T POR 1103139 TABLE OF CONTENT
DAFTAR ISI
Halaman
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ............................................................................... i
PERNYATAAN .................................................................................................. ii
KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................ iii
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ............................................................................. iv
ABSTRAK .......................................................................................................... vi
ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................ vii
DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................ viii
DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................... xii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................................... xiii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ....................................................................................... xiv
BAB I
PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang Penelitian .............................................................. 1
B. Identifikasi Masalah Penelitian ...................................................... 8
C. Rumusan Masalah Penelitian ......................................................... 9
D. Tujuan Penelitian ............................................................................ 9
E. Manfaat Penelitian .......................................................................... 10
F. Struktur Organisasi Tesis ................................................................ 12
BAB II
KAJIAN PUSTAKA, KERANGKA PEMIKIRAN DAN HIPOTESIS
PENELITIAN
A. Kajian Pustaka ................................................................................ 14
1. Hakikat Pendekatan Pembelajaran .................................................. 14
a. Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Sistem Pembelajaran ............. 15
2. Macam - Macam Pendekatan Pembelajaran ................................... 17
a. Direct Instruction Model ................................................................. 17
b. Personalized System For Instruction ............................................... 19
c. Cooperatif Learning Model ............................................................. 20
i
Andri Sutrisno, 2014
Pengaruh Pendekatan Pembelajaran Dan Motivasi Berprestasi Terhadap Keterampilan Teknik
Dasar Lapangan
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
d. The Sport Education Model ............................................................ 21
e. Peer Teaching Model........................................................................ 22
f. Inquiry Teaching Model ................................................................... 23
g. The Tactical Games Model .............................................................. 23
3. Pendekatan Pembelajaran Teknis ..................................................... 25
4. Pendekatan Pembelajaran Taktis .................................................... 27
5. Perbedaan Pendekatan Pembelajaran Taktis Dengan Pendekatan
Pembelajaran Teknis ....................................................................... 33
6. Hakikat Motivasi Berprestasi .......................................................... 34
a. Fungsi Motivasi ............................................................................... 37
b. Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Motivasi Berprestasi ............. 39
c. Ciri-Ciri Orang Yang Mempunyai Motivasi Berprestasi Tinggi .... 41
d. Sifat-Sifat Motivasi Berprestasi ...................................................... 43
e. Faktor-faktor Yang Menentukan Tingkat Motivasi Berprestasi ...... 44
f. Pentingnya Motivasi Berprestasi ..................................................... 46
7. Teori Belajar Gerak .......................................................................... 48
8. Keterampilan Teknik Dasar Tenis Lapangan ................................... 51
a. Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Tenis Lapangan ..................... 52
b. Karakteristik Keterampilan Dasar Tenis Lapangan ........................ 52
9. Teknik Belajar Mengajar Keterampilan Dasar Tenis Lapangan ...... 54
a. Forehand .......................................................................................... 54
b. Backhand ......................................................................................... 55
c. Service ............................................................................................. 56
d. Volley .............................................................................................. 57
B. Kerangka Pemikiran ....................................................................... 58
C. Hipotesis Penelitian ......................................................................... 64
ii
Andri Sutrisno, 2014
Pengaruh Pendekatan Pembelajaran Dan Motivasi Berprestasi Terhadap Keterampilan Teknik
Dasar Lapangan
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
BAB III
METODE PENELITIAN
A. Lokasi Dan Subjek Penelitian ........................................................ 65
1. Lokasi Penelitian ............................................................................. 65
2. Subjek Penelitian ............................................................................. 65
3. Populasi Penelitian .......................................................................... 70
4. Sampel Penelitian ............................................................................ 70
B. Desain Penelitian ............................................................................ 72
C. Metode Penelitian ........................................................................... 73
1. Validitas Internal ............................................................................. 73
2. Validitas Eksternal .......................................................................... 75
D. Operasional Variabel ....................................................................... 75
E. Instrumen Penelitian ....................................................................... 78
1. Keterampilan Dasar Tenis Lapangan .............................................. 78
a. Test Service ..................................................................................... 79
b. Test Forehand dan Backhand .......................................................... 79
c. Test Volley ...................................................................................... 80
2. Questioner Motivasi Berprestasi ..................................................... 81
F. Proses Pengembangan Instrumen ................................................... 84
1. Pengujian Validitas Instrumen ........................................................ 84
a. Uji Validitas Tes Keterampilan Tenis Lapangan ............................ 84
b. Uji Validitas Motivasi Berprestasi .................................................. 85
2. Pengujian Reliabilitas Instrumen .................................................... 85
a. Uji Reliabilitas Tes Keterampilan Tenis Lapangan ........................ 85
b. Uji Reliabilitas Motivasi Berprestasi .............................................. 86
G. Teknik Pengumpulan Data .............................................................. 86
H. Teknik Analisis Data ....................................................................... 87
iii
Andri Sutrisno, 2014
Pengaruh Pendekatan Pembelajaran Dan Motivasi Berprestasi Terhadap Keterampilan Teknik
Dasar Lapangan
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
1. Perhitungan Deskriptif Data ............................................................ 87
2. Pengujuan Persyaratan Analisis ...................................................... 88
3. Pengujian Hipotesis ......................................................................... 89
BAB IV
HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
A. Hasil Penelitian .............................................................................. 92
1. Deskriftif Data ................................................................................. 92
2. Uji Normalitas .. ............................................................................... 92
3. Uji Homogenitas ... .......................................................................... 93
4. Pengujian Hipotesis ........................................................................ 93
B. Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian .......................................................... 97
BAB V
KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
A. Kesimpulan ...... .............................................................................. 101
B. Saran .................................... ........................................................... 101
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .......................................................................................... 103
LAMPIRAN – LAMPIRAN ............................................................................... 109
RIWAYAT HIDUP ............................................................................................. 201
iv
Andri Sutrisno, 2014
Pengaruh Pendekatan Pembelajaran Dan Motivasi Berprestasi Terhadap Keterampilan Teknik
Dasar Lapangan
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel
Halaman
2.1.
Perbedaan Pendekatan Pembelajaran Teknis Dan Taktis …………….
34
3.1.
Kegiatan Dan Waktu Penelitian ……………………………................
66
3.2.
Program Pembelajaran Tenis Lapangan Pendekatan Pembelajaran
Taktis Dan Pendekatan Pembelajaran Teknis .......................................
67
3.3.
Penjabaran Konsep Variabel Penelitian ................................................
76
3.4.
Kisi-Kisi Questioner Penelitian ............................................................
82
3.5.
Skor Alternatif Jawaban ………………………………........................
84
4.1.
Deskriftif Data Penelitian …………………………………...………...
92
4.2.
Perhitungan Uji Normalitas ..................................................................
92
4.3.
Perhitungan Uji Homogenitas ...............................................................
93
4.4.
Perhitungan Anova Dua Jalur ………………………...………………
94
4.5.
Nilai Rata-rata Pendekatan Pembelajaran dan Motivasi Berprestasi
Siswa ………………………………………………………………….
95
v
Andri Sutrisno, 2014
Pengaruh Pendekatan Pembelajaran Dan Motivasi Berprestasi Terhadap Keterampilan Teknik
Dasar Lapangan
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar
Halaman
2.1.
Latihan Service …………………………………………………….
3.1.
Pembagian Kelompok Berdasarkan Rangking Tes Motivasi Ber-
56
prestasi …………………………………………………………….
71
3.2.
Desain Faktorial ……………………………….………………….
72
3.3.
Desain Penelitian Faktorial 2 x 2 ………………………………….
72
3.4.
Diagram lapangan Test Service Tenis Lapangan ………………….
79
3.5.
Diagram lapangan Test Forehand dan Backhand Tenis Lapangan ..
80
3.6.
Diagram lapangan Test Volley Tenis Lapangan …………………..
Interaksi Antara Pendekatan Pembelajaran Dengan Motivasi Ber-
81
Prestasi Terhadap Keterampilan Tennis Dasar Lapangan ……....…
96
4.1.
vi
Andri Sutrisno, 2014
Pengaruh Pendekatan Pembelajaran Dan Motivasi Berprestasi Terhadap Keterampilan Teknik
Dasar Lapangan
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran
Halaman
1.
Skenario Pendekatan Pembelajaran Taktis ………………………
110
2.
Skenario Pendekatan Pembelajaran Teknis ...……………………
129
3.
Artikel Tesis ……………………………………………………...
135
4.
Uji Coba Questioner ......................................................................
157
5.
Data Uji Coba Questioner ..............................................................
163
6.
Hasil Uji Coba Validitas Instrumen …………..…….....................
165
7.
Hasil Uji Coba Reliabilitas Instrumen ...........................................
172
8.
Tabel Nilai-Nilai r …………………..............................................
179
9.
Questioner Penelitian .....................................................................
181
10.
Hasil Questioner Motivasi Berprestasi …………………..............
185
11.
Pembagian Kelas Penelitian …......................................................
187
12.
Data Keterampilan Tenis Lapangan Post-Test ..............................
190
13.
Perhitungan Uji Normalitas ...........................................................
192
14.
Perhitungan Uji Homogenitas .......................................................
194
15.
Penghitungan ANOVA Dua Jalur .................................................
196
16.
Foto Penelitian
198
vii
Andri Sutrisno, 2014
Pengaruh Pendekatan Pembelajaran Dan Motivasi Berprestasi Terhadap Keterampilan Teknik
Dasar Lapangan
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
Halaman
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ............................................................................... i
PERNYATAAN .................................................................................................. ii
KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................ iii
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ............................................................................. iv
ABSTRAK .......................................................................................................... vi
ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................ vii
DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................ viii
DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................... xii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................................... xiii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ....................................................................................... xiv
BAB I
PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang Penelitian .............................................................. 1
B. Identifikasi Masalah Penelitian ...................................................... 8
C. Rumusan Masalah Penelitian ......................................................... 9
D. Tujuan Penelitian ............................................................................ 9
E. Manfaat Penelitian .......................................................................... 10
F. Struktur Organisasi Tesis ................................................................ 12
BAB II
KAJIAN PUSTAKA, KERANGKA PEMIKIRAN DAN HIPOTESIS
PENELITIAN
A. Kajian Pustaka ................................................................................ 14
1. Hakikat Pendekatan Pembelajaran .................................................. 14
a. Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Sistem Pembelajaran ............. 15
2. Macam - Macam Pendekatan Pembelajaran ................................... 17
a. Direct Instruction Model ................................................................. 17
b. Personalized System For Instruction ............................................... 19
c. Cooperatif Learning Model ............................................................. 20
i
Andri Sutrisno, 2014
Pengaruh Pendekatan Pembelajaran Dan Motivasi Berprestasi Terhadap Keterampilan Teknik
Dasar Lapangan
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
d. The Sport Education Model ............................................................ 21
e. Peer Teaching Model........................................................................ 22
f. Inquiry Teaching Model ................................................................... 23
g. The Tactical Games Model .............................................................. 23
3. Pendekatan Pembelajaran Teknis ..................................................... 25
4. Pendekatan Pembelajaran Taktis .................................................... 27
5. Perbedaan Pendekatan Pembelajaran Taktis Dengan Pendekatan
Pembelajaran Teknis ....................................................................... 33
6. Hakikat Motivasi Berprestasi .......................................................... 34
a. Fungsi Motivasi ............................................................................... 37
b. Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Motivasi Berprestasi ............. 39
c. Ciri-Ciri Orang Yang Mempunyai Motivasi Berprestasi Tinggi .... 41
d. Sifat-Sifat Motivasi Berprestasi ...................................................... 43
e. Faktor-faktor Yang Menentukan Tingkat Motivasi Berprestasi ...... 44
f. Pentingnya Motivasi Berprestasi ..................................................... 46
7. Teori Belajar Gerak .......................................................................... 48
8. Keterampilan Teknik Dasar Tenis Lapangan ................................... 51
a. Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Tenis Lapangan ..................... 52
b. Karakteristik Keterampilan Dasar Tenis Lapangan ........................ 52
9. Teknik Belajar Mengajar Keterampilan Dasar Tenis Lapangan ...... 54
a. Forehand .......................................................................................... 54
b. Backhand ......................................................................................... 55
c. Service ............................................................................................. 56
d. Volley .............................................................................................. 57
B. Kerangka Pemikiran ....................................................................... 58
C. Hipotesis Penelitian ......................................................................... 64
ii
Andri Sutrisno, 2014
Pengaruh Pendekatan Pembelajaran Dan Motivasi Berprestasi Terhadap Keterampilan Teknik
Dasar Lapangan
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
BAB III
METODE PENELITIAN
A. Lokasi Dan Subjek Penelitian ........................................................ 65
1. Lokasi Penelitian ............................................................................. 65
2. Subjek Penelitian ............................................................................. 65
3. Populasi Penelitian .......................................................................... 70
4. Sampel Penelitian ............................................................................ 70
B. Desain Penelitian ............................................................................ 72
C. Metode Penelitian ........................................................................... 73
1. Validitas Internal ............................................................................. 73
2. Validitas Eksternal .......................................................................... 75
D. Operasional Variabel ....................................................................... 75
E. Instrumen Penelitian ....................................................................... 78
1. Keterampilan Dasar Tenis Lapangan .............................................. 78
a. Test Service ..................................................................................... 79
b. Test Forehand dan Backhand .......................................................... 79
c. Test Volley ...................................................................................... 80
2. Questioner Motivasi Berprestasi ..................................................... 81
F. Proses Pengembangan Instrumen ................................................... 84
1. Pengujian Validitas Instrumen ........................................................ 84
a. Uji Validitas Tes Keterampilan Tenis Lapangan ............................ 84
b. Uji Validitas Motivasi Berprestasi .................................................. 85
2. Pengujian Reliabilitas Instrumen .................................................... 85
a. Uji Reliabilitas Tes Keterampilan Tenis Lapangan ........................ 85
b. Uji Reliabilitas Motivasi Berprestasi .............................................. 86
G. Teknik Pengumpulan Data .............................................................. 86
H. Teknik Analisis Data ....................................................................... 87
iii
Andri Sutrisno, 2014
Pengaruh Pendekatan Pembelajaran Dan Motivasi Berprestasi Terhadap Keterampilan Teknik
Dasar Lapangan
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
1. Perhitungan Deskriptif Data ............................................................ 87
2. Pengujuan Persyaratan Analisis ...................................................... 88
3. Pengujian Hipotesis ......................................................................... 89
BAB IV
HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
A. Hasil Penelitian .............................................................................. 92
1. Deskriftif Data ................................................................................. 92
2. Uji Normalitas .. ............................................................................... 92
3. Uji Homogenitas ... .......................................................................... 93
4. Pengujian Hipotesis ........................................................................ 93
B. Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian .......................................................... 97
BAB V
KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
A. Kesimpulan ...... .............................................................................. 101
B. Saran .................................... ........................................................... 101
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .......................................................................................... 103
LAMPIRAN – LAMPIRAN ............................................................................... 109
RIWAYAT HIDUP ............................................................................................. 201
iv
Andri Sutrisno, 2014
Pengaruh Pendekatan Pembelajaran Dan Motivasi Berprestasi Terhadap Keterampilan Teknik
Dasar Lapangan
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel
Halaman
2.1.
Perbedaan Pendekatan Pembelajaran Teknis Dan Taktis …………….
34
3.1.
Kegiatan Dan Waktu Penelitian ……………………………................
66
3.2.
Program Pembelajaran Tenis Lapangan Pendekatan Pembelajaran
Taktis Dan Pendekatan Pembelajaran Teknis .......................................
67
3.3.
Penjabaran Konsep Variabel Penelitian ................................................
76
3.4.
Kisi-Kisi Questioner Penelitian ............................................................
82
3.5.
Skor Alternatif Jawaban ………………………………........................
84
4.1.
Deskriftif Data Penelitian …………………………………...………...
92
4.2.
Perhitungan Uji Normalitas ..................................................................
92
4.3.
Perhitungan Uji Homogenitas ...............................................................
93
4.4.
Perhitungan Anova Dua Jalur ………………………...………………
94
4.5.
Nilai Rata-rata Pendekatan Pembelajaran dan Motivasi Berprestasi
Siswa ………………………………………………………………….
95
v
Andri Sutrisno, 2014
Pengaruh Pendekatan Pembelajaran Dan Motivasi Berprestasi Terhadap Keterampilan Teknik
Dasar Lapangan
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar
Halaman
2.1.
Latihan Service …………………………………………………….
3.1.
Pembagian Kelompok Berdasarkan Rangking Tes Motivasi Ber-
56
prestasi …………………………………………………………….
71
3.2.
Desain Faktorial ……………………………….………………….
72
3.3.
Desain Penelitian Faktorial 2 x 2 ………………………………….
72
3.4.
Diagram lapangan Test Service Tenis Lapangan ………………….
79
3.5.
Diagram lapangan Test Forehand dan Backhand Tenis Lapangan ..
80
3.6.
Diagram lapangan Test Volley Tenis Lapangan …………………..
Interaksi Antara Pendekatan Pembelajaran Dengan Motivasi Ber-
81
Prestasi Terhadap Keterampilan Tennis Dasar Lapangan ……....…
96
4.1.
vi
Andri Sutrisno, 2014
Pengaruh Pendekatan Pembelajaran Dan Motivasi Berprestasi Terhadap Keterampilan Teknik
Dasar Lapangan
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran
Halaman
1.
Skenario Pendekatan Pembelajaran Taktis ………………………
110
2.
Skenario Pendekatan Pembelajaran Teknis ...……………………
129
3.
Artikel Tesis ……………………………………………………...
135
4.
Uji Coba Questioner ......................................................................
157
5.
Data Uji Coba Questioner ..............................................................
163
6.
Hasil Uji Coba Validitas Instrumen …………..…….....................
165
7.
Hasil Uji Coba Reliabilitas Instrumen ...........................................
172
8.
Tabel Nilai-Nilai r …………………..............................................
179
9.
Questioner Penelitian .....................................................................
181
10.
Hasil Questioner Motivasi Berprestasi …………………..............
185
11.
Pembagian Kelas Penelitian …......................................................
187
12.
Data Keterampilan Tenis Lapangan Post-Test ..............................
190
13.
Perhitungan Uji Normalitas ...........................................................
192
14.
Perhitungan Uji Homogenitas .......................................................
194
15.
Penghitungan ANOVA Dua Jalur .................................................
196
16.
Foto Penelitian
198
vii
Andri Sutrisno, 2014
Pengaruh Pendekatan Pembelajaran Dan Motivasi Berprestasi Terhadap Keterampilan Teknik
Dasar Lapangan
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu