The Feminism Found In Betty Smith’s Novel A Tree Grows In Brooklyn
THE FEMINISM FOUND IN BETTY SMITH’S NOVEL A TREE GROWS IN
BROOKLYN
A PAPER
WRITTEN
BY
EKA JUNITA P.
REG NO. 122202061
DIPLOMA-III ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM
FACULTY OF CULTURE STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF NORTH SUMATERA
MEDAN
AUGUST 2015
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Approved by
Supervisor,
Dr. Rohani Ganie, M.Hum.
NIP. 19570203198503 2 002
Submitted to Faculty of Culture Study, University of North Sumatera
In partial fulfillment of the requirementsfor Dlipoma-III in English Study Program
Approved by
Head of Diploma-III English Study Program,
Dr. Matius C. A. Sembiring, M. A.
NIP. 195211261981 12 1 001
Approved by the Diploma-III English Study Program
Faculty of Culture Study, University of North Sumatera
As a paper for the Diploma-III Examination
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Accepted by the Board of Examiner in partial of the requirements for the D-III
Examination of the Diploma-III of English Study Program, Faculty of Culture
Study, University of North Sumatera.
The examination is held on
Faculty of Culture Study University of North Sumatera
Dean,
Dr. Syahron Lubis, M. A.
NIP. 19511013197603 1 001
Board of Examiners / Readers
No. Name
1.
Signature
Dr. Matius C. A. Sembiring, M. A. ( Head of ESP )
2. Dra. Rohani Ganie, M.Hum ( Supervisor )
3.
Drs. M. Syafi’i Siregar, M.A. (Reader)
Universitas Sumatera Utara
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I, EKA JUNITA P, declare that I am the sole author of this paper. Except where
reference is made in the text of this paper. This paper contains no material
published elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a paper by which I have
qualified for or awarded another degree.
No other person’s work has been used without due acknowlegment in the main
text of this paper. This paper has not been submitted for the award of another
degree in any tertiary education.
Signed :
Date
: August, 2015
i
Universitas Sumatera Utara
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
Name
:EKA JUNITA P.
Title of Paper
: The Feminism Found in Betty Smith’s Novel A Tree
Grows In Brooklyn
Qualification
Study Program
: D-III/AhliMadya
: English
I am willing that my paper should be available for reproduction at the discretion
of the Libertarian of the Diploma III English Study Program Faculty of Culture
Studies, University Of North Sumatera on the understanding that users are made
aware of their obligation under law of the Republic of Indonesia.
Signed,
Date :August, 2015
ii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
The title of this paper is The Feminism Found in Betty Smith’s novel “A
Tree Grows in Brooklyn.” This paper contains about the oppurtunities of women
to get an education equal to men . It is able to change the view of women mindset.
Through this novel, the author portrays female characters who are not just fighting
for a graduate level education, but it also shows how the efforts of women to
recognize its existence. The issues contained in the novel are, unconducive
environtment for Francie to be developed and poverty condition that make it
difficult to fulfill her desire for studying. Both of issues are the background of this
paper research. This research is aimed to reveal the struggles of Francie in solving
her problems and her existence to pursuit of her dream. The writer uses the theory
of structural and existentialist feminism to determine Francie’s efforts in
achieving her existence. Analysis of this novel can be concluded as a heroism of
Francie, where she is managed to free from her family poverty by the way is
realizing her dream to be graduated person, then she would be able to demonstrate
its existence by becoming a writer. So, it will make her able to be exist and
receive recognition from her family and friends.
Keywords : Woman, Education and Success
iii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRAK
Karya ilmiah ini berjudulTheFeminism Found in Betty Smith’s Novel “ A
Tree Grows in Brooklyn.” Karya ilmiah ini membahas tentang kesempatan
perempuan untuk mendapatkan pendidikan yang sejajar dengan laki-laki untuk
mampu mengubah pandangan atau pola pikir perempuan. Melalui novel ini,
pengarang melukiskan tokoh perempuan yang tidak hanya sekedar berjuang untuk
mendapat pendidikan tingkat sarjana, tetapi juga menunjukkan bagaimana usahausaha tokoh perempuan tersebut supaya eksistensi dirinya diakui. Permasalahan
yang terdapat dalam novel ini adalah, lingkungan yang tidak kondusif bagi
Francie untuk berkembang serta kondisi kemiskinan yang membuat Francie sulit
untuk mewujudkan keinginannya mendapat pendidikan. Kedua hal tersebut
melatarbelakangi penelitian tugas akhir ini. Penelitian tersebut bertujuan
mengungkapkan penyelesaian masalah Francie serta perjuangannya dalam
mencapai eksistensi dirinya untuk mewujudkan impiannya. Penulis menggunakan
teori struktural dan feminisme eksistensialis untuk mengetahui sejauh mana usaha
Francie untuk mencapai eksistensinya. Hasil analisis terhadap novel ini dapat
disimpulkan bahwa Francie berhasil membebaskan dirinya dari kemiskinan yang
dialami keluarganya dengan mewujudkan impiannya yaitu menjadi sarjana,
kemudian ia mampu menunjukkan eksistensinya dengan cara menjadi seorang
penulis. Sehingga hal tersebut membuat dirinya mampu bereksistensi dan
mendapat pengakuan dari keluarga dan teman-temannya.
Kata-kata kunci : Perempuan, Pendidikan dan Keberhasilan
iv
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
My biggest thankful appreciation is certainly to my Almighty God Jesus
Christ for giving me blessings, strength, spirit and everything in everyday that
enables me to prestigous work in life. Without His guideness, I am not really sure
I can finish this paper.
I would like to thank the dean of Faculty of Culture Studyies, Dr.Syahron
Lubis, M.A, the head of Diploma III English Program, Dr. Matius C.A.
Sembiring, M.A, and I also would like to thank all the lecturers in English Study
Program who have shared their excessive knowledge and the contributions during
the academic years. Here I would like to thank Miss Putri for her helping in
administration supports.
I would like to express my sincere gratitude and appreciation to my lovely
patient advisor, Dra. Rohani Ganie, M.Hum who alwasy advises me to finish this
paper. I am indepted thank you for her precious time for helping, correcting,
sharing, supporting and also guiding me until this paper is accomplished.
My great thankful is also dedicated for my beloved parents, Mom,
Rentauli Nababan and Dad, Charles Panggabean. You are my grace, my blessing,
my inspiration. I proudly dedicated this paper for both of you. Thanks for giving
me your admirable love until I finish my study. I also thank you for my brother
Prakasih Panggabean, my young brothers Poltak Panggabean and Fransisco
Panggabean and the last but not least is my little sister Virgin Panggabean. Thank
you for your presence and your perserving love. Thanks to my uncles especially
v
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Uda Toni for so much love, pray and your kindness. I will not forget all of your
sacrifices for me. Your supports have been the most valuable things in my life.
Family is a friend for life forever.
My special appreciation is also for my best friends, Gracia, Januari and
Henny. Many thanks for the time we shared, the time we laughed, the time we
fought, the time we cryied and the time we enjoyed. I also bring my great thank
you for my Onetatias (Kak Myke, Kak Vero, Riska and Erwin). Many thanks for
all the love, pray, patient and the support. Thank you for introduicing me what a
family is. And then, I dedicated my thank you for Kak Michio. Thank you for
taking care of me in all my conditions.
Thanks to all my beloved friends, sisters and brothers in Sutimas ( Yosua,
Agustina, Kak Jenni, Bang Sam, Kak Eva, Erik, Elia, Bang Daud, Yesi, Febri,
Sondang). Our boarding house is our home. Many thanks for time we shared, for
place we laughed and for wishes we prayed. I also bring my thank you for my
beloved buddies Dessica, Verry, Andika and Jeki. You mean something for me.
I would like to say thank you again for my incredible classmates A and B
that I can not write one by one. But special thanks is dedicated for my members
(Vina, Caca, Novi, Frira, Bella, Halima and Janna). Thanks for calling me your
leader. It is a nice and quirky call name. Thank you for this sweet people Putri,
Liana, Ira and Theresia. You are so good to me.
And the last but not least is for my favorite people namely, KMKS. All of
you looks like an alarm for me, thanks for reminding me on my whole day about
this paper. It became a strength for me. I am also dedicated my great appreciation
vi
Universitas Sumatera Utara
to everyone I have crossed paths with but I can not mention you one by one, but
your presence is precious for me.
Honestly thank you is a small and simple word to reply all the things that
you have done for me but here I am dedicated my gratitude and appreciation for
all of you. May God bless us, forever and ever.
Medan, August 2015
Writer,
Eka Junita P
Reg. No. 122202061
vii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
TABLE OF CONTENTS
AUTHOR DECLARATION ...............................................................
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ........................................................
ABSTRACT ..........................................................................................
ABSTRAK ............................................................................................
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS .....................................................................
i
ii
iii
iv
v
viii
1.INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................
1.1 Background of Study .......................................................................
1.2 Problem of Study .............................................................................
1.3 Scope of Study .................................................................................
1.4 Objective of Study ...........................................................................
1.5 Significance of Study .......................................................................
1
1
3
3
4
5
2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE .....................................
2.1 Dinamic Structualism .......................................................................
2.2 Feminism ..........................................................................................
2.3 Existency ..........................................................................................
2.4 Existency Feminism .........................................................................
5
5
13
16
17
3. RESEARCH METHODE.................................................................
3.1 Researsh Methode ............................................................................
3.2 Data and Data Resources .................................................................
3.3 Data Coleccting Methode .................................................................
3.4 Data Analysis Methode ....................................................................
21
21
22
23
24
4. THE DESCRIPTION OF FEMINISM ..........................................
4.1 Social Problems of Francie’s Life ....................................................
4.2 The Struggles of Francie In Facing Social Oppresion ......................
27
27
35
5. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ............................................
5.1 Conclusion ........................................................................................
5.2 Suggestion ........................................................................................
42
42
43
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
viii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
BROOKLYN
A PAPER
WRITTEN
BY
EKA JUNITA P.
REG NO. 122202061
DIPLOMA-III ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM
FACULTY OF CULTURE STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF NORTH SUMATERA
MEDAN
AUGUST 2015
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Approved by
Supervisor,
Dr. Rohani Ganie, M.Hum.
NIP. 19570203198503 2 002
Submitted to Faculty of Culture Study, University of North Sumatera
In partial fulfillment of the requirementsfor Dlipoma-III in English Study Program
Approved by
Head of Diploma-III English Study Program,
Dr. Matius C. A. Sembiring, M. A.
NIP. 195211261981 12 1 001
Approved by the Diploma-III English Study Program
Faculty of Culture Study, University of North Sumatera
As a paper for the Diploma-III Examination
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Accepted by the Board of Examiner in partial of the requirements for the D-III
Examination of the Diploma-III of English Study Program, Faculty of Culture
Study, University of North Sumatera.
The examination is held on
Faculty of Culture Study University of North Sumatera
Dean,
Dr. Syahron Lubis, M. A.
NIP. 19511013197603 1 001
Board of Examiners / Readers
No. Name
1.
Signature
Dr. Matius C. A. Sembiring, M. A. ( Head of ESP )
2. Dra. Rohani Ganie, M.Hum ( Supervisor )
3.
Drs. M. Syafi’i Siregar, M.A. (Reader)
Universitas Sumatera Utara
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I, EKA JUNITA P, declare that I am the sole author of this paper. Except where
reference is made in the text of this paper. This paper contains no material
published elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a paper by which I have
qualified for or awarded another degree.
No other person’s work has been used without due acknowlegment in the main
text of this paper. This paper has not been submitted for the award of another
degree in any tertiary education.
Signed :
Date
: August, 2015
i
Universitas Sumatera Utara
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
Name
:EKA JUNITA P.
Title of Paper
: The Feminism Found in Betty Smith’s Novel A Tree
Grows In Brooklyn
Qualification
Study Program
: D-III/AhliMadya
: English
I am willing that my paper should be available for reproduction at the discretion
of the Libertarian of the Diploma III English Study Program Faculty of Culture
Studies, University Of North Sumatera on the understanding that users are made
aware of their obligation under law of the Republic of Indonesia.
Signed,
Date :August, 2015
ii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
The title of this paper is The Feminism Found in Betty Smith’s novel “A
Tree Grows in Brooklyn.” This paper contains about the oppurtunities of women
to get an education equal to men . It is able to change the view of women mindset.
Through this novel, the author portrays female characters who are not just fighting
for a graduate level education, but it also shows how the efforts of women to
recognize its existence. The issues contained in the novel are, unconducive
environtment for Francie to be developed and poverty condition that make it
difficult to fulfill her desire for studying. Both of issues are the background of this
paper research. This research is aimed to reveal the struggles of Francie in solving
her problems and her existence to pursuit of her dream. The writer uses the theory
of structural and existentialist feminism to determine Francie’s efforts in
achieving her existence. Analysis of this novel can be concluded as a heroism of
Francie, where she is managed to free from her family poverty by the way is
realizing her dream to be graduated person, then she would be able to demonstrate
its existence by becoming a writer. So, it will make her able to be exist and
receive recognition from her family and friends.
Keywords : Woman, Education and Success
iii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRAK
Karya ilmiah ini berjudulTheFeminism Found in Betty Smith’s Novel “ A
Tree Grows in Brooklyn.” Karya ilmiah ini membahas tentang kesempatan
perempuan untuk mendapatkan pendidikan yang sejajar dengan laki-laki untuk
mampu mengubah pandangan atau pola pikir perempuan. Melalui novel ini,
pengarang melukiskan tokoh perempuan yang tidak hanya sekedar berjuang untuk
mendapat pendidikan tingkat sarjana, tetapi juga menunjukkan bagaimana usahausaha tokoh perempuan tersebut supaya eksistensi dirinya diakui. Permasalahan
yang terdapat dalam novel ini adalah, lingkungan yang tidak kondusif bagi
Francie untuk berkembang serta kondisi kemiskinan yang membuat Francie sulit
untuk mewujudkan keinginannya mendapat pendidikan. Kedua hal tersebut
melatarbelakangi penelitian tugas akhir ini. Penelitian tersebut bertujuan
mengungkapkan penyelesaian masalah Francie serta perjuangannya dalam
mencapai eksistensi dirinya untuk mewujudkan impiannya. Penulis menggunakan
teori struktural dan feminisme eksistensialis untuk mengetahui sejauh mana usaha
Francie untuk mencapai eksistensinya. Hasil analisis terhadap novel ini dapat
disimpulkan bahwa Francie berhasil membebaskan dirinya dari kemiskinan yang
dialami keluarganya dengan mewujudkan impiannya yaitu menjadi sarjana,
kemudian ia mampu menunjukkan eksistensinya dengan cara menjadi seorang
penulis. Sehingga hal tersebut membuat dirinya mampu bereksistensi dan
mendapat pengakuan dari keluarga dan teman-temannya.
Kata-kata kunci : Perempuan, Pendidikan dan Keberhasilan
iv
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
My biggest thankful appreciation is certainly to my Almighty God Jesus
Christ for giving me blessings, strength, spirit and everything in everyday that
enables me to prestigous work in life. Without His guideness, I am not really sure
I can finish this paper.
I would like to thank the dean of Faculty of Culture Studyies, Dr.Syahron
Lubis, M.A, the head of Diploma III English Program, Dr. Matius C.A.
Sembiring, M.A, and I also would like to thank all the lecturers in English Study
Program who have shared their excessive knowledge and the contributions during
the academic years. Here I would like to thank Miss Putri for her helping in
administration supports.
I would like to express my sincere gratitude and appreciation to my lovely
patient advisor, Dra. Rohani Ganie, M.Hum who alwasy advises me to finish this
paper. I am indepted thank you for her precious time for helping, correcting,
sharing, supporting and also guiding me until this paper is accomplished.
My great thankful is also dedicated for my beloved parents, Mom,
Rentauli Nababan and Dad, Charles Panggabean. You are my grace, my blessing,
my inspiration. I proudly dedicated this paper for both of you. Thanks for giving
me your admirable love until I finish my study. I also thank you for my brother
Prakasih Panggabean, my young brothers Poltak Panggabean and Fransisco
Panggabean and the last but not least is my little sister Virgin Panggabean. Thank
you for your presence and your perserving love. Thanks to my uncles especially
v
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Uda Toni for so much love, pray and your kindness. I will not forget all of your
sacrifices for me. Your supports have been the most valuable things in my life.
Family is a friend for life forever.
My special appreciation is also for my best friends, Gracia, Januari and
Henny. Many thanks for the time we shared, the time we laughed, the time we
fought, the time we cryied and the time we enjoyed. I also bring my great thank
you for my Onetatias (Kak Myke, Kak Vero, Riska and Erwin). Many thanks for
all the love, pray, patient and the support. Thank you for introduicing me what a
family is. And then, I dedicated my thank you for Kak Michio. Thank you for
taking care of me in all my conditions.
Thanks to all my beloved friends, sisters and brothers in Sutimas ( Yosua,
Agustina, Kak Jenni, Bang Sam, Kak Eva, Erik, Elia, Bang Daud, Yesi, Febri,
Sondang). Our boarding house is our home. Many thanks for time we shared, for
place we laughed and for wishes we prayed. I also bring my thank you for my
beloved buddies Dessica, Verry, Andika and Jeki. You mean something for me.
I would like to say thank you again for my incredible classmates A and B
that I can not write one by one. But special thanks is dedicated for my members
(Vina, Caca, Novi, Frira, Bella, Halima and Janna). Thanks for calling me your
leader. It is a nice and quirky call name. Thank you for this sweet people Putri,
Liana, Ira and Theresia. You are so good to me.
And the last but not least is for my favorite people namely, KMKS. All of
you looks like an alarm for me, thanks for reminding me on my whole day about
this paper. It became a strength for me. I am also dedicated my great appreciation
vi
Universitas Sumatera Utara
to everyone I have crossed paths with but I can not mention you one by one, but
your presence is precious for me.
Honestly thank you is a small and simple word to reply all the things that
you have done for me but here I am dedicated my gratitude and appreciation for
all of you. May God bless us, forever and ever.
Medan, August 2015
Writer,
Eka Junita P
Reg. No. 122202061
vii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
TABLE OF CONTENTS
AUTHOR DECLARATION ...............................................................
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ........................................................
ABSTRACT ..........................................................................................
ABSTRAK ............................................................................................
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS .....................................................................
i
ii
iii
iv
v
viii
1.INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................
1.1 Background of Study .......................................................................
1.2 Problem of Study .............................................................................
1.3 Scope of Study .................................................................................
1.4 Objective of Study ...........................................................................
1.5 Significance of Study .......................................................................
1
1
3
3
4
5
2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE .....................................
2.1 Dinamic Structualism .......................................................................
2.2 Feminism ..........................................................................................
2.3 Existency ..........................................................................................
2.4 Existency Feminism .........................................................................
5
5
13
16
17
3. RESEARCH METHODE.................................................................
3.1 Researsh Methode ............................................................................
3.2 Data and Data Resources .................................................................
3.3 Data Coleccting Methode .................................................................
3.4 Data Analysis Methode ....................................................................
21
21
22
23
24
4. THE DESCRIPTION OF FEMINISM ..........................................
4.1 Social Problems of Francie’s Life ....................................................
4.2 The Struggles of Francie In Facing Social Oppresion ......................
27
27
35
5. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ............................................
5.1 Conclusion ........................................................................................
5.2 Suggestion ........................................................................................
42
42
43
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
viii
Universitas Sumatera Utara