Teknik dan Tenaga dan Listrik
7/3/2010
Dasar Teknik Tenaga Listrik
( 3 SKS )
Semester Genap 2009/2010
Prodi Teknik Elektro
Tujuan
Mengenal sistem tenaga listrik dari
pembangkitan, transmisi, distribusi hingga
beban
1
7/3/2010
Syllabi
Mengenal generator / mesin serempak & memahami
prinsip kerjanya
Mengenal beberapa penggerak mula
Mengenal saluran transmisi, saluran distribusi, trafo arus
dan trafo tegangan
Mengenal transformator & dapat mengoperasikannya.
Mengenal mesin tak serempak & dapat
mengoperasikannya
Mengenal mesin arus searah dan dapat
mengoperasikannya
Mengenal berbagai macam beban listrik
Pola Perkuliahan
1 x 2 jam perkuliahan per pertemuan
Laboratorium
www.saharudin.co.cc
www.saharudin.co.nr
2
7/3/2010
Sistem Penilaian
Ujian Akhir semester: 60%
Ujian Tengah Semester: 40%
Grade :
A = 80 – 100
B = 79 - 70
C = 69 - 55
D = 54.5 - 45
E = 44.5 - 0
Text Book
Stephen J. Chapman,”Electric Mchinery
Fundamental”, McGraw Hill 2001
Fitzgerald “ Electric machinery, 6th ed
“,Mc Graw hill 2003
Kilian, Modern Control Technology;
Components and Systems, 2nd edition,
Delmar
PUIL 2000
Amandemen PUIL 2000
3
7/3/2010
Introduction
Review energy listrik
4
7/3/2010
Salah satu cara yang paling ekonomis,
mudah dan aman untuk mengirimkan energi
adalah melalui bentuk energi listrik.
Pada pusat pembangkit, sumberdaya energi
primer seperti bahan baker fosil (minyak, gas
alam, dan batubara), hidro, panas bumi, dan
nuklir diubah menjadi energi listrik.
Generator sinkron mengubah energi mekanis
yang dihasilkan pada poros turbin menjadi
energi listrik.
Melalui transformator penaik tegangan (step-up
transformer), energi listrik ini kemudian dikirimkan
melalui saluran transmisi bertegangan tinggi menuju
pusat-pusat beban.
Peningkatan tegangan dimaksudkan untuk
mengurangi jumlah arus yang mengalir pada saluran
transmisi yang dengan demikian berarti rugi-rugi
panas (heat-loss) I2R dapat dikurangi.
Ketika saluran transmisi mencapai pusat beban,
tegangan tersebut kembali diturunkan menjadi
tegangan menengah, melalui transformator penurun
tegangan (step-down transformer).
5
7/3/2010
Di pusat-pusat beban yang terhubung
dengan saluran distribusi, energi listrik ini
diubah menjadi bentuk-bentuk energi terpakai
lainnya seperti energi mekanis (motor),
penerangan, pemanas, pendingin, dan
sebagainya.
Satuan listrik
Arus listrik (I)
=> ampere
Tegangan listrik (V) = beda potensial => volt
Tahanan (R) = resistansi
=> ohm
Reaktansi (X)
=> ohm
Impedansi (Z)= R ± jX
=> ohm
Daya (S) = P ± jQ
=> volt ampere
Daya aktif (P)
=> watt
Daya reaktif (Q)
=> volt ampere reaktif
Energi (E)
=> watt-hour (watt-jam)
Faktor daya (cos j)
=> tidak ada satuan
6
7/3/2010
Pembangkit listrik
Pusat Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU)
Pembangkit listrik
Pusat Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU)
A coal-fired power plant in Laughlin, Nevada U.S.A.
Owners of this plant ceased operations
after declining to invest in pollution
control equipment to comply with
pollution regulations
7
7/3/2010
Pembangkit listrik
Pusat Listrik Tenaga Air (PLTA)
Pembangkit listrik
Pusat Listrik Tenaga Air (PLTA)
Large dams such as Three Gorges Dam
in China can provide large amounts of
hydroelectric power; it will have
a 22.5 GW capability.
Large dams such as Hoover Dam
can provide large amounts of
hydroelectric power; it has
a 2.07 gigawatt capability.
8
7/3/2010
Pembangkit listrik
Pusat Listrik Tenaga Gas (PLTG)
Pembangkit listrik
Pusat Listrik Tenaga Gas (PLTG)
A combined cycle natural gas power plant near Orem, Utah.
9
7/3/2010
Pembangkit Listrik
PLTGU
Pembangkit Listrik
Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Panas Bumi (PLTP )
10
7/3/2010
Pembangkit Listrik
Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Nuklir ( PLTN )
11
7/3/2010
Pembangkit Listrik
Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Nuklir ( PLTN )
Susquehanna Steam
Electric Station,
a nuclear power plant.
Renewable energy
12
7/3/2010
Renewable energy
Solar
Renewable energy
Water
13
7/3/2010
Renewable energy
Wind
Renewable Energy
Geothermal
14
7/3/2010
Renewable energy
Biomass
Renewable energy
Fuel Cell
Bio diesel
Methanol
etc
15
7/3/2010
Transmisi
Summary
Listrik adalah cara yang paling efektif untuk
mentransmisikan energi.
Untuk memperoleh energi listrik dapat
dibangkitkan dengan banyak cara, antara lain
dengan cara konvensional ( fossil fuel ) atau
dengan menggunakan renewale energy
Tanpa energi listrik banyak peralatan yg tidak
berfungsi, sehingga penting menjaga
kesediaannya ( supply ) dan kualitasnya
16
7/3/2010
Lecture 1
Generator principles
( part 1 )
Material
Basic concept of electrical machines fundamentals:
Rotational component measurements
Angular Velocity, Acceleration
Torque, Work, Power
Newton’s Law of Rotation
Magnetic Field study
Production of a Magnetic Field
Magnetic Circuits
Magnetic Behaviour of Ferromagnetic Materials
How magnetic field can affect its surroundings:
Faraday’s Law – Induced Voltage from a Time-Changing
Magnetic Field.
Production of Induced Force on a Wire.
Induced Voltage on a Conductor moving in a Magnetic Field
Linear DC Machines
17
7/3/2010
Introduction
Mesin-mesin listrik peralatan yang merubah
energi mekanik menjadi energi listrik atau
sebaliknya.
Energi Mekanik
energi listrik :
GENERATOR
Energi Listrik
Energi Mekanik : MOTOR
Perubahan energi pada motor & generator
melalui Medan Magnetis.
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Rotational Motion, Newton’s Law and Power
Relationship
18
7/3/2010
Rotational Motion, Newton’s Law
and Power Relationship
Angular position,
( Posisi Sudut )
Adalah posisi sudut yang diukur dari suatu
titik referensi.
Satuan nya adalah radians (rad) atau Derajat /
degrees.
Konsep yang sama dengan posisi / jarak
Rotational Motion, Newton’s Law
and Power Relationship
Angular Velocity,
Adalah kecepatan sudut yang diukur saay bergerak.
Satuannya adalah radian/detik
19
7/3/2010
Rotational Motion, Newton’s Law
and Power Relationship
Angular acceleration,
adalah perubahan kecepatan sudut terhadap waktu
Rotational Motion, Newton’s Law
and Power Relationship
Torsi
20
7/3/2010
Rotational Motion, Newton’s Law
and Power Relationship
Rotational Motion, Newton’s Law
and Power Relationship
21
7/3/2010
Rotational Motion, Newton’s Law
and Power Relationship
Rotational Motion, Newton’s Law
and Power Relationship
22
7/3/2010
Rotational Motion, Newton’s Law
and Power Relationship
Case Study
Rotational Motion, Newton’s Law
and Power Relationship
Case Study
23
7/3/2010
Rotational Motion, Newton’s Law
and Power Relationship
Case Study
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
Medan magnet adalah mekanisme mendasar mana
energi diubah dari satu bentuk kebentuk
lain dalam motor, generator dan transformer.
Sebuah kawat yang dialiri arus menghasilkan medan
magnet di daerah sekitar itu.
24
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
Production of a Magnetic Field
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
Production of a Magnetic Field
25
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
Production of a Magnetic Field
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
Production of a Magnetic Field
26
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
Production of a Magnetic Field
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
Magnetic Circuit
27
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit
28
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit
29
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit ( Contoh Soal )
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit
30
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit
31
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit
32
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit
33
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit
34
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Behaviour of Ferromagnetic Materials
Bahan Non Magnetis mempunyai permeabilitas
konstant ( ) dan karakteristik yang linier antara flux
density (B) dan Arus Kumparan ( I ) .
Kurva Karakterisik bahan magnetis ( Kurva Saturasi )
35
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Energy Losses
in a Ferromagnetic
Core
Hysteresis Loss
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Energy Losses in a Ferromagnetic Core
Eddy Current Loss
36
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical
machines fundamentals
How magnetic field can affect its
surroundings:
Faraday’s Law – Induced Voltage from a TimeChanging Magnetic Field.
‘If a flux passes through a turn of a coil of wire, voltage will be
induced in the turn of the wire that is directly proportional to the rate
of change in the flux with respect of time’
eind = −
dφ
dt
eind = − N
dφ
dt
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
37
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
How magnetic field can affect its
surroundings:
Production of Induced Force on a Wire.
Basic concept of electrical
machines fundamentals
Production of Induced Force on a Wire.
38
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Production of Induced Force on a Wire.
Basic concept of electrical
machines fundamentals
Induced Voltage on a Conductor Moving
in a Magnetic Field
39
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
The Linear DC Machine
Linear DC machine is the simplest form of DC
machine which is easy to understand and it
operates according to the same principles and
exhibits the same behaviour as motors and
generators.
Consider the following:
Switch
B
R
VB
eind
+
-
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
40
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
41
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
42
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
43
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
44
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
45
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Contoh soal
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
46
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
ANALISIS FASOR, FAKTOR
DAYA, & 3 PHASE
47
7/3/2010
Bilangan Kompleks
K = a + jb
Metode Euler
ej = (cos
+ j sin )
Bentuk Polar
K = a + jb = |K| <
= (a2 +b2)1/2
Dasar Teknik Tenaga Listrik
( 3 SKS )
Semester Genap 2009/2010
Prodi Teknik Elektro
Tujuan
Mengenal sistem tenaga listrik dari
pembangkitan, transmisi, distribusi hingga
beban
1
7/3/2010
Syllabi
Mengenal generator / mesin serempak & memahami
prinsip kerjanya
Mengenal beberapa penggerak mula
Mengenal saluran transmisi, saluran distribusi, trafo arus
dan trafo tegangan
Mengenal transformator & dapat mengoperasikannya.
Mengenal mesin tak serempak & dapat
mengoperasikannya
Mengenal mesin arus searah dan dapat
mengoperasikannya
Mengenal berbagai macam beban listrik
Pola Perkuliahan
1 x 2 jam perkuliahan per pertemuan
Laboratorium
www.saharudin.co.cc
www.saharudin.co.nr
2
7/3/2010
Sistem Penilaian
Ujian Akhir semester: 60%
Ujian Tengah Semester: 40%
Grade :
A = 80 – 100
B = 79 - 70
C = 69 - 55
D = 54.5 - 45
E = 44.5 - 0
Text Book
Stephen J. Chapman,”Electric Mchinery
Fundamental”, McGraw Hill 2001
Fitzgerald “ Electric machinery, 6th ed
“,Mc Graw hill 2003
Kilian, Modern Control Technology;
Components and Systems, 2nd edition,
Delmar
PUIL 2000
Amandemen PUIL 2000
3
7/3/2010
Introduction
Review energy listrik
4
7/3/2010
Salah satu cara yang paling ekonomis,
mudah dan aman untuk mengirimkan energi
adalah melalui bentuk energi listrik.
Pada pusat pembangkit, sumberdaya energi
primer seperti bahan baker fosil (minyak, gas
alam, dan batubara), hidro, panas bumi, dan
nuklir diubah menjadi energi listrik.
Generator sinkron mengubah energi mekanis
yang dihasilkan pada poros turbin menjadi
energi listrik.
Melalui transformator penaik tegangan (step-up
transformer), energi listrik ini kemudian dikirimkan
melalui saluran transmisi bertegangan tinggi menuju
pusat-pusat beban.
Peningkatan tegangan dimaksudkan untuk
mengurangi jumlah arus yang mengalir pada saluran
transmisi yang dengan demikian berarti rugi-rugi
panas (heat-loss) I2R dapat dikurangi.
Ketika saluran transmisi mencapai pusat beban,
tegangan tersebut kembali diturunkan menjadi
tegangan menengah, melalui transformator penurun
tegangan (step-down transformer).
5
7/3/2010
Di pusat-pusat beban yang terhubung
dengan saluran distribusi, energi listrik ini
diubah menjadi bentuk-bentuk energi terpakai
lainnya seperti energi mekanis (motor),
penerangan, pemanas, pendingin, dan
sebagainya.
Satuan listrik
Arus listrik (I)
=> ampere
Tegangan listrik (V) = beda potensial => volt
Tahanan (R) = resistansi
=> ohm
Reaktansi (X)
=> ohm
Impedansi (Z)= R ± jX
=> ohm
Daya (S) = P ± jQ
=> volt ampere
Daya aktif (P)
=> watt
Daya reaktif (Q)
=> volt ampere reaktif
Energi (E)
=> watt-hour (watt-jam)
Faktor daya (cos j)
=> tidak ada satuan
6
7/3/2010
Pembangkit listrik
Pusat Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU)
Pembangkit listrik
Pusat Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU)
A coal-fired power plant in Laughlin, Nevada U.S.A.
Owners of this plant ceased operations
after declining to invest in pollution
control equipment to comply with
pollution regulations
7
7/3/2010
Pembangkit listrik
Pusat Listrik Tenaga Air (PLTA)
Pembangkit listrik
Pusat Listrik Tenaga Air (PLTA)
Large dams such as Three Gorges Dam
in China can provide large amounts of
hydroelectric power; it will have
a 22.5 GW capability.
Large dams such as Hoover Dam
can provide large amounts of
hydroelectric power; it has
a 2.07 gigawatt capability.
8
7/3/2010
Pembangkit listrik
Pusat Listrik Tenaga Gas (PLTG)
Pembangkit listrik
Pusat Listrik Tenaga Gas (PLTG)
A combined cycle natural gas power plant near Orem, Utah.
9
7/3/2010
Pembangkit Listrik
PLTGU
Pembangkit Listrik
Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Panas Bumi (PLTP )
10
7/3/2010
Pembangkit Listrik
Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Nuklir ( PLTN )
11
7/3/2010
Pembangkit Listrik
Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Nuklir ( PLTN )
Susquehanna Steam
Electric Station,
a nuclear power plant.
Renewable energy
12
7/3/2010
Renewable energy
Solar
Renewable energy
Water
13
7/3/2010
Renewable energy
Wind
Renewable Energy
Geothermal
14
7/3/2010
Renewable energy
Biomass
Renewable energy
Fuel Cell
Bio diesel
Methanol
etc
15
7/3/2010
Transmisi
Summary
Listrik adalah cara yang paling efektif untuk
mentransmisikan energi.
Untuk memperoleh energi listrik dapat
dibangkitkan dengan banyak cara, antara lain
dengan cara konvensional ( fossil fuel ) atau
dengan menggunakan renewale energy
Tanpa energi listrik banyak peralatan yg tidak
berfungsi, sehingga penting menjaga
kesediaannya ( supply ) dan kualitasnya
16
7/3/2010
Lecture 1
Generator principles
( part 1 )
Material
Basic concept of electrical machines fundamentals:
Rotational component measurements
Angular Velocity, Acceleration
Torque, Work, Power
Newton’s Law of Rotation
Magnetic Field study
Production of a Magnetic Field
Magnetic Circuits
Magnetic Behaviour of Ferromagnetic Materials
How magnetic field can affect its surroundings:
Faraday’s Law – Induced Voltage from a Time-Changing
Magnetic Field.
Production of Induced Force on a Wire.
Induced Voltage on a Conductor moving in a Magnetic Field
Linear DC Machines
17
7/3/2010
Introduction
Mesin-mesin listrik peralatan yang merubah
energi mekanik menjadi energi listrik atau
sebaliknya.
Energi Mekanik
energi listrik :
GENERATOR
Energi Listrik
Energi Mekanik : MOTOR
Perubahan energi pada motor & generator
melalui Medan Magnetis.
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Rotational Motion, Newton’s Law and Power
Relationship
18
7/3/2010
Rotational Motion, Newton’s Law
and Power Relationship
Angular position,
( Posisi Sudut )
Adalah posisi sudut yang diukur dari suatu
titik referensi.
Satuan nya adalah radians (rad) atau Derajat /
degrees.
Konsep yang sama dengan posisi / jarak
Rotational Motion, Newton’s Law
and Power Relationship
Angular Velocity,
Adalah kecepatan sudut yang diukur saay bergerak.
Satuannya adalah radian/detik
19
7/3/2010
Rotational Motion, Newton’s Law
and Power Relationship
Angular acceleration,
adalah perubahan kecepatan sudut terhadap waktu
Rotational Motion, Newton’s Law
and Power Relationship
Torsi
20
7/3/2010
Rotational Motion, Newton’s Law
and Power Relationship
Rotational Motion, Newton’s Law
and Power Relationship
21
7/3/2010
Rotational Motion, Newton’s Law
and Power Relationship
Rotational Motion, Newton’s Law
and Power Relationship
22
7/3/2010
Rotational Motion, Newton’s Law
and Power Relationship
Case Study
Rotational Motion, Newton’s Law
and Power Relationship
Case Study
23
7/3/2010
Rotational Motion, Newton’s Law
and Power Relationship
Case Study
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
Medan magnet adalah mekanisme mendasar mana
energi diubah dari satu bentuk kebentuk
lain dalam motor, generator dan transformer.
Sebuah kawat yang dialiri arus menghasilkan medan
magnet di daerah sekitar itu.
24
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
Production of a Magnetic Field
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
Production of a Magnetic Field
25
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
Production of a Magnetic Field
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
Production of a Magnetic Field
26
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
Production of a Magnetic Field
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
Magnetic Circuit
27
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit
28
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit
29
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit ( Contoh Soal )
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit
30
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit
31
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit
32
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit
33
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit
34
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Field study
• Magnetic Circuit
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Magnetic Behaviour of Ferromagnetic Materials
Bahan Non Magnetis mempunyai permeabilitas
konstant ( ) dan karakteristik yang linier antara flux
density (B) dan Arus Kumparan ( I ) .
Kurva Karakterisik bahan magnetis ( Kurva Saturasi )
35
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Energy Losses
in a Ferromagnetic
Core
Hysteresis Loss
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Energy Losses in a Ferromagnetic Core
Eddy Current Loss
36
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical
machines fundamentals
How magnetic field can affect its
surroundings:
Faraday’s Law – Induced Voltage from a TimeChanging Magnetic Field.
‘If a flux passes through a turn of a coil of wire, voltage will be
induced in the turn of the wire that is directly proportional to the rate
of change in the flux with respect of time’
eind = −
dφ
dt
eind = − N
dφ
dt
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
37
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
How magnetic field can affect its
surroundings:
Production of Induced Force on a Wire.
Basic concept of electrical
machines fundamentals
Production of Induced Force on a Wire.
38
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Production of Induced Force on a Wire.
Basic concept of electrical
machines fundamentals
Induced Voltage on a Conductor Moving
in a Magnetic Field
39
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
The Linear DC Machine
Linear DC machine is the simplest form of DC
machine which is easy to understand and it
operates according to the same principles and
exhibits the same behaviour as motors and
generators.
Consider the following:
Switch
B
R
VB
eind
+
-
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
40
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
41
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
42
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
43
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
44
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
45
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
Contoh soal
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
46
7/3/2010
Basic concept of electrical machines
fundamentals
ANALISIS FASOR, FAKTOR
DAYA, & 3 PHASE
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7/3/2010
Bilangan Kompleks
K = a + jb
Metode Euler
ej = (cos
+ j sin )
Bentuk Polar
K = a + jb = |K| <
= (a2 +b2)1/2