ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN SISTEM BASIS DATA PENGELOLAAN LOGISTIK SUKU CADANG PADA PT. SAFARI DHARMA - Binus e-Thesis

  

Jurusan Teknik Informatika

Skripsi Sarjana Komputer

Semester [Ganjil] tahun 2007/2008

  ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN SISTEM BASIS DATA PENGELOLAAN LOGISTIK SUKU CADANG PADA PT. SAFARI DHARMA Muhammad Fadly Kurniawan (0800773991) Reza Dhanu Pramitra (0800779156) Anak Agung Agus Bayu Iswara (0800779944) Kelas 07 PIT/ Kelompok 5

  Abstrak TUJUAN PENELITIAN, ialah merancang sistem basis data untuk logistik suku

cadang yang baik untuk sistem penyediaan suku cadang yang mendukung pencatatan hasil

pemakaian, pembelian, dan penyediaan suku cadang berdasarkan laporan harian, mingguan,

bulanan dan tahunan. METODE PENELITIAN yang digunakan adalah metodelogi penelitian

lapangan, metodelogi kepustakaan dan metodelogi perancangan. Metodelogi penelitian lapangan

dilakukan dengan cara mencari dan mendapatkan data primer dengan cara wawancara

(interview) secara langsung kepada pihak perusahaan. Metodelogi penelitian kepustakaan

dilakukan dengan mencari, mengumpulkan data dan informasi yang diperoleh dengan membaca

buku yang berhubungan dengan objek penelitian dan bacaan-bacaan lainnya seperti artikel-

artikel media cetak dan internet. Metodelogi perancangan meliputi perancangan basisdata serta

perancangan aplikasinya. HASIL YANG DICAPAI adalah aplikasi database. SIMPULAN

Dengan sistem database yang baru maka memudahkan perusahaan dalam mengelola dan

menyimpan data logistik suku cadang.

  Kata kunci

Perancangan Sistem Basis Data, Analisis Sistem Basis Data, Pengelolaan logistik suku cadang,

Safari Dharma.

  PRAKATA

  Segala puji dan syukur ke hadirat Tuhan Yang Maha Esa atas berkat dan kasih

karunia-Nya sehingga kami dapat menyelesaikan penulisan skripsi yang berjudul “

Analisi dan Perancangan Sistem Basis Data Pengelolaan Logistik Suku Cadang pada PT.

Safari Dharma“ tepat pada waktunya.

  Adapun maksud dari penulisan skripsi ini adalah sebagai salah satu syarat yang

harus dipenuhi untuk memperoleh gelar kesarjanaan jenjang strata 1 pada Universitas

Bina Nusantara.

  Pada kesempatan ini penulis ingin menyampaikan ucapan terima kasih yang sebesar-besarnya kepada :

  1. Bapak Prof. Dr. Gerardus Polla, M.App.Sc, selaku Rektor Universitas Bina Nusantara.

  2. Dekan Fakultas Ilmu Komputer Universitas Bina Nusantara, Ir. Sablin Yusuf, M.Sc,M.Comp.Sc.

  3. Bapak Fredy Purnomo, S.Kom, M. Kom , selaku Ketua Jurusan Teknik Informatika Universitas Bina Nusantara.

  4. Dosen Pembimbing Bapak Hermansyah, S.kom, M.kom

  5. Pimpinan dan segenap staf PT. Safari Dharma

  6. Dosen-dosen Universitas Bina Nusantara, yang telah membimbing selama perkuliahan sehingga banyak memberikan masukan kepada penulis untuk menyelesaikan skripsi ini.

  

7. Orang tua dan keluarga yang telah memberikan dukungan baik secara moral maupun

material.

  8. Pihak-pihak dan teman lain yang tidak dapat kami sebutkan satu persatu, yang telah memberikan dukungan dan saran dalam menyelesaikan skripsi ini.

  Dengan menyadari masih adanya kekurangan dalam penelitian dan penulisan

laporan Skripsi ini, maka penulis mengharapkan kritik dan saran yang membangun demi

penyempurnaan laporan ini.

  Akhir kata, kiranya laporan Skripsi ini dapat bermanfaat bagi semua pihak yang membaca atau memerlukanya.

  Jakarta, 24 January 2008 Penulis

DAFTAR ISI

  

Halaman Judul Luar ................................................................................................................... i

Halaman Judul Dalam ............................................................................................................... ii

Halaman Persetujuan Hard cover ............................................................................................ iii

Halaman Pernyataan Dewan Penguji ....................................................................................... iv

Abstrak ...................................................................................................................................... v

Prakata...................................................................................................................................... vi

Daftar Isi ................................................................................................................................ viii

Daftar Tabel ............................................................................................................................. xi

Daftar Gambar......................................................................................................................... xii

  BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN ....................................................................................................... 1

  1.1. Latar Belakang ............................................................................................................... 1

  1.2. Ruang Lingkup............................................................................................................... 2

  1.3. Tujuan dan Manfaat ....................................................................................................... 3

  1.4. Metode Penelitian .......................................................................................................... 4

  1.5. Sistematika Penulisan .................................................................................................... 5

  BAB 2 LANDASAN TEORI .................................................................................................. 7

  2.1 Teori-Teori Umum .......................................................................................................... 7

  2.1.1 Pengertian Database ................................................................................................. 7

  2.1.2 Komponen Database ................................................................................................ 8

  2.1.3 Alasan Penggunaan Database ................................................................................ 10

  2.1.4 Pengertian Sistem Database ................................................................................... 11

  2.1.5 Pengertian Database Terpusat ................................................................................ 11

  2.1.6 Pengertian Informasi .............................................................................................. 12

  2.2 Teori-Teori Khusus ....................................................................................................... 12

  2.2.1 Database Application Life Cycle ........................................................................... 12

  2.2.2 Tahapan Perancangan Database............................................................................. 16

  2.2.3 Normalisasi ............................................................................................................ 18

  2.2.4 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) ...................................................................... 25

  2.2.4.1 Entity Type...................................................................................................... 25

  2.2.4.2 Relationship .................................................................................................... 26

  2.2.4.3 Atribute and Key ............................................................................................. 27

  2.2.4.4 Structure and Constraint.................................................................................. 29

  2.2.4.5 Integrity Constraint ......................................................................................... 32

  2.2.5 Database Management Sistem (DBMS) ................................................................ 33

  2.2.6 Structure Query Language (SQL) .......................................................................... 37

  2.2.7 Critical Success Factor........................................................................................... 40

  2.3 Diagram Aliran Dokumen (DAD) ................................................................................ 42

  2.4 State Transition Diagram .............................................................................................. 48

  2.5 Teori - Teori Persediaan dan Pembelian ....................................................................... 49

  2.5.1 Persediaan .............................................................................................................. 49

  2.5.1.1 Definisi Persediaan.......................................................................................... 49

  2.5.1.2 Jenis – Jenis Persediaan .................................................................................. 50

  2.5.2 Pembelian............................................................................................................... 51

  2.5.2.1 Definisi Pembelian .......................................................................................... 51

  2.5.2.2 Jenis – Jenis Pembelian................................................................................... 51

  4.1.2.1 Membuang Fitur-fitur yang Tidak Kompatible dengan Model Relasional..... 85

  4.1.1 Perancangan Basis Data Konseptual...................................................................... 75

  4.1.1.1 Identifikasi Tipe Entitas .................................................................................. 76

  4.1.1.2 Identifikasi Tipe Relasional ............................................................................ 78

  4.1.1.3 Identifikasi dan Asosiasi Atribut suatu Entitas ............................................... 79

  4.1.1.4 Identifikasi Kandidat dan Primary Key........................................................... 81

  4.1.1.5 Mempertimbangkan Penggunaan Model Konseptual Enhanced .................... 83

  4.1.1.6 Validasi Model Konseptual Lokal dengan Transaksi User............................. 83

  4.1.2 Perancangan Basis Data Logikal............................................................................ 84

  4.1.2.2 Berikan Relasi untuk Model Data Logikal ..................................................... 85

  BAB 4 PERANCANGAN DAN IMPLEMENTASI........................................................... 75

  4.1.2.3 Validasi Relasi Menggunakan Normalisasi .................................................... 86

  4.1.2.4 Tentukan Integrity Constraints........................................................................ 90

  4.1.2.5 Data Model Lokal Logikal .............................................................................. 95

  4.1.3 Perancangan Basis Data Fisikal ............................................................................. 97

  4.1.3.1 Perancangan Relasional Basis Data ................................................................ 98

  4.1.3.2 Analisis Transaksi ......................................................................................... 112

  4.1.3.3 Estimasi Kapasitas Penyimpanan Yang Dibutuhkan .................................... 116

  4.2 Perancangan Aplikasi.................................................................................................. 128

  4.2.1 Struktur Menu ...................................................................................................... 128

  4.1 Perancangan Basis Data ................................................................................................ 75

  3.8 Pemecahan Masalah ...................................................................................................... 74

  2.5.2.3 Fungsi – Fungsi Yang Terkait dalam Pembelian ............................................ 51

  3.4 Observasi Sistem Berjalan ............................................................................................ 64

  2.6 Pengertian Logistik dan Suku Cadang .......................................................................... 52

  2.6.1 Pengelolaan Logistik.............................................................................................. 52

  2.6.2 Suku Cadang .......................................................................................................... 53

  3.1 Sejarah Organisasi......................................................................................................... 54

  3.1.1 Visi dan Misi PT. Safari Dharma........................................................................... 57

  3.2 Struktur Organisasi Perusahaan .................................................................................... 58

  3.2.1 Struktur Organisasi ................................................................................................ 58

  3.2.2 Wewenang dan Tanggung Jawab........................................................................... 59

  3.3 Analisa Area.................................................................................................................. 62

  3.4.1 Prosedur Persediaan dan Pembelian Suku cadang ................................................. 64

  3.7 Permasalahan yang Dihadapi ........................................................................................ 73

  3.4.2 Prosedur Retur Barang ........................................................................................... 65

  3.4.3 Prosedur Pemakaian Suku cadang ......................................................................... 65

  3.4.4 Prosedur Laporan Pertanggungjawaban................................................................. 66

  3.5 Aliran Dokumen............................................................................................................ 67

  3.5.1 Persediaan dan Pembelian Suku Cadang ............................................................... 67

  3.5.2 Retur....................................................................................................................... 68

  3.5.3 Pemakaian Suku cadang......................................................................................... 69

  3.5.4 Laporan Pertanggung Jawaban .............................................................................. 70

  3.6 Informasi yang Ada....................................................................................................... 71

  4.2.2 State Transition Diagram (STD) .......................................................................... 129

  4.2.2.1. State Transition Diagram untuk Admin ....................................................... 129

  4.2.2.2. State Transition Diagram untuk Manager .................................................... 144

  4.2.3 Spesifikasi Proses................................................................................................. 147

  4.3 Perancangan Input Output........................................................................................... 161

  4.3.1 Perancangan Input................................................................................................ 161

  4.4 Rencana Implementasi ................................................................................................ 177

  4.4.1 Spesifikasi Perangkat Keras................................................................................. 177

  4.4.2 Spesifikasi Perangkat Lunak ................................................................................ 177

  4.4.3 Cara Pengoperasian Aplikasi ............................................................................... 178

  4.5 Evaluasi Sistem ........................................................................................................... 207

  BAB 5 SIMPULAN DAN SARAN..................................................................................... 208

  5.1 Simpulan ..................................................................................................................... 208

  5.2 Saran............................................................................................................................ 208

  DAFTAR PUSTAKA .......................................................................................................... 210 RIWAYAT HIDUP ............................................................................................................. 212 LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN ...................................................................................................L1 SURAT SURVEY .....................................................................................................................

  DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1 Repro Skema Database Application Lifecycle ........................................... 14Gambar 2.2 Kergantungan fungsional pada tabel NilaiMahasiswa ............................... 21Gambar 2.4 Contoh Binary Relationship ....................................................................... 26Gambar 2.5 Contoh Tenary Relationship ....................................................................... 27Gambar 2.6 Contoh Quartenary Relationship ................................................................ 27Gambar 2.7 Contoh Representasi Atribut ....................................................................... 29Gambar 2.8 Contoh One to One (1:1) Relationship ....................................................... 30Gambar 2.9 Contoh One to Many (1 : *) Representasi .................................................. 31Gambar 2.10 Contoh Many to Many (* : *)Representasi ............................................... 31Gambar 2.11 Contoh Multiplicity yang ditunjuk dengan Cardinality Constraint dan

  

Participation Constraint .................................................................................................... 31

Gambar 2.12 Gambar Simbol Dukumen ........................................................................ 42Gambar 2.13 Gambar Simbol Dokumen dan Tembusannya .......................................... 43Gambar 2.14 Gambar Simbol Berbagai Dokumen ......................................................... 43Gambar 2.15 Gambar Simbol Catatan ............................................................................ 43Gambar 2.16 Gambar Simbol Penghubung pada Halaman yang Sama I ....................... 44Gambar 2.17 Gambar Simbol Penghubung pada Halaman yang Sama II ..................... 44Gambar 2.18 Gambar Simbol Penghubung pada Halaman yang Berbeda ..................... 44Gambar 2.19 Gambar Simbol Kegiatan Manual ............................................................ 45Gambar 2.20 Gambar Simbol Keterangan, Komentar ................................................... 45Gambar 2.21 Gambar Simbol Arsip Sementara ............................................................. 45Gambar 2.22 Gambar Simbol Arsip Permanen .............................................................. 46Gambar 2.23 Gambar Simbol On-Line Computer Process ............................................ 46Gambar 2.24 Gambar Simbol Keying ............................................................................ 46Gambar 2.25 Gambar Simbol Pita Magnetik ................................................................. 47Gambar 2.26 Gambar Simbol On-Line Storage ............................................................. 47Gambar 2.27 Gambar Simbol Keputusan ....................................................................... 47Gambar 2.28 Gambar Simbol Garis Alir ........................................................................ 47Gambar 2.29 Gambar Simbol Mulai/Berakhir ............................................................... 48Gambar 2.30 Simbol State dalam STD .......................................................................... 48Gambar 2.31 Simbol Aliran dalam STD ........................................................................ 49Gambar 2.32 Perubahan State dalam STD ..................................................................... 49Gambar 4.1 ER Diagram ................................................................................................ 78Gambar 4.2 Model Enhanced Konseptual ...................................................................... 83Gambar 4.3 Model Konseptual Lokal dengan Transaksi User ....................................... 83Gambar 4.4 relasi *:* ...................................................................................................... 85Gambar 4.5 membuang relasi *:*.................................................................................... 85Gambar 4.6 Data Model Lokal Logikal .......................................................................... 95Gambar 4.7 Struktur Menu ........................................................................................... 128Gambar 4.8 STD Menu Utama ..................................................................................... 129Gambar 4.9 STD Menu Sitemap .................................................................................. 130Gambar 4.10 STD Menu Account ................................................................................ 130Gambar 4.11 STD Menu Item Management ................................................................ 130Gambar 4.12 STD Submenu Insert New Item .............................................................. 131Gambar 4.13 STD Submenu Search Item .................................................................... 132Gambar 4.14 STD Submenu Item Used Management ................................................. 133Gambar 4.15 STD Submenu Buy Item ......................................................................... 134Gambar 4.16 STD Submenu Retur Item ...................................................................... 135Gambar 4.18 STD Submenu Insert Supplier ................................................................ 136Gambar 4.19 STD Submenu Search Supplier .............................................................. 137Gambar 4.20 STD Submenu Edit User CP .................................................................. 138Gambar 4.21 STD Submenu Edit Supplier Item .......................................................... 139Gambar 4.22 STD Menu Our Bus ................................................................................ 139Gambar 4.23 STD Submenu Insert Bus ....................................................................... 140Gambar 4.24 STD Submenu Search Bus ...................................................................... 141Gambar 4.25 STD Menu Transaction Report ............................................................... 142Gambar 4.26 STD Submenu Report Pembayaran ........................................................ 142Gambar 4.27 STD Submenu Report Pembelian ........................................................... 143Gambar 4.28 STD Submenu Report Request Item ...................................................... 143Gambar 4.29 STD Menu Utama ................................................................................... 144Gambar 4.30 STD Menu Sitemap ................................................................................ 144Gambar 4.31 STD Menu Account ................................................................................ 145Gambar 4.32 STD Menu Transaction Report ............................................................... 145Gambar 4.33 STD Submenu Report Pembayaran ........................................................ 146Gambar 4.34 STD Submenu Report Pembelian ........................................................... 146Gambar 4.35 STD Submenu Report Request Item ...................................................... 147Gambar 4.36 Rancangan Layar Login .......................................................................... 161Gambar 4.37 Rancangan Layar Home ......................................................................... 161Gambar 4.38 Rancangan Layar Item Management ...................................................... 162Gambar 4.39 Rancangan Layar Item Management - Insert New Item ......................... 162Gambar 4.40 Rancangan Layar Item Management - Search Item ............................... 163Gambar 4.41 Rancangan Layar Item Management - Item Used Management ............ 163Gambar 4.42 Rancangan Layar Item Management - Item Used Management - Item

  

Request ........................................................................................................................... 164

Gambar 4.43 Rancangan Layar - Item Used Management - Request Completion ...... 164Gambar 4.44 Rancangan Layar Item Management - Buy Item .................................... 165Gambar 4.45 Rancangan Layar Item Management - Buy Item - Item Order ............... 165Gambar 4.46 Rancangan Layar Item Management - Buy Item - Item Recive ............. 166Gambar 4.47 Rancangan Layar Item Management - Return Item ............................... 166Gambar 4.48 Rancangan Layar Item Management - Return Item - Insert Item ........... 167Gambar 4.49 Rancangan Layar Item Management - Return Item - Get Item Return .. 167Gambar 4.50 Rancangan Layar Supplier ...................................................................... 168Gambar 4.51 Rancangan Layar Supplier - Insert New Supplier .................................. 168Gambar 4.52 Rancangan Layar Supplier - Search Supplier ......................................... 169Gambar 4.53 Rancangan Layar Supplier - Edit Supplier CP ....................................... 169Gambar 4.54 Rancangan Layar Supplier - Edit Supplier Item ..................................... 170Gambar 4.55 Rancangan Layar Our Bus ...................................................................... 170Gambar 4.56 Rancangan Layar Our Bus - Insert New Bus .......................................... 171Gambar 4.57 Rancangan Layar Our Bus - Search Bus ................................................ 171Gambar 4.58 Rancangan Layar Transaction Report .................................................... 172Gambar 4.59 Rancangan Layar Transaction Report - Report Pembayaran ................. 172Gambar 4.60 Rancangan Layar Transaction Report - Report Pemesanan ................... 173Gambar 4.61 Rancangan Layar Transaction Report - Report Request ........................ 173Gambar 4.62 Rancangan Layar Sitemap ...................................................................... 174Gambar 4.64 Rancangan Layar Cetakan Report Pembayaran ..................................... 175Gambar 4.65 Rancangan Layar Cetakan Report Pemesanan ....................................... 176Gambar 4.66 Rancangan Layar Cetakan Report Request ............................................ 176Gambar 4.67 Rancangan Layar Menu Utama Sebagai Manager ................................. 176Gambar 4.68 Layar Login ............................................................................................ 178Gambar 4.69 Layar Utama ........................................................................................... 179Gambar 4.70 Layar Item Management ......................................................................... 180Gambar 4.71 Layar Insert New Item ............................................................................ 181Gambar 4.72 Layar Search Item ................................................................................... 182Gambar 4.73 Layar Item Used Management ................................................................ 183Gambar 4.74 Layar Item Request ................................................................................. 183Gambar 4.75 Layar Request Completion ..................................................................... 184Gambar 4.76 Layar Buy Item ....................................................................................... 185Gambar 4.77 Layar Item Order .................................................................................... 186Gambar 4.78 Layar Item Recive ................................................................................... 187Gambar 4.79 Layar Pembayaran .................................................................................. 187Gambar 4.80 Layar Return Item ................................................................................... 188Gambar 4.81 Insert Return Item ................................................................................... 189Gambar 4.82 Layar Get Item Return ............................................................................ 190Gambar 4.83 Layar Return Item ke Warehouse ........................................................... 190Gambar 4.84 Layar Supplier ........................................................................................ 191Gambar 4.85 Layar Insert Supplier .............................................................................. 192Gambar 4.86 Layar Search Supplier ............................................................................. 192Gambar 4.87 Layar Edit Supplier CP ........................................................................... 193Gambar 4.88 Layar Edit Supplier Item ........................................................................ 194Gambar 4.89 Layar Our Bus ......................................................................................... 194Gambar 4.90 Layar Insert New Bus ............................................................................. 195Gambar 4.91 Layar Search Bus .................................................................................... 196Gambar 4.92 Layar Transaction Report ....................................................................... 196Gambar 4.93 Layar Report Pembayaran ...................................................................... 197Gambar 4.94 Layar Report Pembelian ......................................................................... 198Gambar 4.95 Layar Report Request Item ..................................................................... 198Gambar 4.96 Layar Sitemap ......................................................................................... 199Gambar 4.97 Layar Account ........................................................................................ 200Gambar 4.98 Layar Insert New User ............................................................................ 201Gambar 4.99 Layar Search User ................................................................................... 202

  Gambar 4.100 Layar Utama sebagai Manager ............................................................. 203 Gambar 4.101 Layar Report Pembayaran .................................................................... 203 Gambar 4.102 Layar Report Pembelian ....................................................................... 204 Gambar 4.103 Layar Report Request Item ................................................................... 205 Gambar 4.104 Layar Chart Penggunaan Item .............................................................. 206