T BING 1402216 Table of content
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS .......................................................................................... i
LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................... v
LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................... vi
LIST OF APPENDICES ........................................................................................... vii
CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION ............................................................................ 1
1.1 Background ........................................................................................................ 1
1.2 Formulation of the Problem ............................................................................... 3
1.3 Purpose of the Study .......................................................................................... 4
1.4 Scope of the Study .............................................................................................. 4
1.5 Significance of the Study ................................................................................... 4
1.6 Outline of the Thesis .......................................................................................... 5
CHAPTER 2 : THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK .................................................... 6
2.1 Authentic Assessment ........................................................................................ 6
2.1.1 Description of Interrelated Concepts in Language Assessment ................ 6
2.1.2 Description of Authentic Assessment ....................................................... 8
2.1.3 Basic Principles of Authentic Assessment ................................................ 11
2.1.4 Types of Authentic Assessment ................................................................ 18
2.1.5 Benefits of Authentic Assessment ............................................................. 24
2.1.6 Implementation of Authentic Assessment ................................................. 27
2.1.6.1 Identifying Standard ....................................................................... 28
2.1.6.2 Selecting Authentic Tasks/Techniques ......................................... 29
2.1.6.3 Identifying Criteria ....................................................................... 30
i
Erwin Rahayu Saputra, 2016
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT IN THE 2013 CURRICULUM
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
2.1.6.4 Creating Rubric ............................................................................. 31
2.1.6.5 Gathering and Analyzing Information .......................................... 39
2.1.6.6 Sharing Result ............................................................................... 40
2.1.6.7 Conducting Follow up Action ...................................................... 41
2.1.7 Challenges in Implementing Authentic Assessment ................................. 41
2.1.7.1 Time and Effort Consuming ......................................................... 42
2.1.7.2 Validity Issue ................................................................................ 42
2.1.7.3 Low Reliability ............................................................................. 43
2.1.7.4 Task/Technique Development ...................................................... 44
2.1.7.5 Task/Technique Selection ............................................................. 44
2.1.7.6 Rubric Creation ............................................................................. 44
2.1.7.7 Resource Administration .............................................................. 45
2.1.7.8 Evidence Transformation .............................................................. 45
2.1.7.9 Subjectivity ................................................................................... 46
2.2 The 2013 Curriculum ......................................................................................... 46
2.2.1 Description of the 2013 Curriculum .......................................................... 46
2.2.2 Basic Principles of the 2013 Curriculum .................................................. 47
2.2.3 Assessment in the 2013 Curriculum .......................................................... 48
2.2.4 Competences of the Assessment in the 2013 Curriculum ......................... 49
2.3 Previous Research .............................................................................................. 51
CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY ............................................................................ 59
3.1 Site and Participants ........................................................................................... 59
3.2 Research Design ................................................................................................. 60
3.3 Research Instrument ........................................................................................... 60
ii
Erwin Rahayu Saputra, 2016
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT IN THE 2013 CURRICULUM
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
3.4 Data Collection ................................................................................................... 61
3.4.1 Observation ............................................................................................... 61
3.4.2 Interview .................................................................................................... 62
3.4.3 Document Analysis ................................................................................... 62
3.5 Data Analysis ..................................................................................................... 64
3.5.1 Analysis of Data from Observation ........................................................... 64
3.5.2 Analysis of Data from Interview ............................................................... 65
3.5.3 Analysis of Data from Document ............................................................. 65
CHAPTER 4: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ....................................................... 68
4.1 General Description of the Teacher Assessment ................................................. 68
4.1.1 Principles Followed in the Teacher Assessment ....................................... 69
4.2 Implementation of Authentic Assessment ........................................................... 79
4.2.1 Identifying Standard .................................................................................. 79
4.2.2 Selecting Authentic Tasks/Techniques ..................................................... 85
4.2.3 Identifying Criteria .................................................................................... 87
4.2.4 Creating Rubric ......................................................................................... 91
4.2.5 Gathering and Analyzing Information ...................................................... 95
4.2.6 Sharing Result ........................................................................................... 99
4.2.7 Conducting Follow up Action ................................................................... 103
4.3 Types of Authentic Assessment .......................................................................... 111
4.3.1 Observation ............................................................................................... 112
4.3.2 Performance .............................................................................................. 116
4.3.3 Project ........................................................................................................ 120
4.3.4 Writing Samples ........................................................................................ 124
iii
Erwin Rahayu Saputra, 2016
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT IN THE 2013 CURRICULUM
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
4.3.5 Constructed Response ............................................................................... 126
4.3.6 Peer Assessment ........................................................................................ 127
4.3.7 Self Assessment ......................................................................................... 130
4.4 Assessed Competences ........................................................................................ 132
4.4.1 Attitude ...................................................................................................... 134
4.4.2 Skills .......................................................................................................... 136
4.4.3 Knowledge ................................................................................................ 138
4.5 Challenges Encountered in Implementation ....................................................... 139
4.5.1 Student Related Issue ................................................................................ 140
4.5.2 Time and Effort Consuming ...................................................................... 142
4.5.3 Validity Issue ............................................................................................. 143
4.5.4 Reliability Issue ......................................................................................... 144
4.5.5 Resource Administration ........................................................................... 145
4.5.6 Evidence Transformation .......................................................................... 146
4.5.7 Subjectivity ................................................................................................ 147
4.6 Concluding Remark ............................................................................................. 148
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS ......................................... 149
5.1 Conclusions ......................................................................................................... 149
5.2 Suggestions .......................................................................................................... 150
BIBLIOGRAPHY ..................................................................................................... 152
APPENDICES ........................................................................................................... 164
iv
Erwin Rahayu Saputra, 2016
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT IN THE 2013 CURRICULUM
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1 Example of Rubric for Assessing Attitude Using Observation ................ 32
Table 2.2 Example of Rubric for Assessing Attitude Using Self-Assessment ......... 33
Table 2.3 Example of Rubric for Assessing Attitude Using Peer-Assessment ........ 33
Table 2.4 Example of Holistic Oral Language Competence Scoring Rubric ........... 34
Table 2.5 Example of Analytic Oral Language Competence Scoring Rubric .......... 35
Table 2.6 Example of Holistic Written Language Competence Scoring Rubric ...... 37
Table 2.7 Example of Analytic Written Language Competence Scoring Rubric ..... 38
Table 3.1 Theory-Based Themes Used in the Study ................................................. 66
Table 4.1 Data Sample of Identifying Standard from Document ............................. 81
Table 4.2 Sample of Teacher’s Rubric for Attitude Assessment .............................. 92
Table 4.3 Sample of Teacher’s Rubric for Spoken Language Skill .......................... 93
Table 4.4 Rubric for Observation .............................................................................. 112
Table 4.5 Rubric Used in Peer Assessment ............................................................... 128
v
Erwin Rahayu Saputra, 2016
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT IN THE 2013 CURRICULUM
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2.1 Position of Authentic Assessment ........................................................... 10
Figure 2.2 Learning Taxonomies in the 2013 Curriculum ........................................ 51
Figure 4.1 The Use of Name Tag .............................................................................. 97
Figure 4.2 Flow of Implementation of Authentic Assessment .................................. 110
Figure 4.3 Noting down in Observation .................................................................... 115
Figure 4.4 Sample of Performance 1 ......................................................................... 117
Figure 4.5 Sample of Performance 2 ......................................................................... 118
Figure 4.6 Sample of Project ..................................................................................... 123
vi
Erwin Rahayu Saputra, 2016
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT IN THE 2013 CURRICULUM
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix 1 Observation Transcripts .................................................................. 164
Appendix 2 Observation Sheets & Field Notes Form ........................................ 275
Appendix 3 Observation Field Notes ................................................................. 281
Appendix 4 Teacher Interview Guideline .......................................................... 300
Appendix 5 Teacher Interview Transcripts ........................................................ 302
Appendix 6 Student Interview Guideline ........................................................... 329
Appendix 7 Student Interview Transcripts ......................................................... 330
Appendix 8 Teacher’s Syllabus .......................................................................... 339
Appendix 9 Teacher’s Lesson Plans .................................................................. 368
Appendix 10 Teacher’s Notes ............................................................................ 410
Appendix 11 Students’ Tasks ............................................................................. 412
vii
Erwin Rahayu Saputra, 2016
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT IN THE 2013 CURRICULUM
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
TABLE OF CONTENTS .......................................................................................... i
LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................... v
LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................... vi
LIST OF APPENDICES ........................................................................................... vii
CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION ............................................................................ 1
1.1 Background ........................................................................................................ 1
1.2 Formulation of the Problem ............................................................................... 3
1.3 Purpose of the Study .......................................................................................... 4
1.4 Scope of the Study .............................................................................................. 4
1.5 Significance of the Study ................................................................................... 4
1.6 Outline of the Thesis .......................................................................................... 5
CHAPTER 2 : THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK .................................................... 6
2.1 Authentic Assessment ........................................................................................ 6
2.1.1 Description of Interrelated Concepts in Language Assessment ................ 6
2.1.2 Description of Authentic Assessment ....................................................... 8
2.1.3 Basic Principles of Authentic Assessment ................................................ 11
2.1.4 Types of Authentic Assessment ................................................................ 18
2.1.5 Benefits of Authentic Assessment ............................................................. 24
2.1.6 Implementation of Authentic Assessment ................................................. 27
2.1.6.1 Identifying Standard ....................................................................... 28
2.1.6.2 Selecting Authentic Tasks/Techniques ......................................... 29
2.1.6.3 Identifying Criteria ....................................................................... 30
i
Erwin Rahayu Saputra, 2016
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT IN THE 2013 CURRICULUM
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
2.1.6.4 Creating Rubric ............................................................................. 31
2.1.6.5 Gathering and Analyzing Information .......................................... 39
2.1.6.6 Sharing Result ............................................................................... 40
2.1.6.7 Conducting Follow up Action ...................................................... 41
2.1.7 Challenges in Implementing Authentic Assessment ................................. 41
2.1.7.1 Time and Effort Consuming ......................................................... 42
2.1.7.2 Validity Issue ................................................................................ 42
2.1.7.3 Low Reliability ............................................................................. 43
2.1.7.4 Task/Technique Development ...................................................... 44
2.1.7.5 Task/Technique Selection ............................................................. 44
2.1.7.6 Rubric Creation ............................................................................. 44
2.1.7.7 Resource Administration .............................................................. 45
2.1.7.8 Evidence Transformation .............................................................. 45
2.1.7.9 Subjectivity ................................................................................... 46
2.2 The 2013 Curriculum ......................................................................................... 46
2.2.1 Description of the 2013 Curriculum .......................................................... 46
2.2.2 Basic Principles of the 2013 Curriculum .................................................. 47
2.2.3 Assessment in the 2013 Curriculum .......................................................... 48
2.2.4 Competences of the Assessment in the 2013 Curriculum ......................... 49
2.3 Previous Research .............................................................................................. 51
CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY ............................................................................ 59
3.1 Site and Participants ........................................................................................... 59
3.2 Research Design ................................................................................................. 60
3.3 Research Instrument ........................................................................................... 60
ii
Erwin Rahayu Saputra, 2016
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT IN THE 2013 CURRICULUM
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
3.4 Data Collection ................................................................................................... 61
3.4.1 Observation ............................................................................................... 61
3.4.2 Interview .................................................................................................... 62
3.4.3 Document Analysis ................................................................................... 62
3.5 Data Analysis ..................................................................................................... 64
3.5.1 Analysis of Data from Observation ........................................................... 64
3.5.2 Analysis of Data from Interview ............................................................... 65
3.5.3 Analysis of Data from Document ............................................................. 65
CHAPTER 4: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ....................................................... 68
4.1 General Description of the Teacher Assessment ................................................. 68
4.1.1 Principles Followed in the Teacher Assessment ....................................... 69
4.2 Implementation of Authentic Assessment ........................................................... 79
4.2.1 Identifying Standard .................................................................................. 79
4.2.2 Selecting Authentic Tasks/Techniques ..................................................... 85
4.2.3 Identifying Criteria .................................................................................... 87
4.2.4 Creating Rubric ......................................................................................... 91
4.2.5 Gathering and Analyzing Information ...................................................... 95
4.2.6 Sharing Result ........................................................................................... 99
4.2.7 Conducting Follow up Action ................................................................... 103
4.3 Types of Authentic Assessment .......................................................................... 111
4.3.1 Observation ............................................................................................... 112
4.3.2 Performance .............................................................................................. 116
4.3.3 Project ........................................................................................................ 120
4.3.4 Writing Samples ........................................................................................ 124
iii
Erwin Rahayu Saputra, 2016
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT IN THE 2013 CURRICULUM
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
4.3.5 Constructed Response ............................................................................... 126
4.3.6 Peer Assessment ........................................................................................ 127
4.3.7 Self Assessment ......................................................................................... 130
4.4 Assessed Competences ........................................................................................ 132
4.4.1 Attitude ...................................................................................................... 134
4.4.2 Skills .......................................................................................................... 136
4.4.3 Knowledge ................................................................................................ 138
4.5 Challenges Encountered in Implementation ....................................................... 139
4.5.1 Student Related Issue ................................................................................ 140
4.5.2 Time and Effort Consuming ...................................................................... 142
4.5.3 Validity Issue ............................................................................................. 143
4.5.4 Reliability Issue ......................................................................................... 144
4.5.5 Resource Administration ........................................................................... 145
4.5.6 Evidence Transformation .......................................................................... 146
4.5.7 Subjectivity ................................................................................................ 147
4.6 Concluding Remark ............................................................................................. 148
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS ......................................... 149
5.1 Conclusions ......................................................................................................... 149
5.2 Suggestions .......................................................................................................... 150
BIBLIOGRAPHY ..................................................................................................... 152
APPENDICES ........................................................................................................... 164
iv
Erwin Rahayu Saputra, 2016
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT IN THE 2013 CURRICULUM
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1 Example of Rubric for Assessing Attitude Using Observation ................ 32
Table 2.2 Example of Rubric for Assessing Attitude Using Self-Assessment ......... 33
Table 2.3 Example of Rubric for Assessing Attitude Using Peer-Assessment ........ 33
Table 2.4 Example of Holistic Oral Language Competence Scoring Rubric ........... 34
Table 2.5 Example of Analytic Oral Language Competence Scoring Rubric .......... 35
Table 2.6 Example of Holistic Written Language Competence Scoring Rubric ...... 37
Table 2.7 Example of Analytic Written Language Competence Scoring Rubric ..... 38
Table 3.1 Theory-Based Themes Used in the Study ................................................. 66
Table 4.1 Data Sample of Identifying Standard from Document ............................. 81
Table 4.2 Sample of Teacher’s Rubric for Attitude Assessment .............................. 92
Table 4.3 Sample of Teacher’s Rubric for Spoken Language Skill .......................... 93
Table 4.4 Rubric for Observation .............................................................................. 112
Table 4.5 Rubric Used in Peer Assessment ............................................................... 128
v
Erwin Rahayu Saputra, 2016
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT IN THE 2013 CURRICULUM
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2.1 Position of Authentic Assessment ........................................................... 10
Figure 2.2 Learning Taxonomies in the 2013 Curriculum ........................................ 51
Figure 4.1 The Use of Name Tag .............................................................................. 97
Figure 4.2 Flow of Implementation of Authentic Assessment .................................. 110
Figure 4.3 Noting down in Observation .................................................................... 115
Figure 4.4 Sample of Performance 1 ......................................................................... 117
Figure 4.5 Sample of Performance 2 ......................................................................... 118
Figure 4.6 Sample of Project ..................................................................................... 123
vi
Erwin Rahayu Saputra, 2016
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT IN THE 2013 CURRICULUM
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix 1 Observation Transcripts .................................................................. 164
Appendix 2 Observation Sheets & Field Notes Form ........................................ 275
Appendix 3 Observation Field Notes ................................................................. 281
Appendix 4 Teacher Interview Guideline .......................................................... 300
Appendix 5 Teacher Interview Transcripts ........................................................ 302
Appendix 6 Student Interview Guideline ........................................................... 329
Appendix 7 Student Interview Transcripts ......................................................... 330
Appendix 8 Teacher’s Syllabus .......................................................................... 339
Appendix 9 Teacher’s Lesson Plans .................................................................. 368
Appendix 10 Teacher’s Notes ............................................................................ 410
Appendix 11 Students’ Tasks ............................................................................. 412
vii
Erwin Rahayu Saputra, 2016
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT IN THE 2013 CURRICULUM
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu