Pembuatan Biodiesel Dari Limbah Minyak Jelantah Dengan Katalis Heterogen K2o Yang Berasal Dari Limbah Kulit Kakao : Pengaruh Persenkatalis Dan Waktu Reaksi
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
Cai, Zi- Zhe., Yong Wang, Ying-Tai Tang, Ka-Man Chong, Jia- Wei Wang,
Jie-Wen Zhang, De Po Yang. “A Two-Step Biodiesel Production Process from
Waste Cooking Oil via Recycling Crude Glycerol Esterification Catalyzed by
Alkali Catayst”. Fuel Processing Technology, 137 : 186-193. 2015.
Huang, Jinjin., Ji Xia, Wei Jiang, Ying Li, dan Ji Lun. “Biodiesel Production
From Microalgae Oil Catalyzed By A Recombinant Lipase.” Bioresource
Technology, 180 : 47-53. 2015.
Marnoto, Tjukup., dan Abdullah Efendi. “Biodiesel dari Lemak Hewani (Ayam
Broiler) dengan Katalis Kapur Tohor”. Jurusan Teknik Kimia. Fakultas
Teknologi Industri. Yogyakarta : Universitas Pembangunan Nasional
“Veteran”. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia “Kejuangan”
Pengembangan Teknologi Kimia untuk Pengolahan Sumber Daya Alam
Indonesia. ISSN 1693 – 4393. 2011.
HS, Syamsidar. “Pembuatan dan Uji Kualitas Biodiesel dari Minyak Jelantah”.
Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Makassar : UIN Alauddin
Makassar. 2010.
Haryono, Sirin Fairus, Yavita Sari, Ika Rakhmawati. “Pengolahan Minyak
Goreng Kelapa Sawit Bekas menjadi Biodiesel Studi Kasus: Minyak Goreng
Bekas dari KFC Dago Bandung”. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia
“Kejuangan”Pengembangan Teknologi Kimia untuk Pengolahan Sumber Daya
Alam Indonesia. ISSN 1693 – 4393. Bandung : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Institut
Teknologi Nasional.2010.
Stamenkovic´, Olivera S., Ana V. Velicˇkovic´, Vlada B. Veljkovic´. “The
production of biodiesel from vegetable oils by ethanolysis: Current state and
perspectives”. Fuel 90 : 3141–3155. 2011.
N.W.G, Astarina., Astuti,K.W., Warditiani,N.K. “Skrining Fitokimia Ekstrak
Metanol Rimpang Bangle”. Jurusan Farmasi Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu
Pengetahuan Alam. Denpasar: Universitas Udayana
[8]
Zhu, Wei-Wei., Zhi-Min Zong, Hong-Lei Yan, Yun-Peng Zhao, Yao Lu, Xian
Yong Wei, dan Dongke Zhang. “Cornstalk Liquefaction in Methanol/Water
Mixed Solvents”. Fuel Processing Technology.Vol 117:1–7. 2014.
[9] Avramovic´,Jelena M., Ana V. Velicˇkovic´, Olivera S. Stamenkovic´,
Katarina M. Rajkovic´, Petar S. Milic´,Vlada B. Veljkovic´. “Optimization of
sunflower oil ethanolysis catalyzed by calcium oxide:RSM versus ANN-GA”.
Energy Conversion and Management 105 : 1149–1156. 2015.
[10] Sirisomboonchai ,suchada., maidinamu abuduwayiti., Guoqing guan., chanatip
samart., shawket Abliz., xiaogang hao., katsuki kusakabe., abuliti
abudula.”Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil using calcined scallop
shell as catalyst”. Energy conversion and management, 95 : 242-247. 2015.
[11] Ofori-Boateng,Cynthia and Keat Teong Lee.2013. The potential of using cocoa
pod husks as green solid base catalysts for the transesterification of soybean
oil into biodiesel: Effects of biodiesel on engine performance. School of
Chemical Engineering, University Sains Malaysia.
40
41
[12] Jannah, Raodatul. 2008. “Reaksi Transesterifikasi Trigliserida Minyak Jarak
Pagar dengan Metanol menggunakan Katalis Padatan Basa K2CO3/y-Al2O3”.
Departemen Kimia. FMIPA. Depok : Universitas Indonesia.
[13] Baskar, Gurunathn., and Ravi Aiswarya. “Biodiesel production from waste
cooking oil using copper doped zinc oxide nanocomposite as heterogeneous
catalyst”. PII: S0960-8524(15)00023-1. 2015.
[14] Aladetuyi, Abiodun., Gabriel A. Olatunji., David S. Ogunniyi., Temitope E.
Detoye., Stephen O. Oguntoye. 2014.Production and characterization of
biodiesel using palm kernel oil; fresh and recovered from spent bleaching
earth. Biofuel Research Journal 4 (2014) 134-138
[15] Olugbenga, Adeola G., Abubakar Mohammed., and Olumuyiwa N. Ajakaye. 2013.
Biodiesel Production in Nigeria Using Cocoa Pod Ash as a Catalyst
Base.International
Journal
of
Science
and
Engineering
Investigationsvol.2,ISSN:2251-8843
[16] Tan, Yie Hua., Mohammad Omar Abdullaha, and Cirilo Nolasco-Hipolitob.
“The potential of Waste Cooking Oil-Based Biodiesel using Heterogeneous
Catalyst Derived from Various Calcined Eggshells Coupled with an
Emulsification Technique: A Review on the Emission Reduction and Engine
Performance”. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 589-603. 2015.
[17]Putra, Rudy Syah., Tatang Shabur Julianto, Puji Hartono, Ratih Dyah Puspitasari,
and Angga Kurniawan.2014.“Pre-treatment of Used-Cooking Oil as Feed
Stocks of Biodiesel Production by using Activated Carbon and Clay Minerals”.
Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development 3 (1) : 33-35.
[18] Ritonga,dkk.2013. Pemanfaatan Abu Kulit Buah Kelapa Sebagai Katalis Pada
Reaksi Transesterifikasi Minyak Sawit Menjadi Metil Ester. Departemen
Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Medan : Universitas Sumatera Utara. Jurnal
Teknik Kimia USU, Vol. 2, No. 4. 2013.
[19] Petrus, Bernandus. dan Andika Prasetyo Sembiring.2014.Pemanfaatan Abu
Cangkang Kerang (Anadara Granosa) sebagai Katalis dalam Pembuatan Metil
Ester dari Minyak Jelantah.
[20] Savaliya,mehulkumar L., Bharatkumar Z,Dholakiya.”Silica supported
microporous melamine tri sulfonic acid catalyst towards biodiesel fuel
production from waste cooking oil and utilization of side stream”. Department
of Applied of chemistry., Gujarat: National Institute of Technology,
Ichchhanath., 2015.
[21] Bilgin, basaAtilla.,Mert Gülüm, İhsan Koyuncuoglu, Elif Nac, and Abdülvahap
Cakmak. “Determination of Transesterification Reaction Parameters Giving
the Lowest Viscosity Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel”. Procedia - Social and
Behavioral Sciences, 195 : 2492 – 2500. 2015.
[22] Setiawati, Evy dan Fatmir Edwar. 2012. “Teknologi Pengolahan Biodiesel dari
Minyak Goreng Bekas dengan Teknik Mikrofiltrasi dan Transesterifikasi
Sebagai Alternatif Bahan Bakar Mesin Diesel. Balai Riset dan Standarisasi
Industri Banjarbaru. Jurnal Riset Industri Vol. VI No.2
[23] Hanif. 2009. “Analisis Sifat Fisik dan Kimia Biodiesel dari Minyak Jelantah
sebagai Bahan Bakar Alternatif Motor Diesel. Jurusan Teknik Mesin
Politeknik, Negeri Padang.
[24] Darmawan, Ferry Indra dan I Wayan Susila. “Proses Produksi Biodiesel dari
Minyak Jelantah dengan Metode Pencucian Dry-Wash Sistem”. Jurusan
42
[25]
[26]
[27]
[28]
[29]
[30]
[31]
[32]
[33]
[34]
[35]
[36]
[37]
[38]
Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Surabaya: Universitas Negeri Surabaya.
JTM. Volume 02 Nomor 01 : 80 – 87. 2013.
Chouhan,A.P. dan A.k. Sarma.”Modern Heterogeneous Catalysts for
Biodiesel Production: A Camprehensive Review”. Renewable and Suinstable
Energy Reviews,15 : 4378 – 4399.2011
Xie, Wenlei. dan Liangliang Zhao. “Heterogeneous CaO–MoO3–SBA-15
Catalysts for Biodiesel Production from Soybean Oil”. Energy Conversion
and Management,79: 34–42. 2014.
Dahiya, Anju. “Biodiesel SustainabilityFact Sheet”. Bioenergy National
Biodiesel Board. 2015.
Istadi, I., Didi D. Anggoro, Luqman Buchori, Dyah A. Rahmawati, dan
Dinnia Intaningrum. “Active Acid Catalyst of Sulphated Zinc OxideFor
Transesterification of Soybean Oil withMethanol to Biodiesel”. Procedia
Environmental Sciences 23: 385 – 393. 2015.
Sutapa, I Wayan., dan Rosmawaty. “Pengaruh Berat Katalis, Suhu Dan
Waktu Reaksi Terhadap Produk Biodiesel Dari Lemak Sapi”. Jurusan Kimia,
Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Ambon : Universitas
Pattimura. Seminar Nasional Basic Science VI. 2014.
Mahes, Shena E., Anand Ramanathan., K.M. Meera S. Begum.,
Anantharaman Narayanan., “ Biodiesel Production From Waste Cooking Oil
Using Impregnated CaO as Catalyst”. Energy Conversion and Management
91: 442 – 450. 2015.
Galadima, Ahmad.dan Oki Muraza. “Biodiesel Production from Algae by
Using Heterogeneous Catalysts: A critical review”. Energy. Vol xxx:1-12.
2014.
Liu, Wei., Ping Yin, Xiguang Liu, Wen Chen, Hou Chen, Chunping Liu,
Rongjun Qu, dan Qiang Xu. “Microwave Assisted Esterification of Free Fatty
Acid Over a HeterogeneousCatalyst for Biodiesel Production”. Energy
Conversion and Management. 76: 1009–1014. 2013.
Zalukhu.M. 2011. “Pembuatan Biodiesel dari Minyak Kelapa Sawit dengan
Menggunakan
Katalis
CaO
dengan
Proses
Transesterifikasi”.
http://repository.unri.ac.id/
Material Safety Data Sheet. “Methanol”. Terra Nitrogen Corporation. 2016.
Mirnadaulina.M. 2011.”Pra Perancangan Pabrik Pembuatan Butinediol dari
Gas Asetilen dan Formaldehid dengan Kapasitas 2500 ton/ tahun”.
http://repository.usu.ac.id/handle/1234565789/26938.
An H., W.M. Yang, dan J. Li. ”Numerical Modeling on a Diesel Engine
Fueled by Biodiesel–Methanol Blends”. Energy Conversion and
Management. Vol93: 100–108. 2015.
Man Kee Lam dan Keat Teong Lee. “Production of Biodiesel Using Palm
Oil”. Biofuels: Alternative Feedstocks And Conversion Processes. 353-374.
2011.
Omar, Wan Nor Nadyaini Wan dan Amin, Nor Aishah Saidina. Optimization
of Heterogenous Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Palm Oil Via
Response Surface Methodology, Biomass and Energy,35 (1329 – 1338),
Elsevier, 2011.
43
[39]
[40]
[41]
[42]
[43]
[44]
Prasertsit, Kulchanat., Patthanun Phoosakul, Sutham Sukmanee. Use of
Calcium Oxide in Palm Oil Methyl Ester Production.Department of Chemical
Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai,
Songkhla, 90112. Thailand. 2013.
Mathiyazhagan, M dan A. Ganapathi.Factors Affecting Biodiesel Production.
ISSN: 2231 – 5101. Research in Plant Biology.Vol 1(2). Hal 1-5.
Bharathidasan University.India.2011.
Basumatary, Sanjay.2015.Transesterification Of Citrus Maxima Seed Oil To
Biodiesel Using Heterogeneous Catalyst Derived from Peel and Rhizome Of
Musa
Balbisisana
Colla.Department
Of
Chemistry,Bodoland
University:India
Saputra, Leo., Rakhmah, Noor., Pradita, Hapsari Tyas dan Sunardi. Produksi
Biodiesel dari Minyak Jelantah dengan Cangkang Bekicot (Achatina Fulica)
Sebagai Katalis Heterogen, Prestasi, Vol. 1 No. 2, p. 118-125,2012.
Santoso, Nidya., Pradana, Ferdy dan Rachimoellah.2012. Pembuatan
Biodiesel dari Minyak Biji Kapuk Randu (Ceiba pentandra) melalui proses
transesterifikasi dengan menggunakan CaO sebagai Katalis, Institut
Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
Direktorat jenderal perkebunan. 2013. “Kebijakan Peningkatan Produksi dan
Mutu Kakao dalam Mendukung Hilirisasi dan Peningkatan Pendapatan
Petani”. Lokakarya kakao Indonesia. Jakarta.
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
Cai, Zi- Zhe., Yong Wang, Ying-Tai Tang, Ka-Man Chong, Jia- Wei Wang,
Jie-Wen Zhang, De Po Yang. “A Two-Step Biodiesel Production Process from
Waste Cooking Oil via Recycling Crude Glycerol Esterification Catalyzed by
Alkali Catayst”. Fuel Processing Technology, 137 : 186-193. 2015.
Huang, Jinjin., Ji Xia, Wei Jiang, Ying Li, dan Ji Lun. “Biodiesel Production
From Microalgae Oil Catalyzed By A Recombinant Lipase.” Bioresource
Technology, 180 : 47-53. 2015.
Marnoto, Tjukup., dan Abdullah Efendi. “Biodiesel dari Lemak Hewani (Ayam
Broiler) dengan Katalis Kapur Tohor”. Jurusan Teknik Kimia. Fakultas
Teknologi Industri. Yogyakarta : Universitas Pembangunan Nasional
“Veteran”. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia “Kejuangan”
Pengembangan Teknologi Kimia untuk Pengolahan Sumber Daya Alam
Indonesia. ISSN 1693 – 4393. 2011.
HS, Syamsidar. “Pembuatan dan Uji Kualitas Biodiesel dari Minyak Jelantah”.
Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Makassar : UIN Alauddin
Makassar. 2010.
Haryono, Sirin Fairus, Yavita Sari, Ika Rakhmawati. “Pengolahan Minyak
Goreng Kelapa Sawit Bekas menjadi Biodiesel Studi Kasus: Minyak Goreng
Bekas dari KFC Dago Bandung”. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia
“Kejuangan”Pengembangan Teknologi Kimia untuk Pengolahan Sumber Daya
Alam Indonesia. ISSN 1693 – 4393. Bandung : Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Institut
Teknologi Nasional.2010.
Stamenkovic´, Olivera S., Ana V. Velicˇkovic´, Vlada B. Veljkovic´. “The
production of biodiesel from vegetable oils by ethanolysis: Current state and
perspectives”. Fuel 90 : 3141–3155. 2011.
N.W.G, Astarina., Astuti,K.W., Warditiani,N.K. “Skrining Fitokimia Ekstrak
Metanol Rimpang Bangle”. Jurusan Farmasi Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu
Pengetahuan Alam. Denpasar: Universitas Udayana
[8]
Zhu, Wei-Wei., Zhi-Min Zong, Hong-Lei Yan, Yun-Peng Zhao, Yao Lu, Xian
Yong Wei, dan Dongke Zhang. “Cornstalk Liquefaction in Methanol/Water
Mixed Solvents”. Fuel Processing Technology.Vol 117:1–7. 2014.
[9] Avramovic´,Jelena M., Ana V. Velicˇkovic´, Olivera S. Stamenkovic´,
Katarina M. Rajkovic´, Petar S. Milic´,Vlada B. Veljkovic´. “Optimization of
sunflower oil ethanolysis catalyzed by calcium oxide:RSM versus ANN-GA”.
Energy Conversion and Management 105 : 1149–1156. 2015.
[10] Sirisomboonchai ,suchada., maidinamu abuduwayiti., Guoqing guan., chanatip
samart., shawket Abliz., xiaogang hao., katsuki kusakabe., abuliti
abudula.”Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil using calcined scallop
shell as catalyst”. Energy conversion and management, 95 : 242-247. 2015.
[11] Ofori-Boateng,Cynthia and Keat Teong Lee.2013. The potential of using cocoa
pod husks as green solid base catalysts for the transesterification of soybean
oil into biodiesel: Effects of biodiesel on engine performance. School of
Chemical Engineering, University Sains Malaysia.
40
41
[12] Jannah, Raodatul. 2008. “Reaksi Transesterifikasi Trigliserida Minyak Jarak
Pagar dengan Metanol menggunakan Katalis Padatan Basa K2CO3/y-Al2O3”.
Departemen Kimia. FMIPA. Depok : Universitas Indonesia.
[13] Baskar, Gurunathn., and Ravi Aiswarya. “Biodiesel production from waste
cooking oil using copper doped zinc oxide nanocomposite as heterogeneous
catalyst”. PII: S0960-8524(15)00023-1. 2015.
[14] Aladetuyi, Abiodun., Gabriel A. Olatunji., David S. Ogunniyi., Temitope E.
Detoye., Stephen O. Oguntoye. 2014.Production and characterization of
biodiesel using palm kernel oil; fresh and recovered from spent bleaching
earth. Biofuel Research Journal 4 (2014) 134-138
[15] Olugbenga, Adeola G., Abubakar Mohammed., and Olumuyiwa N. Ajakaye. 2013.
Biodiesel Production in Nigeria Using Cocoa Pod Ash as a Catalyst
Base.International
Journal
of
Science
and
Engineering
Investigationsvol.2,ISSN:2251-8843
[16] Tan, Yie Hua., Mohammad Omar Abdullaha, and Cirilo Nolasco-Hipolitob.
“The potential of Waste Cooking Oil-Based Biodiesel using Heterogeneous
Catalyst Derived from Various Calcined Eggshells Coupled with an
Emulsification Technique: A Review on the Emission Reduction and Engine
Performance”. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 589-603. 2015.
[17]Putra, Rudy Syah., Tatang Shabur Julianto, Puji Hartono, Ratih Dyah Puspitasari,
and Angga Kurniawan.2014.“Pre-treatment of Used-Cooking Oil as Feed
Stocks of Biodiesel Production by using Activated Carbon and Clay Minerals”.
Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development 3 (1) : 33-35.
[18] Ritonga,dkk.2013. Pemanfaatan Abu Kulit Buah Kelapa Sebagai Katalis Pada
Reaksi Transesterifikasi Minyak Sawit Menjadi Metil Ester. Departemen
Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Medan : Universitas Sumatera Utara. Jurnal
Teknik Kimia USU, Vol. 2, No. 4. 2013.
[19] Petrus, Bernandus. dan Andika Prasetyo Sembiring.2014.Pemanfaatan Abu
Cangkang Kerang (Anadara Granosa) sebagai Katalis dalam Pembuatan Metil
Ester dari Minyak Jelantah.
[20] Savaliya,mehulkumar L., Bharatkumar Z,Dholakiya.”Silica supported
microporous melamine tri sulfonic acid catalyst towards biodiesel fuel
production from waste cooking oil and utilization of side stream”. Department
of Applied of chemistry., Gujarat: National Institute of Technology,
Ichchhanath., 2015.
[21] Bilgin, basaAtilla.,Mert Gülüm, İhsan Koyuncuoglu, Elif Nac, and Abdülvahap
Cakmak. “Determination of Transesterification Reaction Parameters Giving
the Lowest Viscosity Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel”. Procedia - Social and
Behavioral Sciences, 195 : 2492 – 2500. 2015.
[22] Setiawati, Evy dan Fatmir Edwar. 2012. “Teknologi Pengolahan Biodiesel dari
Minyak Goreng Bekas dengan Teknik Mikrofiltrasi dan Transesterifikasi
Sebagai Alternatif Bahan Bakar Mesin Diesel. Balai Riset dan Standarisasi
Industri Banjarbaru. Jurnal Riset Industri Vol. VI No.2
[23] Hanif. 2009. “Analisis Sifat Fisik dan Kimia Biodiesel dari Minyak Jelantah
sebagai Bahan Bakar Alternatif Motor Diesel. Jurusan Teknik Mesin
Politeknik, Negeri Padang.
[24] Darmawan, Ferry Indra dan I Wayan Susila. “Proses Produksi Biodiesel dari
Minyak Jelantah dengan Metode Pencucian Dry-Wash Sistem”. Jurusan
42
[25]
[26]
[27]
[28]
[29]
[30]
[31]
[32]
[33]
[34]
[35]
[36]
[37]
[38]
Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Surabaya: Universitas Negeri Surabaya.
JTM. Volume 02 Nomor 01 : 80 – 87. 2013.
Chouhan,A.P. dan A.k. Sarma.”Modern Heterogeneous Catalysts for
Biodiesel Production: A Camprehensive Review”. Renewable and Suinstable
Energy Reviews,15 : 4378 – 4399.2011
Xie, Wenlei. dan Liangliang Zhao. “Heterogeneous CaO–MoO3–SBA-15
Catalysts for Biodiesel Production from Soybean Oil”. Energy Conversion
and Management,79: 34–42. 2014.
Dahiya, Anju. “Biodiesel SustainabilityFact Sheet”. Bioenergy National
Biodiesel Board. 2015.
Istadi, I., Didi D. Anggoro, Luqman Buchori, Dyah A. Rahmawati, dan
Dinnia Intaningrum. “Active Acid Catalyst of Sulphated Zinc OxideFor
Transesterification of Soybean Oil withMethanol to Biodiesel”. Procedia
Environmental Sciences 23: 385 – 393. 2015.
Sutapa, I Wayan., dan Rosmawaty. “Pengaruh Berat Katalis, Suhu Dan
Waktu Reaksi Terhadap Produk Biodiesel Dari Lemak Sapi”. Jurusan Kimia,
Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Ambon : Universitas
Pattimura. Seminar Nasional Basic Science VI. 2014.
Mahes, Shena E., Anand Ramanathan., K.M. Meera S. Begum.,
Anantharaman Narayanan., “ Biodiesel Production From Waste Cooking Oil
Using Impregnated CaO as Catalyst”. Energy Conversion and Management
91: 442 – 450. 2015.
Galadima, Ahmad.dan Oki Muraza. “Biodiesel Production from Algae by
Using Heterogeneous Catalysts: A critical review”. Energy. Vol xxx:1-12.
2014.
Liu, Wei., Ping Yin, Xiguang Liu, Wen Chen, Hou Chen, Chunping Liu,
Rongjun Qu, dan Qiang Xu. “Microwave Assisted Esterification of Free Fatty
Acid Over a HeterogeneousCatalyst for Biodiesel Production”. Energy
Conversion and Management. 76: 1009–1014. 2013.
Zalukhu.M. 2011. “Pembuatan Biodiesel dari Minyak Kelapa Sawit dengan
Menggunakan
Katalis
CaO
dengan
Proses
Transesterifikasi”.
http://repository.unri.ac.id/
Material Safety Data Sheet. “Methanol”. Terra Nitrogen Corporation. 2016.
Mirnadaulina.M. 2011.”Pra Perancangan Pabrik Pembuatan Butinediol dari
Gas Asetilen dan Formaldehid dengan Kapasitas 2500 ton/ tahun”.
http://repository.usu.ac.id/handle/1234565789/26938.
An H., W.M. Yang, dan J. Li. ”Numerical Modeling on a Diesel Engine
Fueled by Biodiesel–Methanol Blends”. Energy Conversion and
Management. Vol93: 100–108. 2015.
Man Kee Lam dan Keat Teong Lee. “Production of Biodiesel Using Palm
Oil”. Biofuels: Alternative Feedstocks And Conversion Processes. 353-374.
2011.
Omar, Wan Nor Nadyaini Wan dan Amin, Nor Aishah Saidina. Optimization
of Heterogenous Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Palm Oil Via
Response Surface Methodology, Biomass and Energy,35 (1329 – 1338),
Elsevier, 2011.
43
[39]
[40]
[41]
[42]
[43]
[44]
Prasertsit, Kulchanat., Patthanun Phoosakul, Sutham Sukmanee. Use of
Calcium Oxide in Palm Oil Methyl Ester Production.Department of Chemical
Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai,
Songkhla, 90112. Thailand. 2013.
Mathiyazhagan, M dan A. Ganapathi.Factors Affecting Biodiesel Production.
ISSN: 2231 – 5101. Research in Plant Biology.Vol 1(2). Hal 1-5.
Bharathidasan University.India.2011.
Basumatary, Sanjay.2015.Transesterification Of Citrus Maxima Seed Oil To
Biodiesel Using Heterogeneous Catalyst Derived from Peel and Rhizome Of
Musa
Balbisisana
Colla.Department
Of
Chemistry,Bodoland
University:India
Saputra, Leo., Rakhmah, Noor., Pradita, Hapsari Tyas dan Sunardi. Produksi
Biodiesel dari Minyak Jelantah dengan Cangkang Bekicot (Achatina Fulica)
Sebagai Katalis Heterogen, Prestasi, Vol. 1 No. 2, p. 118-125,2012.
Santoso, Nidya., Pradana, Ferdy dan Rachimoellah.2012. Pembuatan
Biodiesel dari Minyak Biji Kapuk Randu (Ceiba pentandra) melalui proses
transesterifikasi dengan menggunakan CaO sebagai Katalis, Institut
Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
Direktorat jenderal perkebunan. 2013. “Kebijakan Peningkatan Produksi dan
Mutu Kakao dalam Mendukung Hilirisasi dan Peningkatan Pendapatan
Petani”. Lokakarya kakao Indonesia. Jakarta.