POPULAR REACTIONS TO OVERDEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN BALI.
POPULAR REACTIONS TO OVERDEVELOPMENT
OF TOURISM IN BALI
Darma Putra, Udayana University
darmaputra@unud.ac.id
Bali in Indonesia
Bali Sold Out
Introduction
1. Bali tourism as resilient to two terrorist attacks, in 2002 and 2005
2. In 2012, the 'Cultural Landscape of Bali' enlisted by UNESCO as
World Heritage
3. In 2014, 10 million tourists visited the island: 3,7 international, 6,3
domestic
4. The number of visitors is almost 3,5 times the island's total
population
5. Tourism has been used as scapegoat of the island's
overdevelopment
6. How do Balinese react to overdevelopment caused by tourism?
The Indonesian Government's Tourism Policy
1. Some breakthroughs in tourism-related policies by the Jokowi
government
2. Government set target of receiving 20 million visitors by 2019
3. Radical change in visa policy: free visas for 176 countries
4. Increase in promotion funding: Rp 300 M (2014), Rp 1,2 T (2015), Rp 3 T
(2016)
5. Aggressive promotion through BAS strategy: branding, advertising,
selling
6. Advertising “tu i g ‘aja Ampat or E cha ti g Bali in public
transport facilities in Singapore and London
Recent Development of Tourism in Bali
1. Central Government targeted Bali to receive 10 million foreign
visitors by 2019.
2. Estimated that with the same number of domestic tourists, Bali will
receive 20 million tourists.
3. Over- and unbalanced development of tourism in Bali.
4. Tourism concentrated in the South, resulting in overcrowding and
traffic congestion.
5. Massive appropriation of land to build tourism related property, a
threat to agricultural land and the UNESCO protected 'Cultural
Landscape of Bali .
Tourism facilities concentrate in the South
Badung, Denpasar, Gianyar
Hotel
Hotel room
Restaurant
Number
2,050
55,664
2,058
%
63,3
84,1
82,0
The Economy of Bali, 1971-2014
Sectoral Contributions
Contributions Agriculture
Services
Income
1971 2014
59.3 14.6
1971
31.8
2014
68.4
Employment
67.5
22.2
51.3
24.8
Bendesa, 2015
Movement Bali Not for Sale
1. A call for Balinese not to sell their land.
2. The ideas has been around for a couple of decades but the slogan is invented
by artists Gde Sayur and friends in 2010.
3. A art i stallatio reads Not for “ale i a rice field i Ubud.
4. I
it as adopted as sloga for ‘eject ‘ecla atio Tolak Reklamasi).
5. Art shows and music performances in the rice field.
6. In 2014 it was installed in beautiful Ceking rice terrace, a popular tourist
attraction.
7. Immediate impacts: farmers of the rice field given compensation @ Rp 2
M/month.
8. Long term impact: joined by many people, more people share the concern and
Not for “ale spirit.
Sign and Cartoon of Land for Sale
NOT FO‘ SALE MOVEMENT
Selling = Committing Suicide
Jakarta Globe, 2014
Bali — Not For Sale is a pu li ove e t
respo di g to the high o versio of the isla d s
rice fields into [commercial property]. The
campaign aims to restore the awareness that rice
is life a d is ot li ited to o
er ial value.
Reclamation Project Tanjung Benoa Bay
1. Controversial project to reclaim 880 ha of shallow water in Tanjung
Benoa to build marina, hotels, theme park, and other tourism facilities.
2. Strong rejection from members of communities as the project is
expected to harm local ecosystems.
3. The project would add to the crowding and overdevelopment of Bali's
South.
4. Failure of a similar, existing project in Serangan Island, next to the
proposed location.
5. No guarantee that the reclamation would be for the benefit of local
people.
6. Government accused of actively selling (the land of) Bali.
Movement to Support Reclamation
Reclamation, No !!!!!!!!
Jerink, musician
Super a is Dead
We may not be able to stop the reclamation
project, but at least we expressed our voice, at least
we brave to reject it, and brave to express our
disagree e t.
(Metro TV Ikonia Bali Eco-defe der
Artistic movement to protest against
overdevelopment
1. Works of art and performances have often been used by Balinese
to express social concern, since the colonial era until the early
decades of independence.
2. During the New Order authoritarian regime (1968-1998), arts were
used to convey social concern but only symbolically.
3. Now, using arts to express concern is more explicit and frequent,
because of more freedom of expression and there are more
development issues for the public to debate.
4. Unlike other regions in Indonesia, Bali has reached a stage of
stopping or being selective in accepting investments, especially for
South Bali.
Conclusion
1. Bali is a small island that is experiencing overdevelopment. While
infrastructure has been very limited, the highly promoted aim of
receiving 20 million tourists by 2019 means increased pressure on the
island to realise sustainable tourism.
2. Various members of society have shown opposition to overdevelopment
expressed through the Not for “ale o e e t, a sharp a d stro g
phrase to parodise the For “ale ad ertise e t.
3. Bali Not for “ale popular movement aims to help Bali develop its
tourism industry sustainably, by maintaining rice fields, agricultural land,
natural environments, and culture, all of which have proved to be
primary tourist attractions of the island and primary elements of the
UNESCO World Heritage Cultural Landscape of Bali.
Thank You
OF TOURISM IN BALI
Darma Putra, Udayana University
darmaputra@unud.ac.id
Bali in Indonesia
Bali Sold Out
Introduction
1. Bali tourism as resilient to two terrorist attacks, in 2002 and 2005
2. In 2012, the 'Cultural Landscape of Bali' enlisted by UNESCO as
World Heritage
3. In 2014, 10 million tourists visited the island: 3,7 international, 6,3
domestic
4. The number of visitors is almost 3,5 times the island's total
population
5. Tourism has been used as scapegoat of the island's
overdevelopment
6. How do Balinese react to overdevelopment caused by tourism?
The Indonesian Government's Tourism Policy
1. Some breakthroughs in tourism-related policies by the Jokowi
government
2. Government set target of receiving 20 million visitors by 2019
3. Radical change in visa policy: free visas for 176 countries
4. Increase in promotion funding: Rp 300 M (2014), Rp 1,2 T (2015), Rp 3 T
(2016)
5. Aggressive promotion through BAS strategy: branding, advertising,
selling
6. Advertising “tu i g ‘aja Ampat or E cha ti g Bali in public
transport facilities in Singapore and London
Recent Development of Tourism in Bali
1. Central Government targeted Bali to receive 10 million foreign
visitors by 2019.
2. Estimated that with the same number of domestic tourists, Bali will
receive 20 million tourists.
3. Over- and unbalanced development of tourism in Bali.
4. Tourism concentrated in the South, resulting in overcrowding and
traffic congestion.
5. Massive appropriation of land to build tourism related property, a
threat to agricultural land and the UNESCO protected 'Cultural
Landscape of Bali .
Tourism facilities concentrate in the South
Badung, Denpasar, Gianyar
Hotel
Hotel room
Restaurant
Number
2,050
55,664
2,058
%
63,3
84,1
82,0
The Economy of Bali, 1971-2014
Sectoral Contributions
Contributions Agriculture
Services
Income
1971 2014
59.3 14.6
1971
31.8
2014
68.4
Employment
67.5
22.2
51.3
24.8
Bendesa, 2015
Movement Bali Not for Sale
1. A call for Balinese not to sell their land.
2. The ideas has been around for a couple of decades but the slogan is invented
by artists Gde Sayur and friends in 2010.
3. A art i stallatio reads Not for “ale i a rice field i Ubud.
4. I
it as adopted as sloga for ‘eject ‘ecla atio Tolak Reklamasi).
5. Art shows and music performances in the rice field.
6. In 2014 it was installed in beautiful Ceking rice terrace, a popular tourist
attraction.
7. Immediate impacts: farmers of the rice field given compensation @ Rp 2
M/month.
8. Long term impact: joined by many people, more people share the concern and
Not for “ale spirit.
Sign and Cartoon of Land for Sale
NOT FO‘ SALE MOVEMENT
Selling = Committing Suicide
Jakarta Globe, 2014
Bali — Not For Sale is a pu li ove e t
respo di g to the high o versio of the isla d s
rice fields into [commercial property]. The
campaign aims to restore the awareness that rice
is life a d is ot li ited to o
er ial value.
Reclamation Project Tanjung Benoa Bay
1. Controversial project to reclaim 880 ha of shallow water in Tanjung
Benoa to build marina, hotels, theme park, and other tourism facilities.
2. Strong rejection from members of communities as the project is
expected to harm local ecosystems.
3. The project would add to the crowding and overdevelopment of Bali's
South.
4. Failure of a similar, existing project in Serangan Island, next to the
proposed location.
5. No guarantee that the reclamation would be for the benefit of local
people.
6. Government accused of actively selling (the land of) Bali.
Movement to Support Reclamation
Reclamation, No !!!!!!!!
Jerink, musician
Super a is Dead
We may not be able to stop the reclamation
project, but at least we expressed our voice, at least
we brave to reject it, and brave to express our
disagree e t.
(Metro TV Ikonia Bali Eco-defe der
Artistic movement to protest against
overdevelopment
1. Works of art and performances have often been used by Balinese
to express social concern, since the colonial era until the early
decades of independence.
2. During the New Order authoritarian regime (1968-1998), arts were
used to convey social concern but only symbolically.
3. Now, using arts to express concern is more explicit and frequent,
because of more freedom of expression and there are more
development issues for the public to debate.
4. Unlike other regions in Indonesia, Bali has reached a stage of
stopping or being selective in accepting investments, especially for
South Bali.
Conclusion
1. Bali is a small island that is experiencing overdevelopment. While
infrastructure has been very limited, the highly promoted aim of
receiving 20 million tourists by 2019 means increased pressure on the
island to realise sustainable tourism.
2. Various members of society have shown opposition to overdevelopment
expressed through the Not for “ale o e e t, a sharp a d stro g
phrase to parodise the For “ale ad ertise e t.
3. Bali Not for “ale popular movement aims to help Bali develop its
tourism industry sustainably, by maintaining rice fields, agricultural land,
natural environments, and culture, all of which have proved to be
primary tourist attractions of the island and primary elements of the
UNESCO World Heritage Cultural Landscape of Bali.
Thank You