DAFTAR PUSTAKA Kemampuan Ekstrak Etanol Bekatul Beras Hitam Dalam Menurunkan Kadar Glukosa Darah Pada Tikus Nefropati Diabetes.
21
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Abou Arab AA., Abu Salem FM., & Abou Arab EA., 2011, Physicochemical
Properties of Natural Pigments (Anthocyanin) Extracted from Roselle
Calyces (Hibiscus Subdariffa), J.of American Science, 7(7), 445-456.
American Diabetes Association (ADA), 2011, Standards Of Medical Care In
Diabetes, Diabetes Care, 34 (S1): S11-S61.
_____, 2013, Nephropathy in Diabetes (Position Statement). Diabetes Care, 27
(S1): S79-S83.
Akkarachiyasit, Charoenlertkul, Yibchok-anun, & Adisakwattana, 2010,
Inhibitory Activities of Cyanidin and Its Glycosides and Synergistic Effect
with Acarbose against Intestinal α-Glucosidase and Pancreatic α-Amylase,
Int J Mol Sci, 11(9): 3387–3396.
Amelia F., Afnani GN., Musfiroh A., Fikriyani AN., Ucche S., & Murrukmihadi
M., 2013, Extraction and Stability Test of Anthocyanin from Buni Fruits
(Antidesma Bunius L) as an Alternative Natural and Safe Food Colorants,
J.Food Pharm.Sci., 1, 49-53.
Campbell, Reece, & Mitchell, 2004, Biologi. Edisi Kelima Jilid 3, Alih Bahasa:
Wasmen Manalu, Editor: Amalia Safitri, Jakarta: Erlangga.
Chaturvedi N., 2007, The Burden of Diabetes And Its Complications: Trends and
Implications for Intervention. Diabetes Res Clin Pract, 76(3):S3-S12.
Chougale, A.D., Panaskar, S.N., Gurao, P.M., & Arvindekar, A.U., 2007,
Optimization of Alloxan Dose is Essential to Induce Stable Diabetes for
Prolonged Period, Asian Journal of Biochemistry, 2 (6), 402-408.
Cooper, M.E., 2001, Pathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment of Diabetic
Nephropathy, In Johnson RJ et al (Eds): Comphrehensive Clinical
Nephrology, 2nd ed. St. Louis: Mosby; p.439.
DEPKES RI, 2005, Pharmaceutical Care Untuk Penyakit Diabetes Mellitus,
Jakarta.
Dias, T.S., 1999, Leaflet Glucose GOD PAP, Diagnostic System (Diasys)
Internasional.
Gross J.I., Azevedo M.J., Silveiro S.P., Canani H.L., Caramori M.L., &
Zelmanovitz T., 2005, Diabetic Neprhopathy: Diagnostic, Prevention,
Treatment, Diabetes Care, Review Article, 28:176–188.
22
Ha H., & Lee HB., 2001, Oxidative Stress In Diabetic Nephropathy: Basic
and Clinical Information, Current Diabetes Report, Dec; 1(3): 282-7.
Hakim, V.P., & Ayustaningwarno, F., 2013, Analisis Aktivitas Antioksidan,
Kandungan Zat Gizi Makro dan Mikro Snack Bar Beras Warna Sebagai
Makanan Selingan Penderita Nefropati Diabetic, Journal Of Nutrition.
Vol.2, No.4.
Hendromartono, 2009, Nefropati Diabetik, dalam Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit Dalam
Jilid III edisi V, Interna Publishing, Jakarta.
Hong, J.H., Cha, Y.S., & Rhee, S.J., 2009, Effects of The Cellcultured
Acanthopanax Senticosus Extract on Antioxidative Defense System and
Membrane Fluidity in The Liver of Type 2 Diabetes Mouse, J Clin
Biochem Nutr, 45 , 101–109.
Hussain, SA., & Marouf, BH., 2013, Flavonoids As Alternatives In Treatment
Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Acad. J. Med. Plants, 1(2): 031-036.
Iqbal, M., Kalsoom, & Jafri S.A., 2011, Effect Of Punica Granatum Flowers
Extract on Hypercholesterolemic and Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats,
Global Journal Biotechnology and Biochemistry, (2):83-86.
Inaguma T., Junkyu Han & Hiroko Isoda, 2011, Improvement of Insulin
Resistance by Cyanidin 3-Glucoside, Anthocyanin From Black Beans
Through The Up-Regulation of GLUT4 Gene Expression, BMC
Proceedings 2011, 5(Suppl 8): P21, Licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Jayaprakasam, B., Vareed, SK., Olson, LK., & Nair MG., 2005, Insulin Secretion
by Bioactive Anthocyanins and Anthocyanidins Present In Fruits, J Agric
Food Chem, Jan 12: 53(1): 28-31.
Johnson-Delaney, C., 1996, Exotic Animal Companion Medicine Handbook for
Veterinarians, Zoological Education Network.
Kaneda, I., Kubo, & Sakurai, H., 2006, Antioxidative Compounds in the Black
Rice Brans, Journal of Health Science, 52(5) 495-511.
Sari, Lusia ORK., 2006, Pemanfaatan Obat Tradisional Dengan Pertimbangan
Manfaat Dan Keamanannya, Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian, Vol. III, No.1,
April 2006, 01 – 07.
Lucioli, S., 2012, Anthocyanins: Mechanism of action and therapeutic efficacy.
Medicinal Plants as Antioxidant Agents: Understanding Their Mechanism
23
of Action and Therapeutic Efficacy, Editor: Anna Capasso. Research
Signpost. India, ISBN: 978-81-308-0509-2: 27-57.
Martini, Endang NW., & Mutalazimah, 2010, Hubungan Tingkat Asupan Protein
dengan Kadar Ureum dan Kreatinin Darah pada Penderita Gagal Ginjal
Kronik di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta, Jurnal Kesehatan, Vol.3, No. 1
:19-26.
Modak, M., Dixit, P., Londhe, J., Ghaskadbi, S., & Devasagayam., 2007, Indian
Herbs and Herbal Drugs Used for The Treatment of Diabetes. J. Clin.
Biochem. Nutr, 40: 163–173.
Moongngarma, Daomukdaa, & Khumpika, 2012, Chemical Compositions,
Phytochemicals, and Antioxidant Capacity of Rice Bran, Rice Bran Layer,
and Rice Germ, ELSEVIER, Procedia 2(2012) 73–79.
Neal, M.J., 2005, At a Galance Farmakologi Medis Edisi V, Penerjemah Juwalita
Surapsari, Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga, Halaman 78-79.
Nontasan, Moongngarma, & Deeseenthumb, 2012, Application of Functional
Colorant Prepared from Black Rice Bran in Yogurt, Journal Article,
Procedia 2 (2012) 62–67.
Nuttal SL., Dunne F., Kendal MJ., Martin U., 1999, Age-Independent Oxidative
Stress In Elderly Patiens With Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus,
Q J Med, 92: 33-8.
Probosari, E., 2013, Faktor Resiko Gagal Ginjal pada Diabetes Melitus, Journal of
Nutrition and Health, Vol.1, No.1.
Rohilla A. & Ali S., 2012, Alloxan Induced Diabetes: Mechanisms and Effects,
International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical
Sciences, Vol. 3 (2). 819-823.
Rahimi R., Nikfar S., Larijani B., & Abdollahi M., 2005, A Review On The Role
of Antioxidants In The Management Of Diabetes and Its Complications
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Volume 59, Issue 7, 365-373.
Ryan, E.P., 2011 Vet Med Today: Timely Topics in Nutrition, Bioactive Food
Components and Health Properties of Rice Bran, JAVMA, Vol 238, No. 5.
Sasaki R., Nishimura N., Hoshino H., Isa Y., Kadowaki M., Ichi T et al., 2007,
Cyanidin 3-Glucoside Ameliorates Hyperglycemia and Insulin Sensitivity
due to Downregulation of Retinol Binding Protein 4 Expression In
Diabetic Mice, Journal Article, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1619–1627.
24
Sharma, US., and Kumar A., 2009, Anti-Diabetic Effect of Rubus Ellipticus Fruit
Extracts in Alloxan induced Diabetic Rats, Ayuverdic Medical College,
India.
Soegondo, S., 2005, Penatalaksanaan Diabetes Melitus Terpadu Cetakan Kelima,
Jakarta, Balai Penerbit Fakultas Kedokteran Indonesia, pp: 17, 49.
Sulistiowati, F., 2014, Kemampuan Perbaikan Fungsi Ginjal Setelah Pemberian
Ektrak Etanol Bekatul Beras Hitam Pada Tikus Nefropati Diabetik,
Skripsi, Surakarta: Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Muhammadiyah
Surakarta
Szkudelski,T., 2001, The Mechanism of Alloxan and Streptozotocin Action in B
Cells of the Rats Pancreas, Physiol Res, 50 (6): 537-46.
Suharmiati, 2003, Pengujian Bioaktivitas Anti Diabetes Mellitus Tumbuhan Obat.
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran, Surabaya, Departemen Kesehatan RI, pp: 8-13.
Suherman, SK., 2007, Farmakologi dan Terapi Edisi V, Jakarta, Universitas
Indonesia, pp: 485.
Tsuda, T., Ueno, Y., Yoshikawa, T., Kojo, H., & Osawa, T., 2006, Microarray
Profiling of Gene Expression In Human Adipocytes In Response to
Anthocyanins. J Biochem, Pharmacol, 71: 1184-1197.
Ueno Y., Kizaki M., Nakagiri R., Kamiya T., Sumi H, & Osawa T., 2002, Dietary
Gluthatione Protects Rats From Diabetic Nephropathy Andneuropathy. J
Nutr, 2002; 132:897-900.
Vanini LS., Hirata TA., Kwiatkowski A., & Clemente E., 2009, Extraction And
Stability Of Anthocyanins From The Benitaka Grape Cultivar (Vitis
vinifera L.), Braz.J.Food. Technol, 12((3):213-219, DOI:10.4260.
Vujiicic B., Turk T, Crncevic-Orlic Z, Dorđevic G, & Racki S., 2012, Diabetic
Nephropathy: Pathophysiology and Complications of Diabetes Mellitus,
Chapter IV, Licensee InTech, 71-89.
Walde, S.S., Dohle, C., Schott-Ohly, P., Gleichmann, H., 2002, Molecular Target
Structures In Alloxan-Induced Diabetes In Mice. Life Sci, US National,
71(14):1681-94.
Wardani, R.K., 2010, Perbandingan Efek Hipoglikemik Bekatul Beras Hitam
dengan Metformin Pada Mencit BALB/C Yang Diinduksi Stretozotocin,
Skripsi, Surakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret.
25
Widarta, I.W.R., Nocianitri, K.A., & Sari, L.P.I.P., 2013, Ekstraksi Komponen
Bioaktif Bekatul Beras Lokal dengan Beberapa Jenis Pelarut, Jurnal
Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan, Vol. 2 No. 2. 75.
Xia X, Ling W, Ma J, & Xia M., 2006, An Anthocyanin-Rich Extract From
Black Rice Enhances Atherosclerotic Plaque Stabilization In
Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice, J. Nutr., 136: 2220-2225.
Yulinah, S., Andrajati, R., Sigit, J., Adnyana, IK., Setiadi, AP., & Kusnandar.,
2009, ISO Farmakoterapi Cetakan Kedua, Jakarta, PT. ISFI, pp: 26.
Zhang, M.V., Zhang R.F., Zhang, F.X, & Liu, R.H., 2010, Phenolic Profiles And
Antioxidant Activity Of Black Rice Bran Of Different Commercially
Available Varieties, 2010 Jul 14;58 (13):7580-7.
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Abou Arab AA., Abu Salem FM., & Abou Arab EA., 2011, Physicochemical
Properties of Natural Pigments (Anthocyanin) Extracted from Roselle
Calyces (Hibiscus Subdariffa), J.of American Science, 7(7), 445-456.
American Diabetes Association (ADA), 2011, Standards Of Medical Care In
Diabetes, Diabetes Care, 34 (S1): S11-S61.
_____, 2013, Nephropathy in Diabetes (Position Statement). Diabetes Care, 27
(S1): S79-S83.
Akkarachiyasit, Charoenlertkul, Yibchok-anun, & Adisakwattana, 2010,
Inhibitory Activities of Cyanidin and Its Glycosides and Synergistic Effect
with Acarbose against Intestinal α-Glucosidase and Pancreatic α-Amylase,
Int J Mol Sci, 11(9): 3387–3396.
Amelia F., Afnani GN., Musfiroh A., Fikriyani AN., Ucche S., & Murrukmihadi
M., 2013, Extraction and Stability Test of Anthocyanin from Buni Fruits
(Antidesma Bunius L) as an Alternative Natural and Safe Food Colorants,
J.Food Pharm.Sci., 1, 49-53.
Campbell, Reece, & Mitchell, 2004, Biologi. Edisi Kelima Jilid 3, Alih Bahasa:
Wasmen Manalu, Editor: Amalia Safitri, Jakarta: Erlangga.
Chaturvedi N., 2007, The Burden of Diabetes And Its Complications: Trends and
Implications for Intervention. Diabetes Res Clin Pract, 76(3):S3-S12.
Chougale, A.D., Panaskar, S.N., Gurao, P.M., & Arvindekar, A.U., 2007,
Optimization of Alloxan Dose is Essential to Induce Stable Diabetes for
Prolonged Period, Asian Journal of Biochemistry, 2 (6), 402-408.
Cooper, M.E., 2001, Pathogenesis, Prevention, and Treatment of Diabetic
Nephropathy, In Johnson RJ et al (Eds): Comphrehensive Clinical
Nephrology, 2nd ed. St. Louis: Mosby; p.439.
DEPKES RI, 2005, Pharmaceutical Care Untuk Penyakit Diabetes Mellitus,
Jakarta.
Dias, T.S., 1999, Leaflet Glucose GOD PAP, Diagnostic System (Diasys)
Internasional.
Gross J.I., Azevedo M.J., Silveiro S.P., Canani H.L., Caramori M.L., &
Zelmanovitz T., 2005, Diabetic Neprhopathy: Diagnostic, Prevention,
Treatment, Diabetes Care, Review Article, 28:176–188.
22
Ha H., & Lee HB., 2001, Oxidative Stress In Diabetic Nephropathy: Basic
and Clinical Information, Current Diabetes Report, Dec; 1(3): 282-7.
Hakim, V.P., & Ayustaningwarno, F., 2013, Analisis Aktivitas Antioksidan,
Kandungan Zat Gizi Makro dan Mikro Snack Bar Beras Warna Sebagai
Makanan Selingan Penderita Nefropati Diabetic, Journal Of Nutrition.
Vol.2, No.4.
Hendromartono, 2009, Nefropati Diabetik, dalam Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit Dalam
Jilid III edisi V, Interna Publishing, Jakarta.
Hong, J.H., Cha, Y.S., & Rhee, S.J., 2009, Effects of The Cellcultured
Acanthopanax Senticosus Extract on Antioxidative Defense System and
Membrane Fluidity in The Liver of Type 2 Diabetes Mouse, J Clin
Biochem Nutr, 45 , 101–109.
Hussain, SA., & Marouf, BH., 2013, Flavonoids As Alternatives In Treatment
Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Acad. J. Med. Plants, 1(2): 031-036.
Iqbal, M., Kalsoom, & Jafri S.A., 2011, Effect Of Punica Granatum Flowers
Extract on Hypercholesterolemic and Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats,
Global Journal Biotechnology and Biochemistry, (2):83-86.
Inaguma T., Junkyu Han & Hiroko Isoda, 2011, Improvement of Insulin
Resistance by Cyanidin 3-Glucoside, Anthocyanin From Black Beans
Through The Up-Regulation of GLUT4 Gene Expression, BMC
Proceedings 2011, 5(Suppl 8): P21, Licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Jayaprakasam, B., Vareed, SK., Olson, LK., & Nair MG., 2005, Insulin Secretion
by Bioactive Anthocyanins and Anthocyanidins Present In Fruits, J Agric
Food Chem, Jan 12: 53(1): 28-31.
Johnson-Delaney, C., 1996, Exotic Animal Companion Medicine Handbook for
Veterinarians, Zoological Education Network.
Kaneda, I., Kubo, & Sakurai, H., 2006, Antioxidative Compounds in the Black
Rice Brans, Journal of Health Science, 52(5) 495-511.
Sari, Lusia ORK., 2006, Pemanfaatan Obat Tradisional Dengan Pertimbangan
Manfaat Dan Keamanannya, Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian, Vol. III, No.1,
April 2006, 01 – 07.
Lucioli, S., 2012, Anthocyanins: Mechanism of action and therapeutic efficacy.
Medicinal Plants as Antioxidant Agents: Understanding Their Mechanism
23
of Action and Therapeutic Efficacy, Editor: Anna Capasso. Research
Signpost. India, ISBN: 978-81-308-0509-2: 27-57.
Martini, Endang NW., & Mutalazimah, 2010, Hubungan Tingkat Asupan Protein
dengan Kadar Ureum dan Kreatinin Darah pada Penderita Gagal Ginjal
Kronik di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta, Jurnal Kesehatan, Vol.3, No. 1
:19-26.
Modak, M., Dixit, P., Londhe, J., Ghaskadbi, S., & Devasagayam., 2007, Indian
Herbs and Herbal Drugs Used for The Treatment of Diabetes. J. Clin.
Biochem. Nutr, 40: 163–173.
Moongngarma, Daomukdaa, & Khumpika, 2012, Chemical Compositions,
Phytochemicals, and Antioxidant Capacity of Rice Bran, Rice Bran Layer,
and Rice Germ, ELSEVIER, Procedia 2(2012) 73–79.
Neal, M.J., 2005, At a Galance Farmakologi Medis Edisi V, Penerjemah Juwalita
Surapsari, Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga, Halaman 78-79.
Nontasan, Moongngarma, & Deeseenthumb, 2012, Application of Functional
Colorant Prepared from Black Rice Bran in Yogurt, Journal Article,
Procedia 2 (2012) 62–67.
Nuttal SL., Dunne F., Kendal MJ., Martin U., 1999, Age-Independent Oxidative
Stress In Elderly Patiens With Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus,
Q J Med, 92: 33-8.
Probosari, E., 2013, Faktor Resiko Gagal Ginjal pada Diabetes Melitus, Journal of
Nutrition and Health, Vol.1, No.1.
Rohilla A. & Ali S., 2012, Alloxan Induced Diabetes: Mechanisms and Effects,
International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical
Sciences, Vol. 3 (2). 819-823.
Rahimi R., Nikfar S., Larijani B., & Abdollahi M., 2005, A Review On The Role
of Antioxidants In The Management Of Diabetes and Its Complications
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Volume 59, Issue 7, 365-373.
Ryan, E.P., 2011 Vet Med Today: Timely Topics in Nutrition, Bioactive Food
Components and Health Properties of Rice Bran, JAVMA, Vol 238, No. 5.
Sasaki R., Nishimura N., Hoshino H., Isa Y., Kadowaki M., Ichi T et al., 2007,
Cyanidin 3-Glucoside Ameliorates Hyperglycemia and Insulin Sensitivity
due to Downregulation of Retinol Binding Protein 4 Expression In
Diabetic Mice, Journal Article, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1619–1627.
24
Sharma, US., and Kumar A., 2009, Anti-Diabetic Effect of Rubus Ellipticus Fruit
Extracts in Alloxan induced Diabetic Rats, Ayuverdic Medical College,
India.
Soegondo, S., 2005, Penatalaksanaan Diabetes Melitus Terpadu Cetakan Kelima,
Jakarta, Balai Penerbit Fakultas Kedokteran Indonesia, pp: 17, 49.
Sulistiowati, F., 2014, Kemampuan Perbaikan Fungsi Ginjal Setelah Pemberian
Ektrak Etanol Bekatul Beras Hitam Pada Tikus Nefropati Diabetik,
Skripsi, Surakarta: Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Muhammadiyah
Surakarta
Szkudelski,T., 2001, The Mechanism of Alloxan and Streptozotocin Action in B
Cells of the Rats Pancreas, Physiol Res, 50 (6): 537-46.
Suharmiati, 2003, Pengujian Bioaktivitas Anti Diabetes Mellitus Tumbuhan Obat.
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran, Surabaya, Departemen Kesehatan RI, pp: 8-13.
Suherman, SK., 2007, Farmakologi dan Terapi Edisi V, Jakarta, Universitas
Indonesia, pp: 485.
Tsuda, T., Ueno, Y., Yoshikawa, T., Kojo, H., & Osawa, T., 2006, Microarray
Profiling of Gene Expression In Human Adipocytes In Response to
Anthocyanins. J Biochem, Pharmacol, 71: 1184-1197.
Ueno Y., Kizaki M., Nakagiri R., Kamiya T., Sumi H, & Osawa T., 2002, Dietary
Gluthatione Protects Rats From Diabetic Nephropathy Andneuropathy. J
Nutr, 2002; 132:897-900.
Vanini LS., Hirata TA., Kwiatkowski A., & Clemente E., 2009, Extraction And
Stability Of Anthocyanins From The Benitaka Grape Cultivar (Vitis
vinifera L.), Braz.J.Food. Technol, 12((3):213-219, DOI:10.4260.
Vujiicic B., Turk T, Crncevic-Orlic Z, Dorđevic G, & Racki S., 2012, Diabetic
Nephropathy: Pathophysiology and Complications of Diabetes Mellitus,
Chapter IV, Licensee InTech, 71-89.
Walde, S.S., Dohle, C., Schott-Ohly, P., Gleichmann, H., 2002, Molecular Target
Structures In Alloxan-Induced Diabetes In Mice. Life Sci, US National,
71(14):1681-94.
Wardani, R.K., 2010, Perbandingan Efek Hipoglikemik Bekatul Beras Hitam
dengan Metformin Pada Mencit BALB/C Yang Diinduksi Stretozotocin,
Skripsi, Surakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret.
25
Widarta, I.W.R., Nocianitri, K.A., & Sari, L.P.I.P., 2013, Ekstraksi Komponen
Bioaktif Bekatul Beras Lokal dengan Beberapa Jenis Pelarut, Jurnal
Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan, Vol. 2 No. 2. 75.
Xia X, Ling W, Ma J, & Xia M., 2006, An Anthocyanin-Rich Extract From
Black Rice Enhances Atherosclerotic Plaque Stabilization In
Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice, J. Nutr., 136: 2220-2225.
Yulinah, S., Andrajati, R., Sigit, J., Adnyana, IK., Setiadi, AP., & Kusnandar.,
2009, ISO Farmakoterapi Cetakan Kedua, Jakarta, PT. ISFI, pp: 26.
Zhang, M.V., Zhang R.F., Zhang, F.X, & Liu, R.H., 2010, Phenolic Profiles And
Antioxidant Activity Of Black Rice Bran Of Different Commercially
Available Varieties, 2010 Jul 14;58 (13):7580-7.