.100 - 168.000 W/m2 in a year.

In the pendapa and dalem wind speed

ranges from 0-0.5 m/s around the

pendapa and dalem about 2.5-3 m / s.

Wind speed about 0-0.5 m/s at the

pendapa and about 0.5-1 m/s at the

dalem.

In the hottest day, the thermal comfort

was found in the pendapa (25.5ºC) but in

dalem the temperature about 30-33 ºC.

In the coldest day, thermal comfort found in

the front of the dalem (24ºC), the

senthong 18 ºC, the pendapa 32 ºC.

In the hottest day, thermal comfort found in the dalem (24ºC) at a temperature of

pendapa 28 ºC

In the coldest day, thermal comfort found in the dalem 23.2ºC and the pendapa

about 28 ºC.

Direct solar in the dalem gained Case1 more than Case2. Ideal wind speeds more in

the dalem Case1. Thermal comfort in both the coldest and hottest day, in pendapa Case1 more comfortable.

Recommendation obtained is not an effective use of the open pendapa to obtain thermal comfort of the building. It would be better if that is used as a covered pendapa. These changes may be due to changes in the surrounding environment so that the open pendapa becomes less comfortable than closed.

Citation and References Acknowledgement References

Egan, D., 1975, Concepts In Thermal Comfort, Prentice Wall, New Jersey

Iswati

, TY., 2011

,

Simulation Of Thermal Performance Of Traditional Javanese House

Compared With Contemporary House In Tropics Region In Yogyakarta, International

Conference of Environment Insight For Climate Change Mitigation Surakarta, 4-5th

the Rumah Ketib on Insular Diversity Architecture Culture Identity in Indonesia. Published by Institute for Comparative Research in Architecture IVA-ICRA, Vienna, Austria 2013 and Department of Architecture and Planning Faculty of Engineering,

Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta, Indonesia. ISBN 978-3-900265-16-4

Setyaningsih, W. (2012), The Historic Area Conservation Toward Heritage Tourism in

Kauman Settlemet Surakarta, Proceeding in International Conference on Indonesian

Architecture and Planning, ICIAP. UGM, Yogyakarta, 9 – 10th July, 2012. ISBN

978-979-98815-5-7.

Setyaningsih., W., Iswati., T.Y., Yuliani, S.,, 2013, The Aplication of the Concept of Eco

Greentourism in Developing the Tourist Village Through the Low Impact Development,

International Conference Green Concept In Architecture And Environment, 26th

September 2013, ITS, Surabaya

Setyaningsih., W., Iswati., T.Y., Yuliani, S.,, 2014, Low Impact Development

As A Concept ImplementationOf Eco Green-Tourism To Develope Kampung Towards

Sustainable City, International Conference Architecture for Sustainable Living and

In the pendapa and dalem wind speed ranges were from 0-0.5 m/s around the

pendapa and dalem about 2.5-3 m / s.

The thermal comfort was found in the pendapa (25.5ºC) but in dalem the temperature about 30-33 ºC.

Figure 6.Air flow rate on Case 1

Thermal comfort was found in the front of the dalem (24ºC), the senthong 18 ºC, the pendapa 32 ºC.

Case 2 the house no 40 R. Ngt. Pringgokusumo(ketib Aroem)’s house north orientation building, opened pendapa

Plan

Perspective

Figure 9. The plan and perspective R. Ngt. Pringgokusumo’s house (Setyaningsih 2013)

Direct solar that absorb by the building in case 2 was approximately 1.100 - 168.000 W/m2 in a year.

Wind speed about 0-0.5 m/s at the pendapa and at the dalem was about 0.5-1 m/s. Figure 11. Air flow rate on Case 2

Figure 10. Distribution of direct solar in a year (source: analysed by Iswati 2015)

Thermal comfort found in the dalem (24ºC) while the temperature of pendapa was 28ºC.

Thermal comfort found in the dalem was 23.2ºC and the pendapa about 28 ºC.

Figure 12. Thermal comfort level on hottest day (4th September)

ranges from 0-0.5 m/s around the

pendapa and dalem about 2.5-3 m / s.

pendapa and about 0.5-1 m/s at the

dalem.

In the hottest day, the thermal comfort was found in the pendapa (25.5ºC) but in

dalem the temperature about 30-33 ºC. In the coldest day, thermal comfort found in the front of the dalem (24ºC), the

senthong 18 ºC, the pendapa 32 ºC.

In the hottest day, thermal comfort found in the dalem (24ºC) at a temperature of

pendapa 28 ºC

In the coldest day, thermal comfort found in the dalem 23.2ºC and the pendapa

about 28 ºC.

Direct solar in the dalem gained Case1 more than Case2. Ideal wind speeds more in the dalem Case1. Thermal comfort in both the coldest and hottest day, in pendapa Case1 more comfortable.

Recommendation obtained is not an effective use of the open pendapa to obtain thermal comfort of the building. It would be better if that is used as a covered pendapa. These changes may be due to changes in the surrounding environment so that the open pendapa becomes less comfortable than closed.

Citation and References Acknowledgement References

Egan, D., 1975, Concepts In Thermal Comfort, Prentice Wall, New Jersey

Iswati

, TY., 2011

,

Simulation Of Thermal Performance Of Traditional Javanese House Compared With Contemporary House In Tropics Region In Yogyakarta, International Conference of Environment Insight For Climate Change Mitigation Surakarta, 4-5th March 2011, Surakarta

Koenigsberger, OH, etc,1973, Manual Of Tropical Housing And Building , Longman, New York

Satwiko, P., 2008, Fisika Bangunan , Andi Offset, Yogyakarta Satwiko, P., 2008,

Physics Building, Andi Offset, Yogyakarta

Setyaningsih, W. (2013). The Kauman Settlement in Surakarta and the Typology of the Rumah Ketib on Insular Diversity Architecture Culture Identity in Indonesia. Published by Institute for Comparative Research in Architecture IVA-ICRA, Vienna, Austria 2013 and Department of Architecture and Planning Faculty of Engineering, Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta, Indonesia. ISBN 978-3-900265-16-4

Setyaningsih, W. (2012), The Historic Area Conservation Toward Heritage Tourism in Kauman Settlemet Surakarta, Proceeding in International Conference on Indonesian Architecture and Planning, ICIAP. UGM, Yogyakarta, 9 – 10th July, 2012. ISBN 978-979-98815-5-7.

Setyaningsih., W., Iswati., T.Y., Yuliani, S.,, 2013, The Aplication of the Concept of Eco Greentourism in Developing the Tourist Village Through the Low Impact Development,

International Conference Green Concept In Architecture And Environment, 26th September 2013, ITS, Surabaya

Setyaningsih., W., Iswati., T.Y., Yuliani, S.,, 2014, Low Impact Development As A Concept ImplementationOf Eco Green-Tourism To Develope Kampung Towards

Sustainable City, International Conference Architecture for Sustainable Living and Environment, 29th Nov 2014, Kuta Bali