LIBRARY MANAGEMENT AT BATIK I SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL OF SURAKARTA Library Management at Batik I Senior High School of Surakarta.
LIBRARY M ANAGEM ENT AT BATIK I SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
OF SURAKARTA
M AN USCRIPT PU BLICATION
Submit t ed t o Educat ional M anagement Program
as a part ial of Requirement s t o Gain a M ast er Degree
in Educat ional M anagement
By
IRFAN FAJRUL FALAH
Q100110032
EDUCATIONAL M ANAGEM ENT PROGRAM
GRADUATE PROGRAM
M UHAM M ADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2013
2
LIBRARY M ANAGEM ENT
AT BATIK I SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL OF SURAKARTA
Irfan Fajrul Falah
1,
By:
, Sutama and Dew i Chandraningrum 3
2
Graduat e Program Universit y M uhammadiyah of Surakart a
E-mail: Bit oniac@yahoo.com , Sut ama@yahoo.com and
dew iahmad@yahoo.com.au
Abstract
The object ives of t his research are t o describe (1) human resources
m anagem ent; (2) the management of library collect ions; (3) the management of
library services; (4) Room design at Bat ik I Senior High School Library of
Surakart a. This is a qualit at ive research using et hnography design. The main
subject of t his st udy involves library st aff , p rincipal, t eachers and st udent s. The
result of t his research includes (1) Human Resource at Bat ik I Senior High School
Library of Surakart a is consist ed of t hree persons –library coordinat or,
adm inist rat ion and t echnical st aff . (2) The management of collect ions at Bat ik I
Library includes t w o main act ivit ies namely procurement and processing library
mat erials. (3) The Services available at Bat ik I Senior High School Library are
circulat ion, reference and int ernet service. (4) The room design at Bat ik I Senior
High School Library of Suraka rt a consider t he user’s comfort . It is divided int o
t hree part s, administ rat ion, collect ions and reading room .
Keywords: collect ion, human resource, room design, service
Background
Bat ik I Senior High School of Surakart a is locat ed in Surakart a, Cent ral Java.
It is considered as one of t he best senior high schools in Surakart a.
Geographically it is surrounded by several educat ional inst it ut ions such as Bat ik I
Junior
High
School,
Bat ik
Vocat ional
School,
Academy
of
M edical
of
M uhammadiyah and Primary Educat ion of Sebelas M aret Universit y.
Based on t he early st udy t hat conduct ed by t he researcher, it has
approximat ely 610 st udent s w hose t aught by more t han 30 teachers with
different subject s. It can be seen t hat t he proport ion bet w een st udent s and
3
t eacher is imbalance. Thus bot h t eacher and st udent should be smart in fulfilling
t heir needs of know ledge. It is not only support ed by t eacher w ho has
compet ency but it is support ed by good facilit ies as well. One of t he facilit ies t hat
available in Bat ik I Senior High School is library, w here t he st udent s may ut ilize it
in sat isfying or even developing t heir know ledge t hrough self discovery in library
as t he support ing media in t eaching learning process t o achieve t he goals in
educat ion t hat proposed.
School library is an essent ial component t hat cannot be separat ed from
school. As one of media in educat ion, school library t akes a vit al posit ion in
support ing facili t y t hat helps bot h t eacher and st udent s t o develop t heir
know ledge. Indeed, it is not only a part of building in a school but also it is a
place t hat provides so much useful informat ion in learning process.
Library has become an int egrat ed syst em t o support learning act ivit y. It
means t he operat ional of a library should be in accordance w it h t he vision and
mission of a school by facilit at ing relevant and act ual informat ion for t he user.
The Int ernat ional Federat ion of Library Associat ions and Inst it ut ions (IFLA)
recognize t his fact and assert t hat libraries are indispensable t o t he funct ioning
of inst it ut ion and t he achievement of t heir academic missions. Accordingly a
library exist s t o assist t he academic, researcher, or st udent in t he process of selfdiscovery, adopt ion of high ideals life, t he improvement of scholast ic efficiency
t hrough self-st udy and t he development of capacit y for crit ical t hinking.
The presence of library in an inst it ut ion has and w ill alw ays play significant
roles. It is needed for re search, t eaching and learning as well. It gives t eacher and
st udent s as w ell some opport unit ies t o broaden and deepen t heir know ledge by
reading books. Library provides several mat erials t hat might be useful in
increasing t eaching learning qualit y. By t he presence of library, it gives a hope t o
enlarge st udent s reading habit . Thus, a library as a source of informat ion in a
school should be w ell organized professionally in order t o achieve t he goals t hat
proposed.
4
How ever, t he realit y on library especially in Indonesia is st ill far aw ay from
being good. There are several fact ors w hich causing it w het her from int ernal or
even ext ernal of t he school t hat appear in managing library such as t he qualit y of
library human resource which is st ill poor, t he incomplet e ness library collect ion,
unsat isfied
services and
also
t he room
design
t hat
unst ruct ured
and
uncomfort able. These are considered as t he problems t hat diminish t he
st udent s’ int erest in ut ilizing t he library.
The Research M et hod
This is a qualit at ive research using et hnography design. The main subject of
t his st udy involves library st aff (coordinat or, administ rat ion and t echnical st aff),
principal, t eachers and st udent s. Dat a collect ion t echnique uses in -dept h
int erview , observat ion and document at ion. Dat a analysis is st art ed from (1) dat a
collect ion; (2) dat a reduct ion; (3) dat a display and (4) draw ing conclusion. The
result of t his st udy will be present ed as it is, based on t he fact gat hered from t he
field about t he library m anagem ent.
Result of the research
1. Human Resource in Bat ik I Library
Human resource in a library is a group of person w ho w ork t o organize
of all aspect in a library. It is not merely t o manage t he collect ion but t he
administ rat ion as w ell. Bafadal (2009) st at ed t hat human resource is a vital
component in operat ing a library. That is w hy t he person or coordinat or of a
library should be qualified and having skills in order t o empow er all pot ent ial
aspect s in t he library. Human resource in Bat ik I library is consist ed of t hree
persons; A coordinat or, an administ rat ion st aff and t echnical st aff. They w ork
under t he principal as t op leader. Furt her he st at ed t hat in a school library
t here must be one person or more t hat appoint ed by headmast er t o organize
the library as library coordinat or.
Based on t he st udy conduct ed by t he researcher in Bat ik I library, t he
researcher found t hat t he mechanism of hiring a librarian is based on t he
5
select ion. It means, Bat ik I Senior High School want it s library being managed
by a person w ho minimally has know ledge t o direct t he library. Act ually it is a
good movement , because it is rarely found t hat a library is being direct ed by a
person w ho has a background about library. When w e hire a person w ho has
capabilit y at , t here are several advant ages: first is t he w ay he leads w ill be fit ,
because he know s w hat program act ually t o be doing and it w ill make t he
program effect ive. Second is he knows exact ly t he condit ion of a library, t hus
he can fix t he element ary problem before go furt her.
Somet hing t o be concerned here, Siregar (2006) st at ed t hat librarian is
not a person w ho has capabilit y in managerial only, but it is more t han t hat ,
he has t o promot e t he science and know ledge as w ell. We can see how
import ant t he role of a librarian in conduct ing t he library. If t he library is
direct ed by a person who has no capabilit y, t he funct ion of it will be less
effect ive. That ’s w hy a school library needs t o find someone w hom good at it .
It could be by open recruit ment or even select ion process. When a library is
managed by unmot ivat ed person, it w ill be left t hen by t he user. That ’s w hy
ideally a library needs it s human resource which has high mot ivat ion in
operat ing t heir professions and it can’t be separat ed from t heir charact ers
and also t heir educat ion backgroun ds.
Based on a st udy conduct ed by M c Addo ent it led Building Bridges:
Connect ing st udent s, facult y and t he college library (2010) show s t hat t here
must be t w o skills w hich import ant t o be ow ned by librarian in modern era –
Adapt at ion and Learn quickly. Those abilit ies are essent ial t o meet t he
requirement in t his global era w here informat ion and t echnology are grow ing
rapidly. That is w hy ideally a librarian is not a person w ho has not educat ion
background from library, document at ion and informat ion because t he person
w ho has right compet encies w ill perform bet t er.
M eanw hile, for support ing st aff Bat ik I library hire 2 persons t o assist
t he
administ rat or
in
operat ional
6
such
as
circulat ion
service
and
administ rat ions. The w orkload in a Bat ik I library is not easy t hat is w hy t he
administ rat or needs ot her supports t o maximize t he funct ion of library t o
w ork w ell.
Bot h administ rat or and support ing st affs in Bat ik I Library are subject t o
t he school principal, because t he principal appoint ed t hem in t erm t o manage
library t o be w ell as t he main source of informat ion in a school. Besides t hat ,
t here are several act ivit ies t hat should do by bot h administ rat or and
support ing st aff like maint aining t he collect ion, designing t he room and
replace t he book w hen it is ret urned.
To develop t he qualit y of it s employees in Bat ik I library, t he principal
always support t hem t o join seminar, workshop, and visit ing ot hers library in
order t o innovat e t he w ork it s library. The seminar, w orkshop and visit at ion
are import ant t o develop t he library st aff’s capabilit y in managing library. By
joining t he conference, t hey w ill have some new know ledge t hat t hey may
apply in operat ing library. Prast ow o (2012) st at ed t hat t he development of
library st aff w ill be beneficial for bot h st aff/ administ rat or and it s library. For
t he administ rat or/ st aff it is needed t o digging in t heir pot ent ial t alent s inside
and implement s t hem int o t he real w ork in library. It is in line w it h Purw ono
(2006) w ho st at ed formal and informal educat ion is essent ial for people in
specialized field.
That is w hy t he improvement of library human resource needs t o be
concerned seriously. Indeed, it is a moving source t hat can be developed
t hrough educat ion, t raining or seminar. Bryson in Lasa (2005) indicat ed t hat
improvement of personnel meant t o increase t he qualit y of t heir w orks. It
means w hen t he librarian have qualit y, it s library is aut omat ically w ill progress
an d develop as w ell. Purw ono (2006) backed up t he st at ement above by
assuming t hat t he qualit y of a job w ill be good w hen it is handled by people
w hom capable on it .
7
The cont rolling process in managing library is also import ant as w ell as
development of t he st aff. It is demanded t o keep library grow ing ont o t he
higher level. From t his case w e can see t hat t he school principal is concern
about t he school library. By spending some t ime t here, it w ill mot ivat e t he
library st aff t o do bet t er, moreover t hey subject t o t he school principal. When
t here is no cont rol from t he t op, t he grow ing of library w ill be not effect ive or
even miss leading. Furt her, cont rolling process w ill be beneficial t o creat e an
open condit ion w here bot h st aff an d leader t rust each ot her. That is why
school library needs t o be cont rol t o achieve t he goal t hat st at ed.
2. Library Collect ion
The other thing that is vital in a library is it s collect ions. By having good
collect ion it w ill mot ivat e and at t ract t he user (st udent s, t eacher and st aff) t o
come t o t he library. That is w hy library mat erial –collect ion should be w ell
managed t o be ut ilized maximally. There are around 3500 collect ions
consist ed of t ext-book, fict ion, non -fict ion, journals, magazines, new spaper
and many more. They are classified by using Dew ey Decimal Classificat ion
(DDC) syst em. Before t he mat erial is ready t o be served t o t he user, t here are
several process t hat t aken:
Purchase
Procurement
Donation
Inventory
Classifying
Processing
Cataloging
M ain Activities
Shelving
Circulation
Figure I
The model of organizing library collect ions
8
From t he pict ure above, it can be seen t hat before books are ready t o be
served, t here are several st eps should be t aken. Procurement and processing
are t he main act ivit ies t hat conduct ed by t he library st aff in Bat ik I Senior High
School. M ost of budget t hat used t o purchase t he book is allocat ed from
operat ional school budget . There are several w ays t hat has been done such as
ordering book from publisher, donat ion w het her from government or nongovernment aid and somet imes bart er syst em bet w een libraries.
The book t hat procured is preceded by checking w hen t hey bought at
t he first t ime. When it s’ cont ain is fit due t o t he needs of t he st udent , t hen
t he next process is labeling and st amping w hich are part of invent ory. Aft er
invent ory process is done t he books are classified and cat aloged based on it s
t ypes. It has been easier for library st aff in Bat ik I Library because t hey have
applied digit al cat alog. The t it le, aut hor and call number are w rit t en easily in
t he comput er syst em. Thus, w hen t he st udent s have t he problem in finding
t he books t hey need, t hey can access digit al cat alog t hen t he informat ion
w here t he book is w ill appear on t he screen.
The next st ep is shelving w here varied books are locat ed based on t ypes
or subject . It is for sure t hat library must provide more t han one bookshelf.
Each bookshelf cont ains a t ype of book.
3. Service in Bat ik I Library
In order t o empow er library mat erials t hat managed, library needs t o be
effect ive and efficient t o get maximum result . Some effort s t hat can be done
are by providing some services. Library service basically is about giving
informat ion t hat needed by t he user. Through services, user w ill gain
informat ion maximally.
There are several services t hat available in Bat ik I Senior High School;
Circulat ion service (loaning and ret urning), Reference service and Int ernet
service. Circulat ion service is t he front side of a library. By providing it ,
9
st udent s w ill ut ilize t he sou rce of informat ion opt imally. It is also as t he
follow-up of procurement and processing library mat erial.
In circulat ion service, Bat ik I library apply mixed access Opened syst em
and Semi -Closed syst em. Opened syst em is applied in loaning service. It
me ans t he st udent s or user has freedom t o locat e t he book t hey w ant . The
officer act s as supervisor only because t he user is considered to be able t o
serves t hemselves. M eanw hile for semi-closed syst em is applied in ret urning
process w here t he user ret urns t he books t hey have loaned t o t he officer
direct ly and he or she w ill replace t he book based on it s classificat ion.
The rule in circulat ion is different in every library. In Bat ik I library,
st udent s are allow ed t o loan t hree books w it hin one w eek and t hey are able
t o ext end for anot her t hree days. M eanw hile for t he t eachers, t hey are
allow ed t o advance t he book for a mont h w it hout ext ension. When t he
st udent s are lat e in ret urning t he book t hey w ill have charge for about
Rp.500/ book.
M eanw hile in ret urning process, Bat ik I Library uses semi -closed system
w hich t olerat e t he st udent s t o ret urn and show t he book ont o circulat ion desk
t o be checked by t he officer whet her broken or not . In t his case st udent s are
asked t o show t heir member card because it is t he main key t o access t he
library. It is good point t o see t he rat e discipline of t he user. When t hey bring
t he card w it h t hem , it m eans t hey are obeying t he rules t hat applied.
The circulat ion service is given by library st aff t o facilit at e and help t he
user in doing several act ivit ies in t he library. It is suit able w it h Law ’s research
(2011) ent it led “ Library: Circulat ion Services.” This st udy confirms about t he
main funct ion of library circulat ion service t hat is t o give service and
assist ance t o all users.
Beside t he circulat ion service, Bat ik I library has also reference services.
The library st aff gives a good service t o t he users. The reference books in Bat ik
10
I library are varied. They are w ell-arranged in t he bookshelves. Books are
placed based on it s t ype such as social, science and ot hers.
Services t hat provided in Bat ik I Library are designed t o solve t he
problem w hich exist ed, in t his t erm t o help t he st udent s in finding informat ion
t hat needed. One of t he breakt hroughs t hat made by Bat ik I library is by using
digit al cat alog. It w orks t o make st udent s easier in locat ing t he book. It is
comput erized syst em t hat applied and connect ed t o t he dat abase. St udent s
just need t o w rit e t he key w ord w het her t he t it le or t he aut hor of t he book,
t hus t he result w ill appear on t he screen aut omat ically.
Aut omat ion syst em is believed can lead t he library t o bet t er posit ion. In
t his modern era w hich speed of informat ion is spreading fast er t han before
makes t he library t o meet s t he st udent s need effect ively, because if a library
can’t provide it , t he library w ill be less w orking and slow ly grow ing. A st udy
conduct ed by Chris G. St evenson ent it led Impact of Aut omat ion on Library
Building Design (2010) shows t hat aut omat ion syst em in library helps t he
clerical and library st aff t o do t heir job maximally. It was qualit at ive research
t hat focused on t he difference bet w een Hybrid and Digit al Library.
Int ernet service is also available in Bat ik I Senior High School of
Surakart a. In order t o guide t he st udent s t o t he t echnology and informat ion
era, int ernet is t he main access t hat can be used. Thus t he st udent s w ill know
w hat is happening in t he ot her sides of t he w orld. It can be used as
inform at ion sources as w ell, because t he informat ion is spreading fast er
t hrough t he int ernet . Furt hermore, t he st udent s can find t he document or
informat ion about cert ain object t hat has been w rit t en or published.
4. Room Design in Bat ik I Library
Library room is import ant for t he operat ional of library. Library building
needs t o concern several fact ors of library act ivit ies. Beside rooms and library
design, library needs t o provide some equipment s and propert y as w ell t hat
complet ing t he funct ion of library. Baf adal (150:2009) indicat ed t hat t he
11
complet e facilit ies t hat available in a library t he easier process t o be
support ed. It can be seen t hat special space is demanded t o creat e an
effect ive and efficient circumst ances in a library.
Library room in Bat ik I Library is part of t he school building and locat ed
on t he second st ories. It used t o be classroom but it s funct ion has changed
int o t he cent er of informat ion. How ever, t he locat ion of t he library w here it is
surrounded by ot her classrooms makes it less conducive because t he noise
from class can’t be avoided.
Library room is divided int o t hree areas –circulat ion, administ rat ion and
reading room. First is circulat ion area w here t he user can locat e t he book and
ot her informat ion source t hat needed. This area included t ext book ridge,
references, magazine, dict ionary and ot hers. Second area is reading room. It is
divided int o t hree sides –cat alog side, personal reading spot w here privat e
chair and discussion can be found and used w it hout noisy and t he last one is
facilit y spot w here more t han 8 unit of comput er w it h int ernet access are
available.
M eanwhile t he administ rat ion area is in front side of t he room where
t he desk of coordinat or and administ rat ion st aff can be found. This is t he vit al
area because it is t he main access t o ent er t he library. Before t he user comes,
t hey have t o pass t he scanning machine first t o use t he library by show ing
library member card. In ot her side, reading room is a room w hich is used by
user t o read book. In t he room has been provided t he sect ional t ables and
privat e t able. St udent s are asked not t o make noises because it can be
dist urbing ot her st udent s. To facilit at e t he st udent s about t he need of t he
book, library provide an engine search in t he front side of reading room, it is
equipped by comput er as t he digit al cat alog and int ernet connect ion as w ell.
The facilit ies added in Bat ik I Library –Comput er, LCD, Int ernet –
act ualize t hat int ernal school has at t ent ion of library t o w ork maximally. They
realize library w ill w ork effect ively w hen it is managed and assist ed by good
12
facilit ies. The benefit from library w hich opt imally support ed w ill be: a) library
can be a spot where st udent s love t o read. b) library can give st udent s’
learning experience c) library can provide st udent s’ self-st udy d) library can
quickening t he reading t echnique of st udent s and e) library can help t he
st udent s in complet ing t heir t asks by ut ilizing it s mat erials.
M odel Offered
Aft er describing and observing t he library management at Bat ik I Senior
High School and aft er st udying t he model of library management from previous
researches, researcher offers a model t o refine t he performance of library
component s as show n in diagram below :
School Principal
Library Coordinat or
Technical St aff
Circulation Service
Administ rat ion
Reading Service
Procurement
Processing
M aterials
Figure 2
The model of library management
From t he diagram above, it can be explained t hat t he human resources in
library are under school principal responsibilit y. They are t oget her as one in
13
coordinat ion line t o develop and t o organize t he library mat erials t o be ut ilized
by t he users. Three of t hem are t aking dut ies such as procuring and processing
library mat erials t hrough t he services t hat available.
Conclusion
M anaging a school library is not easy process t o do. All aspect s should be
int egrat ed t o a syst em t o achieve purposes has st at ed. Four main aspect s on
library called –human resource, collect ion, service and room are t aking
import ant role t o assist t he school especially user in exploring t he know ledge
t hat needed.
The qualificat ion of library is demanded t o operat e a library t o be w ell.
Thus t hey are able t o manage t he collect ion s t hat procured and empow er t hem
t hrough services. M eanw hile t he presence of library room w ill be more effect ive
w hen it is arranged based on user’s comfort , because a library w ill be not hing
w it hout t he exist ence of it.
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Darmono. 2007. M enjadi Pint ar: Perpust akaan Sekolah Sebagai Sumber Belajar
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15
OF SURAKARTA
M AN USCRIPT PU BLICATION
Submit t ed t o Educat ional M anagement Program
as a part ial of Requirement s t o Gain a M ast er Degree
in Educat ional M anagement
By
IRFAN FAJRUL FALAH
Q100110032
EDUCATIONAL M ANAGEM ENT PROGRAM
GRADUATE PROGRAM
M UHAM M ADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2013
2
LIBRARY M ANAGEM ENT
AT BATIK I SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL OF SURAKARTA
Irfan Fajrul Falah
1,
By:
, Sutama and Dew i Chandraningrum 3
2
Graduat e Program Universit y M uhammadiyah of Surakart a
E-mail: Bit oniac@yahoo.com , Sut ama@yahoo.com and
dew iahmad@yahoo.com.au
Abstract
The object ives of t his research are t o describe (1) human resources
m anagem ent; (2) the management of library collect ions; (3) the management of
library services; (4) Room design at Bat ik I Senior High School Library of
Surakart a. This is a qualit at ive research using et hnography design. The main
subject of t his st udy involves library st aff , p rincipal, t eachers and st udent s. The
result of t his research includes (1) Human Resource at Bat ik I Senior High School
Library of Surakart a is consist ed of t hree persons –library coordinat or,
adm inist rat ion and t echnical st aff . (2) The management of collect ions at Bat ik I
Library includes t w o main act ivit ies namely procurement and processing library
mat erials. (3) The Services available at Bat ik I Senior High School Library are
circulat ion, reference and int ernet service. (4) The room design at Bat ik I Senior
High School Library of Suraka rt a consider t he user’s comfort . It is divided int o
t hree part s, administ rat ion, collect ions and reading room .
Keywords: collect ion, human resource, room design, service
Background
Bat ik I Senior High School of Surakart a is locat ed in Surakart a, Cent ral Java.
It is considered as one of t he best senior high schools in Surakart a.
Geographically it is surrounded by several educat ional inst it ut ions such as Bat ik I
Junior
High
School,
Bat ik
Vocat ional
School,
Academy
of
M edical
of
M uhammadiyah and Primary Educat ion of Sebelas M aret Universit y.
Based on t he early st udy t hat conduct ed by t he researcher, it has
approximat ely 610 st udent s w hose t aught by more t han 30 teachers with
different subject s. It can be seen t hat t he proport ion bet w een st udent s and
3
t eacher is imbalance. Thus bot h t eacher and st udent should be smart in fulfilling
t heir needs of know ledge. It is not only support ed by t eacher w ho has
compet ency but it is support ed by good facilit ies as well. One of t he facilit ies t hat
available in Bat ik I Senior High School is library, w here t he st udent s may ut ilize it
in sat isfying or even developing t heir know ledge t hrough self discovery in library
as t he support ing media in t eaching learning process t o achieve t he goals in
educat ion t hat proposed.
School library is an essent ial component t hat cannot be separat ed from
school. As one of media in educat ion, school library t akes a vit al posit ion in
support ing facili t y t hat helps bot h t eacher and st udent s t o develop t heir
know ledge. Indeed, it is not only a part of building in a school but also it is a
place t hat provides so much useful informat ion in learning process.
Library has become an int egrat ed syst em t o support learning act ivit y. It
means t he operat ional of a library should be in accordance w it h t he vision and
mission of a school by facilit at ing relevant and act ual informat ion for t he user.
The Int ernat ional Federat ion of Library Associat ions and Inst it ut ions (IFLA)
recognize t his fact and assert t hat libraries are indispensable t o t he funct ioning
of inst it ut ion and t he achievement of t heir academic missions. Accordingly a
library exist s t o assist t he academic, researcher, or st udent in t he process of selfdiscovery, adopt ion of high ideals life, t he improvement of scholast ic efficiency
t hrough self-st udy and t he development of capacit y for crit ical t hinking.
The presence of library in an inst it ut ion has and w ill alw ays play significant
roles. It is needed for re search, t eaching and learning as well. It gives t eacher and
st udent s as w ell some opport unit ies t o broaden and deepen t heir know ledge by
reading books. Library provides several mat erials t hat might be useful in
increasing t eaching learning qualit y. By t he presence of library, it gives a hope t o
enlarge st udent s reading habit . Thus, a library as a source of informat ion in a
school should be w ell organized professionally in order t o achieve t he goals t hat
proposed.
4
How ever, t he realit y on library especially in Indonesia is st ill far aw ay from
being good. There are several fact ors w hich causing it w het her from int ernal or
even ext ernal of t he school t hat appear in managing library such as t he qualit y of
library human resource which is st ill poor, t he incomplet e ness library collect ion,
unsat isfied
services and
also
t he room
design
t hat
unst ruct ured
and
uncomfort able. These are considered as t he problems t hat diminish t he
st udent s’ int erest in ut ilizing t he library.
The Research M et hod
This is a qualit at ive research using et hnography design. The main subject of
t his st udy involves library st aff (coordinat or, administ rat ion and t echnical st aff),
principal, t eachers and st udent s. Dat a collect ion t echnique uses in -dept h
int erview , observat ion and document at ion. Dat a analysis is st art ed from (1) dat a
collect ion; (2) dat a reduct ion; (3) dat a display and (4) draw ing conclusion. The
result of t his st udy will be present ed as it is, based on t he fact gat hered from t he
field about t he library m anagem ent.
Result of the research
1. Human Resource in Bat ik I Library
Human resource in a library is a group of person w ho w ork t o organize
of all aspect in a library. It is not merely t o manage t he collect ion but t he
administ rat ion as w ell. Bafadal (2009) st at ed t hat human resource is a vital
component in operat ing a library. That is w hy t he person or coordinat or of a
library should be qualified and having skills in order t o empow er all pot ent ial
aspect s in t he library. Human resource in Bat ik I library is consist ed of t hree
persons; A coordinat or, an administ rat ion st aff and t echnical st aff. They w ork
under t he principal as t op leader. Furt her he st at ed t hat in a school library
t here must be one person or more t hat appoint ed by headmast er t o organize
the library as library coordinat or.
Based on t he st udy conduct ed by t he researcher in Bat ik I library, t he
researcher found t hat t he mechanism of hiring a librarian is based on t he
5
select ion. It means, Bat ik I Senior High School want it s library being managed
by a person w ho minimally has know ledge t o direct t he library. Act ually it is a
good movement , because it is rarely found t hat a library is being direct ed by a
person w ho has a background about library. When w e hire a person w ho has
capabilit y at , t here are several advant ages: first is t he w ay he leads w ill be fit ,
because he know s w hat program act ually t o be doing and it w ill make t he
program effect ive. Second is he knows exact ly t he condit ion of a library, t hus
he can fix t he element ary problem before go furt her.
Somet hing t o be concerned here, Siregar (2006) st at ed t hat librarian is
not a person w ho has capabilit y in managerial only, but it is more t han t hat ,
he has t o promot e t he science and know ledge as w ell. We can see how
import ant t he role of a librarian in conduct ing t he library. If t he library is
direct ed by a person who has no capabilit y, t he funct ion of it will be less
effect ive. That ’s w hy a school library needs t o find someone w hom good at it .
It could be by open recruit ment or even select ion process. When a library is
managed by unmot ivat ed person, it w ill be left t hen by t he user. That ’s w hy
ideally a library needs it s human resource which has high mot ivat ion in
operat ing t heir professions and it can’t be separat ed from t heir charact ers
and also t heir educat ion backgroun ds.
Based on a st udy conduct ed by M c Addo ent it led Building Bridges:
Connect ing st udent s, facult y and t he college library (2010) show s t hat t here
must be t w o skills w hich import ant t o be ow ned by librarian in modern era –
Adapt at ion and Learn quickly. Those abilit ies are essent ial t o meet t he
requirement in t his global era w here informat ion and t echnology are grow ing
rapidly. That is w hy ideally a librarian is not a person w ho has not educat ion
background from library, document at ion and informat ion because t he person
w ho has right compet encies w ill perform bet t er.
M eanw hile, for support ing st aff Bat ik I library hire 2 persons t o assist
t he
administ rat or
in
operat ional
6
such
as
circulat ion
service
and
administ rat ions. The w orkload in a Bat ik I library is not easy t hat is w hy t he
administ rat or needs ot her supports t o maximize t he funct ion of library t o
w ork w ell.
Bot h administ rat or and support ing st affs in Bat ik I Library are subject t o
t he school principal, because t he principal appoint ed t hem in t erm t o manage
library t o be w ell as t he main source of informat ion in a school. Besides t hat ,
t here are several act ivit ies t hat should do by bot h administ rat or and
support ing st aff like maint aining t he collect ion, designing t he room and
replace t he book w hen it is ret urned.
To develop t he qualit y of it s employees in Bat ik I library, t he principal
always support t hem t o join seminar, workshop, and visit ing ot hers library in
order t o innovat e t he w ork it s library. The seminar, w orkshop and visit at ion
are import ant t o develop t he library st aff’s capabilit y in managing library. By
joining t he conference, t hey w ill have some new know ledge t hat t hey may
apply in operat ing library. Prast ow o (2012) st at ed t hat t he development of
library st aff w ill be beneficial for bot h st aff/ administ rat or and it s library. For
t he administ rat or/ st aff it is needed t o digging in t heir pot ent ial t alent s inside
and implement s t hem int o t he real w ork in library. It is in line w it h Purw ono
(2006) w ho st at ed formal and informal educat ion is essent ial for people in
specialized field.
That is w hy t he improvement of library human resource needs t o be
concerned seriously. Indeed, it is a moving source t hat can be developed
t hrough educat ion, t raining or seminar. Bryson in Lasa (2005) indicat ed t hat
improvement of personnel meant t o increase t he qualit y of t heir w orks. It
means w hen t he librarian have qualit y, it s library is aut omat ically w ill progress
an d develop as w ell. Purw ono (2006) backed up t he st at ement above by
assuming t hat t he qualit y of a job w ill be good w hen it is handled by people
w hom capable on it .
7
The cont rolling process in managing library is also import ant as w ell as
development of t he st aff. It is demanded t o keep library grow ing ont o t he
higher level. From t his case w e can see t hat t he school principal is concern
about t he school library. By spending some t ime t here, it w ill mot ivat e t he
library st aff t o do bet t er, moreover t hey subject t o t he school principal. When
t here is no cont rol from t he t op, t he grow ing of library w ill be not effect ive or
even miss leading. Furt her, cont rolling process w ill be beneficial t o creat e an
open condit ion w here bot h st aff an d leader t rust each ot her. That is why
school library needs t o be cont rol t o achieve t he goal t hat st at ed.
2. Library Collect ion
The other thing that is vital in a library is it s collect ions. By having good
collect ion it w ill mot ivat e and at t ract t he user (st udent s, t eacher and st aff) t o
come t o t he library. That is w hy library mat erial –collect ion should be w ell
managed t o be ut ilized maximally. There are around 3500 collect ions
consist ed of t ext-book, fict ion, non -fict ion, journals, magazines, new spaper
and many more. They are classified by using Dew ey Decimal Classificat ion
(DDC) syst em. Before t he mat erial is ready t o be served t o t he user, t here are
several process t hat t aken:
Purchase
Procurement
Donation
Inventory
Classifying
Processing
Cataloging
M ain Activities
Shelving
Circulation
Figure I
The model of organizing library collect ions
8
From t he pict ure above, it can be seen t hat before books are ready t o be
served, t here are several st eps should be t aken. Procurement and processing
are t he main act ivit ies t hat conduct ed by t he library st aff in Bat ik I Senior High
School. M ost of budget t hat used t o purchase t he book is allocat ed from
operat ional school budget . There are several w ays t hat has been done such as
ordering book from publisher, donat ion w het her from government or nongovernment aid and somet imes bart er syst em bet w een libraries.
The book t hat procured is preceded by checking w hen t hey bought at
t he first t ime. When it s’ cont ain is fit due t o t he needs of t he st udent , t hen
t he next process is labeling and st amping w hich are part of invent ory. Aft er
invent ory process is done t he books are classified and cat aloged based on it s
t ypes. It has been easier for library st aff in Bat ik I Library because t hey have
applied digit al cat alog. The t it le, aut hor and call number are w rit t en easily in
t he comput er syst em. Thus, w hen t he st udent s have t he problem in finding
t he books t hey need, t hey can access digit al cat alog t hen t he informat ion
w here t he book is w ill appear on t he screen.
The next st ep is shelving w here varied books are locat ed based on t ypes
or subject . It is for sure t hat library must provide more t han one bookshelf.
Each bookshelf cont ains a t ype of book.
3. Service in Bat ik I Library
In order t o empow er library mat erials t hat managed, library needs t o be
effect ive and efficient t o get maximum result . Some effort s t hat can be done
are by providing some services. Library service basically is about giving
informat ion t hat needed by t he user. Through services, user w ill gain
informat ion maximally.
There are several services t hat available in Bat ik I Senior High School;
Circulat ion service (loaning and ret urning), Reference service and Int ernet
service. Circulat ion service is t he front side of a library. By providing it ,
9
st udent s w ill ut ilize t he sou rce of informat ion opt imally. It is also as t he
follow-up of procurement and processing library mat erial.
In circulat ion service, Bat ik I library apply mixed access Opened syst em
and Semi -Closed syst em. Opened syst em is applied in loaning service. It
me ans t he st udent s or user has freedom t o locat e t he book t hey w ant . The
officer act s as supervisor only because t he user is considered to be able t o
serves t hemselves. M eanw hile for semi-closed syst em is applied in ret urning
process w here t he user ret urns t he books t hey have loaned t o t he officer
direct ly and he or she w ill replace t he book based on it s classificat ion.
The rule in circulat ion is different in every library. In Bat ik I library,
st udent s are allow ed t o loan t hree books w it hin one w eek and t hey are able
t o ext end for anot her t hree days. M eanw hile for t he t eachers, t hey are
allow ed t o advance t he book for a mont h w it hout ext ension. When t he
st udent s are lat e in ret urning t he book t hey w ill have charge for about
Rp.500/ book.
M eanw hile in ret urning process, Bat ik I Library uses semi -closed system
w hich t olerat e t he st udent s t o ret urn and show t he book ont o circulat ion desk
t o be checked by t he officer whet her broken or not . In t his case st udent s are
asked t o show t heir member card because it is t he main key t o access t he
library. It is good point t o see t he rat e discipline of t he user. When t hey bring
t he card w it h t hem , it m eans t hey are obeying t he rules t hat applied.
The circulat ion service is given by library st aff t o facilit at e and help t he
user in doing several act ivit ies in t he library. It is suit able w it h Law ’s research
(2011) ent it led “ Library: Circulat ion Services.” This st udy confirms about t he
main funct ion of library circulat ion service t hat is t o give service and
assist ance t o all users.
Beside t he circulat ion service, Bat ik I library has also reference services.
The library st aff gives a good service t o t he users. The reference books in Bat ik
10
I library are varied. They are w ell-arranged in t he bookshelves. Books are
placed based on it s t ype such as social, science and ot hers.
Services t hat provided in Bat ik I Library are designed t o solve t he
problem w hich exist ed, in t his t erm t o help t he st udent s in finding informat ion
t hat needed. One of t he breakt hroughs t hat made by Bat ik I library is by using
digit al cat alog. It w orks t o make st udent s easier in locat ing t he book. It is
comput erized syst em t hat applied and connect ed t o t he dat abase. St udent s
just need t o w rit e t he key w ord w het her t he t it le or t he aut hor of t he book,
t hus t he result w ill appear on t he screen aut omat ically.
Aut omat ion syst em is believed can lead t he library t o bet t er posit ion. In
t his modern era w hich speed of informat ion is spreading fast er t han before
makes t he library t o meet s t he st udent s need effect ively, because if a library
can’t provide it , t he library w ill be less w orking and slow ly grow ing. A st udy
conduct ed by Chris G. St evenson ent it led Impact of Aut omat ion on Library
Building Design (2010) shows t hat aut omat ion syst em in library helps t he
clerical and library st aff t o do t heir job maximally. It was qualit at ive research
t hat focused on t he difference bet w een Hybrid and Digit al Library.
Int ernet service is also available in Bat ik I Senior High School of
Surakart a. In order t o guide t he st udent s t o t he t echnology and informat ion
era, int ernet is t he main access t hat can be used. Thus t he st udent s w ill know
w hat is happening in t he ot her sides of t he w orld. It can be used as
inform at ion sources as w ell, because t he informat ion is spreading fast er
t hrough t he int ernet . Furt hermore, t he st udent s can find t he document or
informat ion about cert ain object t hat has been w rit t en or published.
4. Room Design in Bat ik I Library
Library room is import ant for t he operat ional of library. Library building
needs t o concern several fact ors of library act ivit ies. Beside rooms and library
design, library needs t o provide some equipment s and propert y as w ell t hat
complet ing t he funct ion of library. Baf adal (150:2009) indicat ed t hat t he
11
complet e facilit ies t hat available in a library t he easier process t o be
support ed. It can be seen t hat special space is demanded t o creat e an
effect ive and efficient circumst ances in a library.
Library room in Bat ik I Library is part of t he school building and locat ed
on t he second st ories. It used t o be classroom but it s funct ion has changed
int o t he cent er of informat ion. How ever, t he locat ion of t he library w here it is
surrounded by ot her classrooms makes it less conducive because t he noise
from class can’t be avoided.
Library room is divided int o t hree areas –circulat ion, administ rat ion and
reading room. First is circulat ion area w here t he user can locat e t he book and
ot her informat ion source t hat needed. This area included t ext book ridge,
references, magazine, dict ionary and ot hers. Second area is reading room. It is
divided int o t hree sides –cat alog side, personal reading spot w here privat e
chair and discussion can be found and used w it hout noisy and t he last one is
facilit y spot w here more t han 8 unit of comput er w it h int ernet access are
available.
M eanwhile t he administ rat ion area is in front side of t he room where
t he desk of coordinat or and administ rat ion st aff can be found. This is t he vit al
area because it is t he main access t o ent er t he library. Before t he user comes,
t hey have t o pass t he scanning machine first t o use t he library by show ing
library member card. In ot her side, reading room is a room w hich is used by
user t o read book. In t he room has been provided t he sect ional t ables and
privat e t able. St udent s are asked not t o make noises because it can be
dist urbing ot her st udent s. To facilit at e t he st udent s about t he need of t he
book, library provide an engine search in t he front side of reading room, it is
equipped by comput er as t he digit al cat alog and int ernet connect ion as w ell.
The facilit ies added in Bat ik I Library –Comput er, LCD, Int ernet –
act ualize t hat int ernal school has at t ent ion of library t o w ork maximally. They
realize library w ill w ork effect ively w hen it is managed and assist ed by good
12
facilit ies. The benefit from library w hich opt imally support ed w ill be: a) library
can be a spot where st udent s love t o read. b) library can give st udent s’
learning experience c) library can provide st udent s’ self-st udy d) library can
quickening t he reading t echnique of st udent s and e) library can help t he
st udent s in complet ing t heir t asks by ut ilizing it s mat erials.
M odel Offered
Aft er describing and observing t he library management at Bat ik I Senior
High School and aft er st udying t he model of library management from previous
researches, researcher offers a model t o refine t he performance of library
component s as show n in diagram below :
School Principal
Library Coordinat or
Technical St aff
Circulation Service
Administ rat ion
Reading Service
Procurement
Processing
M aterials
Figure 2
The model of library management
From t he diagram above, it can be explained t hat t he human resources in
library are under school principal responsibilit y. They are t oget her as one in
13
coordinat ion line t o develop and t o organize t he library mat erials t o be ut ilized
by t he users. Three of t hem are t aking dut ies such as procuring and processing
library mat erials t hrough t he services t hat available.
Conclusion
M anaging a school library is not easy process t o do. All aspect s should be
int egrat ed t o a syst em t o achieve purposes has st at ed. Four main aspect s on
library called –human resource, collect ion, service and room are t aking
import ant role t o assist t he school especially user in exploring t he know ledge
t hat needed.
The qualificat ion of library is demanded t o operat e a library t o be w ell.
Thus t hey are able t o manage t he collect ion s t hat procured and empow er t hem
t hrough services. M eanw hile t he presence of library room w ill be more effect ive
w hen it is arranged based on user’s comfort , because a library w ill be not hing
w it hout t he exist ence of it.
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