Analisis Perbandingan Protokol Better Approach To Mobile Ad Hoc Network (BATMAN) Dengan Protokol Babel Untuk Layanan Voice Over Internet Protocol (VOIP) Pada Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET)

  

ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN PROTOKOL BETTER APPROACH

TO MOBILE AD HOC NETWORK (BATMAN) DENGAN

PROTOKOL BABEL UNTUK LAYANAN VOICE

OVER INTERNET PROTOCOL (VOIP) PADA

  

MOBILE AD HOC NETWORK (MANET)

SKRIPSI

ADAM KURNIAWAN MARGOLANG

111421015

  

PROGRAM STUDI EKSTENSI S1 ILMU KOMPUTER

FAKULTAS ILMU KOMPUTER DAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI

UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA

MEDAN

2014 ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN PROTOKOL BETTER APPROACH TO MOBILE AD HOC NETWORK (BATMAN) DENGAN PROTOKOL BABEL UNTUK

  LAYANAN VOICE OVER INTERNET PROTOCOL (VOIP) PADA MOBILE AD HOC NETWORK (MANET)

  SKRIPSI Diajukan untuk melengkapi tugas dan memenuhi syarat memperoleh ijazah

  Sarjana Ilmu Komputer ADAM KURNIAWAN MARGOLANG

  111421015 PROGRAM STUDI EKSTENSI S1 ILMU KOMPUTER FAKULTAS ILMU KOMPUTER DAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN

  2014

  

PERSETUJUAN

  Judul : ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN PROTOKOL BETTER APPROACH TO MOBILE AD HOC NETWORK (BATMAN) DENGAN PROTOKOL BABEL UNTUK LAYANAN

  VOICE OVER

  INTERNET PROTOCOL (VOIP) PADA MOBILE AD HOC NETWORK (MANET)

  Kategori : SKRIPSI Nama : ADAM KURNIAWAN MARGOLANG Nomor Induk Mahasiswa : 111421015 Program Studi : EKSTENSI S1 ILMU KOMPUTER Departemen : ILMU KOMPUTER Fakultas : FAKULTAS ILMU KOMPUTER DAN TEKNOLOGI

  INFORMASI (Fasilkom-TI) UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA

  Komisi Pembimbing: Dosen Pembimbing II Dosen Pembimbing I Handrizal, S.Si, M.Comp.Sc Ade Candra S.T, M.Kom

  NIP. 19790904 200912 1 002 Diketahui/Disetujui oleh Program Studi S1 Ilmu Komputer Ketua, Dr. Poltak Sihombing, M.Kom NIP. 19620217 199103 1 001

  

PERNYATAAN

ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN PROTOKOL BETTER APPROACH TO

MOBILE AD HOC NETWORK (BATMAN) DENGAN PROTOKOL

BABEL UNTUK LAYANAN VOICE OVER INTERNET

  

PROTOCOL (VOIP) PADA MOBILE AD HOC

NETWORK (MANET)

Saya mengakui bahwa skripsi ini adalah hasil karya saya sendiri, kecuali beberapa kutipan

dan ringkasan yang masing-masing disebutkan sumbernya.

  Medan, Januari 2014 Adam Kurniawan Margolang 111421015

  

PENGHARGAAN

  Alhamdulillah saya ucapkan kepada Allah SWT yang telah melimpahkan rahmat dan karunia-NYA serta salawat dan salam kepada junjungan atas Nabi Muhammad SAW karena skripsi ini telah berhasil diselesaikan dalam waktu yang telah ditentukan.

  Dalam penulisan skripsi ini penulis banyak mendapatkan bantuan serta dorongan dari pihak lain. Sehingga dengan segala kerendahan hati penulis mengucapkan terimakasih kepada: 1.

  Bapak Prof Dr Syahril Pasaribu, DTMH, MSc (CTM), SpA(K) selaku Rektor Universitas Sumatera Utara.

  2. Bapak Prof. Dr. Muhammad Zarlis selaku Dekan Fakultas Ilmu Komputer dan Teknologi Informasi.

  3. Bapak Dr. Poltak Sihombing, M.Kom selaku Ketua Program Studi Ilmu Komputer Universitas Sumatera Utara dan sekaligus sebagai Dosen Pembanding II.

  4. Ibu Dian Rachmawati S.Si, M.Kom selaku koordinator Ekstensi S1 Ilmu Komputer Universitas Sumatera Utara.

  5. Dosen Pembimbing Bapak Ade Candra, ST, M.Kom dan Bapak Handrizal, S.Si., M.Comp.Sc yang bersedia meluangkan waktu, pikiran, saran, panduan serta memberikan pengetahuan dan motivasi dalam penyelesaian skripsi ini.

  6. Dosen Pembanding I Bapak Drs. Agus Salim Harahap S.Si, M.Si.

  7. Seluruh staf-staf Pengajar (Dosen) Fakultas Ilmu Komputer dan Teknologi Informasi Universitas Sumatera Utara.

  8. Ayahanda Saibun Margolang dan ibunda Azizah selaku orang tua kandung penulis yang telah memberikan semangat, dorongan, serta doanya dalam menyelesaikan skripsi ini.

  9. Sahabat-sahabat penulis, antara lain Riri Indriati Purba Amd, Salman Kalista, S.Si, Fitri Yutari Hidayah Amd, Fitri Alia Amd, Suci Ikhwani Lestari Amd, Ade Marfuah Lubis Amd, dan semua sahabat seangkatan yang sudah membantu dan memberi semangat kepada penulis selama ini.

  Dalam penyusunan skripsi ini, penulis menyadari bahwa masih banyak kekurangan, untuk itu penulis mengharapkan saran dan kritik yang bersifat membangun dari semua pihak demi kesempurnaan skripsi ini. Akhir kata penulis mengharapkan semoga skripsi ini dapat bermanfaat dan membantu semua pihak yang memerlukannya.

  Penulis

  

ABSTRAK

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) dapat diimplementasikan pada berbagai

  model jaringan, baik model jaringan dengan infrastruktur maupun tanpa infrastruktur, seperti Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET). MANET bisa dibangun dengan node yang bersifat mobile dan dengan menggunakan protokol routing khusus. Dua diantara beberapa protokol routing yang bisa digunakan adalah B.A.T.M.A.N dan Babel. Latar belakang penulis memilih topik ini yakni guna mempermudah administrator dalam memilih protokol

  

routing terbaik antara B.A.T.M.A.N dan Babel untuk layanan VoIP pada

  MANET. Pada penelitian ini MANET dibangun dengan 10 buah node yang berupa notebook. MANET diimplementasikan secara bergantian antara protokol B.A.T.M.A.N-adv dan Babel. Masing-masing protokol diuji dengan 5 buah parameter, yaitu penggunaan bandwidth, delay, jitter, packet loss dan

  

mean opinion score (MOS) pada dua skenario, yaitu full connected dan partial

connected . Hasil rata-rata yang didapat pada skenario full connected adalah

  penggunaan bandwidth Babel yang lebih kecil, sementara untuk delay, jitter, dan packet loss B.A.T.M.A.N-adv menjadi yang lebih unggul. Sementara pada skenario partial connected penggunaan bandwidth Babel masih lebih kecil, untuk delay diungguli oleh B.A.T.M.A.N-adv, sedangkan jitter dan packet loss nilai Babel lebih baik. Untuk nilai MOS yang terjadi pada B.A.T.M.A.N-adv adalah 3,5, sementara Babel unggul dengan nilai 3,6.

  Katakunci : Babel, Better Approach To Mobile Ad Hoc Network

  

(B.A.T.M.A.N), Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET), Voice over Internet

Protocol (VoIP).

  

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BETTER APPROACH TO MOBILE

AD HOC NETWORK (BATMAN) PROTOCOL WITH BABEL

PROTOCOL FOR VOICE OVER INTERNET PROTOCOL

(VOIP) SERVICE ON MOBILE AD HOC

  

NETWORK (MANET)

ABSTRACT

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) can be implemented in various network

models, both at the network with infrastructure or network without

infrastructure, such as Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET). MANET can be

built with nodes that are mobile and using special routing protocols. Two of

many routing protocols that can be used are B.A.T.M.A.N and Babel. The

reason of the author to chose this topic is to make easy an administrators in

selecting the best routing protocol between B.A.T.M.A.N and Babel to build

VoIP service in MANET. In this research MANET built using 10 nodes in the

notebooks form. MANET protocols are implemented by turns with

B.A.T.M.AN-adv and Babel. Each protocols is tested with 5 parameters, they

are bandwidth usage, delay, jitter, packet loss and mean opinion score (MOS)

on two scenarios, they are full connected and partial connected. In the full

connected scenario, Babel use smaller bandwidth, while for delay, jitter, and

packet loss B.A.T.M.A.N-adv is better. In the partial connected scenario,

Babel still use smaller bandwidth, for delay B.A.T.M.A.N-adv is better, but for

jitter and packet loss Babel is better. For the MOS value in B.A.T.M.A.N-adv

is 3,5 while Babel is better with the value 3,6.

  

Keywords : Babel, Better Approach To Mobile Ad Hoc Network

(B.A.T.M.A.N), Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET), Voice over Internet

Protocol (VoIP).

  

DAFTAR ISI

  2.6 Ad Hoc dan Infrastrktur ............................................................................ 20

  2.4 Wireless ..................................................................................................... 17

  2.4.1 Jenis Teknologi Wireless ......................................................... 18

  2.4.1.1 Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) .............. 18

  2.4.1.2 Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN) .................. 18

  2.4.1.3 Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) .................. 18

  2.5 Wireless Mesh Network (WMN) .............................................................. 19

  2.7 Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) ......................................................... 22

  2.3.3.2 User Datagram Protocol (UDP) ............................... 16

  2.8 Routing ...................................................................................................... 24

  2.9 Protokol Routing ....................................................................................... 25

  2.9.1 Klasifikasi Protokol Routing Pada MANET ............................ 25

  2.9.1.1 Protokol Routing Proactive ...................................... 25

  2.9.1.2 Protokol Routing Reactive ....................................... 25

  2.9.1.3 Protokol Routing Hybrid .......................................... 26

  2.3.3.3 Internet Protocol (IP) ................................................ 16

  2.3.3.1 Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) ...................... 15

  PERSETUJUAN ........................................................................................................ iii PERNYATAAN ........................................................................................................ iv PENGHARGAAN ..................................................................................................... v ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................. vi ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................... vii DAFTAR ISI .............................................................................................................. viii DAFTAR TABEL ...................................................................................................... xi DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................................. xii

  1.6 Metodologi Penelitian ............................................................................... 4

  BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................................ 1

  1.1 Latar Belakang .......................................................................................... 1

  1.2 Rumusan Masalah ..................................................................................... 3

  1.3 Batasan Masalah ....................................................................................... 3

  1.4 Tujuan Penelitian ..................................................................................... 4

  1.5 Manfaat Penelitian .................................................................................... 4

  1.7 Sistematika Penulisan ............................................................................... 5

  2.3.3 Protokol Pendukung VoIP ....................................................... 15

  BAB 2 LANDASAN TEORI ................................................................................... 7

  2.1 Jaringan Komputer .................................................................................... 7

  2.2 Topologi Jaringan ..................................................................................... 9

  2.3 Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP) ........................................................ 12

  2.3.1 Kelebihan VoIP ........................................................................ 14

  2.3.2 Kekurangan VoIP ..................................................................... 14

  2.10 Protokol Better Approach To Mobile Ad Hoc Network (B.A.T.M.A.N) ......................................................................... 27

  2.10.1 Karakteristik B.A.T.M.A.N ..................................................... 27

  2.10.2 Format Paket B.A.T.M.A.N ..................................................... 28

  2.10.3 Cara Kerja OGM ...................................................................... 30

  2.10.4 Mekanisme Routing B.A.T.M.A.N .......................................... 31

  2.10.5 Pemilihan dan Pembentukan Rute B.A.T.M.A.N .................... 31

  2.10.6 Penghapusan Rute B.A.T.M.A.N ............................................. 32

  2.10.7 B.A.T.M.A.N-advance ............................................................. 32

  2.10.8 Interface Virtual bat0 ............................................................... 33

  2.11 Protokol Babel ......................................................................................... 33

  2.11.1 Babel Pada Jaringan Dual-Stack .............................................. 34

  2.11.2 Kekurangan Babel .................................................................... 34

  2.11.3 Transmisi Informasi Routing Babel ......................................... 34

  2.11.4 Pemilihan Rute Babel .............................................................. 35

  2.11.5 Kondisi Kehandalan Babel....................................................... 35

  2.11.6 Konvergensi Babel ................................................................... 36

  2.11.7 Format Paket Babel .................................................................. 36

  2.11.8 Format TLV ............................................................................. 37

  

BAB 3 ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN .......................................................... 39

  3.1 Analisis ..................................................................................................... 39

  3.1.1 Analisis Masalah ...................................................................... 39

  3.1.2 Analisis Kebutuhan .................................................................. 40

  3.1.2.1 Kebutuhan Fungsional .............................................. 40

  3.1.2.2 Kebutuhan Non-Funsional Sistem ............................ 41

  3.1.3 Pemodelan ................................................................................ 41

  3.1.3.1 Use Case Diagram .................................................... 42

  3.1.3.2 Flowchart Pengujian ................................................. 43

  3.2 Perangkat Keras yang Digunakan ............................................................. 45

  3.3 Perangkat Lunak yang Digunakan ............................................................ 45

  3.3.1 Sistem Operasi ......................................................................... 45

  3.3.2 Protokol Routing ...................................................................... 46

  3.3.3 Tools Pendukung ..................................................................... 46

  3.3.3.1 Batctl ........................................................................ 47

  3.3.3.2 Babelweb .................................................................. 48

  3.3.4 Perangkat Lunak VoIP ............................................................. 49

  3.3.4.1 VoIP Klien ................................................................ 49

  3.3.4.2 VoIP Server (Softswitch) ......................................... 49

  3.3.5 Perangkat Lunak Monitoring ................................................... 50

  3.4 Lokasi Pengujian ....................................................................................... 51

  3.5 Parameter Kualitas VoIP ........................................................................... 54

  3.6 Mekanisme dan Skenario Pengujian ......................................................... 55

  3.6.1 Verifikasi Topologi .................................................................. 55

  3.6.2 Pengujian Penggunaan Bandwidth, Delay, Jitter dan Packet Loss .............................................................................. 56

  3.6.2.1 Pengujian Penggunaan Bandwidth ........................... 56

  3.6.2.2 Pengujian Delay, Jitter, dan Packet Loss ................. 57

  3.6.3 Pengujian Mean Opinion Score (MOS) ................................... 58

  

BAB 4 IMPLEMENTASI DAN PENGUJIAN ...................................................... 60

  4.2.3 Hasil Pengujian Delay .............................................................. 75

  5.2 Saran ......................................................................................................... 85

  5.1 Kesimpulan ............................................................................................... 83

  

BAB 5 KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN .................................................................... 83

  4.2.6 Hasil Pengujian Mean Opinion Score (MOS) ......................... 82

  4.2.5 Hasil Pengujian Packet Loss .................................................... 80

  4.2.4 Hasil Pengujian Jitter ............................................................... 77

  4.2.2 Hasil Pengujian Penggunaan Bandwidth ................................. 72

  4.1 Implementasi Sistem ................................................................................. 60

  4.2.1 Verifikasi Topologi .................................................................. 67

  4.2 Analisis Data ............................................................................................. 67

  4.1.4 Aktifasi Protokol ...................................................................... 65

  4.1.3 Pendaftaran Akun VoIP ........................................................... 64

  4.1.2 Instalasi Protokol ..................................................................... 61

  4.1.1 Pengalamatan ........................................................................... 61

  DAFTAR PUSTAKA LAMPIRAN

  

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 3.1 Metode Pengujian Penggunaan Bandwidth ............................................ 56Tabel 3.2 Metode Pengujian Delay, Jitter, dan Packet Loss ................................... 57Tabel 4.1 Daftar Akun Pengguna Layanan VoIP ................................................... 64Tabel 4.2 Pengujian Bandwidth Node Server Skenario Full Connected ................ 72Tabel 4.3 Selisih Bandiwdth BATMAN-adv dan Babel Full Connected ............... 72Tabel 4.4 Pengujian Bandwidth Node Server Skenario Partial Connected ............ 73Tabel 4.5 Selisih Bandiwdth BATMAN-adv dan Babel Skenario Partial

  Connected ............................................................................................... 74

Tabel 4.6 Pengujian Delay Skenario Full Connected ............................................. 74Tabel 4.7 Pengujian Delay Skenario Partial Connected ......................................... 75Tabel 4.8 Pengujian Jitter Skenario Full Connected ............................................... 77Tabel 4.9 Pengujian Jitter Skenario Partial Connected ........................................... 78Tabel 4.10 Pengujian Packet Loss Skenario Partial Connected ............................. 79Tabel 4.11 Pengujian Packet Loss Skenario Partial Connected ............................. 80Tabel 4.12 Hasil Pengujian MOS ........................................................................... 81

  

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1 Bentuk Topologi Bus ............................................................................. 9Gambar 2.2 Bentuk Topologi Ring ............................................................................ 10Gambar 2.3 Bentuk Topologi Star ............................................................................. 11Gambar 2.4 Bentuk Topologi Mesh ........................................................................... 12Gambar 2.5 Proses Pertukaran Data Suara Antara Dua Pengguna ............................ 13Gambar 2.5 Visualisasi WMN Pada BTS Telepon Selular ....................................... 19Gambar 2.6 Jaringan Nirkabel Mode Infrastrktur Sederhana .................................... 21Gambar 2.7 Jaringan Mode Ad Hoc Sederhana ......................................................... 21Gambar 2.8 MANET Full Connected ........................................................................ 23Gambar 2.9 MANET Partial Connected .................................................................... 23Gambar 2.10 Visualisasi Informasi Pada Router Untuk Melakukan Routing ........... 24Gambar 2.11 Klasifikasi Routing Pada MANET....................................................... 26Gambar 2.12 Format Paket B.A.T.M.A.N ................................................................. 28Gambar 2.13 Format OGM ........................................................................................ 29Gambar 2.14 Format Pesan HNA .............................................................................. 29Gambar 2.15 Mekanisme Pemrosesan OGM ............................................................. 31Gambar 2.16 Format Paket Header Babel ................................................................. 36Gambar 2.17 Format Paket TLV ............................................................................... 38Gambar 3.1 Diagram Ishikawa Analisis Masalah ...................................................... 40Gambar 3.2 Use Case End User Pengujian Kualitas VoIP Protokol

  B.A.T.M.A.N-adv dan Babel ................................................................. 42

Gambar 3.3 Use Case Administrator Pengujian Kualitas VoIP Protokol

  B.A.T.M.A.N-adv dan Babel ................................................................. 43