G. DAFTAR PUSTAKA UJI AKTIVITAS PENANGKAP RADIKAL BEBAS FRAKSI SEMIPOLAR EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN BENALU MANGGA (Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq.) DENGAN METODE DPPH.
40
G.
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Aderogba, M.A., Ogundaini, A.O., Eloff, J.N., 2006, Isolation of Two Flavonoids from
Bauhinia monandra (kurz) Leaves and Their Antioxidative Effects, J. Traditional,
Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 3 (4): 59-65.
Anief, M., 2000, Ilmu Meracik Obat, Cetakan ke-9, Gadjah Mada University Press,
Yogyakarta, 168-169.
Anonim, 1986, Sediaan Galenik, Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, Jakarta,
4-31.
Antal, D.S., 2010, Medicinal Plants with Antioxidant Properties from Banat Region
(Romania): a Rich Pool for the Discovery of Multi-Target Phytochemicals Active
in Free-Radical Related Disorders, Journal University of Medicine and Pharmacy,
17 (1): 14-22.
Artanti, N., Ma’arifa, Y., Hanafi, N., 2006, Isolation and Identification of Active
Antioxidant Coumpound from Star Fruit (Averrhoa carambola) Mistletoe
(Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq.) Ethanol Extract, Journal of Applied Scienes
6 (8): 1659-1663.
Artanti, N., Widayarti, R., Fajriah, S., 2009, Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Toksisitas
Ekstrak Air dan Etanol Daun Benalu (Dendrophthoe petandra L. Miq.) yang
Tumbuh Pada Berbagai Inang, JKTI, 11 (1): 39-42.
Backer, C.A., and Van Den Brink, R.C,B., 1965, Flora Of Java Spermatopytes Only,
Volume II. N.V.P. Noordhoff-Gronigen The Netherland, 67-73.
Cai-Yizhong, Luo, Q., Mei-Sun, Corke, H., 2003, Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic
Compounds of 112 Traditional Chinese Medicinal Plants Associated with
Anticancer, Life Sciences 74: 2157–2184 in: Muchtaridi, Subarnas. A., Indrayati.
N., 2005, Aktivitas Antioksidan Proantosi Anidin dari Akar Pakis Tangkur
(Polypodium feei mett) secara In Vitro, Artocarpus, Media Farmasi Ind.
Chang, C.L., and Lin, C.S., 2010, Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant Activity
and Neuroprotective Effect of Terminalia chebula Retzius Extracts, Journal,
Research Institute of Biotechnology.
Darmawan, A., Sundowo, A., Fajriah, S., Artanti, S., 2004, Isolasi dan Identifikasi
Senyawa Aktif Antioksidan Metode Peredaman Radikal Bebas DPPH (1,1diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) dari Ekstrak Daun Benalu Cemara (Dendrophthoe
pentandra (L.) Miq.), Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Toksisitas Ekstrak Metanol
Beberapa Jenis Benalu. Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Tangerang.
Desai, A.D., Desai, D.G., Kaur, H., 2009, Saponins and their Biological Activities,
Article Pharma Times, 41 (3): 13-16.
41
Di Piro, J.T., Talbert, R.L., Yee, G.C., Matzke, G.R., Wells, B.G., and Posey, L.M.,
2005, Pharmacotherapy: A Phatophysiologic Approach, The McGraw-Hill
Companies, United States of America, 2280-2281.
Erol, N.T., Sarı, F., Velioglu Y.S., 2009, Polyphenols, Alkaloids and Antioxidant Activity of
Different Grades Turkish Black Tea, Received, Research, 30 (4): 1-7.l
Fajriah, S., Darmawan, A., Sundowo, A., Artanti, N., 2007, Isolasi Senyawa Antioksidan
dari Ekstrak Etil Asetat Daun Benalu Dendrophthoe pendrandra L. Miq yang
Tumbuh pada Inang Lobi-lobi, Jurnal Kimia Indonesia, 2 (1): 17-20.
Fessenden, R. J., and Fessenden, J. S., 1986, Kimia Organik, diterjemahkan oleh
Pudjaatmaka, A. H., Edisi Ketiga, Penerbit Erlangga, Jakarta, 223-254.
Fernandez, T., Zolezzi, P.C., Aulicino, P., Lopes, C.E., Wagner, M., Ricco, R., Hajos,
S., Gumi, A., and Alvarez, E., 2003, Immunobiological Features of the
Galactoside Lectin Isolated from Argentine Mistletoe (Ligaria cunefolia),
J. Ethnopharmacol., 85: 81-9.
Gusdinar, T., Herowati, R., Kartasasmita R.E., dan Adnyana, I.K, 2011, Anti-inflammatory
and Antioxidant Activity of Quercetin-3,3’,4’-Triacetate, Journal of Pharmacology
and Toxicology, 6 (2): 182-188.
Harborne, J.B., 1987, Metode Fitokimia: Penentuan Cara Modern Menganalisis
Tumbuhan, Institut Teknologi Bandung Press, Bandung.
Hostettman, A., 1995, Cara Kromatogram Preparat, Institut Teknologi Bandung Press,
Bandung.
Hou, W.C., Hsu, F.L. and Lee, M.H., 2002., Yam (Dioscorea batatas) Tuber Mucilage
Exhibited Antioxidant Activities in vitro, Planta Med., 68: 1072 – 1076 in:
Sunarni, T., Pramono, S., Asmah, R., 2007, Antioxidant–Free Radical Scavenging
of Flavonoid from The Leaves of Stelechocarpus burahol (Bl.) Hook f. & Th,
Majalah Farmasi Indonesia, 18 (3): 111-116.
Ikawati, M., Wibowo, A.E., Octa, N.S., dan Adelina, R., 2008, Pemanfaatan Benalu
sebagai Agen Antikanker, Laporan Penelitian, Fakultas Farmasi Universitas
Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta.
Katrina, Soemardji, A. A., Soeganda, A.G., Iwang S., Padmawinata K., 2005, Pengaruh
Berbagai Ekstrak Daun Benalu Duku (Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq.), Jurnal
Bahan Alam Indonesia Vol.4.1 in: Katrin, Soemardji, A. A., Soeganda, A.G.,
Soediro, I., 2005, The Acute Toxicity of Isolates From n-hexane and Ethanolic
Fraction of Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq. Which Have Immunostimulatory
Activity, Majalah Farmasi Indonesia, 16 (4): 227-231.
42
Katrinb, Soemardji, A. A., Soeganda, A.G., Soediro, I., 2005, The Acute Toxicity of
Isolates From n-hexane and Ethanolic Fraction of Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.)
Miq. Which Have Immunostimulatory Activity, Majalah Farmasi Indonesia, 16
(4): 227-231.
Lamson, D.W., dan Brignall, M.S., 2000, Antioxidants and cancer III Quercetin,
Alternative Medicine Review, 5 (3): 196-208.
Marliana, E., 2007, Analisis Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder dari Batang Spatholobus
ferrugineus (Zoll & Moritzi) Benth yang Berfungsi sebagai Antioksidan, Jurnal
Penelitian Mipa, 1 (1): 23-28.
Mursyidi, A., 1989, Analisis Metabolit Sekunder, Bioteknologi Universitas Gajah
Mada, Yogyakarta, 306-325.
Murthy, V.H., Krumholz, H.M., Gross, C.P., 2004, Participation in Cancer Clinical
Trials: Race-, Sex-, and Age-Based Disparities, JAMA, 291 (22): 2720-2726.
Nakagawa, K., Kawagoe, M., Yoshimura, M., Arata, H., Minamikawa, T. Nakamura,
M., dan Matsumoto, A., 2000, Differential Effects of Flavonoid Quercetin on
Oxidative Damages Induced by Hydrophilic and Lipophilic Radical Generators in
Hepatic Lysosomal Fractions of Mice, Journal of Health Science, 46 (6): 509-512.
Nurhasanah, 2001, Identifikasi Senyawa Flavonoid Dari Benalu (Dendropthoe sp)
Dengan Variasi Ekstrak Dan Tanaman Inang, Skripsi, Fakultas Matematika dan
Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Lampung, Lampung.
Ohashi, K., Winarno, H., Mukai, M., Prana, M. S., Simanjuntak P., and Shibuya, H.,
2003, Cancer Cell Invasion Inhibitory Effects of Chemical Constituents in the
Parasitic Plant Scurrula atropura (Loranthaceae), Chem. Pharm. Bull, 51:
343-345.
Oke, J.M., dan Hamburger, M.O., 2002, Screening of Some Nigerian Medicinal Plants
For Antioxidant Activity Using 2,2, Diphenyl-Picryl-Hydrazyl Radical, AJBR, 5:
77-79 in: Sunarni, T., Pramono, S., Asmah, R., 2007, Antioxidant–Free Radical
Scavenging of Flavonoid from The Leaves of Stelechocarpus burahol (Bl.) Hook
f. & Th. Majalah Farmasi Indonesia, 18 (3): 111-116.
Pokorni, J., 2001, Antioxidant in Food Practical Aplication, Woodhead publishing Ltd.,
Cambridge, England.
Prakash, D., Upadhyay, G., Singh, B. N., Dhakarey, R., Kumar, S., dan Singh, K.K.,
2007, Free-radical Scavenging Activitiesof Himalayan Rhododendrons, Current
Science, 92 (4): 25.
43
Reymond, S., Ferrie, L., Guerinot, A., Capdevielle, P., Cossy, J., 2008, Chemoselective
Reaction: Toward The Synthesis of Biologically Active Natural Prodcts with
Anticancer Activities, Pure Appl. Chem., 80 (8): 1683-1691.
Reynertson, K.A., Basile, M.J., Kennelly, E.J., 2005, Antioxidant Potential of Seven
Myrtaceous Fruits, Journal of Plants, People and Research.
Robinson, T., 1995, Kandungan Organik Tumbuhan Tinggi, Institut teknologi Bandung,
Bandung, 1-165.
Rohman, A dan Riyanto, S., 2006, Aktivitas Antiradikal Buah Mengkudu (Morinda
citrifolia L.), Laporan Penelitian, Universitas Gajah Mada, Yogyakarta.
Sarker, S.D., Latif, Z., Gray, A.I., 2005, Natural Products Isolation, second
edition, Humana Press, New Jersey.
Soeksmanto, A., Hapsari, Y., dan Simanjuntak, P., 2007, Kandungan Antioksidan pada
Beberapa Bagian Tanaman Mahkota Dewa, Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff) Boerl.
(Thymelaceae), Biodiversitas, Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Pancasila, Jakarta.
Sukardiman., Santa, I.G.P., dan Rahmadany, 1999, Efek Anti Kanker Isolat Flavonoid
dari Benalu Mangga (Dendrophtoe petandra), Cermin Dunia Kedokteran,122:5-7.
Sukarianingsih, D., 2006, Sintesis dan Penentuan Struktur Kuersetin Benzoat, Laporan
Penelitian, MIPA Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang.
Vaya, J., dan Aviram, M., 2001, Nutritional Antioxidants: Mechanisms of Action,
Analyses of Activities and Medical Applications, Curr. Med. Chem.-Imm, Endoc.
and Metab. Agents, 1 (1).
Voigt, R., 1994, Buku Pelajaran Teknologi Farmasi, edisi V, diterjemahkan oleh
Soewandhi, S.N., dan Widianto, M.B., Gadjah Mada University Press,
Yogyakarta, 561-584.
Wagner, H., 1996, Plant Drug Analysis, a Thin Layer Chromatography Atlas, second
Edition, Spinger, 1-365.
Waji, R. A. dan Sugrani, A., 2009, Flavonoid (Quercetin), Laporan Kimia Organik
Bahan Alam Program S2 Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan
Alam, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makasar.
Windono, T., Soediman, S., Yudawati, U., Ermawati, E., Srielita, A., Erowati, T.I.,
2001, Uji Peredam Radikal Bebas Terhadap 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazil
(DPPH) dari Ekstrak Kulit Buah dan Biji Anggur (Vitis vinifera L.) Probolinggo
Biru dan Bali, Artocarpus, 1 (1): 34-43.
G.
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Aderogba, M.A., Ogundaini, A.O., Eloff, J.N., 2006, Isolation of Two Flavonoids from
Bauhinia monandra (kurz) Leaves and Their Antioxidative Effects, J. Traditional,
Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 3 (4): 59-65.
Anief, M., 2000, Ilmu Meracik Obat, Cetakan ke-9, Gadjah Mada University Press,
Yogyakarta, 168-169.
Anonim, 1986, Sediaan Galenik, Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, Jakarta,
4-31.
Antal, D.S., 2010, Medicinal Plants with Antioxidant Properties from Banat Region
(Romania): a Rich Pool for the Discovery of Multi-Target Phytochemicals Active
in Free-Radical Related Disorders, Journal University of Medicine and Pharmacy,
17 (1): 14-22.
Artanti, N., Ma’arifa, Y., Hanafi, N., 2006, Isolation and Identification of Active
Antioxidant Coumpound from Star Fruit (Averrhoa carambola) Mistletoe
(Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq.) Ethanol Extract, Journal of Applied Scienes
6 (8): 1659-1663.
Artanti, N., Widayarti, R., Fajriah, S., 2009, Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Toksisitas
Ekstrak Air dan Etanol Daun Benalu (Dendrophthoe petandra L. Miq.) yang
Tumbuh Pada Berbagai Inang, JKTI, 11 (1): 39-42.
Backer, C.A., and Van Den Brink, R.C,B., 1965, Flora Of Java Spermatopytes Only,
Volume II. N.V.P. Noordhoff-Gronigen The Netherland, 67-73.
Cai-Yizhong, Luo, Q., Mei-Sun, Corke, H., 2003, Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic
Compounds of 112 Traditional Chinese Medicinal Plants Associated with
Anticancer, Life Sciences 74: 2157–2184 in: Muchtaridi, Subarnas. A., Indrayati.
N., 2005, Aktivitas Antioksidan Proantosi Anidin dari Akar Pakis Tangkur
(Polypodium feei mett) secara In Vitro, Artocarpus, Media Farmasi Ind.
Chang, C.L., and Lin, C.S., 2010, Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant Activity
and Neuroprotective Effect of Terminalia chebula Retzius Extracts, Journal,
Research Institute of Biotechnology.
Darmawan, A., Sundowo, A., Fajriah, S., Artanti, S., 2004, Isolasi dan Identifikasi
Senyawa Aktif Antioksidan Metode Peredaman Radikal Bebas DPPH (1,1diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) dari Ekstrak Daun Benalu Cemara (Dendrophthoe
pentandra (L.) Miq.), Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Toksisitas Ekstrak Metanol
Beberapa Jenis Benalu. Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Tangerang.
Desai, A.D., Desai, D.G., Kaur, H., 2009, Saponins and their Biological Activities,
Article Pharma Times, 41 (3): 13-16.
41
Di Piro, J.T., Talbert, R.L., Yee, G.C., Matzke, G.R., Wells, B.G., and Posey, L.M.,
2005, Pharmacotherapy: A Phatophysiologic Approach, The McGraw-Hill
Companies, United States of America, 2280-2281.
Erol, N.T., Sarı, F., Velioglu Y.S., 2009, Polyphenols, Alkaloids and Antioxidant Activity of
Different Grades Turkish Black Tea, Received, Research, 30 (4): 1-7.l
Fajriah, S., Darmawan, A., Sundowo, A., Artanti, N., 2007, Isolasi Senyawa Antioksidan
dari Ekstrak Etil Asetat Daun Benalu Dendrophthoe pendrandra L. Miq yang
Tumbuh pada Inang Lobi-lobi, Jurnal Kimia Indonesia, 2 (1): 17-20.
Fessenden, R. J., and Fessenden, J. S., 1986, Kimia Organik, diterjemahkan oleh
Pudjaatmaka, A. H., Edisi Ketiga, Penerbit Erlangga, Jakarta, 223-254.
Fernandez, T., Zolezzi, P.C., Aulicino, P., Lopes, C.E., Wagner, M., Ricco, R., Hajos,
S., Gumi, A., and Alvarez, E., 2003, Immunobiological Features of the
Galactoside Lectin Isolated from Argentine Mistletoe (Ligaria cunefolia),
J. Ethnopharmacol., 85: 81-9.
Gusdinar, T., Herowati, R., Kartasasmita R.E., dan Adnyana, I.K, 2011, Anti-inflammatory
and Antioxidant Activity of Quercetin-3,3’,4’-Triacetate, Journal of Pharmacology
and Toxicology, 6 (2): 182-188.
Harborne, J.B., 1987, Metode Fitokimia: Penentuan Cara Modern Menganalisis
Tumbuhan, Institut Teknologi Bandung Press, Bandung.
Hostettman, A., 1995, Cara Kromatogram Preparat, Institut Teknologi Bandung Press,
Bandung.
Hou, W.C., Hsu, F.L. and Lee, M.H., 2002., Yam (Dioscorea batatas) Tuber Mucilage
Exhibited Antioxidant Activities in vitro, Planta Med., 68: 1072 – 1076 in:
Sunarni, T., Pramono, S., Asmah, R., 2007, Antioxidant–Free Radical Scavenging
of Flavonoid from The Leaves of Stelechocarpus burahol (Bl.) Hook f. & Th,
Majalah Farmasi Indonesia, 18 (3): 111-116.
Ikawati, M., Wibowo, A.E., Octa, N.S., dan Adelina, R., 2008, Pemanfaatan Benalu
sebagai Agen Antikanker, Laporan Penelitian, Fakultas Farmasi Universitas
Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta.
Katrina, Soemardji, A. A., Soeganda, A.G., Iwang S., Padmawinata K., 2005, Pengaruh
Berbagai Ekstrak Daun Benalu Duku (Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq.), Jurnal
Bahan Alam Indonesia Vol.4.1 in: Katrin, Soemardji, A. A., Soeganda, A.G.,
Soediro, I., 2005, The Acute Toxicity of Isolates From n-hexane and Ethanolic
Fraction of Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq. Which Have Immunostimulatory
Activity, Majalah Farmasi Indonesia, 16 (4): 227-231.
42
Katrinb, Soemardji, A. A., Soeganda, A.G., Soediro, I., 2005, The Acute Toxicity of
Isolates From n-hexane and Ethanolic Fraction of Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.)
Miq. Which Have Immunostimulatory Activity, Majalah Farmasi Indonesia, 16
(4): 227-231.
Lamson, D.W., dan Brignall, M.S., 2000, Antioxidants and cancer III Quercetin,
Alternative Medicine Review, 5 (3): 196-208.
Marliana, E., 2007, Analisis Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder dari Batang Spatholobus
ferrugineus (Zoll & Moritzi) Benth yang Berfungsi sebagai Antioksidan, Jurnal
Penelitian Mipa, 1 (1): 23-28.
Mursyidi, A., 1989, Analisis Metabolit Sekunder, Bioteknologi Universitas Gajah
Mada, Yogyakarta, 306-325.
Murthy, V.H., Krumholz, H.M., Gross, C.P., 2004, Participation in Cancer Clinical
Trials: Race-, Sex-, and Age-Based Disparities, JAMA, 291 (22): 2720-2726.
Nakagawa, K., Kawagoe, M., Yoshimura, M., Arata, H., Minamikawa, T. Nakamura,
M., dan Matsumoto, A., 2000, Differential Effects of Flavonoid Quercetin on
Oxidative Damages Induced by Hydrophilic and Lipophilic Radical Generators in
Hepatic Lysosomal Fractions of Mice, Journal of Health Science, 46 (6): 509-512.
Nurhasanah, 2001, Identifikasi Senyawa Flavonoid Dari Benalu (Dendropthoe sp)
Dengan Variasi Ekstrak Dan Tanaman Inang, Skripsi, Fakultas Matematika dan
Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Lampung, Lampung.
Ohashi, K., Winarno, H., Mukai, M., Prana, M. S., Simanjuntak P., and Shibuya, H.,
2003, Cancer Cell Invasion Inhibitory Effects of Chemical Constituents in the
Parasitic Plant Scurrula atropura (Loranthaceae), Chem. Pharm. Bull, 51:
343-345.
Oke, J.M., dan Hamburger, M.O., 2002, Screening of Some Nigerian Medicinal Plants
For Antioxidant Activity Using 2,2, Diphenyl-Picryl-Hydrazyl Radical, AJBR, 5:
77-79 in: Sunarni, T., Pramono, S., Asmah, R., 2007, Antioxidant–Free Radical
Scavenging of Flavonoid from The Leaves of Stelechocarpus burahol (Bl.) Hook
f. & Th. Majalah Farmasi Indonesia, 18 (3): 111-116.
Pokorni, J., 2001, Antioxidant in Food Practical Aplication, Woodhead publishing Ltd.,
Cambridge, England.
Prakash, D., Upadhyay, G., Singh, B. N., Dhakarey, R., Kumar, S., dan Singh, K.K.,
2007, Free-radical Scavenging Activitiesof Himalayan Rhododendrons, Current
Science, 92 (4): 25.
43
Reymond, S., Ferrie, L., Guerinot, A., Capdevielle, P., Cossy, J., 2008, Chemoselective
Reaction: Toward The Synthesis of Biologically Active Natural Prodcts with
Anticancer Activities, Pure Appl. Chem., 80 (8): 1683-1691.
Reynertson, K.A., Basile, M.J., Kennelly, E.J., 2005, Antioxidant Potential of Seven
Myrtaceous Fruits, Journal of Plants, People and Research.
Robinson, T., 1995, Kandungan Organik Tumbuhan Tinggi, Institut teknologi Bandung,
Bandung, 1-165.
Rohman, A dan Riyanto, S., 2006, Aktivitas Antiradikal Buah Mengkudu (Morinda
citrifolia L.), Laporan Penelitian, Universitas Gajah Mada, Yogyakarta.
Sarker, S.D., Latif, Z., Gray, A.I., 2005, Natural Products Isolation, second
edition, Humana Press, New Jersey.
Soeksmanto, A., Hapsari, Y., dan Simanjuntak, P., 2007, Kandungan Antioksidan pada
Beberapa Bagian Tanaman Mahkota Dewa, Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff) Boerl.
(Thymelaceae), Biodiversitas, Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Pancasila, Jakarta.
Sukardiman., Santa, I.G.P., dan Rahmadany, 1999, Efek Anti Kanker Isolat Flavonoid
dari Benalu Mangga (Dendrophtoe petandra), Cermin Dunia Kedokteran,122:5-7.
Sukarianingsih, D., 2006, Sintesis dan Penentuan Struktur Kuersetin Benzoat, Laporan
Penelitian, MIPA Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang.
Vaya, J., dan Aviram, M., 2001, Nutritional Antioxidants: Mechanisms of Action,
Analyses of Activities and Medical Applications, Curr. Med. Chem.-Imm, Endoc.
and Metab. Agents, 1 (1).
Voigt, R., 1994, Buku Pelajaran Teknologi Farmasi, edisi V, diterjemahkan oleh
Soewandhi, S.N., dan Widianto, M.B., Gadjah Mada University Press,
Yogyakarta, 561-584.
Wagner, H., 1996, Plant Drug Analysis, a Thin Layer Chromatography Atlas, second
Edition, Spinger, 1-365.
Waji, R. A. dan Sugrani, A., 2009, Flavonoid (Quercetin), Laporan Kimia Organik
Bahan Alam Program S2 Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan
Alam, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makasar.
Windono, T., Soediman, S., Yudawati, U., Ermawati, E., Srielita, A., Erowati, T.I.,
2001, Uji Peredam Radikal Bebas Terhadap 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazil
(DPPH) dari Ekstrak Kulit Buah dan Biji Anggur (Vitis vinifera L.) Probolinggo
Biru dan Bali, Artocarpus, 1 (1): 34-43.